Susan Graham: A new way to restore Earth's biodiversity -- from the air | TED

79,849 views ・ 2021-10-06

TED


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譯者: Carol Chen 審譯者: Amanda Zhu
00:12
Every year, humans change 10 million hectares of land,
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人類每年改變了約一千萬公頃的土地
00:16
and not for the better.
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帶來的卻是破壞
00:18
Right now, there are more than two billion hectares of degraded land
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大於二十億公頃的土地 正在世界各地退化中
00:22
around the world.
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00:23
We need to fix this fast, and technology can help.
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我們需要儘快阻止繼續惡化 而科技可助一臂之力
00:27
Restoration is an enormous, complex challenge.
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恢復土地的樣貌 是一個巨大且複雜的挑戰
00:30
It cannot be done by simply planting trees.
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單單依靠種植樹木是做不到的
00:33
We need to bring native, complex ecosystems back to life,
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我們需要使天然而複雜的 生態系統重新復甦
00:37
and it requires deep ecological expertise.
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但只有具備深度 生態知識的專家才做得到
00:40
Until now, we have been limited to poor facsimiles,
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直到今天,我們用的 依舊是差勁的生態模擬
00:44
like vast plantations of a single kind of tree.
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像是大量種植單一樹種
00:47
But drones change that by allowing us to gather data
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但無人機問世改變了一切
我們得以收集數據
00:51
and plant the right mix of vegetation quickly, at enormous scales.
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並大規模且快速地種植 由多種植物構成的適當植被
00:55
And machine-learning analysis enables us to plan the planting
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機器學習分析讓我們能有計劃地種植
00:59
and then monitor our restoration work.
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然後監控復原的狀況
01:01
For example, in Australia,
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例如,我們在澳洲
01:04
we're using drone-based planting and ecology-trained AI
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正以無人機為主的種植技術 以及受過生態訓練的人工智能
01:08
to restore thousands of hectares of land mined for coal.
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復原數千公頃煤礦舊址
01:13
Not just planting trees,
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我們不單單只是種樹
01:14
but bringing back biodiverse, complex ecosystems.
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而是帶回生物多樣性 及複雜的生態系統
01:19
On a larger scale, native forests here in Australia
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澳洲這裡有大規模的原始森林
01:22
have been decimated by catastrophic bushfires
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早已經因為災難性的叢林大火 以及農業土地開墾
01:25
and land-clearing for agriculture.
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而受到嚴重破壞
01:27
This means diminished food sources and safe habitats for koalas.
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這意味著無尾熊的食物來源 和安全棲息地縮減
01:31
A new project would allow us to accelerate
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有個新方案讓我們得以 在接下來的幾年內
01:34
the restoration of thousands of hectares of koala forests
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加速修復數千公頃無尾熊棲息的森林
01:38
over the next few years.
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01:40
With these combined technologies,
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這些科技的綜合應用
01:42
we're able to scale up restoration
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讓我們可以擴大修復範圍
01:45
from a small island to an entire continent.
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小至一個小島,大至整個陸塊
我們可以把舊時的採礦地回復為森林
01:50
We can return forests to land where a mine used to be,
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01:54
or recreate ecosystems
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或是重建生態系統
01:55
like the one we're hoping to restore on Lord Howe Island,
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就像我們正在復原的豪勳爵島
01:58
birthplace of one of the world's largest insects.
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世界上一種最巨型昆蟲的發源地
02:02
This unique island is plagued by imported species,
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這個獨特的島受到 大量進口物種的嚴重干擾
02:05
where we're helping to eradicate the undesirable plants
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我們正著手消除不該存在於此的植物
02:08
to allow endemic species to thrive.
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讓原生物種繁榮茁壯
02:11
It's not just billions of trees.
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這不僅僅關乎數十億棵樹
02:14
It's restoring nature in all its complexity and beauty.
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而是還原大自然系統原有的複雜與美
02:18
Thank you.
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