Exploring the mind of a killer | Jim Fallon

832,738 views ใƒป 2009-07-16

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seh Hyun Rho ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yoonjoo Choi
00:18
I'm a neuroscientist, a professor at the University of California.
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์ €๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๋Œ€์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋กœ์„œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
And over the past 35 years,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚œ 35๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
00:24
I've studied behavior
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ํ–‰๋™์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
on the basis of everything from genes
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์œ ์ „์ž๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
00:29
through neurotransmitters, dopamine, things like that,
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๊นŒ์ง€, ๋„ํŒŒ๋ฏผ ๋“ฑ,
00:31
all the way through circuit analysis.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒ€๊ฒŸ ๋ถ„์„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
So that's what I normally do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์†Œ์— ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
00:35
But then, for some reason,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ,
00:37
I got into something else, just recently.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
And it all grew out of one of my colleagues asking me
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์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ
00:42
to analyze a bunch of brains
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์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ
00:44
of psychopathic killers.
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๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์—๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘๋์ฃ .
00:46
And so this would be the typical talk I would give.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ƒ์‹œ์— ํ•˜๋˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
And the question is, "How do you end up with a psychopathic killer?"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”? "
00:52
What I mean by psychopathic killer
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋Š”
00:54
are these people, these types of people.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
And so some of the brains that I've studied
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋“ค์€
00:58
are people you know about.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
When I get the brains I don't know what I'm looking at.
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๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ ‘ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
It's blind experiments. They also gave me normal people and everything.
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๋ˆˆ๊ฐ€๋ฆผ ์‹คํ—˜(blind test)์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ . ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋‡Œ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:04
So I've looked at about 70 of these.
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์ €๋Š” ์•ฝ 70 ์—ฌ๋ช…์˜ ๋‡Œ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
And what came up was a number of pieces of data.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
So we look at these sorts of things theoretically,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ,
01:12
on the basis of genetics,
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์œ ์ „์ž์™€
01:14
and brain damage, and interaction with environment,
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๋‘๋‡Œ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด์„œ
01:17
and exactly how that machine works.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
So we're interested in exactly where in the brain,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์–ด๋Š ๋ถ€์œ„๊ฐ€,
01:21
and what's the most important part of the brain.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ œ์ผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
So we've been looking at this:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
the interaction of genes,
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์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ,
01:28
what's called epigenetic effects,
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- ํ›„์„ฑํ•™ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ์ฃ  -
01:30
brain damage, and environment,
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๋‡Œ ์†์ƒ ๋ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ,
01:32
and how these are tied together.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
And how you end up with a psychopath, and a killer,
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์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์ž์™€ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋Š”
01:36
depends on exactly when the damage occurs.
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์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ธ์ œ ๋‡Œ ์†์ƒ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ขŒ์šฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
It's really a very precisely timed thing.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ •๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
You get different kinds of psychopaths.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์งˆ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
So we're going along with this. And here's, just to give you the pattern.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
The pattern is that those people, every one of them I looked at,
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๊ทธ ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋ž€ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ
01:50
who was a murderer, and was a serial killer,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ด์ธ์ž, ์—ฐ์‡„ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค์ด
01:53
had damage to their orbital cortex,
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์•ˆ์™€ํ”ผ์งˆ์— ์†์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
which is right above the eyes, the orbits,
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์•ˆ์™€๋Š” ๋ˆˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์œ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
and also the interior part of the temporal lobe.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ด€์ž๋†€์ด์˜ ์•ˆ์ชฝ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
So there is the pattern that every one of them had,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
02:01
but they all were a little different too.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
They had other sorts of brain damage.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‡Œ ์†์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
A key thing is that
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ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€
02:07
the major violence genes,
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์ฃผ ํญ๋ ฅ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค,
02:10
it's called the MAO-A gene.
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MAO-A ์œ ์ „์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
And there is a variant of this gene that is in the normal population.
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์ •์ƒ ๋ถ„ํฌ์—์„œ ์ด ์œ ์ „์ž์˜ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
Some of you have this. And it's sex-linked.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„์€ ์ด ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜์„ฑ์œ ์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
It's on the X chromosome. And so in this way
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๊ทธ ์œ ์ „์ž๋Š” X ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
02:22
you can only get it from your mother.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆํ•œํ…Œ์„œ๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
And in fact this is probably why mostly men, boys,
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์™œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์งˆ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค์ด,
02:29
are psychopathic killers,
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๋‚จ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:31
or are very aggressive.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
Because a daughter can get one X from the father,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋”ธ์€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ํ•œํ…Œ์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ X ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด,
02:36
one X from the mother, it's kind of diluted out.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆํ•œํ…Œ์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ X์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•„ ํฌ์„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:38
But for a son, he can only get
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋“ค์€, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆํ•œํ…Œ์„œ๋งŒ
02:40
the X chromosome from his mother.
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X ์—ผ์ƒ‰์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
So this is how it's passed from mother to son.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํญ๋ ฅ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•„๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
And it has to do with too much brain serotonin during development,
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ์ • ์ค‘ ๊ณผ๋‹ค ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ ๋ถ„๋น„์™€๋„ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
which is kind of interesting because serotonin
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊นŒ๋‹ญ์€ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ์€
02:51
is supposed to make you calm and relaxed.
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๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์ฐจ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
But if you have this gene, in utero
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด, ์ž๊ถ๋‚ด์—
02:57
your brain is bathed in this,
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๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ด๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
so your whole brain becomes insensitive to serotonin,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‡Œ ์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๋กœํ† ๋‹Œํ•œํ…Œ ๋ฌด๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
so it doesn't work later on in life.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ํ›„์— ์ œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
03:04
And I'd given this one talk in Israel,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ์ž‘๋…„์—
03:07
just this past year.
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์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์—์„œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
And it does have some consequences.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋“ค์„ ๋‚ณ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Theoretically what this means
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์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:13
is that in order to express this gene,
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์ด ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ฐœํ˜„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
03:16
in a violent way,
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- ๋‚œํญํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ -
03:18
very early on, before puberty,
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ, ์‚ฌ์ถ˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—,
03:20
you have to be involved in something that is really traumatic --
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
not a little stress, not being spanked or something,
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์—‰๋ฉ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ฑ, ์ž‘์€ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
but really seeing violence,
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ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง์ ‘ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
03:27
or being involved in it, in 3D.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ์ž…์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:29
Right? That's how the mirror neuron system works.
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๊ฑฐ์šธ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
And so, if you have that gene,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:34
and you see a lot of violence
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ
03:37
in a certain situation,
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๋งŽ์€ ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:39
this is the recipe for disaster, absolute disaster.
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์žฌ์•™, ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์žฌ์•™์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
And what I think might happen in these areas of the world,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Š์ž„์—†๋Š” ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”
03:45
where we have constant violence,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:48
you end up having generations of kids
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ
03:51
that are seeing all this violence.
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์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
And if I was a young girl, somewhere in a violent area,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…€๋กœ์„œ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‚œํญํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ,
03:56
you know, a 14 year old, and I want to find a mate,
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14์‚ด์งœ๋ฆฌ๋กœ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:58
I'd find some tough guy, right, to protect me.
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์ €๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ„ฐํ”„ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:01
Well what the problem is this tends to concentrate these genes.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
And now the boys and the girls get them.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์†Œ๋…„๊ณผ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
So I think after several generations,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ํ›„,
04:09
and here is the idea, we really have a tinderbox.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™”์•ฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
So that was the idea.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
But then my mother said to me, "I hear you've been going around talking
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ, "์š”์ฆˆ์Œ ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘ ์‚ด์ธ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
04:16
about psychopathic killers.
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๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
04:19
And you're talking as if you come from a normal family."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋„ค๊ฐ€ ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ์™”๋“ฏ์ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฌ๋‚˜."
04:22
I said, "What the hell are you talking about?"
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"๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:24
She then told me about our own family tree.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ €ํฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์ •์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
Now she blamed this on my father's side, of course.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ œ ์นœ๊ฐ€์ชฝ์„ ํƒ“ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
04:29
This was one of these cases, because she has no violence in her background,
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์ด๊ฑด ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
but my father did.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:35
Well she said, "There is good news and bad news.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„œ "ํฌ์†Œ์‹๊ณผ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ๋‹จ๋‹ค.
04:37
One of your cousins is Ezra Cornell, founder of Cornell university.
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๋„ค ์‚ฌ์ดŒ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ์—์ฆˆ๋ผ ์ฝ”๋„ฌ, ์ฝ”๋„ฌ๋Œ€ ์ฐฝ๋ฆฝ์ž์ด๋‹ค.
04:40
But the bad news is that your cousin is also Lizzie Borden.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์€ ๋„ค ์‚ฌ์ดŒ์ด ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ณด๋ด์ด๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ฃ .
04:43
Now I said, "Okay, so what? We have Lizzie."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”, "์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋•Œ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฆฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ตฐ์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:50
She goes, "No it gets worse, read this book."
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„ , "์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜๋น ์งˆ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ. ์ด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ด"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
And here is this "Killed Strangely," and it's this historical book.
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๊ทธ ์ฑ…์€ 'Killed Strangely"์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
And the first murder
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํ•ดํ•œ
04:56
of a mother by a son
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์ฒซ ์นœ์กฑ ์‚ดํ•ด์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์€
04:58
was my great-great-great-great-great-great-grandfather.
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์ œ ํ˜„์กฐ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜ ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Okay, so that's the first case of matricide.
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์ž ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ชจ์นœ์ฃ„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And that book is very interesting. Because it's about witch trials,
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์ด์ฑ…์€ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋งˆ๋…€ ์žฌํŒ๊ณผ
05:07
and how people thought back then.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:09
But it doesn't stop there.
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ํ—ˆ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
There were seven more men, on my father's side,
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์ €ํฌ ์นœ๊ฐ€์ชฝ์— - ์ฝ”๋„ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ  - ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ 7๋ช…์˜ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด
05:14
starting then, Cornells, that were all murderers.
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์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:18
Okay, now this gives one a little pause.
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์ž ๊น ๋ฉˆ์นซํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ .
05:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:23
Because my father himself,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €ํฌ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€
05:25
and my three uncles, in World War II,
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์ œ ์„ธ ์‚ผ์ดŒ๋“ค์€, ์„ธ๊ณ„ 2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „ ๋•Œ,
05:27
were all conscientious objectors, all pussycats.
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๋‹ค ์–‘์‹ฌ์  ๋ณ‘์—ญ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€์ž๋“ค, ๊ฒ์Ÿ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
05:30
But every once in a while, like Lizzie Borden, like three times a century,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋”์”ฉ ํ•œ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— 3๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์ •๋„ ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ณด๋ด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:32
and we're kind of due.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:37
So the moral of the story is:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€,
05:39
people in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
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๋˜ฅ ๋ฌป์€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒจ ๋ฌป์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ž˜์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
But more likely is this.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:48
And we had to take action. Now our kids found out about it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €ํฌ ์• ๋“ค๋„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
05:51
And they all seemed to be OK.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
But our grandkids are going to be kind of concerned here.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €ํฌ ์†์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:56
So what we've done is I've started to do PET scans
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์˜จ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„
05:59
of everybody in the family.
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์–‘์ „์ž๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋‹จ์ธต์ˆ (PET)์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:02
We started to do PET scans, EEGs and genetic analysis
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์–‘์ „์ž๋ฐฉ์ถœ๋‹จ์ธต์ˆ , ๋‡ŒํŒŒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์™€ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ถ„์„์„
06:05
to see where the bad news is.
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ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋””์— ๋‚˜์œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
Now the only person -- it turns out
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์œ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€,
06:09
one son and one daughter, siblings,
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ํ•œ ์•„๋“ค๊ณผ ๋”ธ, ํ˜•์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
didn't get along and their patterns are exactly the same.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
They have the same brain, and the same EEG.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋‡Œ์™€ ๋‡ŒํŒŒ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
And now they are close as can be.
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์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์งˆ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
But there's gonna be bad news somewhere.
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์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์ƒ๊ธธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
06:22
And we don't know where it's going to pop up.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
So that's my talk.
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์ด์ƒ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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