Madeleine Albright: On being a woman and a diplomat

119,772 views ใƒป 2011-02-18

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Itai Inselberg ืžื‘ืงืจ: Shahar Kaiser
00:15
Pat Mitchell: What is the story of this pin?
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ืคืื˜ ืžื™ื˜ืฆ'ืœ: ืžื” ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืกื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ืืช?
00:17
Madeleine Albright: This is "Breaking the Glass Ceiling."
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ืžื“ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืœื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜: ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉื‘ื™ืจืช ืชืงืจืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช.
00:19
PM: Oh.
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ืคืž: ืื”.
00:22
That was well chosen, I would say, for TEDWomen.
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ื–ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ TEDWomen, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจืช.
00:25
MA: Most of the time I spend when I get up in the morning
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ืžื: ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืžื‘ืœื” ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืงืžื” ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ
00:27
is trying to figure out what is going to happen.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืคืขื ื— ืžื” ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืงืจื•ืช.
00:29
And none of this pin stuff would have happened
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ื•ื›ืœ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ืขื ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงื•ืจื”
00:31
if it hadn't been for Saddam Hussein.
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ืืœืžืœื ืกื“ืื ื—ื•ืกื™ื™ืŸ.
00:33
I'll tell you what happened.
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ืื ื™ ืืกืคืจ ืœืš ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
00:35
I went to the United Nations as an ambassador,
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ื ืกืขืชื™ ืœืื•"ื ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื”.
00:38
and it was after the Gulf War,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื—ืจื™ ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืžืคืจืฅ.
00:40
and I was an instructed ambassador.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื” ืžื•ื“ืจื›ืช.
00:42
And the cease-fire had been translated
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ื•ื”ืคืกืงืช ื”ืืฉ ืชื•ืจื’ืžื”
00:44
into a series of sanctions resolutions,
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ืœืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืกื ืงืฆื™ื•ืช,
00:47
and my instructions
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ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉืœื™
00:49
were to say perfectly terrible things about Saddam Hussein constantly,
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ื”ื™ื• ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ื•ืจืื™ื™ื ืขืœ ืกื“ืื ื—ื•ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข,
00:52
which he deserved -- he had invaded another country.
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ื•ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื• - ื”ื•ื ืคืœืฉ ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื—ืจืช.
00:55
And so all of a sudden, a poem appeared in the papers in Baghdad
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื, ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื™ืจ ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื‘ื’ื“ืื“
00:58
comparing me to many things,
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ืฉื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
01:00
but among them an "unparalleled serpent."
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื” ื ื—ืฉ.
01:03
And so I happened to have a snake pin.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื‘ืžืงืจื” ืกื™ื›ืช ื ื—ืฉ.
01:05
So I wore it when we talked about Iraq.
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ืื– ืขื ื“ืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ื›ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ืขื™ืจืืง.
01:07
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:09
And when I went out to meet the press,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืืช ื”ืขื™ืชื•ื ื•ืช,
01:11
they zeroed in, said, "Why are you wearing that snake pin?"
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ื”ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื•ืฉืืœื• "ืœืžื” ืืช ืขื•ื ื“ืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื” ื”ื–ื•?"
01:13
I said, "Because Saddam Hussein compared me to an unparalleled serpent."
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ืืžืจืชื™ "ื›ื™ ืกื“ืื ื—ื•ืกื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื•ื•ื” ืื•ืชื™ ืœื ื—ืฉ".
01:16
And then I thought, well this is fun.
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ื•ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื–ื” ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืฃ.
01:18
So I went out and I bought a lot of pins
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ืื– ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ืช
01:21
that would, in fact, reflect
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ืฉื‘ืขืฆื, ืžืฉืงืคื•ืช
01:23
what I thought we were going to do on any given day.
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ืืช ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
01:25
So that's how it all started.
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ืื– ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ.
01:27
PM: So how large is the collection?
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ืคืž: ืื– ืžื” ื’ื•ื“ืœ ื”ืื•ืกืฃ?
01:29
MA: Pretty big.
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ืžื: ื“ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
01:31
It's now traveling.
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ื”ื•ื ื›ืจื’ืข ื‘ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชืฆื•ื’ื•ืช.
01:33
At the moment it's in Indianapolis,
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ื”ื•ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ืคื•ืœื™ืก,
01:35
but it was at the Smithsonian.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกืžื™ืชืกื•ื ื™ืืŸ.
01:37
And it goes with a book that says, "Read My Pins."
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื’ื ืกืคืจ ืฉื ืงืจื "ืจื™ื“ ืžื™ื™ ืคื™ื ืก" (ืงืจืื• ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœื™).
01:40
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:42
PM: So is this a good idea.
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ืคืž: ืื– ื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
01:45
I remember when you were the first woman
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
01:47
as Secretary of State,
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
01:49
and there was a lot of conversation always
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ื•ื”ื™ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื
01:51
about what you were wearing,
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืฉืืช ืœื•ื‘ืฉืช,
01:53
how you looked --
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ืื™ืš ืฉืืช ื ืจืื™ืช --
01:55
the thing that happens to a lot of women,
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ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื ืฉื™ื,
01:57
especially if they're the first in a position.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“.
02:00
So how do you feel about that -- the whole --
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ืื– ืžื” ืืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืขืœ ื–ื” - ื›ืœ ื”--
02:03
MA: Well, it's pretty irritating actually
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ืžื: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžืขืฆื‘ืŸ, ืืช ื”ืืžืช
02:05
because nobody ever describes what a man is wearing.
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ื›ื™ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžืชืืจ ืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ืœื•ื‘ืฉ.
02:08
But people did pay attention to what clothes I had.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืœืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืœื‘ืฉืชื™.
02:11
What was interesting was that,
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื”,
02:13
before I went up to New York as U.N. ambassador,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื’ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืื•"ื ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง,
02:15
I talked to Jeane Kirkpatrick, who'd been ambassador before me,
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ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขื ื’'ื™ืŸ ืงื™ืจืงืคื˜ืจื™ืง ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื’ืจื™ืจื” ืœืคื ื™ื™,
02:18
and she said, "You've got to get rid of your professor clothes.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” "ืืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื‘ื’ื“ื™ ื”ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ืฉืœืš."
02:21
Go out and look like a diplomat."
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"ืฆืื™ ื•ืชื™ืจืื™ ื›ืžื• ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ืช".
02:23
So that did give me a lot of opportunities to go shopping.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืงื ื™ื•ืช.
02:26
But still, there were all kinds of questions
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืฉืืœื•ืช
02:29
about -- "did you wear a hat?" "How short was your skirt?"
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ื›ืžื•, ืœื‘ืฉืช ื›ื•ื‘ืข? ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืจืš ื”ื—ืฆืื™ืช ืฉืœืš?
02:32
And one of the things --
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ืืœื• -
02:34
if you remember Condoleezza Rice was at some event and she wore boots,
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ืื ืืช ื–ื•ื›ืจืช, ืงื•ื ื“ืœื™ืกื” ืจื™ื™ืก ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืื™ื–ื” ืืจื•ืข ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืขืœื” ืžื’ืคื™ื™ื,
02:37
and she got criticized over that.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื—ื˜ืคื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
02:39
And no guy ever gets criticized. But that's the least of it.
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ื•ืืฃ ื’ื‘ืจ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช. ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืจืง ื”ืžืขื˜ ืฉื‘ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
02:42
PM: It is, for all of us, men and women,
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ืคืž: ื›ื•ืœื ื•, ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื ืฉื™ื,
02:45
finding our ways of defining our roles,
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ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
02:48
and doing them in ways that make a difference in the world
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
02:51
and shape the future.
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ื•ืžืขืฆื‘ืช ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื ื•.
02:53
How did you handle that balance
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ืื™ืš ืืช ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืขื ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ
02:56
between being the tough diplomatic
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ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ืคืœื•ืžื˜ื™ืช ืงืฉื•ื—ื”
02:59
and strong voice of this country
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ื•ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ื—ื–ืง ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช
03:02
to the rest of the world
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ืœืฉืืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื
03:04
and also how you felt about yourself
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ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืช ืขืœื™ื™ืš
03:06
as a mother, a grandmother, nurturing ...
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ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืื ื•ืกื‘ืชื.
03:09
and so how did you handle that?
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ืื™ืš ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ืช ืขื ื–ื”?
03:11
MA: Well the interesting part was I was asked
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ืžื: ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืฉืืœื• ืื•ืชื™
03:13
what it was like to be the first woman Secretary of State
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
03:15
a few minutes after I'd been named.
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ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืชืžื ืชื™.
03:17
And I said, "Well I've been a woman for 60 years,
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ืื– ืืžืจืชื™ "ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื™ืฉื” 60 ืฉื ื”,
03:19
but I've only been Secretary of State for a few minutes."
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืจืง ื›ืžื” ื“ืงื•ืช".
03:22
So it evolved.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ืชืคืชื—.
03:24
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:26
But basically I love being a woman.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื”.
03:28
And so what happened --
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” -
03:30
and I think there will probably be some people in the audience
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื”ืœ
03:32
that will identify with this --
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ืฉื™ื–ื“ื”ื• ืขื ื–ื” --
03:34
I went to my first meeting, first at the U.N.,
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™, ืงื•ื“ื ื‘ืื•"ื
03:37
and that's when this all started,
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ื•ืื– ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ,
03:39
because that is a very male organization.
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ื›ื™ ื–ื”ื• ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืžืื“ ื’ื‘ืจื™.
03:42
And I'm sitting there -- there are 15 members of the Security Council --
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื -- ื™ืฉ 15 ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ --
03:45
so 14 men sat there staring at me,
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ืื– ื™ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื 14 ื’ื‘ืจื™ื, ื•ื‘ื”ื• ื‘ื™,
03:49
and I thought -- well you know how we all are.
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ -- ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื.
03:51
You want to get the feeling of the room,
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ืืช ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ืžื” ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื‘ื—ื“ืจ,
03:53
and "do people like me?"
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ื•ื”ืื ื”ื ืžื—ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™,
03:55
and "will I really say something intelligent?"
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ื•ืื ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืื’ื™ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืœื™ื’ื ื˜ื™?
03:57
And all of a sudden I thought, "Well, wait a minute.
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื™, ืจืง ืจื’ืข.
04:00
I am sitting behind a sign that says 'The United States,'
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืœื˜ ืฉืื•ืžืจ "ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช".
04:03
and if I don't speak today
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ื•ืื ืื ื™ ืœื ืื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื•ื
04:05
then the voice of the United States will not be heard,"
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ืื– ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืœื ื™ืฉืžืข.
04:08
and it was the first time that I had that feeling
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ื•ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช
04:10
that I had to step out of myself
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืชื’ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื™
04:12
in my normal, reluctant female mode
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ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื ื•ืจืžืืœื™ ื”ื ืฉื™ ืฉืœื™
04:16
and decide that I had to speak on behalf of our country.
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ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™.
04:19
And so that happened more at various times,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:22
but I really think that there was a great advantage in many ways
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื
04:26
to being a woman.
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ื‘ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืฉื”.
04:28
I think we are a lot better
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช
04:30
at personal relationships,
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ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช,
04:32
and then have the capability obviously
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ื•ืื– ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
04:34
of telling it like it is when it's necessary.
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ืœื•ืžืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื, ื›ืฉืฆืจื™ืš.
04:37
But I have to tell you, I have my youngest granddaughter,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœืš, ื”ื ื›ื“ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœื™,
04:39
when she turned seven last year,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”,
04:41
said to her mother, my daughter,
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ืืžืจื” ืœืืžื ืฉืœื”, ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื™,
04:43
"So what's the big deal about Grandma Maddie being Secretary of State?
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"ืื– ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื• ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืกื‘ืชื ืžื“ื™ ื”ื™ื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”?"
04:46
Only girls are Secretary of State."
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"ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื ื•ืช".
04:48
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:59
PM: Because in her lifetime -- MA: That would be so.
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ืคืž: ื›ื™ ื‘ืชืงื•ืคืช ื—ื™ื™ื” -- (ืžื: ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ)
05:03
PM: What a change that is.
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ืคืž: ืื™ื–ื” ืฉื™ื ื•ื™...
05:05
As you travel now all over the world,
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ื›ืฉืืช ื ื•ืกืขืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื,
05:08
which you do frequently,
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ื•ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœื ืกื•ืข,
05:10
how do you assess
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ืื™ืš ืืช ืžืขืจื™ื›ื”
05:12
this global narrative around the story of women and girls?
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ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืคื” ืขืœ ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช?
05:15
Where are we?
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ืื™ืคื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืžืฆืื•ืช?
05:17
MA: I think we're slowly changing,
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ืžื: ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ืœืื˜ ืœืื˜,
05:19
but obviously there are whole pockets
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช
05:21
in countries where nothing is different.
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืฉื ื›ืœื•ื ืœื ื”ืฉืชื ื”.
05:23
And therefore it means that we have to remember
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ
05:26
that, while many of us have had huge opportunities --
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ืฉืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ื ื• ื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืช --
05:29
and Pat, you have been a real leader in your field --
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ื•ืคืื˜, ืืช ื—ืœื•ืฆื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžืš --
05:32
is that there are a lot of women
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื“ ื ืฉื™ื
05:34
that are not capable
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ืฉืœื ืžืกื•ื’ืœื•ืช
05:36
of worrying and taking care of themselves
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ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœืขืฆืžืŸ
05:38
and understanding that women have to help other women.
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ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช.
05:41
And so what I have felt --
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ --
05:43
and I have looked at this
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ื•ื”ืกืชื›ืœืชื™ ืขืœ ื–ื”
05:45
from a national security issue --
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ืžื ืงื•ื“ืช ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืžื™ -
05:47
when I was Secretary of State, I decided
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™
05:50
that women's issues had to be central to American foreign policy,
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ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช,
05:53
not just because I'm a feminist,
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ืœื ืจืง ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืคืžื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช,
05:55
but because I believe that societies are better off
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ืืœื ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ื ื” ืฉืœืงื”ื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘
05:59
when women are politically and economically empowered,
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ื›ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ืช ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช,
06:02
that values are passed down,
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ืฉืขืจื›ื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื•ืจ ืœื“ื•ืจ,
06:04
the health situation is better,
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ืฉืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:07
education is better,
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ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:09
there is greater economic prosperity.
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ื•ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
06:11
So I think that it behooves us --
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ืืช ืื—ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื ื• --
06:14
those of us that live in various countries
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ืืœื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืฉื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
06:17
where we do have economic and political voice --
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ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืงื•ืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื•ืžื“ื™ื ื™ --
06:20
that we need to help other women.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
06:22
And I really dedicated myself to that,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ื”ืงื“ืฉืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืœื›ืš,
06:24
both at the U.N. and then as Secretary of State.
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ื’ื ื‘ืื•"ื ื•ื›ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
06:27
PM: And did you get pushback
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ืคืž: ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉืช ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช
06:29
from making that a central tenant of foreign policy?
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ื‘ืœืชืช ืœื–ื” ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ?
06:32
MA: From some people.
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ืžื: ืžื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
06:34
I think that they thought that it was a soft issue.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืฉื–ื” ื ื•ืฉื ืœื ื—ืฉื•ื‘.
06:37
The bottom line that I decided
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ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™
06:39
was actually women's issues are the hardest issues,
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ืฉืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื”ืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
06:42
because they are the ones that have to do with life and death
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ื›ื™ ืืœื• ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื•ืช
06:45
in so many aspects,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื --
06:47
and because, as I said,
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ื•ื›ื™, ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืชื™,
06:49
it is really central to the way that we think about things.
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ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ืœืื™ืš ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
06:52
Now for instance,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืžืฉืœ,
06:54
some of the wars that took place
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ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืฉื”ืชื—ื•ืœืœื•
06:56
when I was in office,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“,
06:58
a lot of them, the women were the main victims of it.
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ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืŸ, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื”ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืขืงืจื™ื•ืช.
07:01
For instance, when I started,
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™,
07:03
there were wars in the Balkans.
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ื”ื™ื• ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ื‘ื‘ืœืงืŸ.
07:06
The women in Bosnia were being raped.
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื‘ื•ืกื ื™ื” ื ืื ืกื•.
07:09
We then managed to set up a war crimes tribunal
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ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ืงื™ื ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืคืฉืขื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”
07:12
to deal specifically with those kinds of issues.
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ืฉื”ืชืขืกืงื” ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืืœื•.
07:15
And by the way, one of the things that I did at that stage
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ื•ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ืื—ื“ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืฉืœื‘,
07:18
was, I had just arrived at the U.N.,
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ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืื•"ื,
07:21
and when I was there, there were 183 countries in the U.N.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื, ื”ื™ื• 183 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืื•"ื.
07:24
Now there are 192.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ืฉ 192.
07:26
But it was one of the first times that I didn't have to cook lunch myself.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืœืขืฆืžื™ ืืจื•ื—ืช ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื.
07:29
So I said to my assistant,
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ืื– ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืขื•ื–ืจ ืฉืœื™,
07:31
"Invite the other women permanent representatives."
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"ืชื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ืช".
07:34
And I thought when I'd get to my apartment
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื›ืฉืื ื™ ืื’ื™ืข ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
07:36
that there'd be a lot of women there.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ืฉื™ื.
07:38
I get there, and there are six other women, out of 183.
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ื”ื’ืขืชื™ ืœืฉื, ื•ื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืฉืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš 183.
07:41
So the countries that had women representatives
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ืื– ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืœื”ืŸ ื ืฉื™ื ื›ื ืฆื™ื’ื•ืช
07:44
were Canada, Kazakhstan, Philippines,
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ื”ื™ื• ืงื ื“ื”, ืงื–ื—ืกื˜ืŸ, ื”ืคื™ืœื™ืคื™ื ื™ื™ื,
07:46
Trinidad Tobago, Jamaica,
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ื˜ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื“, ื’'ืžื™ื™ืงื”,
07:48
Lichtenstein and me.
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ืœื™ื›ื˜ื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืื ื™.
07:51
So being an American, I decided to set up a caucus.
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ืื– ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช, ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืืจื’ืŸ ื›ื ืก ืžืคืœื’ืชื™.
07:54
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:56
And so we set it up,
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ืื– ื”ืงืžื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”,
07:58
and we called ourselves the G7.
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ื•ืงืจืื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื• ื”-ื’'ื™ 7.
08:00
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:02
PM: Is that "Girl 7?" MA: Girl 7.
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ืคืž: ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื’ื™ืจืœ (ื‘ืช) ืฉื‘ืข? (ืžื: ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข).
08:04
And we lobbied
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ืžื: ื•ื”ืชื•ื•ื›ื—ื ื•
08:06
on behalf of women's issues.
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ืœืžืขืŸ ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื ืฉื™ื.
08:08
So we managed to get two women judges
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ืื– ื”ืฆืœื—ื ื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืฉืชื™ ืฉื•ืคื˜ื•ืช
08:11
on this war crimes tribunal.
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ื‘ืžื•ืขืฆื” ืœืคืฉืขื™ ืžืœื—ืžื”.
08:13
And then what happened
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ื•ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงืจื” ื”ื•ื
08:15
was that they were able to declare that rape was a weapon of war,
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ืฉื”ืŸ ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ืื•ื ืก ื›ืคืฉืข ืžืœื—ืžื”,
08:18
that it was against humanity.
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ื•ืคืฉืข ื ื’ื“ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื•ืช.
08:20
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
08:25
PM: So when you look around the world
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ืคืž: ืื– ื›ืฉืืช ืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
08:27
and you see that, in many cases --
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ื•ืืช ืจื•ืื” ืฉื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงืจื™ื --
08:29
certainly in the Western world --
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ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ --
08:31
women are evolving into more leadership positions,
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ื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื•ืชื™ื™ื,
08:34
and even other places
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื
08:36
some barriers are being brought down,
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืžืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื™ื,
08:39
but there's still so much violence,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืืœื™ืžื•ืช,
08:42
still so many problems,
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ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช,
08:44
and yet we hear there are more women
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ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื
08:46
at the negotiating tables.
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ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ.
08:48
Now you were at those negotiating tables
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ืืช ื”ื™ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
08:50
when they weren't, when there was maybe you --
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ื›ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื•, ื›ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื”ื™ื™ืช ืจืง ืืช --
08:53
one voice, maybe one or two others.
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ืงื•ืœ ืื—ื“, ืื•ืœื™ ืขื•ื“ ืื—ืช ืื• ืฉืชื™ื™ื.
08:55
Do you believe, and can you tell us why,
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ืืช ืžืืžื™ื ื”, ื•ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื•ืžืจ ืœืžื”,
08:58
there is going to be a significant shift
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ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™
09:01
in things like violence
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ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืžื• ืืœื™ืžื•ืช
09:03
and peace and conflict and resolution
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ื•ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืขื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืคืชืจื•ืŸ
09:06
on a sustainable basis?
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ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ืžืžืฉื™?
09:08
MA: Well I do think, when there are more women,
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ืžื: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื,
09:11
that the tone of the conversation changes,
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ื”ื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืžืฉืชื ื”,
09:15
and also the goals of the conversation change.
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ื•ื’ื ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช.
09:18
But it doesn't mean that the whole world
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื
09:20
would be a lot better
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ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘
09:22
if it were totally run by women.
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ืื ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื ื”ืœ ืจืง ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื ืฉื™ื.
09:24
If you think that, you've forgotten high school.
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ืื ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื, ืืชื ืฉื—ื›ืชื ืืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
09:27
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:30
But the bottom line
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืชื—ืชื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื
09:32
is that there is a way,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื“ืจืš
09:34
when there are more women at the table,
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ืฉื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ,
09:37
that there's an attempt
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ
09:39
to develop some understanding.
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ืœืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื ื”.
09:41
So for instance, what I did when I went to Burundi,
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ืื– ืœืžืฉืœ, ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ื•ืจื•ื ื“ื™,
09:44
we'd got Tutsi and Hutu women together
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ื”ื‘ืื ื• ื ืฉื•ืช ื˜ื•ื˜ืกื™ ื•ื”ื•ื˜ื• ื™ื—ื“
09:47
to talk about some of the problems
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช
09:49
that had taken place in Rwanda.
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ืฉืงืจื• ื‘ืจื•ืื ื“ื”.
09:51
And so I think the capability of women
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื
09:54
to put themselves --
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ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ --
09:56
I think we're better about putting ourselves into the other guy's shoes
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™
09:59
and having more empathy.
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ื•ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื”.
10:01
I think it helps in terms of the support
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืชืžื™ื›ื”
10:04
if there are other women in the room.
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ืื ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ื—ื“ืจ.
10:06
When I was Secretary of State,
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”,
10:08
there were only 13 other women foreign ministers.
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ื”ื™ื• ืจืง 13 ื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืจื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ.
10:11
And so it was nice when one of them would show up.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืžืื“ ื ื—ืžื“ ื›ืฉืื—ืช ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžื’ื™ืขื”.
10:14
For instance, she is now the president of Finland,
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ื›ืจื’ืข ื”ื™ื ื ืฉื™ืืช ืคื™ื ืœื ื“,
10:17
but Tarja Halonen was the foreign minister of Finland
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ืื‘ืœ ื˜ืืจื™ื” ื”ืœื•ื ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืจืช ื”ื—ื•ืฅ ืฉืœ ืคื™ื ืœื ื“
10:20
and, at a certain stage, head of the European Union.
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ื•ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื, ืจืืฉ ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืื™ืจื•ืคืื™.
10:23
And it was really terrific.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื ื”ื“ืจ.
10:25
Because one of the things I think you'll understand.
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ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืžืงืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ื™.
10:27
We went to a meeting,
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ื”ืœื›ื ื• ืœืคื’ื™ืฉื”
10:29
and the men in my delegation,
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ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืื™ืชื™,
10:31
when I would say, "Well I feel we should do something about this,"
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ "ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื•ืฉื"
10:34
and they'd say, "What do you mean, you feel?"
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืžื” ื–ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช, ืืช ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื”?"
10:37
And so then Tarja was sitting across the table from me.
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ื•ื˜ืืจื™ื” ื™ืฉื‘ื” ืžื•ืœื™ ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ.
10:40
And all of a sudden we were talking about arms control,
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ื•ืคืชืื•ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืงืจืช ื ืฉืงื™ื,
10:43
and she said, "Well I feel we should do this."
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืื•ืžืจืช "ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”"
10:45
And my male colleagues kind of got it all of a sudden.
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ื•ื”ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืชื™ ืคืชืื•ื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•.
10:48
But I think it really does help
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืขื•ื–ืจ
10:50
to have a critical mass of women
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืกื” ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื
10:53
in a series of foreign policy positions.
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ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื—ื•ืฅ.
10:56
The other thing that I think is really important:
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื—ืฉื•ื‘:
10:59
A lot of national security policy
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
11:01
isn't just about foreign policy,
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ,
11:03
but it's about budgets, military budgets,
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ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื, ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื,
11:06
and how the debts of countries work out.
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ื•ืื™ืš ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื ืคืชืจื•ืช.
11:09
So if you have women
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ืื– ืื ื™ืฉ ื ืฉื™ื
11:11
in a variety of foreign policy posts,
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ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืฅ,
11:14
they can support each other
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ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืชืžื•ืš ืื—ืช ื‘ืฉื ื™ื™ื”
11:16
when there are budget decisions being made in their own countries.
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ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ืŸ.
11:19
PM: So how do we get
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ืคืž: ืื– ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉื™ื’ื•ืช
11:21
this balance we're looking for, then, in the world?
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ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ืคืฉื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื?
11:24
More women's voices at the table?
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ?
11:26
More men who believe
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืžืืžื™ื ื™ื
11:28
that the balance is best?
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ืฉื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘?
11:30
MA: Well I think one of the things --
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ืžื: ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื—ื“ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื:
11:32
I'm chairman of the board of an organization
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœ ืืจื’ื•ืŸ
11:34
called the National Democratic Institute
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ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ืืจืฆื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™
11:36
that works to support women candidates.
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ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื ืฉื™ื ืžื•ืขืžื“ื•ืช.
11:39
I think that we need
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช
11:41
to help in other countries
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ืœืชืช ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช
11:43
to train women
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ืœืืžืŸ ื ืฉื™ื
11:45
to be in political office,
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ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื,
11:47
to figure out how they can in fact
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ืœืคืขื ื— ืื™ืš ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช
11:49
develop political voices.
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ืœืคืชื— ืงื•ืœ ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™.
11:51
I think we also need to be supportive
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืชื•ืžื›ื•ืช
11:54
when businesses are being created
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ื›ืฉืขืกืงื™ื ืžื•ืงืžื™ื
11:57
and just make sure that women help each other.
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ื•ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
11:59
Now I have a saying
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืื™ืžืจื”
12:01
that I feel very strongly about,
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžื–ื“ื”ื” ืื™ืชื”,
12:03
because I am of a certain age
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ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื
12:05
where, when I started in my career,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™,
12:07
believe it or not, there were other women who criticized me:
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ืชืืžื™ื ื™ ืื• ืœื, ื”ื™ื• ื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจื• ืื•ืชื™:
12:10
"Why aren't you in the carpool line?"
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"ืœืžื” ืืช ืœื ื‘ื ืชื™ื‘ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ื”ืžืกื•ืจืชื™?"
12:13
or "Aren't your children suffering
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ืื• "ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœืš ืœื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื
12:15
because you're not there all the time?"
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ื›ื™ ืืช ืœื ืื™ืชื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ?"
12:17
And I think we have a tendency to make each other feel guilty.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื ื˜ื™ื™ื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืืฉืžื”.
12:20
In fact, I think "guilt" is every woman's middle name.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉ"ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืืฉืžื”" ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉื ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืืฉื”.
12:24
And so I think what needs to happen
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื
12:26
is we need to help each other.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
12:29
And my motto is that there's a special place in hell
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ื•ื”ืžื•ื˜ื• ืฉืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืงื•ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื’ื™ื”ื ื•ื
12:31
for women who don't help each other.
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ืœื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืขื•ื–ืจื•ืช ืื—ืช ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื”.
12:34
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:42
PM: Well Secretary Albright, I guess you'll be going to heaven.
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ืคืž: ืื– ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื” ืื•ืœื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืืช ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื’ืŸ ืขื“ืŸ.
12:46
Thank you for joining us today.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืฉื”ืฆื˜ืจืคืช ืืœื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื.
12:48
MA: Thank you all. Thanks Pat.
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ืžื: ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื•ืœื›ื. ืชื•ื“ื”, ืคืื˜.
12:51
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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