Patrick Chappatte: The power of cartoons

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So yeah, I'm a newspaper cartoonist --

Dakle, da ja sam novinski karikaturist --

political cartoonist.

politički karikaturist.

I don't know if you've heard about it -- newspapers?

Ne znam ako ste čuli za njih -- novine?

It's a sort of paper-based reader.

To je vrsta monitora na papiru.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

It's lighter than an iPad,

Lakši od iPad-a.

it's a bit cheaper.

Mrvicu jeftiniji.

You know what they say?

Znate li što govore?

They say the print media is dying --

Da tiskani medij polako izumire.

who says that? Well, the media.

Tko to govori? Pa mediji.

But this is no news, right?

No to nije nikakva novost, zar ne?

You've read about it already.

Vjerojatno ste čitali o tome.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Ladies and gentlemen,

Dame i gospodo,

the world has gotten smaller.

svijet je upravo postao manji.

I know it's a cliche, but look,

znam da je klišej, ali pogledajte,

look how small,

pogledajte koliko mali,

how tiny it has gotten.

koliko je sitan postao.

And you know the reason why, of course.

I vi znate razlog zašto, naravno.

This is because of technology -- yeah.

Zbog tehnologije, da.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Any computer designers in the room?

Ima li računalnih inžinjera među vama?

Yeah well,

Ah, naravno,

you guys are making my life miserable

vi mi ljudi zagorčavate život,

because track pads used to be round,

jer je nekad laptop imao okrugli miš,

a nice round shape.

lijepo zaobljen.

That makes a good cartoon.

To čini karikaturu dobrom.

But what are you going to do with a flat track pad,

No što da radim s plosnatim track padom,

those square things?

ono malo, četvrtasto?

There's nothing I can do as a cartoonist.

Ne mogu ništa kao karikaturist.

Well, I know the world is flat now.

Mislim, znam da je svijet sad ravan.

That's true.

To je istina.

And the Internet has reached

A internet je dosegao

every corner of the world,

svaki kutak planete,

the poorest, the remotest places.

siromašne, najudaljenije krajeve.

Every village in Africa now has a cyber cafe.

Svako selo u Africi ima internet kafić sad.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Don't go asking for a Frappuccino there.

Nemojte pitati za frapuccino.

So we are bridging the digital divide.

I tako premoštavamo digitalni jaz.

The Third World is connected,

Treći svijet je povezan.

we are connected.

Mi smo povezani.

And what happens next?

I što se desi slijedeće?

Well, you've got mail.

Pa, stigne pošta.

Yeah.

Da.

Well, the Internet has empowered us.

Pa internet nam je dao moć.

It has empowered you,

Dao je moć vama,

it has empowered me

dao je moć meni,

and it has empowered some other guys as well.

i dao je moć još nekome.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

You know, these last two cartoons --

Znate, ove dvije zadnje karikature,

I did them live

su rađene uživo

during a conference in Hanoi.

tijekom konferencije u Hanoi-u.

And they were not used to that

Što nije bila navika

in communist 2.0 Vietnam.

u komunističkom 2.0 Vijetnamu.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So I was cartooning live on a wide screen --

Crtao sam uživo na velikom ekranu --

it was quite a sensation --

i bila je prilična senzacija --

and then this guy came to me.

i prišla mi je neka osoba.

He was taking pictures of me and of my sketches,

Fotografirao je mene i moje crteže,

and I thought, "This is great, a Vietnamese fan."

i pomislih, "Ovo je sjajno, vijetnamski poklonik."

And as he came the second day,

Pa je došao i drugi dan,

I thought, "Wow, that's really a cartoon lover."

i pomislih, "Zbilja voli karikaturu."

And on the third day, I finally understood,

A treći dan sam konačno shvatio,

the guy was actually on duty.

tip je bio na dužnosti.

So by now, there must be a hundred pictures of me

Tako da dosad, mora biti preko stotina slika mene

smiling with my sketches

smiješeći se zajedno s mojim crtežima

in the files of the Vietnamese police.

u spisima Vijetnamske policije.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

No, but it's true: the Internet has changed the world.

No zbilja, istina je: Internet je promijenio svijet.

It has rocked the music industry;

Poljuljao je muzičku industriju.

it has changed the way we consume music.

Promijenio je način na koji konzumiramo glazbu.

For those of you old enough to remember,

Za one dovoljno stare da se sjećaju,

we used to have to go to the store

nekad smo morali u trgovinu

to steal it.

da bi je ukrali.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And it has changed the way

I promijenio je način na koji

your future employer

će vaš budući poslodavac

will look at your application.

gledati vašu molbu.

So be careful

Zato oprez

with that Facebook account --

s profilom na Facebooku.

your momma told you, be careful.

I majka kaže da budete oprezni.

And technology has set us free --

A tehnologija nas je i oslobodila.

this is free WiFi.

Imamo besplatni WiFi.

But yeah, it has liberated us

Ali je, zbilja nas je oslobodila

from the office desk.

stola u uredu.

This is your life,

Ovo je vaš život.

enjoy it.

Uživajte.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

In short, technology, the internet,

Ukratko, tehnologija, internet,

they have changed our lifestyle.

promijenili su naš životni stil.

Tech guru, like this man --

Tehnološki guru, poput ove osobe --

that a German magazine called the philosopher of the 21st century --

kojega je njemački časopis prozvao filozofom 21. stoljeća --

they are shaping the way we do things.

mijenjaju način na koji radimo stvari.

They are shaping the way we consume.

Oblikuju način na koji konzumiramo.

They are shaping our very desires.

Oblikuju naše vlastite čežnje.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

You will not like it.

Neće vam se svidjeti.

And technology has even changed

Tehnologija je čak promijenila

our relationship to God.

naš odnos s Bogom.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Now I shouldn't get into this.

No ne bi se trebao upuštati u to.

Religion and political cartoons,

Religija i političke karikature,

as you may have heard,

kao što ste možda čuli,

make a difficult couple,

tvore problematičan par,

ever since that day of 2005,

sve od tog dana 2005.,

when a bunch of cartoonists in Denmark

kada je skupina karikaturista u Danskoj

drew cartoons that had repercussions all over the world --

nacrtala karikature koje su imale dalekosežne posljedice,

demonstrations, fatwa,

demonstracije, fatvu.

they provoked violence. People died in the violence.

Isprovocirale su nasilje. Ljudi su umirali u tom nasilju.

This was so sickening;

Bilo mi je zlo od toga.

people died because of cartoons.

Ljudi su umirali zbog karikatura.

I mean --

Mislim --

I had the feeling at the time

Imao sam osjećaj u to vrijeme

that cartoons had been used by both sides, actually.

da su karikature zlorabili na obje strane.

They were used first by a Danish newspaper,

Prve su bile Danske novine,

which wanted to make a point on Islam.

koje su htjele istaknuti nešto o islamu.

A Danish cartoonist told me he was one of the 24

Danski karikaturist mi je rekao da je bio jedan od 24

who received the assignment to draw the prophet --

koji su dobili zadatak da nacrtaju proroka.

12 of them refused. Did you know that?

12 ih je odbilo. Jeste li znali to?

He told me, "Nobody has to tell me what I should draw.

Rekao mi je, "Nitko mi ne može reći šta da ja crtam.

This is not how it works."

To tako ne ide."

And then, of course, they were used

Pa su, naravno, upotrijebljene

by extremists and politicians on the other side.

od strane ekstremista i političara s druge strane.

They wanted to stir up controversy.

Željeli su potaknuti polemiku.

You know the story.

Znate priču.

We know that cartoons can be used as weapons.

Znamo da karikature mogu poslužiti i kao oružje.

History tells us,

Povijest nam to govori,

they've been used by the Nazis

upotrebljavali su ih nacisti

to attack the Jews.

kako bi napali Židove.

And here we are now.

I tako smo došli ovdje.

In the United Nations,

U Ujedinjenim narodima,

half of the world is pushing

pola svijeta gura

to penalize the offense to religion --

da se kažnjava vrijeđanje religije --

they call it the defamation of religion --

nazivaju to klevetanjem religije --

while the other half of the world is fighting back

dok se druga polovica svijeta bori

in defense of freedom of speech.

za obranu slobode govora.

So the clash of civilizations is here,

I tako smo došli do sukoba civilizacija,

and cartoons are at the middle of it?

a karikature su usred svega toga?

This got me thinking.

To me ponukalo na razmišljanje.

Now you see me thinking

Sad me vidite kako razmišljam

at my kitchen table,

dok sjedim za kuhinjskim stolom.

and since you're in my kitchen,

A dok ste već u kuhinji

please meet my wife.

upoznajte i moju ženu.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

In 2006, a few months after,

2006., par mjeseci kasnije,

I went Ivory Coast --

otišao sam u Obalu bjelokosti --

Western Africa.

Zapadna Afrika.

Now, talk of a divided place -- the country was cut in two.

Sad, to je podijeljena država.

You had a rebellion in the North,

Imali ste pobunu na sjeveru,

the government in the South -- the capital, Abidjan --

vladu na jugu -- u glavnom gradu, Abidjan-u --

and in the middle, the French army.

a u sredini, francusku vojsku.

This looks like a giant hamburger.

Ovo liči na divovski hamburger.

You don't want to be the ham in the middle.

Ne želite biti šunka u sredini.

I was there to report on that story

Izvještavao sam o događajima tamo

in cartoons.

u obliku karikatura.

I've been doing this for the last 15 years;

Tako radim već 15 godina.

it's my side job, if you want.

To možemo gledati kao na moj posao sa strane.

So you see the style is different.

Vidite da je stil drugačiji.

This is more serious than maybe editorial cartooning.

Ozbiljniji od možda standardnih karikatura.

I went to places like Gaza

Bio sam u mjestima poput Gaze

during the war in 2009.

tijekom rata 2009.

So this is really journalism in cartoons.

Tako da je to novinarstvo kroz karikaturu.

You'll hear more and more about it.

Sve više će se slušati o tome.

This is the future of journalism, I think.

Mislim da je to budućnost novinarstva.

And of course, I went to see the rebels in the north.

I naravno otišao sam do pobunjenika na sjever.

Those were poor guys fighting for their rights.

To su siromasi koji se bore za svoja prava.

There was an ethnic side to this conflict

Taj sukob ima i etničku stranu

as very often in Africa.

što je čest slučaj u Africi.

And I went to see the Dozo.

I otišao sam posjetiti Dozo.

The Dozo, they are the traditional hunters

Dozoi su tradicionalni lovci

of West Africa.

iz zapadne Afrike.

People fear them --

Ljudi ih se boje.

they help the rebellion a lot.

Puno su pomogli pobuni.

They are believed to have magical powers.

Vjeruje se da imaju magične moći.

They can disappear and escape bullets.

Mogu postati nevidljivi i izbjegavati metke.

I went to see a Dozo chief;

Otišao sam do poglavice Dozoa.

he told me about his magical powers.

Koji mi je rekao za svoje magične moći.

He said, "I can chop your head off right away

Rekao je, "Mogu ti odrubiti glavu

and bring you back to life."

pa te vratiti natrag u život."

I said, "Well, maybe we don't have time for this right now."

Ja sam rekao "Pa, možda nemamo vremena baš sad za to."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

"Another time."

"Drugi put."

So back in Abidjan,

Natrag u Abijanu,

I was given a chance to lead a workshop

mi se pružila prilika da vodim seminar

with local cartoonists there

s lokalnim karikaturistima

and I thought, yes,

i pomislih, da,

in a context like this, cartoons can really be used as weapons

u ovakvom kontekstu, karikature mogu poslužiti kao oružje

against the other side.

protiv druge strane.

I mean, the press in Ivory Coast was bitterly divided --

Mislim, mediji su duboko podijeljeni.

it was compared to the media in Rwanda

Usporedili su to s medijima u Ruandi

before the genocide --

prije genocida.

so imagine.

Zamislite.

And what can a cartoonist do?

I što može karikaturist napraviti?

Sometimes editors would tell their cartoonists

Ponekad bi urednici rekli svojim karikaturistima

to draw what they wanted to see,

da nacrtaju ono što žele vidjeti,

and the guy has to feed his family, right?

a čovjek mora prehraniti obitelj, naravno.

So the idea was pretty simple.

Ideja je bila prilično jednostavna.

We brought together cartoonists

Doveli smo karikaturiste

from all sides in Ivory Coast.

sa svih strana Obale bjelokosti.

We took them away from their newspaper for three days.

Odvojili smo ih od njihovih novina na tri dana.

And I asked them to do a project together,

I zamolili ih da naprave jedan projekt zajedno,

tackle the issues affecting their country

hvatajući se u koštac sa stvarima koje se tiču njihove zemlje

in cartoons, yes, in cartoons.

u karikaturi, da, u karikaturi.

Show the positive power of cartoons.

Pokazati pozitivnu moć karikatura.

It's a great tool of communication

To je izvrstan alat za komunikaciju

for bad or for good.

za dobro i zlo.

And cartoons can cross boundaries,

I karikature mogu prelaziti granice,

as you have seen.

kao što ste vidjeli.

And humor is a good way, I think,

A humor je dobar način, mislim

to address serious issues.

da se upozori na ozbiljne probleme.

And I'm very proud of what they did.

Vrlo sam ponosan na ono što su učinili.

I mean, they didn't agree with each other -- that was not the point.

Mislim nisu se slagali jedan s drugim -- to nije bila poanta.

And I didn't ask them to do nice cartoons.

Nisam ih zamolio da rade lijepe karikature.

The first day, they were even shouting at each other.

Prvog su dana čak i vikali jedni na druge.

But they came up with a book,

No iznjedrili su knjigu,

looking back at 13 years

koja gleda 13 godina unatrag

of political crisis in Ivory Coast.

na političke krize na Obali.

So the idea was there.

To mi je bila ideja.

And I've been doing projects like this,

Nastavio sam raditi takve projekte,

in 2009 in Lebanon,

2009. u Libanonu,

this year in Kenya, back in January.

ove godine u Keniji.

In Lebanon, it was not a book.

U Libanonu to nije bila knjiga.

The idea was to have --

Ideja je bila --

the same principal, a divided country --

isti princip, podijeljena zemlja --

take cartoonists from all sides

uzeti karikaturiste sa svih strana

and let them do something together.

i pustiti ih da naprave nešto zajedno.

So in Lebanon,

Tako u Libanonu,

we enrolled the newspaper editors,

unovačili smo urednike novina,

and we got them to publish

i nagovorili da tiskaju

eight cartoonists from all sides all together on the same page,

osam karikatura od svih strana zajedno na istoj stranici,

addressing the issue affecting Lebanon,

koje se tiču problema u Libanonu,

like religion in politics and everyday life.

poput vjere u politici i svakodnevnom životu.

And it worked.

I upalilo je.

For three days, almost all the newspapers of Beirut

Tijekom tri dana, gotovo sve novine u Bejrutu

published all those cartoonists together --

tiskale su sve karikature zajedno --

anti-government,

antivladine,

pro-government,

provladine,

Christian,

kršćanske,

Muslim, of course,

muslimanske, naravno,

English-speaking, well, you name it.

na engleskom, sve što možete zamisliti.

So this was a great project.

To je bio velik projekt.

And then in Kenya, what we did

A u Keniji

was addressing the issue of ethnicity,

smo obratili pažnju na etnički problem,

which is a poison in a lot of places in Africa.

koji je otrov u mnogim mjestima u Africi.

And we did video clips --

Radili smo i video isječke.

you can see them if you go to YouTube/Kenyatoons.

Možete ih pogledati ako odete na YouTube/KenyaTunes.

So, preaching for freedom of speech

Propovijedati slobodu govora

is easy here,

je lako ovdje,

but as you have seen

no kao što ste vidjeli

in contexts of repression or division,

u kontekstu represije ili podjele,

again, what can a cartoonist do?

što može karikaturist napraviti?

He has to keep his job.

Mora zadržati svoj posao.

Well I believe that in any context anywhere,

Vjerujem da u bilo kojem kontekstu bilogdje

he always has the choice at least

barem ima izbor

not to do a cartoon

da ne napravi karikaturu

that will feed hatred.

koja će poticati mržnju.

And that's the message I try to convey to them.

A to je poruka koju im pokušavam prenijeti.

I think we all always have the choice in the end

Mislim da uvijek imamo izbor

not to do the bad thing.

ne napraviti lošu stvar.

But we need to support

No moramo poticati

these independent, critical

te {nejasno}, kritične,

and responsible voices

odgovorne glasove

in Africa, in Lebanon,

u Africi, u Libanonu,

in your local newspaper,

u vašim lokalnim novinama,

in the Apple store.

u Apple trgovini.

Today, tech companies

Danas, tehnološke kompanije

are the world's largest editors.

su najveći urednici.

They decide what is too offensive

Oni odlučuju što je previše uvredljivo

or too provocative for you to see.

previše provokativnim za vas da bi vidjeli.

So really, it's not about the freedom of cartoonists;

Tako da ustvari se ne radi o slobodi karikature;

it's about your freedoms.

radi se o vašim slobodama.

And for dictators all over the world,

A diktatorima cijelog svijeta,

the good news

je uvijek dobra vijest

is when cartoonists,

kad karikaturisti,

journalists and activists shut up.

novinari i aktivisti ušute.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)