Jacqueline Novogratz on an escape from poverty

114,279 views ใƒป 2009-03-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ariella Cwikel ืžื‘ืงืจ: Amit Lampit
00:12
I've been working on issues of poverty for more than 20 years,
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืกืงืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™ ืžืขืœ 20 ืฉื ื”,
00:16
and so it's ironic that the problem that and question that I most grapple with
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืื™ืจื•ื ื™ ืฉื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื•ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื ืื‘ืงืช ืื™ืชื”
00:21
is how you actually define poverty. What does it mean?
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ื”ื™ื ืื™ืš ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืขื•ื ื™. ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื•?
00:24
So often, we look at dollar terms --
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื™ื-
00:26
people making less than a dollar or two or three a day.
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืœืจ, ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ื™ื•ื.
00:28
And yet the complexity of poverty really has to look at
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ืื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื™ ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•ืช
00:33
income as only one variable.
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ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืจืง ื›ืžืฉืชื ื” ืื—ื“.
00:35
Because really, it's a condition about choice,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ืขืฆื, ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื ื•ื’ืข ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”,
00:37
and the lack of freedom.
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ื•ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื—ื•ืคืฉ.
00:39
And I had an experience that really deepened and elucidated for me
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืฉื”ืขืžื™ืงื” ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื” ืœื™
00:42
the understanding that I have.
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ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™.
00:44
It was in Kenya, and I want to share it with you.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื ื™ื”, ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืช ื–ื” ืืชื›ื.
00:46
I was with my friend Susan Meiselas, the photographer,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ ืกื•ื–ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื–ืœืก, ื”ืฆืœืžืช,
00:48
in the Mathare Valley slums.
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ื‘ืžืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืขืžืง ืžืช'ืืจื™.
00:50
Now, Mathare Valley is one of the oldest slums in Africa.
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ืขืžืง ืžืช'ืืจื™ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฉื›ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ื”ื•ื•ืชื™ืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
00:53
It's about three miles out of Nairobi,
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ื”ื•ื ืžืžื•ืงื ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืง"ืž ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœื ื™ื™ืจื•ื‘ื™,
00:55
and it's a mile long and about two-tenths of a mile wide,
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ืื•ืจื›ื• ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื•ืจื•ื—ื‘ื• 300 ืžื˜ืจ,
00:58
where over half a million people
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ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื• ืžืขืœ ื—ืฆื™ ืžืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื
01:00
live crammed in these little tin shacks,
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ืžืฆื•ืคืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ื”ืคื— ื”ืงื˜ื ื˜ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื•,
01:02
generation after generation, renting them,
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ื“ื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ ื“ื•ืจ, ื‘ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช,
01:05
often eight or 10 people to a room.
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช 8 ืื• 10 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ.
01:07
And it's known for prostitution, violence, drugs:
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ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื ื•ืช, ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืกืžื™ื.
01:13
a hard place to grow up.
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ืžืงื•ื ืงืฉื” ืœื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื•.
01:15
And when we were walking through the narrow alleys,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกืžื˜ืื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื•ืช,
01:17
it was literally impossible not to step in the
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ืžืžืฉ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™ ืœื ืœื“ืจื•ืš ื‘ืชื•ืš
01:20
raw sewage and the garbage alongside the little homes.
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ื”ื‘ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื–ื•ืจื ื•ื”ื–ื‘ืœ ืœืฆื“ ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
01:24
But at the same time it was also
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื” ื’ื
01:26
impossible not to see the human vitality,
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ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
01:29
the aspiration and the ambition of the people who live there:
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ื”ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื”ืืžื‘ื™ืฆื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ื™ื™ื ืฉื.
01:32
women washing their babies, washing their clothes, hanging them out to dry.
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ื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ื—ืฆื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืงื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืžื›ื‘ืกื•ืช ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ื•ืชื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ.
01:35
I met this woman, Mama Rose,
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ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื•, ืžืืžื” ืจื•ื–,
01:37
who has rented that little tin shack for 32 years,
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ืฉืฉื•ื›ืจืช ืืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืคื— ื”ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ 32 ืฉื ื™ื,
01:40
where she lives with her seven children.
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ื•ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ื’ืจื” ืขื ืฉื‘ืขืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื”.
01:42
Four sleep in one twin bed,
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ืืจื‘ืขื” ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืขืœ ืžื™ื˜ื” ื–ื•ื’ื™ืช,
01:44
and three sleep on the mud and linoleum floor.
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ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจืฆืคื” ื”ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื™ื ื•ืœืื•ื ื•ื‘ื•ืฅ.
01:47
And she keeps them all in school by selling water from that kiosk,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืฉื•ืœื—ืช ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจืช ืžื™ื ืžื”ื“ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
01:51
and from selling soap and bread from the little store inside.
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ื•ืžืžื›ื™ืจืช ืกื‘ื•ืŸ ื•ืœื—ื ืžื”ื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื.
01:55
It was also the day after the inauguration,
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื’ื ื”ื™ื•ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื”ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉืœ ืื•ื‘ืžื” ืœื ืฉื™ืื•ืช,
01:57
and I was reminded how Mathare is still connected to the globe.
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ื•ื ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืื™ืš ืžืช'ืืจื™ ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืœืขื•ืœื.
02:01
And I would see kids on the street corners,
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ืจื—ื•ื‘,
02:03
and they'd say "Obama, he's our brother!"
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืื•ื‘ืžื”, ื”ื•ื ืื— ืฉืœื ื•!"
02:05
And I'd say "Well, Obama's my brother, so that makes you my brother too."
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ื•ืขื ื™ืชื™ "ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื•ื‘ืžื” ืื— ืฉืœื™, ืื– ื–ื” ืขื•ืฉื” ืื•ืชืš ืื— ืฉืœื™ ื’ื."
02:08
And they would look quizzically, and then be like, "High five!"
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ื•ืื– ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื™ "ืชื ื™ ื›ื™ืฃ!"
02:12
And it was here that I met Jane.
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ื•ืฉื ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ.
02:15
I was struck immediately by the kindness and the gentleness in her face,
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ืžื™ื“ ืชืคืก ืื•ืชื™ ื”ืจื•ืš ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ืœื‘ ืฉื ืฉืงืฃ ืžืคื ื™ื”,
02:18
and I asked her to tell me her story.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉืชื™ ืžืžื ื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื”.
02:21
She started off by telling me her dream. She said, "I had two.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื”. ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืฉื ื™ื™ื.
02:24
My first dream was to be a doctor,
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ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื”,
02:26
and the second was to marry a good man
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ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืื“ื ื˜ื•ื‘
02:28
who would stay with me and my family,
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ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืื™ืชื™ ื•ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™.
02:30
because my mother was a single mom,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืืžื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ื“ ื”ื•ืจื™ืช,
02:32
and couldn't afford to pay for school fees.
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ื•ืœื ื™ื›ืœื” ืœื”ืจืฉื•ืช ืœืขืฆืžื” ืœืฉืœื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ.
02:34
So I had to give up the first dream, and I focused on the second."
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ืื– ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื•ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืฉื ื™".
02:38
She got married when she was 18, had a baby right away.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ืชื ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 18 ื•ืžื™ื“ ื ื•ืœื“ ืœื” ืชื™ื ื•ืง.
02:41
And when she turned 20, found herself pregnant with a second child,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช 20, ื”ื™ื ืžืฆืื” ืืช ืขืฆืžื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื ื™ืช,
02:45
her mom died and her husband left her -- married another woman.
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ืืžื” ื ืคื˜ืจื” ื•ื‘ืขืœื” ืขื–ื‘ ืื•ืชื”- ื”ืชื—ืชืŸ ืขื ืืฉื” ืื—ืจืช.
02:49
So she was again in Mathare, with no income, no skill set, no money.
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ืื– ืฉื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืžืช'ืืจื™, ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ืื• ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช, ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืกืฃ.
02:53
And so she ultimately turned to prostitution.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืคื ืชื” ืœื–ื ื•ืช.
02:56
It wasn't organized in the way we often think of it.
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ื–ื• ื–ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื”.
02:58
She would go into the city at night with about 20 girls,
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœืขื™ืจ ื‘ืœื™ืœื” ืขื ื‘ืขืจืš 20 ื‘ื ื•ืช,
03:01
look for work, and sometimes come back with a few shillings,
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ืžื—ืคืฉืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื—ื•ื–ืจืช ืขื ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ืœื™ื ื’,
03:04
or sometimes with nothing.
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ืœื™ ื›ืœื•ื.
03:06
And she said, "You know, the poverty wasn't so bad. It was the humiliation
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื”ืขื•ื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื ื•ืจื ื›ืœ ื›ืš. ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ืฉืคืœื”
03:09
and the embarrassment of it all."
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ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืฉื‘ื“ื‘ืจ".
03:11
In 2001, her life changed.
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ื‘-2001 ื—ื™ื™ื” ื”ืฉืชื ื•.
03:15
She had a girlfriend who had heard about this organization, Jamii Bora,
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ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืœื” ืฉืžืขื” ืขืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ- ื’'ืืžื™ ื‘ื•ืจื”,
03:19
that would lend money to people no matter how poor you were,
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ืฉื”ืœื•ื•ื” ื›ืกืฃ ืœืื ืฉื™ื, ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื›ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืช ืขื ื™,
03:22
as long as you provided a commensurate amount in savings.
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ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ืคืงืช ืกื›ื•ื ื™ื—ืกื™ ื‘ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
03:26
And so she spent a year to save 50 dollars,
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ืื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื” ื”ื™ื ื—ืกื›ื” 50 ื“ื•ืœืจ,
03:29
and started borrowing, and over time she was able to buy a sewing machine.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืœื•ื•ืช, ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ืช ืชืคื™ืจื”.
03:34
She started tailoring.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืชืคื•ืจ.
03:35
And that turned into what she does now,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•,
03:38
which is to go into the secondhand clothing markets,
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ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืžื™ื“ ืฉื ื™ื™ื”,
03:40
and for about three dollars and 25 cents she buys an old ball gown.
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ื•ื‘ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืจืš $3.25 ื”ื™ื ืงื•ื ื” ืฉืžืœืช ื ืฉืฃ ื™ืฉื ื”.
03:44
Some of them might be ones you gave.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืช ื—ืœืงืŸ ืืชืŸ ืชืจืžืชืŸ.
03:46
And she repurposes them with frills and ribbons,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืžื™ืฉื” ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ื’ื“ื™ืœื™ื ื•ืกืจื˜ื™ื,
03:50
and makes these frothy confections that she sells to women
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ื•ื™ื•ืฆืจืช ืžืจืงื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืงืฆืคื•ืช ื›ืืœื” ืฉืื•ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืœื ืฉื™ื
03:54
for their daughter's Sweet 16 or first Holy Communion --
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืžืกื™ื‘ืช ื’ื™ืœ 16 ืื• ื˜ืงืก ืื›ื™ืœืช ืœื—ื ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ-
03:58
those milestones in a life that people want to celebrate
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ืื‘ื ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื—ื’ื•ื’
04:01
all along the economic spectrum.
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ืœืจื•ื—ื‘ ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ืช.
04:03
And she does really good business. In fact, I watched her
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื•ืชื”
04:06
walk through the streets hawking. And before you knew it,
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ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื›ืœืช. ื•ืขื“ ืžื”ืจื”,
04:08
there was a crowd of women around her, buying these dresses.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืงื”ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”, ืฉืงื•ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
04:12
And I reflected, as I was watching her sell the dresses,
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœื™ื” ืžื•ื›ืจืช ืืช ื”ืฉืžืœื•ืช,
04:15
and also the jewelry that she makes,
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ื•ืืช ื”ืชื›ืฉื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžื›ื™ื ื”.
04:17
that now Jane makes more than four dollars a day.
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ื›ืขืช ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื” ืžืขืœ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœื™ื•ื.
04:20
And by many definitions she is no longer poor.
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ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ื’ื“ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื™ื ื ื” ืขื ื™ื™ื” ืขื•ื“.
04:23
But she still lives in Mathare Valley.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืขืžืง ืžืช'ืืจื™.
04:25
And so she can't move out.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžืฉื.
04:28
She lives with all of that insecurity,
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ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื” ืขื ื›ืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
04:30
and in fact, in January, during the ethnic riots,
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืžื”ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืืชื ื™ื•ืช,
04:33
she was chased from her home and had to find a new shack
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ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจืฉื” ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื” ื•ื ืืœืฆื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฆืจื™ืฃ ื—ื“ืฉ
04:35
in which she would live.
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ื‘ื• ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช.
04:37
Jamii Bora understands that and understands
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ื’'ืืžื™ ื‘ื•ืจื” ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื”. ื•ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื
04:39
that when we're talking about poverty,
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ืฉื›ืฉืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืขื•ื ื™,
04:41
we've got to look at people all along the economic spectrum.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช.
04:44
And so with patient capital from Acumen and other organizations,
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ืื– ืขื ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ืž"ืืงื™ื•ืžืŸ" ื•ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื,
04:47
loans and investments that will go the long term with them,
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ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืœื›ื• ืืชื ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš,
04:50
they built a low-cost housing development,
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ื”ื ื‘ื ื• ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื”,
04:54
about an hour outside Nairobi central.
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ื‘ืžืจื—ืง ื›ืฉืขื” ืžืžืจื›ื– ื ื™ื™ืจื•ื‘ื™.
04:58
And they designed it from the perspective of
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ื•ื”ื ืขื™ืฆื‘ื• ืื•ืชื• ืžื”ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ
05:00
customers like Jane herself,
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ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื’'ื™ื™ืŸ,
05:02
insisting on responsibility and accountability.
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ื•ื”ืชืขืงืฉื• ืขืœ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ื•ื—.
05:04
So she has to give 10 percent of the mortgage --
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ืื– ื”ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืชืช 10 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชื-
05:08
of the total value, or about 400 dollars in savings.
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ืžื”ืขืจืš ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ, ืื• ื‘ืขืจืš 400 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ื—ืกื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
05:12
And then they match her mortgage to what she paid in rent for her little shanty.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืžืฉื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื›ื ืชื ืœืฉื›ืจ ื”ื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืฉืœืžื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื‘ืงืชื” ืฉืœื”.
05:17
And in the next couple of weeks, she's going to be
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ื•ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
05:19
among the first 200 families to move into this development.
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ืื—ืช ืž200 ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื‘ืจื• ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
05:22
When I asked her if she feared anything,
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ื›ืฉืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ืื ื”ื™ื ืžืคื—ื“ืช ืžืžืฉื”ื•,
05:26
or whether she would miss anything from Mathare,
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ืื• ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืช'ืืจื™ ืฉืืœื™ื• ืชืชื’ืขื’ืข,
05:28
she said, "What would I fear
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืคื—ื™ื“
05:30
that I haven't confronted already?
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ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ืชื™ ืืชื•?
05:32
I'm HIV positive. I've dealt with it all."
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ืื ื™ ื ืฉืื™ืช ืื™ื™ื“ืก. ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ืชื™ ืขื ื”ื›ืœ ื›ื‘ืจ."
05:36
And she said, "What would I miss?
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืœืžื” ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื’ืขื’ืข?
05:39
You think I will miss the violence or the drugs? The lack of privacy?
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ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืชื’ืขื’ืข ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช ืื• ืœืกืžื™ื? ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช?
05:42
Do you think I'll miss not knowing if my children are going to come home
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ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืชื’ืขื’ืข ืœืœื ืœื“ืขืช ืื ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
05:44
at the end of the day?" She said "If you gave me 10 minutes
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ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื™ื•ื?" ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืื ื”ื™ื™ืช ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื™ 10 ื“ืงื•ืช
05:46
my bags would be packed."
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ื”ืชื™ืงื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ืืจื•ื–ื™ื."
05:48
I said, "Well what about your dreams?"
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ืืžืจืชื™, "ื•ืžื” ืขื ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœืš?"
05:51
And she said, "Well, you know,
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื˜ื•ื‘, ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช,
05:53
my dreams don't look exactly like I thought they would when I was a little girl.
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ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“ื”.
05:57
But if I think about it, I thought I wanted a husband,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ืขืœ,
06:01
but what I really wanted was a family
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื–ื• ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืื•ื”ื‘ืช.
06:04
that was loving. And I fiercely love my children, and they love me back."
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืื”ื‘ื” ืขื–ื”, ื•ื”ื ืื•ืชื™."
06:08
She said, "I thought that I wanted to be a doctor,
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื•ืคืื”,
06:11
but what I really wanted to be was somebody
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืฉื”ื™
06:13
who served and healed and cured.
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ืฉืžืฉืจืชืช ื•ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžื–ื•ืจ ื•ืžืจืคืื”.
06:16
And so I feel so blessed with everything that I have,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ื” ื‘ืจืช-ืžื–ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™,
06:19
that two days a week I go and I counsel HIV patients.
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ืฉื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื™ื™ืขืฅ ืœื—ื•ืœื™ ืื™ื™ื“ืก.
06:23
And I say, 'Look at me. You are not dead.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช "ืชืกืชื›ืœื™ ืขืœื™. ืืช ืœื ืžืชื”
06:26
You are still alive. And if you are still alive you have to serve.'"
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ืืช ืขื•ื“ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื. ืื ืืช ืขื•ื“ ื—ื™ื™ื” ืืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืจืช.'"
06:29
And she said, "I'm not a doctor who gives out pills.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืื ื™ ืœื ืจื•ืคืื” ืฉืžื—ืœืงืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช.
06:33
But maybe me, I give out something better
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ืื‘ืœ ืื•ืœื™ ืื ื™, ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชื ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื–ื”
06:35
because I give them hope."
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื ื•ืชื ืช ืœื”ื ืชืงื•ื•ื”".
06:37
And in the middle of this economic crisis,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื”ื–ื”,
06:41
where so many of us are inclined to pull in
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ื›ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื• ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืชื›ื ืก
06:44
with fear, I think we're well suited to
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ื‘ืคื—ื“, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืจืื•ื™
06:48
take a cue from Jane and reach out,
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ืฉื ื™ืงื— ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ืžื’'ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื ื•ืฉื™ื˜ ื™ื“,
06:51
recognizing that being poor doesn't mean being ordinary.
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ื ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื™ ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ื™ืœ.
06:55
Because when systems are broken,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื›ืฉืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืงื•ืจืกื•ืช,
06:57
like the ones that we're seeing around the world,
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ื›ืžื• ืืœื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืŸ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื,
06:59
it's an opportunity for invention and for innovation.
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ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฆืื” ื•ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.
07:02
It's an opportunity to truly build a world
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ื–ื• ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืœื
07:05
where we can extend services and products
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ืฉื‘ื• ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื
07:08
to all human beings, so that they can
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ืœื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื•
07:11
make decisions and choices for themselves.
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ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
07:13
I truly believe it's where dignity starts.
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื‘ื™ ืฉืฉื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“.
07:15
We owe it to the Janes of the world.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœื’'ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
07:18
And just as important, we owe it to ourselves.
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ื•ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืœืขืฆืžื ื•.
07:21
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
07:23
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื).
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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