Captain Charles Moore on the seas of plastic

221,592 views ใƒป 2009-02-25

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Shlomo Adam ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Arnon Cahen
00:12
Let's talk trash.
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ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื‘ืœ.
00:14
You know, we had to be taught
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ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืœืžื“ ืื•ืชื ื•
00:17
to renounce the powerful conservation ethic
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ืœื”ืชื ืขืจ ืžื”ืืชื™ืงื” ื”ื—ื–ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืจ
ืฉืคื™ืชื—ื ื• ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉืคืœ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”.
00:20
we developed during the Great Depression and World War II.
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00:23
After the war, we needed to direct our enormous production capacity
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืชืขืœ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื“ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื ื•
00:26
toward creation of products for peacetime.
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ืœื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืœื™ืžื™-ืฉืœื•ื.
00:29
Life Magazine helped in this effort
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ื”ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ "ืœื™ื™ืฃ" ืกื™ื™ืข ื‘ืžืืžืฅ ื–ื”
ื‘ื›ืš ืฉื”ื›ืจื™ื– ืขืœ ื”ื›ื ืกืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ื”ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ื™ื,
00:32
by announcing the introduction of throwaways
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ืฉื™ืฉื—ืจืจื• ืืช ืขืงืจืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืžื”ื“ื—ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืคืจื›ืช.
00:35
that would liberate the housewife from the drudgery of doing dishes.
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00:38
Mental note to the liberators:
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ืžืกืจ ืœืžืฉื—ืจืจื™ื:
00:40
throwaway plastics take a lot of space and don't biodegrade.
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ืžื•ืฆืจื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื—ื“-ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืชื•ืคืกื™ื ืžืงื•ื ืจื‘ ื•ืœื ืžืชืคืจืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
00:43
Only we humans make waste that nature can't digest.
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ืจืง ืื ื•, ื‘ื ื™ ื”ืื“ื, ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืคืกื•ืœืช ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื›ืœ.
00:48
Plastics are also hard to recycle.
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ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื’ื ืงืฉื” ืœืžื—ื–ืจ.
00:51
A teacher told me how to express the under-five-percent
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ืžื•ืจื” ืื—ื“ ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืก ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื
00:54
of plastics recovered in our waste stream.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉืžืžื•ื—ื–ืจ ืžืŸ ื”ืืฉืคื” ืฉืœื ื•.
00:57
It's diddly-point-squat.
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ื–ื” "ืฉื•ื-ื ืงื•ื“ื”-ื›ืœื•ื".
01:00
That's the percentage we recycle.
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืื—ื•ื– ืฉืื ื• ืžืžื—ื–ืจื™ื.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:06
Now, melting point has a lot to do with this.
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ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืžืกื” ื™ืฉ ืงืฉืจ ืจื‘ ืœื›ืš.
01:09
Plastic is not purified by the re-melting process like glass and metal.
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื”ืžืกื”, ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื›ืžื• ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื•ืžืชื›ืช.
01:12
It begins to melt below the boiling point of water
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ื ืžืก ืžืชื—ืช ืœื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ืจืชื™ื—ื” ืฉืœ ืžื™ื
01:15
and does not drive off the oily contaminants
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ื•ืœื ืžืฉื—ืจืจ ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื•ืžื ื™ื™ื
01:18
for which it is a sponge.
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ืฉืขื‘ื•ืจื ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืกืคื•ื’.
ื—ืฆื™ ืž-50 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืง"ื’ ื’ืจื’ืจื™ ื—ื•ืžืจ ื’ืœื ืคืœืกื˜ื™ ืชืจืžื™
01:21
Half of each year's 100 billion pounds of thermal plastic pellets
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01:24
will be made into fast-track trash.
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ืฉืžื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉื ื”, ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืืฉืคื”.
01:27
A large, unruly fraction of our trash
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ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืœืชื™-ื ืฉืœื˜ ืžื”ื–ื‘ืœ ืฉืœื ื•
01:30
will flow downriver to the sea.
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ื™ื–ืจื•ื ืขื ื”ื ื”ืจื•ืช ืืœ ื”ื™ื.
01:33
Here is the accumulation at Biona Creek next to the L.A. airport.
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ื”ื ื” ื”ื”ืฆื˜ื‘ืจื•ืช ื‘ื‘ื™ื•ื ื” ืงืจื™ืง, ืœื™ื“ ื ืžืœ ื”ืชืขื•ืคื” ืฉืœ ืœื•ืก-ืื ื’'ืœืก.
01:36
And here is the flotsam near California State University Long Beach
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ืฆืคื™ื, ืœื™ื“ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืช ืœื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืฉื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”
ื•ืžืคืขืœ ื“ื”-ืกืืœ ืฉื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืงืจื ื• ืืชืžื•ืœ.
01:41
and the diesel plant we visited yesterday.
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01:43
In spite of deposit fees,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืคื™ืงื“ื•ืŸ,
01:45
much of this trash leading out to the sea will be plastic beverage bottles.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืืฉืคื” ื”ื–ื•, ืฉื–ื•ืจืžืช ืœื™ื, ื”ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ ืžืฉืงืื•ืช ืงืœื™ื ืžืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง.
01:48
We use two million of them in the United States every five minutes,
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ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘ ืื ื• ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืืœื” ืื—ืช ืœื—ืžืฉ ื“ืงื•ืช,
01:52
here imaged by TED presenter Chris Jordan,
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ื›ืืŸ, ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจืฆื” TED ื›ืจื™ืก ื’'ื•ืจื“ืŸ,
01:55
who artfully documents mass consumption and zooms in for more detail.
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ืฉืžืชืขื“ ื‘ืืžื ื•ืชื• ืืช ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื”ื”ืžื•ื ื™ืช, ืขื ืชืงืจื™ื‘ ืœื™ืชืจ ืคื™ืจื•ื˜.
02:01
Here is a remote island repository for bottles
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ื–ื”ื• ืื™ ื ื™ื“ื— ื”ืžืฉืžืฉ ืžืื’ืจ ืœื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื
02:05
off the coast of Baja California.
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ืžื•ืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื‘ืื—ื” ืฉื‘ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”.
ืื™ืกืœื” ืกืŸ-ืจื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื ืžื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฆื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืœื-ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ืช
02:08
Isla San Roque is an uninhabited bird rookery
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02:10
off Baja's sparsely populated central coast.
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ืžื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื”ืžืื•ื›ืœืก ื‘ื“ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืื—ื”.
02:12
Notice that the bottles here have caps on them.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉื”ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืคืงื•ืงื™ื.
02:15
Bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate, PET,
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ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ ืคื•ืœื™ืืชื™ืœืŸ ื˜ืจืคืชืœืื˜, ืคื™-ืื™-ื˜ื™,
02:19
will sink in seawater and not make it this far from civilization.
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ื™ืฉืงืขื• ื‘ืžื™ ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืชืจื—ืงื• ืžืื“ ืžื”ืฆื™ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื”.
02:22
Also, the caps are produced in separate factories
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ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื”ืคืงืงื™ื ืžื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ื‘ืžืคืขืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื
02:25
from a different plastic, polypropylene.
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ื•ืžืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉื•ื ื”, ืžืคื•ืœื™ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœืŸ.
02:28
They will float in seawater,
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ื”ื ืฆืคื™ื ื‘ืžื™-ื™ื,
02:30
but unfortunately do not get recycled under the bottle bills.
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ืืš ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื”ื—ื•ืง ืœื ืžื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ืื•ืชื.
02:34
Let's trace the journey of the millions of caps
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ื”ื‘ื” ื•ื ืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจ ื“ืจื›ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื”ืคืงืงื™ื
02:37
that make it to sea solo.
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ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื.
02:39
After a year the ones from Japan are heading straight across the Pacific,
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื ื”, ื”ืคืงืงื™ื ืžื™ืคืŸ ื—ืฆื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืฉืงื˜,
02:42
while ours get caught in the California current
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ื ืœื›ื“ื™ื ื‘ื–ืจื ื”ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™
ื•ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืœืงื•-ื”ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืงืื‘ื• ืกืŸ ืœื•ืงืืก.
02:45
and first head down to the latitude of Cabo San Lucas.
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02:48
After ten years, a lot of the Japanese caps
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ืื—ืจื™ ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ืคืงืงื™ื ื™ืคื ื™ื™ื
ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘"ื—ืœืงืช ื”ืืฉืคื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ืช",
02:51
are in what we call the Eastern Garbage Patch,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืืช ื”ืคื™ืœื™ืคื™ื ื™ื.
02:53
while ours litter the Philippines.
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02:55
After 20 years, we see emerging the debris accumulation zone
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ืื—ืจื™ 20 ืฉื ื” ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืฉืžืชืคืชื— ืžืฆื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื
02:58
of the North Pacific Gyre.
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ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืœืช ืฆืคื•ืŸ ื”ืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก ื”ืฉืงื˜.
ื‘ืžืงืจื”, ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืืœื‘ื˜ืจื•ืกื™ื
03:01
It so happens that millions of albatross
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ืžืงื ื ื™ื ื‘ืื˜ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœ ืงื™ื•ืจ ื•ืžื™ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™,
03:03
nesting on Kure and Midway atolls
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03:05
in the Northwest Hawaiian Islands National Monument
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ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ื”ื ืฆื—ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืื™ื™ ืฆืคื•ืŸ-ืžืขืจื‘ ื”ื•ื•ืื™ื™.
03:08
forage here and scavenge whatever they can find
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ื”ื ืžื—ื˜ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ื‘ืœ ื•ืชืจื™ื ืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ืžื–ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื
03:11
for regurgitation to their chicks.
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ื•ืฉืื—ืจ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ื’ื™ืจื” ื•ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืœื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื”ื.
03:13
A four-month old Laysan Albatross chick
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ื’ื•ื–ืœ ืืœื‘ื˜ืจื•ืก ืœื™ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืŸ 4 ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื
03:16
died with this in its stomach.
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ืžืช ื›ืฉื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืงื™ื‘ืชื•.
03:19
Hundreds of thousands of the goose-sized chicks are dying
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ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื’ื•ื–ืœื™ื ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ ืื•ื•ื– ื’ื•ืกืกื™ื
03:24
with stomachs full of bottle caps and other rubbish,
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ืขื ืงื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ืคืงืงื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื–ื‘ืœ ืื—ืจ,
03:27
like cigarette lighters ...
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ื›ืžื• ืžืฆื™ืชื™ ืกื™ื’ืจื™ื•ืช...
03:30
but, mostly bottle caps.
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ืืš ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืคืงืงื™ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงื™ื.
03:33
Sadly, their parents mistake bottle caps for food
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืฆืขืจ, ื”ื•ืจื™ื”ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืคืงืงื™ื ื”ื ืžื–ื•ืŸ
03:36
tossing about in the ocean surface.
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ืฉืžืคื•ื–ืจ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ื™ื.
03:39
The retainer rings for the caps
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ื’ื ืœื˜ื‘ืขื•ืช ื”ืคืงืงื™ื
03:41
also have consequences for aquatic animals.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืžื™ื™ื
03:44
This is Mae West,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื™ื™ ื•ื•ืกื˜,
ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื, ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ืžืจ ื’ืŸ-ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื•-ืื•ืจืœื™ื ืก.
03:46
still alive at a zookeeper's home in New Orleans.
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03:49
I wanted to see what my home town of Long Beach was contributing to the problem,
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืชื•ืจืžืช ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื™ืจ ื”ื•ืœื“ืชื™, ืœื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืฅ',
03:53
so on Coastal Clean-Up Day in 2005
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ืื– ื‘ื™ื•ื ื ืงื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื—ื•ืคื™ื ื‘-2005
03:56
I went to the Long Beach Peninsula, at the east end of our long beach.
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœื—ืฆื™-ื”ืื™ ืœื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืฅ' ืฉื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื–ืจื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืคื ื• ื”ืืจื•ืš.
03:59
We cleaned up the swaths of beach shown.
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ื ื™ืงื™ื ื• ืขื“ ืœื—ืœืงื•ืช ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ืฉืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ.
04:02
I offered five cents each for bottle caps.
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ื”ืฆืขืชื™ ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืกื ื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืืกื•ืฃ ืคืงืงื™ื.
04:05
I got plenty of takers.
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืœืงื—ื• ืืช ื›ืกืคื™.
04:07
Here are the 1,100 bottle caps they collected.
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ื”ื ื” 1,100 ื”ืคืงืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ืืกืคื•.
04:10
I thought I would spend 20 bucks.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื•ืฆื™ื 20 ื“ื•ืœืจ.
04:13
That day I ended up spending nearly 60.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื ื‘ื–ื‘ื–ืชื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœ-60.
ื”ืคืจื“ืชื™ ืื•ืชื ืœืคื™ ืฆื‘ืขื™ื,
04:16
I separated them by color
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ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื•ืจ-ื”ืืจืฅ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืžืชื™ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชืฆื•ื’ื”
04:18
and put them on display the next Earth Day
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ื‘ืืงื•ื•ืจื™ื•ื ื”ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจื™ืœื• ืฉื‘ืกืืŸ ืคื“ืจื•.
04:20
at Cabrillo Marine Aquarium in San Pedro.
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ื”ืžื•ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื•ืจืฆื ื’ืจ ื•ืืฉืชื• ืžืจื™ื” ื ื™ื’ืฉื• ืœืฉื•ื—ื— ืขืœ ื”ืชืฆื•ื’ื”.
04:22
Governor Schwarzenegger and his wife Maria stopped by to discuss the display.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ื›ื•ื‘ืข ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™, ืฉื ืกืจื’ ืžืฉืงื™ื•ืช ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ,
04:26
In spite of my "girly man" hat, crocheted from plastic shopping bags,
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04:29
they shook my hand. (Laughter)
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ื”ื ืœื—ืฆื• ืืช ื™ื“ื™.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:33
I showed him and Maria a zooplankton trawl
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ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื• ื•ืœืžืจื™ื” ืžื›ืžื•ืจืช ืคืœื ืงื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื”ืžืขืจื‘ื•ืœืช ืฉืžืฆืคื•ืŸ ืœื”ื•ื•ืื™ื™,
04:36
from the gyre north of Hawaii
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04:39
with more plastic than plankton.
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ืฉื”ื™ื” ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžืืฉืจ ืคืœื ืงื˜ื•ืŸ.
04:41
Here's what our trawl samples from the plastic soup our ocean has become look like.
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ื›ืš ื ืจืื•ืช ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื›ืžื•ืจืช ืžืžืจืง ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
04:46
Trawling a zooplankton net on the surface for a mile
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ื›ืฉื’ื•ืจืจื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืžื›ืžื•ืจืช ืคืœื ืงื˜ื•ืŸ ืœืื•ืจืš ืงื™ืœื•ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืฆื™,
04:49
produces samples like this.
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ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืืœื”.
04:52
And this.
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ื•ื›ืืœื”.
04:55
Now, when the debris washes up on the beaches of Hawaii
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ื›ืฉื”ืฉื™ื™ืจื™ื ื ืฉื˜ืคื™ื ืืœ ื—ื•ืคื™ ื”ื•ื•ืื™ื™
ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืš.
04:58
it looks like this.
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ื•ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื”ืžืกื•ื™ื ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืฃ ืงืื™ืœื•ืื”,
05:00
And this particular beach is Kailua Beach,
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ื”ื—ื•ืฃ ื‘ื• ื ืคืฉื• ื ืฉื™ืื ื• ื•ืžืฉืคื—ืชื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืœื•ื•ืฉื™ื ื’ื˜ื•ืŸ.
05:02
the beach where our president and his family vacationed before moving to Washington.
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05:05
Now, how do we analyze samples like this one
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ืื™ืš ืื ื• ืžื ืชื—ื™ื ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื–ื•, ืฉืžื›ื™ืœื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžืืฉืจ ืคืœื ืงื˜ื•ืŸ?
05:08
that contain more plastic than plankton?
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05:11
We sort the plastic fragments into different size classes,
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ืื ื• ืžืžื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืœืคื™ ื’ื“ืœื™ื
05:14
from five millimeters to one-third of a millimeter.
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ืžื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืž"ืž ื•ืขื“ ืฉืœื™ืฉ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ืžื˜ืจ.
05:17
Small bits of plastic concentrate persistent organic pollutants
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ื‘ืจืกื™ืกื™ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžืชืจื›ื–ื™ื ืžื–ื”ืžื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื ืขืžื™ื“ื™ื
05:21
up to a million times their levels in the surrounding seawater.
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ื‘ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืฉืœ ืขื“ ืคื™ ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืžื™-ื”ื™ื ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื.
05:25
We wanted to see if the most common fish in the deep ocean,
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ืจืฆื™ื ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ื”ื“ื’ื™ื ื”ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืขืžืงื™ ื”ื™ื,
05:28
at the base of the food chain,
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ืืœื” ืฉื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ืฉืจืฉืจืช ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ,
05:30
was ingesting these poison pills.
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ื‘ื•ืœืขื™ื ื’ืœื•ืœื•ืช ืจืขืœ ืืœื”.
05:32
We did hundreds of necropsies,
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ื‘ื™ืฆืขื ื• ื ืชื™ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืžืื•ืช ื’ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช,
05:35
and over a third had polluted plastic fragments in their stomachs.
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ื•ืงื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื ื”ื›ื™ืœื• ืจืกื™ืกื™ ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ืžื–ื•ื”ืžื™ื.
05:38
The record-holder, only two-and-a-half inches long,
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ื”ืฉื™ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ืฉืื•ืจื›ื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืฉื‘ืขื” ืก"ืž,
05:41
had 84 pieces in its tiny stomach.
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ื”ื›ื™ืœ 84 ื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืงื™ื‘ืชื• ื”ื–ืขื™ืจื”.
05:44
Now, you can buy certified organic produce.
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ืื– ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื ื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื.
05:47
But no fishmonger on Earth
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ืืš ืฉื•ื ืกื•ื—ืจ ื“ื’ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื
05:50
can sell you a certified organic wild-caught fish.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืžื›ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ื“ื’ื™ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืฉื ื“ื•ื’ื• ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข.
05:55
This is the legacy we are leaving to future generations.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืžื•ืจืฉืช ืฉืื ื• ืžื•ืชื™ืจื™ื ืœื“ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื‘ืื™ื.
06:00
The throwaway society cannot be contained --
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ืœื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืฆืจื•ืš-ื•ื”ืฉืœืš,
06:03
it has gone global.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช.
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ื ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื—ืกืŸ, ืœื ื”ืœ ืื• ืœืžื—ื–ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
06:06
We simply cannot store and maintain or recycle all our stuff.
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06:09
We have to throw it away.
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ืื ื• ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื›ื.
06:11
Now, the market can do a lot for us,
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ื”ืฉื•ืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืืžื ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืžืขื ื ื•,
ืืš ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ื—ื• ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื™ืžื™ืช ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉืงืœืงืœื ื•.
06:14
but it can't fix the natural system in the ocean we've broken.
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06:17
All the king's horses and all the king's men ...
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ื•ื›ืœ ืกื•ืกื™ ื”ืžืœืš ื•ื›ืœ ืคืจืฉื™ื•...
06:20
will never gather up all the plastic and put the ocean back together again.
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ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื™ื ื›ืฉื”ื™ื”.
06:26
Narrator (Video): The levels are increasing,
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(ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ): ื”ืจืžื•ืช ืขื•ืœื•ืช,
06:28
the amount of packaging is increasing,
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ื›ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื”ืืจื™ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื•ืช,
06:30
the "throwaway" concept of living is proliferating,
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ื”ืฉืงืคืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืฆืจื•ืš-ื•ื”ืฉืœืš ืžืฉื’ืฉื’ืช,
06:33
and it's showing up in the ocean.
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ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืจืื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืงื™ื ื•ืก.
06:36
Anchor: He offers no hope of cleaning it up.
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ืžื’ื™ืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช: "ื”ื•ื ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื• ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืœื ืงื•ืชื•.
06:39
Straining the ocean for plastic
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"ืกื™ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง
06:42
would be beyond the budget of any country
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"ื™ื—ืจื•ื’ ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื
"ื•ืื’ื‘ ื›ืš ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื ื™ ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ื™ื ื™ืžื™ื™ื.
06:45
and it might kill untold amounts of sea life in the process.
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06:48
The solution, Moore says, is to stop the plastic at its source:
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"ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ, ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ืžื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื ืœืขืฆื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื‘ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื•:
06:51
stop it on land before it falls in the ocean.
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"ืœืขืฆืจื• ืขืœ ื”ื™ื‘ืฉื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ืคืœ ืœื™ื."
-ื–ืืช ืฉืงื™ืช ื ื™ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื ืคื•ืฆื”...
"ื•ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื–ื”, ื”ืขื˜ื•ืฃ ื•ืืจื•ื– ื‘ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง,
06:58
And in a plastic-wrapped and packaged world,
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"ืื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืจื•ืื” ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืจื‘ื” ื’ื ืœื›ืš.
07:01
he doesn't hold out much hope for that, either.
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07:04
This is Brian Rooney for Nightline,
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"ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืืŸ ืจื•ื ื™ ืž'ื ื™ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ืŸ', ืœื•ื ื’ ื‘ื™ืฅ', ืงืœื™ืคื•ืจื ื™ื”."
07:06
in Long Beach, California.
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07:12
Charles Moore: Thank you.
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ืฆ'ืจืœืก ืžื•ืจ: ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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