Bahia Shehab: A thousand times no

20,930 views ใƒป 2015-07-17

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Orr Schlesinger ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Two years ago, I was invited as an artist
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชื™ื™ื, ื”ื•ื–ืžื ืชื™ ื›ืืžื ื™ืช
00:15
to participate in an exhibition commemorating
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ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื›ื” ืฉืžื ืฆื™ื—ื”
00:18
100 years of Islamic art in Europe.
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100 ืฉื ื•ืช ืืžื ื•ืช ืื™ืกืœืืžื™ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”.
00:20
The curator had only one condition:
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ืœืื•ืฆืจ ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืชื ืื™ ืื—ื“:
00:23
I had to use the Arabic script for my artwork.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื›ืชื‘ ืขืจื‘ื™ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื™.
00:26
Now, as an artist, a woman, an Arab,
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ื›ืืžื ื™ืช, ื›ืื™ืฉื”, ื›ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื”,
00:30
or a human being living in the world in 2010,
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ืื• ื›ืื“ื ืฉื—ื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื ืช 2010,
00:33
I only had one thing to say:
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืจืง ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“:
00:36
I wanted to say no.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื.
00:39
And in Arabic, to say "no," we say "no,
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ื•ื‘ืขืจื‘ื™ืช, ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ "ืœื", ืื•ืžืจื™ื "ืœื,
00:41
and a thousand times no."
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ืืœืฃ ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื."
00:43
So I decided to look for a thousand different noes.
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ืื– ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื—ืคืฉ ืื—ืจ ืืœืฃ ืœืื•-ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
00:47
on everything ever produced
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ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ืื™ ืคืขื
00:49
under Islamic or Arab patronage in the past 1,400 years,
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ืชื—ืช ื—ืกื•ืช ืขืจื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ืช ื‘-1400 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
00:54
from Spain to the borders of China.
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ืžืกืคืจื“ ืขื“ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืกื™ืŸ.
00:58
I collected my findings in a book,
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ืืกืคืชื™ ืืช ืžืžืฆืื™ ื‘ืกืคืจ,
01:00
placed them chronologically, stating the name,
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™, ืขื ื”ืฉื,
01:03
the patron, the medium and the date.
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ื ื•ืชืŸ ื”ื—ืกื•ืช, ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ื•ื”ืชืืจื™ืš.
01:07
Now, the book sat on a small shelf next to the installation,
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ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื ื— ืขืœ ื”ืžื“ืฃ ืœื™ื™ื“ ื”ื”ืชืงื ื”,
01:10
which stood three by seven meters, in Munich, Germany,
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืขืœ ืฉื‘ืขื” ืžื˜ืจื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื ื›ืŸ, ื’ืจืžื ื™ื”,
01:13
in September of 2010.
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ื‘ืกืคื˜ืžื‘ืจ 2010.
01:17
Now, in January, 2011, the revolution started,
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ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ 2011, ื”ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื” ื”ื—ืœื”,
01:23
and life stopped for 18 days,
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ื•ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื ืขืฆืจื• ืœ18 ื™ื•ื,
01:26
and on the 12th of February,
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ื•ื‘ 12 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ,
01:27
we naively celebrated on the streets of Cairo,
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ื—ื’ื’ื ื• ื‘ืชืžื™ืžื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืจ,
01:30
believing that the revolution had succeeded.
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ื‘ืืžื•ื ื” ืฉื”ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื” ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื”.
01:34
Nine months later I found myself spraying messages
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ืชืฉืขื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืžืฆื™ื™ืจืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื’ืจืคื™ื˜ื™
01:38
in Tahrir Square. The reason for this act
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ื‘ื›ื™ื›ืจ ืชื—ืจื™ืจ. ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื–ื”
01:42
was this image that I saw in my newsfeed.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื” ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช.
01:46
I did not feel that I could live in a city
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจ
01:49
where people were being killed
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ืฉื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื ื”ืจื’ื™ื
01:51
and thrown like garbage on the street.
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ื•ื’ื•ืคื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ื–ืจืงื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื‘ืœ ื‘ืืžืฆืข ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘.
01:54
So I took one "no" off a tombstone from
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ืื– ืœืงื—ืชื™ "ืœื" ืื—ื“ ืžืžืฆื‘ื”
01:56
the Islamic Museum in Cairo, and I added a message to it:
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ืžื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื™ืกืœืืžื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื•ืกืคืชื™ ืœื• ื”ื•ื“ืขื”:
02:00
"no to military rule."
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"ืœื ืœืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ ืฆื‘ืื™."
02:01
And I started spraying that on the streets in Cairo.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื”ื™ืจ.
02:04
But that led to a series of no, coming out of the book
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ "ืœื", ืฉื™ื•ืฆืืช ืžื”ืกืคืจ
02:07
like ammunition, and adding messages to them,
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ื›ืžื• ืชื—ืžื•ืฉืช, ืขื ืžืกืจ ืฉืžืฆื•ืจืฃ ืืœื™ื”ื,
02:10
and I started spraying them on the walls.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช.
02:13
So I'll be sharing some of these noes with you.
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ืื ื™ ืืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืœืื•-ื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
02:15
No to a new Pharaoh, because whoever comes next
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ืœื ืœืคืจืขื” ื—ื“ืฉ, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื
02:18
should understand that we will never be ruled by another dictator.
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ืกื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœื˜ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ.
02:22
No to violence: Ramy Essam came to Tahrir
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ืœื ืœืืœื™ืžื•ืช: ืจืืžื™ ืืกืื ื‘ื ืœืชื—ืจื™ืจ
02:26
on the second day of the revolution,
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ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื”,
02:28
and he sat there with this guitar, singing.
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ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉื‘ ืฉื ืขื ื”ื’ื™ื˜ืจื”, ื•ืฉืจ.
02:31
One month after Mubarak stepped down, this was his reward.
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ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ืœืื—ืจ ืฉืžื•ื‘ืืจืง ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ืคืจืก ืฉืœื•.
02:36
No to blinding heroes. Ahmed Harara lost his right eye
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ืœื ืœืขื•ื•ืจ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื. ืื—ืžื“ ื”ืจืจื” ืื™ื‘ื“ ืืช ืขื™ื ื• ื”ื™ืžื ื™ืช
02:41
on the 28th of January,
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ื‘-28 ื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจ,
02:42
and he lost his left eye on the 19th of November,
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ื•ืืช ืขื™ื ื• ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื‘-19 ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ,
02:46
by two different snipers.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื™ ืฆืœืคื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
02:49
No to killing, in this case no to killing men of religion,
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ืœื ืœื”ืจื’, ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื–ื”, ืœื”ืจื’ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื“ืช,
02:53
because Sheikh Ahmed Adina Refaat was shot
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื™ื™ื— ืื—ืžื“ ืื“ื™ื ื” ืจื™ืคืขืช ื ื•ืจื”
02:56
on December 16th, during a demonstration,
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ื‘-16 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ, ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืคื’ื ื”,
02:59
leaving behind three orphans and a widow.
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืชื•ืžื™ื ื•ืืœืžื ื”.
03:03
No to burning books. The Institute of Egypt was burned
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ืœื ืœืฉืจื™ืคืช ืกืคืจื™ื. ื”ืžื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื ืฉืจืฃ
03:06
on December 17th, a huge cultural loss.
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ื‘-17 ื‘ื“ืฆืžื‘ืจ, ืื‘ื™ื“ื” ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ืช ืื“ื™ืจื”.
03:10
No to stripping the people,
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ืœื ืœื”ืคืฉื˜ืช ืื ืฉื™ื,
03:13
and the blue bra is to remind us of our shame
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ื”ื—ื–ื™ื” ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื” ื‘ืื” ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœื ื•
03:16
as a nation when we allow a veiled woman to be stripped
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ื›ืื•ืžื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ื”ืคืฉื˜ื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืฉื” ื‘ืจืขืœื”
03:20
and beaten on the street, and the footprint reads,
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ื•ื”ื›ืืชื” ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘, ื•ืžืชื—ืช ืจืฉื•ื:
03:24
"Long live a peaceful revolution,"
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"ืชื—ื™ ื”ืžื”ืคื™ื›ื” ื”ืฉืงื˜ื”,"
03:26
because we will never retaliate with violence.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื ื’ื™ื‘ ื‘ืืœื™ืžื•ืช.
03:30
No to barrier walls. On February 5th,
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ืœื ืœื—ื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืคืจื“ื”. ื‘-5 ื‘ืคื‘ืจื•ืืจ,
03:33
concrete roadblocks were set up in Cairo
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ื”ื•ืงืžื• ืžื—ืกื•ืžื™ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืงื”ื™ืจ
03:38
to protect the Ministry of Defense from protesters.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฉืจื“ ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื”ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื.
03:43
Now, speaking of walls, I want to share with you the story
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ืื ื›ื‘ืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืžื•ืช, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ
03:46
of one wall in Cairo.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืจ.
03:48
A group of artists decided to paint a life-size tank
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืืžื ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ื” ืœืฆื™ื™ืจ ื˜ื ืง ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืืžื™ืชื™
03:53
on a wall. It's one to one.
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ืขืœ ืงื™ืจ. ื–ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ืœืื—ื“.
03:55
In front of this tank there's a man on a bicycle
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ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื ืง ื™ืฉ ืื“ื ืขืœ ืืคื ื™ื™ื
03:58
with a breadbasket on his head. To any passerby,
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ืขื ืกืœ ืœื—ื ืขืœ ืจืืฉื•. ืœื›ืœ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืื•ืจื—,
04:02
there's no problem with this visual.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ื”ืžื™ืฆื’ ื”ื–ื”.
04:04
After acts of violence, another artist came,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื™ืžื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื‘ื ืืžืŸ ืื—ืจ,
04:08
painted blood, protesters being run over by the tank,
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ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื“ื, ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ืฉื ื“ืจืกื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื˜ื ืง,
04:13
demonstrators, and a message that read,
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ื•ืžืคื’ื™ื ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืกืจ ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘:
04:16
"Starting tomorrow, I wear the new face,
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"ื”ื—ืœ ืžืžื—ืจ, ืืœื‘ืฉ ืคื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช,
04:19
the face of every martyr. I exist."
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ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืงื“ื•ืฉ ืžืขื•ื ื”. ืื ื™ ืงื™ื™ื."
04:23
Authority comes, paints the wall white,
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ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื•, ื•ืฆื‘ืขื• ืืช ื”ืงื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ืŸ,
04:26
leaves the tank and adds a message:
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ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืจืง ืืช ื”ื˜ื ืง ื•ื”ื•ืกื™ืคื•:
04:28
"Army and people, one hand. Egypt for Egyptians."
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"ื”ืฆื‘ื ื•ื”ืขื, ื™ื“ ืื—ืช. ืžืฆืจื™ื ืœืžืฆืจื™ื."
04:34
Another artist comes, paints the head of the military
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ืืžืŸ ืื—ืจ ื”ื’ื™ืข, ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืคืงื“ ื”ืฆื‘ื
04:37
as a monster eating a maiden in a river of blood
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ื›ืžืคืœืฆืช ืฉืื•ื›ืœืช ื‘ืชื•ืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ื ื”ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ื
04:41
in front of the tank.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื”ื˜ื ืง.
04:43
Authority comes, paints the wall white, leaves the tank,
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ื”ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื’ื™ืขื•, ืฆื‘ืขื• ืืช ื”ืงื™ืจ ื‘ืœื‘ืŸ, ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื˜ื ืง,
04:47
leaves the suit, and throws a bucket of black paint
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ื”ืฉืื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื”, ื•ื–ืจืงื• ื“ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฆื‘ืข ืฉื—ื•ืจ
04:50
just to hide the face of the monster.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืžืคืœืฆืช.
04:51
So I come with my stencils, and I spray them on the suit,
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ืื– ื‘ืืชื™ ืขื ื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™, ื•ืฆื™ื™ืจืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืขืœ ื”ื—ืœื™ืคื”,
04:55
on the tank, and on the whole wall,
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ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื ืง, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ,
04:58
and this is how it stands today
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื
05:00
until further notice. (Laughter)
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ืขื“ ืœื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื—ื“ืฉื”. (ืฆื—ื•ืง)
05:02
Now, I want to leave you with a final no.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกื™ื•ื, ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืืชื›ื ืขื "ืœื" ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
05:06
I found Neruda scribbled on a piece of paper
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ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ ืฉืœ ืคืื‘ืœื• ื ืจื•ื“ื” (ืžืฉื•ืจืจ ืฆ'ื™ืœื™ืื ื™) ืžืฉื•ืจื‘ื˜ ืขืœ ื—ืชื™ื›ืช ื ื™ื™ืจ
05:09
in a field hospital in Tahrir, and I decided to take a no of
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื—ื•ืœื™ื ืฉื“ื” ื‘ืชื—ืจื™ืจ, ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืงื—ืช "ืœื"
05:15
Mamluk Mausoleum in Cairo.
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ืžื”ืžื•ื–ื•ืœื™ืื•ื ื”ืžืžืœื•ื›ื™ ื‘ืงื”ื™ืจ.
05:17
The message reads,
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ื‘ื”ื•ื“ืขื” ื›ืชื•ื‘:
05:19
[Arabic]
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[ืขืจื‘ื™ืช]
05:25
"You can crush the flowers, but you can't delay spring."
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"ืืคืฉืจ ืœืจืžื•ืก ืืช ื”ืคืจื—ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขื›ื‘ ืืช ื”ืื‘ื™ื‘."
05:29
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:33
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:42
Thank you. Shukran. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. ืฉื•ืงืจืืŸ. (ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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