What really happens to the plastic you throw away - Emma Bryce

4,999,698 views ・ 2015-04-21

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Jihyeon J. Kim κ²€ν† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:06
This is the story of three plastic bottles,
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이것은 μ„Έ 가지 ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± 병이 μ“°κ³  λ‚˜μ„œ λ²„λ €μ§€λŠ” μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:09
empty and discarded.
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00:11
Their journeys are about to diverge
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κ·Έ 여정이 우리 μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ 운λͺ…을 κ²°μ •ν•  λ§Œν•œ
00:13
with outcomes that impact nothing less than the fate of the planet.
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κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
But they weren't always this way.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 항상 κ·Έλ ‡μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
To understand where these bottles end up, we must first explore their origins.
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ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± λ³‘μ˜ 끝을 μ•Œλ €λ©΄ λ¨Όμ € μ‹œμž‘μ„ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
The heroes of our story were conceived in this oil refinery.
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ 주인곡은 μ •μœ κ³΅μž₯μ—μ„œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
The plastic in their bodies
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ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± λͺΈμ²΄κ°€
00:31
was formed by chemically bonding oil and gas molecules together
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μ„μœ μ™€ κ°€μŠ€λΆ„μžλ₯Ό 화학적 κ²°ν•©μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄
00:35
to make monomers.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄λ‘œ ν˜•μ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
In turn, these monomers were bonded into long polymer chains to make plastic
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λ‹€μŒμ— 이 λ‹¨μœ„μ²΄λŠ” κΈ΄ 폴리머 μ‚¬μŠ¬λ‘œ κ²°ν•©λ˜μ–΄
00:43
in the form of millions of pellets.
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수 백만개 μ•Œκ°±μ΄μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
Those were melted at manufacturing plants and reformed in molds
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그것을 제쑰곡μž₯μ—μ„œ λ…Ήμ—¬ 틀을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄
00:50
to create the resilient material that makes up the triplets' bodies.
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μ‚Όμ€‘μ²΄λ‘œ 된 탄λ ₯μ„±μžˆλŠ” λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:55
Machines filled the bottles with sweet bubbily liquid
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톡에닀 λ‹¬μ½€ν•˜κ³  ν™”λ €ν•œ 앑체λ₯Ό μ±„μ›Œ
00:58
and they were then wrapped, shipped, bought, opened, consumed
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포μž₯ν•˜κ³  λ°°μ†‘ν•œ ν›„ κ°œλ΄‰ν•˜μ—¬ μ†ŒλΉ„ν•œ λ‹€μŒ
01:02
and unceremoniously discarded.
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λ¬΄μ‹¬ν•˜κ²Œ λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
And now here they lie,
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이제 μ—¬κΈ° ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±λ“€ μ΄λ―Έμ§€μ˜ 끝단에 μ„œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
poised at the edge of the unknown.
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01:10
Bottle one, like hundreds of millions of tons of his plastic brethren,
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1번 톡이 λ‹€λ₯Έ 수 μ–΅κ°œμ˜ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± ν˜•μ œλ“€μ²˜λŸΌ λ§€λ¦½μ§€λ‘œ κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
ends up in a landfill.
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01:16
This huge dump expands each day
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μ–‘μ˜ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°κ°€ 맀일 계속 μŒ“μ—¬ 계속 곡간을 μ±„μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
as more trash comes in and continues to take up space.
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01:23
As plastics sit there being compressed amongst layers of other junk,
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ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€κ³Ό 측측이 μ••μΆ•λ˜κ³ 
01:27
rainwater flows through the waste
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빗물이 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ“€ 사이λ₯Ό 흐λ₯΄λ©΄μ„œ
01:30
and absorbs the water-soluble compounds it contains,
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ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ— μžˆλŠ” μˆ˜μš©μ„± λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ ν‘μˆ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ–΄λ–€ 것은 맀우 독성이 κ°•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
and some of those are highly toxic.
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01:36
Together, they create a harmful stew called leachate,
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그것이 침좜수라고 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” ν•΄λ‘œμš΄ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ μƒμ„±ν•˜μ—¬
01:41
which can move into groundwater, soil and streams,
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μ§€ν•˜μˆ˜, ν† μ–‘, κ°•μœΌλ‘œ 흘러 λ“€μ–΄κ°€
01:44
poisoning ecosystems and harming wildlife.
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μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό 망치고 생물듀을 ν•΄μΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
1번 병이 λΆ„ν•΄λ˜λ €λ©΄ 고된 μ²œλ…„μ˜ 세월이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
It can take bottle one an agonizing 1,000 years to decompose.
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01:54
Bottle two's journey is stranger but, unfortunately, no happier.
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2번 병은 λ”μš± μ΄μƒν•˜κ³  μ• μ„ν•˜κ²Œλ„ λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œ λλ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
He floats on a trickle that reaches a stream,
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그것은 κ°• 지λ₯˜λ₯Ό 따라 λ– λ‹€λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
a stream that flows into a river,
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κ°•μœΌλ‘œ 흘러 λ“€μ–΄κ°€λŠ” 길이죠.
02:03
and a river that reaches the ocean.
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강은 λ°”λ‹€λ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
After months lost at sea,
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수 κ°œμ›”λ™μ•ˆ λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ 헀맀닀
02:08
he's slowly drawn into a massive vortex, where trash accumulates,
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μ“°λ ˆκΈ°κ°€ μŒ“μΈ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ μ†Œμš©λŒμ΄ μ†μœΌλ‘œ 천천히 λΉ¨λ €λ“€μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
a place known as the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.
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"κ±°λŒ€ νƒœν‰μ–‘ μ“°λ ˆκΈ° ꡬ역"으둜 μ•Œλ €μ§„ κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
Here the ocean's currents have trapped millions of pieces of plastic debris.
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λ°”λ‹€μ˜ μ‘°λ₯˜κ°€ 수 백만 쑰각의 μ“°λ ˆκΈ° 쑰각듀을 λΉ¨μ•„λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
This is one of five plastic-filled gyres in the world's seas.
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μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” λ‹€μ„― ꡰ데의 ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ΄ κ°€λ“ν•œ μ†Œμš©λŒμ΄ λ°”λ‹€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
Places where the pollutants turn the water into a cloudy plastic soup.
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μ˜€μ—Όλ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄ 바닷물을 λΏŒμ—° ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± μ•ˆκ°œλ‘œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Some animals, like seabirds, get entangled in the mess.
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λ°”λ‹€μƒˆκ°™μ€ 동물듀이 κ±°κΈ°μ„œ λ’€μ—‰ν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
They, and others, mistake the brightly colored plastic bits for food.
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동물듀이 ν˜„λž€ν•œ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± 쑰각을 먹이둜 μ°©κ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
Plastic makes them feel full when they're not,
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ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ€ 싀은 λ°°λΆ€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•Šμ€λ° ν¬λ§Œκ°μ„ 느끼게 ν•΄μ„œ
02:44
so they starve to death
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κ΅Άμ–΄ 죽게 되고, λ¨Ήμ΄μ‚¬μŠ¬μ„ 톡해 μœ„λ‘œ λ…μ„±λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ νΌλœ¨λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
and pass the toxins from the plastic up the food chain.
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02:50
For example, it's eaten by lanternfish,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μƒ›λΉ„λŠ˜μΉ˜κ³ κΈ°κ°€ 먹으면 그것을 μ˜€μ§•μ–΄κ°€ λ¨Ήκ³ 
02:52
the lanternfish are eaten by squid,
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μ˜€μ§•μ–΄λ₯Ό μ°ΈμΉ˜κ°€ λ¨Ήκ³  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 참치λ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
the squid are eaten by tuna,
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02:57
and the tuna are eaten by us.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±μ€ 생물뢄해가 λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
And most plastics don't biodegrade,
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03:02
which means they're destined to break down into smaller and smaller pieces
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즉, 'λ―Έμ„Έ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±'μ΄λΌλŠ” μž‘μ€ 쑰각으둜 계속 μͺΌκ°œμ Έμ„œ
03:06
called micro plastics,
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03:08
which might rotate in the sea eternally.
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λ°”λ‹€μ—μ„œ μ˜μ›νžˆ λ– λŒμ•„λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:12
But bottle three is spared the cruel purgatories of his brothers.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 3번 병은 그의 ν˜•μ œλ“€μ΄ κ°–νžŒ κ°€ν˜Ήν•œ 지μ˜₯μ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•„λ‚¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:17
A truck brings him to a plant
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νŠΈλŸ­μ— μ‹€λ € 곡μž₯에 κ°€λ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ™λ£Œ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹±κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜
03:19
where he and his companions are squeezed flat
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λ‚©μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ 눌렀 λ©μ–΄λ¦¬λ‘œ μ••μΆ•λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
and compressed into a block.
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03:24
Okay, this sounds pretty bad, too, but hang in there.
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이것도 λ³„λ‘œ 쒋지 μ•Šκ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬κ² μ§€λ§Œ 쑰금만 μ°ΈμœΌμ„Έμš”.
03:27
It gets better.
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ μ’‹μ•„μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
The blocks are shredded into tiny pieces,
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이 덩어리가 μž‘μ€ 쑰각으둜 잘렀 μ„Έμ²™λ˜κ³  μš©ν•΄λ˜μ–΄
03:32
which are washed and melted,
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03:33
so they become the raw materials that can be used again.
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λ‹€μ‹œ μ‚¬μš©κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μ›μžμž¬κ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
As if by magic, bottle three is now ready to be reborn
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마치 마술처럼 3번 병은 μ™„μ „νžˆ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μž¬νƒ„μƒ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
as something completely new.
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03:44
For this bit of plastic with such humble origins,
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μž‘μ€ ν”ŒλΌμŠ€ν‹± 쑰각의 λ―Έμ²œν•œ μ‹œμž‘μ€ κ°‘μžκΈ° λ¬΄μ œν•œμ˜ κ°€λŠ₯성을 κ°€μ§€κ²Œ 되죠.
03:47
suddenly the sky is the limit.
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이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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