How to green the world's deserts and reverse climate change | Allan Savory

Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast

Translator: Jelena Gugic Reviewer: Ivan Stamenkovic

The most massive

Najmasivnija

tsunami perfect storm

savršena oluja cunami

is bearing down upon us.

se svaljuje na nas.

This perfect storm

Savršena oluja

is mounting a grim reality, increasingly grim reality,

montira sve crniju stvarnost

and we are facing that reality

i mi se s njom suočavamo

with the full belief

potpuno uvjereni

that we can solve our problems with technology,

da probleme možemo riješiti tehnologijom

and that's very understandable.

i to je razumljivo.

Now, this perfect storm that we are facing

Ova savršena oluja s kojom se suočavamo

is the result of our rising population,

je rezultat rasta populacije,

rising towards 10 billion people,

koji se kreće ka deset milijardi ljudi,

land that is turning to desert,

zemljišta koje se pretvara u pustinju

and, of course, climate change.

i klimatskih promjena, naravno.

Now there's no question about it at all:

Uopće nije upitno sljedeće:

we will only solve the problem

riješit ćemo problem samo

of replacing fossil fuels with technology.

zamjenom fosilnih goriva tehnologijom.

But fossil fuels, carbon -- coal and gas --

Ali fosilna goriva, ugljik - ugalj i plin -

are by no means the only thing

sigurno nisu jedino

that is causing climate change.

što uzrokuje klimatske promjene.

Desertification

Dezertifikacija

is a fancy word for land that is turning to desert,

je kitnjasta riječ za zemljište pretvoreno u pustinju

and this happens only when

i to se dešava samo kada

we create too much bare ground.

stvorimo previse golog tla.

There's no other cause.

Drugog uzroka nema.

And I intend to focus

Planiram se usredotočiti

on most of the world's land that is turning to desert.

na većinu svjetskog zemljišta koje se pretvara u pustinju.

But I have for you a very simple message

Ali za vas imam veoma jednostavnu poruku

that offers more hope than you can imagine.

koja nudi više nade nego što možete zamisliti.

We have environments

Imamo okruženja

where humidity is guaranteed throughout the year.

gdje je vlaga zajamčena kroz cijelu godinu.

On those, it is almost impossible

Na njima je gotovo nemoguće

to create vast areas of bare ground.

stvoriti ogromna područja golog tla.

No matter what you do, nature covers it up so quickly.

Šta god uradili, priroda to brzo pokrije.

And we have environments

Imamo okruženja

where we have months of humidity

gdje vlažne mjesece

followed by months of dryness,

prate mjeseci suše

and that is where desertification is occurring.

i tu se dezertifikacija dešava.

Fortunately, with space technology now,

Srećom, uz pomoć svemirske tehnologije,

we can look at it from space,

to možemo promatrati iz svemira

and when we do, you can see the proportions fairly well.

i kada to činimo, jako dobro vidimo proporcije.

Generally, what you see in green

Uglavnom, ono što vidite zeleno

is not desertifying,

ne postaje pustinja

and what you see in brown is,

dok smeđi dijelovi postaju,

and these are by far the greatest areas of the Earth.

a to su daleko najveća područja na Zemlji.

About two thirds, I would guess, of the world is desertifying.

Mislim da oko dvije trećine svijeta postaje pustinja.

I took this picture in the Tihamah Desert

Napravio sam ovu fotografiju u pustinji Tihamah

while 25 millimeters -- that's an inch of rain -- was falling.

dok je 25 milimetara kiše padalo - - to je palac kiše.

Think of it in terms of drums of water,

Smatrajte to buradima vode

each containing 200 liters.

od kojih svaki sadrži 200 litara.

Over 1,000 drums of water fell on every hectare

Preko 1000 buradi vode padne na svaki hektar

of that land that day.

tog zemljišta svaki dan.

The next day, the land looked like this.

Sljedećeg je dana zemlja izgledala ovako.

Where had that water gone?

Gdje je voda otišla?

Some of it ran off as flooding,

Nešto je oteklo u obliku poplave

but most of the water that soaked into the soil

ali većina vode koju je zemlja upila

simply evaporated out again,

je ponovo isparila,

exactly as it does in your garden

kao što to čini u bašti

if you leave the soil uncovered.

ako tlo ostavite otkriveno.

Now, because the fate of water and carbon

Zbog sudbinske povezanosti vode i ugljika

are tied to soil organic matter,

s organskom materijom tla,

when we damage soils, you give off carbon.

kada štetimo tlu, ispuštamo ugljik.

Carbon goes back to the atmosphere.

Ugljik se vraća u atmosferu.

Now you're told over and over, repeatedly,

Rečeno vam je više puta

that desertification is only occurring

da se dezertifikacija dešava samo

in arid and semi-arid areas of the world,

u sušnim i polusušnim dijelovima svijeta,

and that tall grasslands like this one

te da su pašnjaci poput ovog

in high rainfall are of no consequence.

u području bogatom oborinama bez posljedica.

But if you do not look at grasslands but look down into them,

Ako ne promatrate pašnjake nego zavirite u njih,

you find that most of the soil in that grassland

vidjet ćete da je većina tla na pašnjaku

that you've just seen is bare and covered with a crust of algae,

koji ste upravo vidjeli, prekrivena korom algi,

leading to increased runoff and evaporation.

koje dovode do otjecanja i isparavanja.

That is the cancer of desertification

Ovo je rak dezertifikacije

that we do not recognize till its terminal form.

koji ne prepoznajemo dok nije u finalnom obliku.

Now we know that desertification is caused by livestock,

Sada znamo da dezertifikaciju uzrokuje stoka,

mostly cattle, sheep and goats,

većinom goveda, ovce i koze,

overgrazing the plants,

koji pojedu biljke

leaving the soil bare and giving off methane.

i ostave golo tlo koje ispušta metan.

Almost everybody knows this,

Skoro svi ovo znaju,

from nobel laureates to golf caddies,

od nobelovaca do početnika,

or was taught it, as I was.

ako ne znaju, nauče kao ja.

Now, the environments like you see here,

Okruženje kakvo vidite ovdje,

dusty environments in Africa where I grew up,

prašnjavo okruženje u Africi gdje sam odrastao

and I loved wildlife,

i volio divlje životinje,

and so I grew up hating livestock

te sam odrastao mrzeći stoku

because of the damage they were doing.

zbog štete koju je uzrokovala.

And then my university education as an ecologist

Moje univerzitetsko školovanje kao ekologa

reinforced my beliefs.

ojačalo je moja uvjerenja.

Well, I have news for you.

Pa, imam novosti za vas.

We were once just as certain

Nekoć smo bili uvjereni

that the world was flat.

da je Zemlja ravna.

We were wrong then, and we are wrong again.

Bili smo u krivu i opet smo u krivu.

And I want to invite you now

Sada vas pozivam

to come along on my journey of reeducation and discovery.

da krenete na moje putovanje reedukacije i otkrića.

When I was a young man,

Dok sam bio mladić,

a young biologist in Africa,

mladi biolog u Africi,

I was involved in setting aside marvelous areas

bio sam uključen u izdvajanje čudesnih područja

as future national parks.

kao budućih nacionalnih parkova.

Now no sooner — this was in the 1950s —

Ranije ne, ali pedesetih,

and no sooner did we remove the hunting,

prije nego smo ukinuli lov,

drum-beating people to protect the animals,

motivisali smo ljude da štite životinje,

than the land began to deteriorate,

onda je zemlja poćela da se raspada,

as you see in this park that we formed.

kao što vidite u parku koji smo formirali.

Now, no livestock were involved,

Stoka nije bila uključena

but suspecting that we had too many elephants now,

ali sumnjali smo da je slonova previše.

I did the research and I proved we had too many,

Nakon što je istraživanje pokazalo da ih ima previše,

and I recommended that we would have to reduce their numbers

preporučio sam smanjenje broja slonova

and bring them down to a level that the land could sustain.

na razinu koju zemljište može izdržati.

Now, that was a terrible decision for me to have to make,

To je bila grozna odluka za donijeti

and it was political dynamite, frankly.

i iskreno, bila je politički dinamit.

So our government formed a team of experts

Tako je naša vlada formirala tim stručnjaka

to evaluate my research.

da procijene moje istraživanje.

They did. They agreed with me,

Procijenili su. Složili su se sa mnom

and over the following years,

i u narednim godinama

we shot 40,000 elephants to try to stop the damage.

smo ubili 40 hiljada slonova pokušavajući zaustaviti štetu.

And it got worse, not better.

Stanje se pogoršalo, a ne popravilo.

Loving elephants as I do,

Obzirom da toliko volim slonove,

that was the saddest and greatest blunder of my life,

ovo je bila najtužnija i najveća greška mog zivota

and I will carry that to my grave.

i to ću odnijeti u grob sa sobom.

One good thing did come out of it.

Iz tog je proizišla jedna dobra stvar.

It made me absolutely determined

To me učinilo apsolutno odlučnim

to devote my life to finding solutions.

da ću posvetiti život pronalasku rješenja.

When I came to the United States, I got a shock,

Kada sam stigao u Sjedinjene Države, šokiralo me

to find national parks like this one

sto su nacionalni parkovi poput ovog

desertifying as badly as anything in Africa.

ubrzano postajali pustinje kao i oni u Africi.

And there'd been no livestock on this land

Stoke na ovoj zemlji nije bilo

for over 70 years.

skoro sedamdeset godina.

And I found that American scientists

Otkrio sam da američki znanstvenici

had no explanation for this

nemaju objašnjenje za to

except that it is arid and natural.

osim da se radi o prirodnom isušivanju.

So I then began looking

Onda sam počeo tražiti

at all the research plots I could

sva istraživana zemljišta koja sam mogao

over the whole of the Western United States

diljem zapadnog dijela Sjedinjenih Država,

where cattle had been removed

gdje je stoka uklonjena

to prove that it would stop desertification,

kako bi dokazali da to zaustavlja dezerifikaciju,

but I found the opposite,

ali otkrio sam suprotno,

as we see on this research station,

kao što vidimo pri ovoj istraživackoj stanici,

where this grassland that was green in 1961,

gdje je pašnjak bio zelen 1961.

by 2002 had changed to that situation.

i do 2002. promijenjen u ovu situaciju.

And the authors of the position paper on climate change

Autori stajališta o klimatskim promjenama

from which I obtained these pictures

od kojih sam dobio ove fotografije

attribute this change to "unknown processes."

pripisuju ovu promjenu "nepoznatim procesima".

Clearly, we have never understood

Očito nikad nismo shvatili

what is causing desertification,

šta uzrokuje dezertifikaciju

which has destroyed many civilizations

koja je uništila mnoge civilizacije

and now threatens us globally.

i sada nam prijeti na globalnoj razini.

We have never understood it.

Nikad to nismo shvatili.

Take one square meter of soil

Jedan kvadratni metar zemljišta

and make it bare like this is down here,

ogoljen kao ovaj ovdje,

and I promise you, you will find it much colder at dawn

bit će mnogo hladniji u zoru

and much hotter at midday

i mnogo topliji u podne,

than that same piece of ground if it's just covered with litter,

nego taj isti dio zemljišta koji je pokriven otpatkom,

plant litter.

biljnim otpatkom.

You have changed the microclimate.

Promijenila se mikroklima.

Now, by the time you are doing that

U isto vrijeme

and increasing greatly the percentage of bare ground

povećava se površina ogoljenog tla

on more than half the world's land,

na više od pola svjetskog zemljišta

you are changing macroclimate.

i mijenja se makroklima.

But we have just simply not understood

Jednostavno nismo razumjeli

why was it beginning to happen 10,000 years ago?

zašto se to počelo dešavati prije 10 hiljada godina?

Why has it accelerated lately?

Zašto se u zadnje vrijeme ubrzava?

We had no understanding of that.

To nismo mogli razumjeti.

What we had failed to understand

Ono što nam je promicalo

was that these seasonal humidity environments of the world,

su ona okruženja u svijetu sa sezonskom vlažnošću

the soil and the vegetation

čije su tlo i vegetacija

developed with very large numbers of grazing animals,

razvijeni uz veliki broj pašnjackih životinja,

and that these grazing animals

a te su pašnjačke životinje

developed with ferocious pack-hunting predators.

razvijene uz žestoke grabežljivce koji love krda.

Now, the main defense against pack-hunting predators

Glavna obrana od grabežljivaca

is to get into herds,

je okupljanje u krda

and the larger the herd, the safer the individuals.

i što je krdo veće, pojedinci su sigurniji.

Now, large herds dung and urinate all over their own food,

Velika krda obavljaju veliku i malu nuždu po vlastitoj hrani

and they have to keep moving,

i moraju se stalno kretati,

and it was that movement

a to je kretanje

that prevented the overgrazing of plants,

spriječilo preveliku ispašu biljaka,

while the periodic trampling

dok je povremeno gaženje

ensured good cover of the soil,

osiguralo dobar pokrov za tlo

as we see where a herd has passed.

kao što vidimo kuda je prošlo stado.

This picture is a typical seasonal grassland.

Na ovoj fotografiji je tipičan sezonski pašnjak.

It has just come through four months of rain,

Nakon četiri mjeseca kiše

and it's now going into eight months of dry season.

počinje osam mjeseci duga suha sezona.

And watch the change as it goes into this long dry season.

Pogledajte prelazak u dugu suhu sezonu.

Now, all of that grass you see aboveground

Sva površinska trava koju vidite

has to decay biologically

prirodno trune

before the next growing season, and if it doesn't,

prije sljedeće sezone rasta, a ako ne istrune,

the grassland and the soil begin to die.

pašnjak i tlo umiru.

Now, if it does not decay biologically,

Ako prirodno ne istrune,

it shifts to oxidation, which is a very slow process,

počinje oksidiacija, koja je veoma spor proces,

and this smothers and kills grasses,

koja guši i ubija travu,

leading to a shift to woody vegetation

vodi promjeni u drvenastu vegetaciju

and bare soil, releasing carbon.

i golo tlo koje ispušta ugljik.

To prevent that, we have traditionally used fire.

Za sprječavanje toga tradicionalno smo koristili vatru.

But fire also leaves the soil bare, releasing carbon,

Ali i vatra ostavlja golo tlo koje onda ispusta ugljik,

and worse than that,

a što je jos gore,

burning one hectare of grassland

paljenje pašnjaka veličine jednog hektra

gives off more, and more damaging, pollutants

zagađuje više i štetnije

than 6,000 cars.

od 6 hiljada automobila.

And we are burning in Africa, every single year,

A svake godine u Africi se pali

more than one billion hectares of grasslands,

više od jedne milijarde hektara pašnjaka

and almost nobody is talking about it.

i gotovo niko o tome ne govori.

We justify the burning, as scientists,

Opravdavamo paljenje, kao naučnici,

because it does remove the dead material

jer uklanja mrtvi materijal

and it allows the plants to grow.

i dozvoljava rast biljkama.

Now, looking at this grassland of ours that has gone dry,

Ako pogledamo naše pašnjake koji se suše,

what could we do to keep that healthy?

šta možemo učiniti da ih održimo zdravima?

And bear in mind, I'm talking of most of the world's land now.

Imajte na umu da govorim o većini svjetskog zemljišta.

Okay? We cannot reduce animal numbers to rest it more

OK? Ne možemo smanjivati broj životinja kako bi odmorili tlo

without causing desertification and climate change.

bez uzrokovanja dezertifikacije i klimatskih promjena.

We cannot burn it without causing

Ne možemo ga spaliti bez uzrokovanja

desertification and climate change.

dezertifikacije i klimatskih promjena.

What are we going to do?

Šta ćemo onda učiniti?

There is only one option,

Imamo samo jednu mogućnost,

I'll repeat to you, only one option

ponavljam, samo je jedna mogućnost ostala

left to climatologists and scientists,

na raspolaganju klimatolozima i naučnicima,

and that is to do the unthinkable,

a to je da naprave nezamislivo

and to use livestock,

i da koriste stoku,

bunched and moving,

koja se kreće u grupi,

as a proxy for former herds and predators,

kao zamjenu za nekadašnja krda i predatore

and mimic nature.

te oponašaju prirodu.

There is no other alternative left to mankind.

Čovječanstvo je ostalo bez alternative.

So let's do that.

Uradimo to onda.

So on this bit of grassland, we'll do it, but just in the foreground.

Uradit ćemo to na ovom dijelu pašnjaka ali samo prednjem dijelu.

We'll impact it very heavily with cattle to mimic nature,

Snažno ćemo utjecati pomoću stoke koja oponaša prirodu.

and we've done so, and look at that.

Učinili smo tako i pogledajte to.

All of that grass is now covering the soil

Sva ta trava sada pokriva tlo

as dung, urine and litter or mulch,

kao izmet, urin, otpad ili nagrnuta zemlja,

as every one of the gardeners amongst you would understand,

kao što je jasno svakom vrtlaru

and that soil is ready to absorb and hold the rain,

i to je tlo spremno da upija i čuva kišu,

to store carbon, and to break down methane.

da skladišti ugljik i razgrađuje metan.

And we did that,

Uradili smo to

without using fire to damage the soil,

bez korištenja vatre koja oštećuje tlo

and the plants are free to grow.

i biljke mogu slobodno rasti.

When I first realized

Kada sam tek shvatio

that we had no option as scientists

da kao naučnici nemamo izbora

but to use much-vilified livestock

nego koristiti pripitomljenu stoku

to address climate change and desertification,

za rješavanje problema klimatskih promjena i širenja pustinje,

I was faced with a real dilemma.

bio sam suočen sa stvarnom dilemom.

How were we to do it?

Kako bi to trebali učiniti?

We'd had 10,000 years of extremely knowledgeable pastoralists

Imali smo izuzetno obrazovane stočare 10 hiljada godina

bunching and moving their animals,

koji su kretali svoje životinje

but they had created the great manmade deserts of the world.

ali su stvorili velike svjetske pustinje.

Then we'd had 100 years of modern rain science,

Onda smo sto godina imali modernu znanost o kiši

and that had accelerated desertification,

i to je ubrzalo dezertifikaciju,

as we first discovered in Africa

što smo otkrili u Africi

and then confirmed in the United States,

i onda potvrdili u Sjedinjenim Državama

and as you see in this picture

kao što možete vidjeti na ovim fotografijama

of land managed by the federal government.

zemljišta kojim je upravljala federalna vlada.

Clearly more was needed

Očito je bilo potrebno više

than bunching and moving the animals,

od okupljanja i kretanja životinja

and humans, over thousands of years,

te ljudi tisućama godina

had never been able to deal with nature's complexity.

nisu bili u stanju da se nose sa složenošću prirode.

But we biologists and ecologists

Mi biolozi i ekolozi

had never tackled anything as complex as this.

nikad nismo rješavali ništa ovako složeno.

So rather than reinvent the wheel,

Dakle, umjesto da otkrivam toplu vodu,

I began studying other professions to see if anybody had.

počeo sam istraživati druga zanimanja da vidim da li je tko.

And I found there were planning techniques

Otkrio sam da postoje tehnike planiranja

that I could take and adapt to our biological need,

koje bih mogao prilagoditi našim biološkim potrebama

and from those I developed what we call

i od onih koje sam razvio i koje zovemo

holistic management and planned grazing,

holističko upravljanje i planiranje ispaše,

a planning process,

proces planiranja

and that does address all of nature's complexity

odnosi se na rješavanje složenosti prirode

and our social, environmental, economic complexity.

i naše društvene, ekološke i ekonomske složenosti.

Today, we have young women like this one

Danas imamo mlade žene poput ove

teaching villages in Africa

koja podučava u selima u Africi

how to put their animals together into larger herds,

kako okupiti životinje u veća stada,

plan their grazing to mimic nature,

isplanirati njihovu ispašu da liči na prirodnu

and where we have them hold their animals overnight --

i gdje životinje drže preko noći

we run them in a predator-friendly manner,

zadržavamo ih bez grabežljivaca

because we have a lot of lands, and so on --

zato što imamo mnogo zemlje i tako dalje -

and where they do this and hold them overnight

gdje ovo čine i zadržavaju je preko noći

to prepare the crop fields,

kako bi pripremili polje za usjeve

we are getting very great increases in crop yield as well.

i dobiju velike prinose usjeva također.

Let's look at some results.

Pogledajmo neke rezultate.

This is land close to land that we manage in Zimbabwe.

Ovo je zemljište blizu onog kojim se bavimo u Zimbabveu.

It has just come through four months of very good rains

Upravo je završio period kiša koji traje četiri mjeseca

it got that year, and it's going into the long dry season.

i počinje duga sezona suše.

But as you can see, all of that rain, almost of all it,

Kao što možete vidjeti, sva kiša, skoro sva kiša

has evaporated from the soil surface.

je isparila iz površine tla.

Their river is dry despite the rain just having ended,

Rijeka je suha iako su kiše tek stale,

and we have 150,000 people

a imamo 150 hiljada ljudi

on almost permanent food aid.

koji gotovo stalno primaju pomoć u hrani.

Now let's go to our land nearby on the same day,

Sada idemo na našu zemlju, na isti dan,

with the same rainfall, and look at that.

uz istu količinu padalina i pogledajte to.

Our river is flowing and healthy and clean.

Naša rijeka teče i zdrava i čista.

It's fine.

U redu je.

The production of grass, shrubs, trees, wildlife,

Rast trave, grmlja, drveća i životinjskog svijeta,

everything is now more productive,

sve je produktivnije

and we have virtually no fear of dry years.

i gotovo nema straha od sušnih godina.

And we did that by increasing the cattle and goats

To smo učinili povećanjem broja koza i stoke

400 percent,

za 400 posto,

planning the grazing to mimic nature

planiranjem ispaše koja liči prirodnoj

and integrate them with all the elephants, buffalo,

i integracijom sa slonovima, bizonima,

giraffe and other animals that we have.

žirafama i drugim životinjama koje imamo.

But before we began, our land looked like that.

Prije nego sto smo počeli, naša je zemlja ovako izgledala.

This site was bare and eroding for over 30 years

Ovo je mjesto golo i erodira zadnjih 30 godina

regardless of what rain we got.

bez obzira na količinu kiše koja padne.

Okay? Watch the marked tree and see the change

OK? Gledajte označeno drvo i uočite promjenu

as we use livestock to mimic nature.

otkako koristimo stoku koja oponaša prirodu.

This was another site

Ovo je druga lokacija

where it had been bare and eroding,

gdje se dešavalo ogoljenje i erozija,

and at the base of the marked small tree,

a u podnožju označenog malog drveta

we had lost over 30 centimeters of soil. Okay?

izgubili smo preko 30 cm tla. OK?

And again, watch the change

Ponovo, gledajte promjenu

just using livestock to mimic nature.

izazvanu samo korištenjem stoke.

And there are fallen trees in there now,

Vidite oboreno drveće

because the better land is now attracting elephants, etc.

jer bolje zemljište privlači slonove itd.

This land in Mexico was in terrible condition,

Ovo zemljište u Meksiku je bilo u strašnom stanju

and I've had to mark the hill

i morali smo označiti brdo

because the change is so profound.

jer je promjena tako iznimna.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

I began helping a family in the Karoo Desert in the 1970s

Sedamdesetih sam počeo pomagati porodici u pustini Karoo

turn the desert that you see on the right there

da pretvore pustinju koju vidite desno

back to grassland,

nazad u pašnjak

and thankfully, now their grandchildren are on the land

i srećom, njihovi su unuci na zemlji

with hope for the future.

s nadom za budućnost.

And look at the amazing change in this one,

Pogledajte ovu nevjerovatnu promjenu,

where that gully has completely healed

gdje je jaruga potpuno zacjelila

using nothing but livestock mimicking nature,

samo uz pomoć stoke koja oponaša prirodu.

and once more, we have the third generation of that family

Još jednom, imamo treću generaciju te porodice

on that land with their flag still flying.

na zemlji gdje se još uvijek vijori njihova zastava.

The vast grasslands of Patagonia

Golemi pašnjaci Patagonije

are turning to desert as you see here.

se pretvaraju u pustinje, kao što vidite.

The man in the middle is an Argentinian researcher,

Čovjek u sredini je argentinski istraživač

and he has documented the steady decline of that land

koji je dokumentovao stalno propadanje tog tla

over the years as they kept reducing sheep numbers.

tijekom godina dok su konstantno reducirali broj ovaca.

They put 25,000 sheep in one flock,

Stavili su 25 hiljada ovaca u jedno stado,

really mimicking nature now with planned grazing,

uistinu oponašajući prirodu s planiranjem ispaše

and they have documented a 50-percent increase

i zabilježili su povećanje od 50 posto

in the production of the land in the first year.

u proizvodnji tijekom prve godine.

We now have in the violent Horn of Africa

Nasilni stočari afričkog roga

pastoralists planning their grazing to mimic nature

planiraju svoje ispaše oponašajući prirodu

and openly saying it is the only hope they have

i otvoreno kažu da je to jedina nada koju imaju

of saving their families and saving their culture.

da spase svoje porodice i očuvaju svoju kulturu.

Ninety-five percent of that land

95 posto zemlje

can only feed people from animals.

se prehranjuje od životinja.

I remind you that I am talking about

Podsjećam vas da govorim

most of the world's land here that controls our fate,

o većini svjetskog zemljišta koje kontroliše nasu sudbinu,

including the most violent region of the world,

uključujući najnasilnije dijelove svijeta,

where only animals can feed people

gdje samo životinje mogu hraniti ljude

from about 95 percent of the land.

od oko 95 posto zemlje.

What we are doing globally is causing climate change

Ono sto činimo uzrokuje klimatske promjene

as much as, I believe, fossil fuels,

jednako kao i fosilna goriva,

and maybe more than fossil fuels.

ako ne i više od fosilnih goriva.

But worse than that, it is causing hunger, poverty,

Gore od toga, uzrokuje glad, siromaštvo,

violence, social breakdown and war,

nasilje, društvene kolapse i rat.

and as I am talking to you,

Dok vam ovo govorim,

millions of men, women and children

milioni muškaraca, žena i djece

are suffering and dying.

pate i umiru.

And if this continues,

Ako se ovo nastavi,

we are unlikely to be able to stop the climate changing,

nećemo moći zaustaviti klimatske promjene

even after we have eliminated the use of fossil fuels.

čak i kada eliminiramo korištenje fosilnih goriva.

I believe I've shown you how we can work with nature

Vjrujem da sam vam pokazao kako možemo surađivati s prirodom

at very low cost

uz veoma mali trošak

to reverse all this.

kako bi sve ovo preokrenuli.

We are already doing so

Mi to već radimo

on about 15 million hectares

na oko 15 miliona hektara

on five continents,

na 5 kontinenata

and people who understand

i ljudi koji znaju

far more about carbon than I do

o ugljiku daleko više od mene

calculate that, for illustrative purposes,

su izračunali, za ilustrativne svrhe,

if we do what I am showing you here,

da ako budemo radili ovo što vam pokazujem,

we can take enough carbon out of the atmosphere

možemo osloboditi dovoljno ugljika iz atmosfere

and safely store it in the grassland soils

i sigurno ga skladištiti u tlu pašnjaka

for thousands of years,

tisućama godina

and if we just do that on about half the world's grasslands

i ako to učinimo na polovini svjetskih pašnjaka

that I've shown you,

koja sam vam pokazao

we can take us back to pre-industrial levels,

možemo se vratiti na predindustrijski nivo

while feeding people.

te nahraniti ljude.

I can think of almost nothing

Ne mogu se sjetiti ničega

that offers more hope for our planet,

što nudi više nade za našu planetu,

for your children,

za našu djecu,

and their children, and all of humanity.

njihovu djecu i ukupno čovjecanstvo.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Thank you. (Applause)

Hvala. (Pljesak)

Thank you, Chris.

Hvala, Kris.

Chris Anderson: Thank you. I have,

Kris Anderson: Ja imam

and I'm sure everyone here has,

i siguran sam da svi ovdje imaju

A) a hundred questions, B) wants to hug you.

a) sto pitanja i b) zelju da te zagrle.

I'm just going to ask you one quick question.

Postavit ću ti samo jedno brzo pitanje.

When you first start this and you bring in a flock of animals,

Kada počnete s ovim i dovedete prvo stado životinja

it's desert. What do they eat? How does that part work?

u pustinju. Šta jedu? Kako taj dio funkcionira?

How do you start?

Kako počinjete?

Allan Savory: Well, we have done this for a long time,

Allan S.: Ovo radimo dugo vremena

and the only time we have ever had to provide any feed

i jedino smo morali osigurati hranu

is during mine reclamation,

tijekom melioracije tla

where it's 100 percent bare.

u slučaju kada je 100 posto golo.

But many years ago, we took the worst land in Zimbabwe,

Prije mnogo godina, uzeli smo najgore zemljište u Zimbabveu,

where I offered a £5 note

gdje sam ponudio pet funti

in a hundred-mile drive

u vožnji dugoj više od 150 km

if somebody could find one grass

onome ko pronađe vlat trave

in a hundred-mile drive,

u vožnji dugoj više od 150 km.

and on that, we trebled the stocking rate,

Na tom području smo utrostručili stočni fond

the number of animals, in the first year with no feeding,

u prvoj godini bez hranjenja,

just by the movement, mimicking nature,

samo kroz kretanje i oponašanje prirode,

and using a sigmoid curve, that principle.

te korištenje principa sigmoidne krivulje.

It's a little bit technical to explain here, but just that.

Malo je tehnički da bih objasnio ovdje, ali toliko.

CA: Well, I would love to -- I mean, this such an interesting and important idea.

KA: Volio bih da objasnite, ovo je tako interesantna i važna ideja.

The best people on our blog are going to come and talk to you

Naši blogeri dolaze razgovarati s Vama

and try and -- I want to get more on this

i pokušati izvući što više o ovome

that we could share along with the talk.AS: Wonderful.

kako bi mogli dalje dijeliti uz ovaj govor. AS: Predivno.

CA: That is an astonishing talk, truly an astonishing talk,

KA: Ovo je nevjerovatan govor, zaista nevjerovatan govor.

and I think you heard that we all are cheering you on your way.

Mislim da ste čuli da svi navijamo za vas.

Thank you so much.AS: Well, thank you. Thank you. Thank you, Chris.

Puno Vam hvala. AS: Hvala vama. Hvala. Hvala, Kris.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)