How to manage your emotions

2,260,759 views ใƒป 2023-02-16

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: zeeva livshitz ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:06
You and your friend need to ace Fridayโ€™s exam to avoid summer classes,
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ืืชื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉื™ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืงื•ืจืกื™ ืงื™ืฅ,
00:11
and after a week of studying, you both feel confident that you pulled it off.
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื, ืฉื ื™ื›ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืฆืœื—ืชื.
00:16
But when you get your grades back,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”,
00:18
theyโ€™re much lower than the two of you expected.
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ื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžื•ื›ื™ื ืžืžื” ืฉืฉื ื™ื›ื ืฆื™ืคื™ืชื.
00:21
Youโ€™re devastated.
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ืืชื ื”ืจื•ืกื™ื.
00:22
However, your friend doesn't seem too bothered,
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ืขื ื–ืืช, ื”ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื ืจืื” ืžื•ื˜ืจื“ ืžื“ื™,
00:25
and it's making you wonder why you can't shake this off like they can.
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ื•ื–ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ื ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืœืžื” ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชื ืขืจ ืžื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ.
00:29
But should you really be trying to look on the bright side?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™?
00:32
And is controlling our emotions even possible in the first place?
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื”?
00:37
The answer to the last question is a definitive โ€œyes.โ€
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืฉืืœื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื โ€œื›ืŸโ€ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜.
00:41
There are numerous strategies for regulating our emotions,
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœื•ื•ื™ืกื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
00:44
and one framework to understand these techniques is called the Process Model.
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ื•ืžืกื’ืจืช ืื—ืช ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ื ืงืจืืช ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
00:49
Psychologists use this tool to identify where and how to intervene
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ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื–ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืื™ืคื” ื•ืื™ืš ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘
00:54
in the process that forms our emotions.
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ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•.
00:57
That process has four steps:
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ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื:
00:59
first, we enter a situation, real or imagined,
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืื ื• ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืžืฆื‘, ืืžื™ืชื™ ืื• ืžื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ,
01:03
and that draws our attention.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื•ืฉืš ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ืœื™ื‘ื ื•.
01:06
Then we evaluate, or appraise, the situation
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ื•ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื•ื—ื ื™ื, ืื• ืžืขืจื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘
01:09
and whether it helps or hinders our goals.
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ื•ื”ืื ื–ื” ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื• ืžืขื›ื‘ ืื•ืชืŸ.
01:12
Finally, this appraisal leads to a set of changes in how we feel, think, and behave,
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื–ื• ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืกื˜ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ื• ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื, ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชื ื”ื’ื™ื,
01:18
known as an emotional response.
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ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ื›ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ืจื’ืฉื™ืช.
01:21
Each step of this process offers an opportunity to consciously intervene
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ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื–ื” ืžืฆื™ืข ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืจื‘ ื‘ืžื•ื“ืข
01:26
and change our emotions,
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ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:28
and the Process Model outlines what strategies we might try at each phase.
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ื•ืžื•ื“ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืžืชืืจ ืžื”ืŸ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืœื‘.
01:33
To see this in action, letโ€™s imagine youโ€™ve been invited to the same party
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”, ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื–ืžื ืชื ืœืื•ืชื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื”
01:37
as your least-favorite ex and their new partner.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ื”ืืงืก ื”ื›ื™ ืคื—ื•ืช ืื”ื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื›ื ื•ื‘ืŸ ื”ื–ื•ื’ ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœื”ื.
01:41
Your first strategy could be avoiding the situation altogether
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ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ ื‘ื›ืœืœ
01:45
by skipping the party.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืœื•ื’ ืขืœ ื”ืžืกื™ื‘ื”.
01:47
But if you do attend, you could also try modifying the situation
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืืชื ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘
01:52
by choosing not to interact with your ex.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืœื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงืฆื™ื” ืขื ื”ืืงืก ืฉืœื›ื.
01:55
If thatโ€™s proving difficult, you might want to shift your attention,
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ืื ื–ื” ืžืชื’ืœื” ื›ืงืฉื”, ืื•ืœื™ ืชืจืฆื• ืœื”ืกื™ื˜ ืืช ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื,
01:59
maybe by playing a game with your friends
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ืื•ืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื
02:01
rather than focusing on your exโ€™s new partner.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ื”ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืงืก ืฉืœื›ื.
02:03
Another option would be to re-evaluate how you think about the situation.
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ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืื™ืš ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘.
02:09
After seriously reappraising things,
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ืœืื—ืจ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
02:11
you might realize that you donโ€™t care who your ex dates.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืฉืœื ืื›ืคืช ืœื›ื ืขื ืžื™ ื”ืืงืกื™ื ืฉืœืš ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื.
ืื ืืฃ ืื—ืช ืžื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืœื ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช,
02:15
If none of these strategies work,
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02:16
you can always try tempering your emotional response after the fact.
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ืืชื ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื˜ื”ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืœืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื”.
02:21
But this can be tricky.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื™ื™ืชื™.
02:23
Many of the easiest ways to do this,
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ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื”ืงืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช,
02:25
like hiding your emotions or trying to change them with recreational drugs,
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ื›ืžื• ืœื”ืกืชื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืื• ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืขื ืกืžื™ื ืงืœื™ื,
02:30
generally lead to more negative feelings and health concerns in the long term.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืœืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื“ืื’ื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš.
02:35
More sustainable strategies here include going for a long walk,
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ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืช ืงื™ื™ืžื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืืŸ ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื™ืฆื™ืื” ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืืจื•ืš,
02:39
taking slow, deep breaths, or talking with someone in your support system.
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ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช, ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืชืžื™ื›ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
02:44
While using all these strategies well takes practice,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืชืจื’ื•ืœ,
02:47
learning to notice your emotions
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ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
02:49
and reflect on where theyโ€™re coming from is half the battle.
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ื•ืœื”ืจื”ืจ ืžื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื–ื” ื—ืฆื™ ืžื”ืงืจื‘.
02:52
And once youโ€™ve truly internalized that you can regulate your emotions,
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ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ืคื ืžืชื ืžืžืฉ ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื•ื•ืกืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
02:57
doing so becomes much easier.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืœ.
02:59
But should you use these techniques to constantly maintain a good mood?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืื ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื™ืงื•ืช ืืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ื˜ื•ื‘?
03:04
That answer depends on how you define what makes a mood โ€œgood.โ€
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจื™ื ืžื” ื”ื•ืคืš ืžืฆื‘ ืจื•ื— ืœโ€œื˜ื•ื‘โ€œ.
03:09
It's tempting to think we should always try to avoid sadness and frustration,
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ื–ื” ืžืคืชื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืชืžื™ื“ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืขืฆื‘ ื•ืชืกื›ื•ืœ,
03:13
but no emotion is inherently good or badโ€”
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื•ื ืจื’ืฉ ืื™ื ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื• ืจืข ืžื˜ื‘ืขื• -
03:17
theyโ€™re either helpful or unhelpful depending on the situation.
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ื”ื ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืื• ืœื ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืžืฆื‘.
03:21
For example, if a friend is telling you about the loss of a loved one,
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ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ื—ื‘ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืœืš ืขืœ ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืื“ื ืื”ื•ื‘,
03:25
feeling and expressing sadness isnโ€™t just appropriate,
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ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืข ืขืฆื‘ ืœื ืจืง ืžืชืื™ื,
03:29
it can help you empathize and support them.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœื”ื–ื“ื”ื•ืช ื•ืœืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื”ื.
03:32
Conversely, while itโ€™s unhealthy to regularly ignore your emotions,
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืขืœื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
03:36
forcing a smile to get through a one-time annoyance is perfectly reasonable.
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ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื˜ืจื“ ื—ื“ ืคืขืžื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื•ืš ืžืื•ืœืฅ ื–ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ื ื™ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ
03:42
We hear a lot of mixed messages about emotions.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืขืœ ืจื’ืฉื•ืช.
03:45
Some pressure us to stay upbeat
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ื—ืœืงืŸ ืœื•ื—ืฆื•ืช ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื
03:48
while others tell us to simply take our emotions as they come.
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืื—ืจื•ืช ืื•ืžืจื•ืช ืœื ื• ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื.
03:51
But in reality, each person has to find their own balance.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช, ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืื™ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•.
03:55
So if the question is: โ€œshould you always try to be happy?โ€
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ืื– ืื ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ื™ื: โ€œื”ืื ืืชื” ืชืžื™ื“ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ืฉืจ?โ€
04:00
The answer is no.
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื.
04:01
Studies suggest that people fixated on happiness
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ืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืžืจืื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืงื•ื‘ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืื•ืฉืจ
04:04
often experience secondary negative emotions,
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ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ืœื™ื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื™ื,
04:06
like guilt,
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ื›ืžื• ืืฉืžื”,
04:08
or frustration over being upset,
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ืื• ืชืกื›ื•ืœ ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื ืกืขืจื™ื,
04:11
and disappointment that they don't feel happier.
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ื•ืื›ื–ื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:14
This doesn't mean you should let sadness or anger take over.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชืช ืœืขืฆื‘ ืื• ืœื›ืขืก ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜.
ืื‘ืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ืžื—ื“ืฉ
04:18
But strategies like reappraisal can help you re-evaluate
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04:21
your thoughts about a situation,
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ืืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฆื‘,
04:23
allowing you to accept that you feel sad
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ืžืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื›ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืขืฆื•ื‘ื™ื
04:26
and cultivate hope that things will get better.
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ื•ืœื˜ืคื— ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื™ืฉืชืคืจื•.

Original video on YouTube.com
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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