There's no shame in taking care of your mental health | Sangu Delle

416,384 views ・ 2017-05-26

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: Gang Hu 審譯者: Yanyan Hong
00:12
Last year ...
0
12942
1691
去年
00:14
was hell.
1
14657
1203
糟透了。
00:15
(Laughter)
2
15884
1798
(笑聲)
00:20
It was my first time eating Nigerian "jollof."
3
20391
3552
我第一次品嘗了 奈及利亞的辣味大鍋飯。
00:23
(Laughter)
4
23967
1582
(笑聲)
00:26
Actually, in all seriousness,
5
26436
2859
實際上,嚴肅地說,
00:29
I was going through a lot of personal turmoil.
6
29319
2814
我經歷了太多的個人的困境。
00:33
Faced with enormous stress,
7
33055
2181
面對大量的壓力,
00:35
I suffered an anxiety attack.
8
35260
2023
我感覺很焦慮。
00:38
On some days, I could do no work.
9
38362
2690
有時候,我無法工作。
00:42
On other days,
10
42156
1896
有時候,
00:44
I just wanted to lay in my bed and cry.
11
44076
3289
我甚至只想躺在床上哭泣。
00:48
My doctor asked if I'd like to speak with a mental health professional
12
48478
5249
我的醫生問我是否願意 見一下心理健康專家,
00:53
about my stress and anxiety.
13
53751
2103
談談我的壓力和焦慮。
00:56
Mental health?
14
56589
1302
心理健康?
00:58
I clammed up and violently shook my head in protest.
15
58792
3890
我閉上嘴,瘋狂地搖頭以示抗議。
01:05
I felt a profound sense of a shame.
16
65065
3752
一股深深的羞恥感襲上心頭。
01:10
I felt the weight of stigma.
17
70233
3438
沉重的羞恥。
01:14
I have a loving, supportive family
18
74959
2359
我有一個充滿愛和支持的家庭,
01:17
and incredibly loyal friends,
19
77342
2307
我有一群無比忠誠的朋友,
01:19
yet I could not entertain the idea of speaking to anyone
20
79673
4569
然而我不能接受這樣的想法:
01:24
about my feeling of pain.
21
84266
2030
與別人談談我痛苦的情感。
01:27
I felt suffocated by the rigid architecture
22
87824
4467
我們非洲對於男子氣概嚴格的觀點
01:32
of our African masculinity.
23
92315
2290
都要讓我窒息了。
01:35
"People have real problems, Sangu.
24
95585
2115
「人們都有現實的問題,桑谷,
01:37
Get over yourself!"
25
97724
1455
你得戰勝自己!」
01:40
The first time I heard "mental health,"
26
100776
1981
我第一次聽說「心理健康」時,
01:43
I was a boarding school student fresh off the boat from Ghana,
27
103700
3963
我還是來自迦納的一名寄宿新生,
01:47
at the Peddie School in New Jersey.
28
107687
1931
就讀於紐澤西州的佩蒂中學。
01:50
I had just gone through the brutal experience
29
110887
3406
我剛剛經歷了一個月內失去
01:54
of losing seven loved ones in the same month.
30
114317
2553
7 個親人的殘酷事實。
01:58
The school nurse,
31
118389
1456
學校的護士
01:59
concerned about what I'd gone through -- God bless her soul --
32
119869
4064
關心我的經歷──上帝保佑她──
02:03
she inquired about my mental health.
33
123957
1950
她詢問我的心理健康狀況。
02:07
"Is she mental?" I thought.
34
127246
1983
「她心理不正常嗎?」我想。
02:10
Does she not know I'm an African man?
35
130034
2444
她不知道我是非洲男人嗎?
02:12
(Laughter)
36
132502
1014
(笑聲)
02:13
Like Okonkwo in "Things Fall Apart,"
37
133540
1871
就像《生命中不可承受之重》 裡的奧康渥,
02:15
we African men neither process nor express our emotions.
38
135435
4741
我們非洲男人既不處理 也不表達自己的感情。
02:20
We deal with our problems.
39
140791
1691
我們解決自己的問題。
02:22
(Applause)
40
142506
1543
(掌聲)
02:25
We deal with our problems.
41
145001
1999
我們解決自己的問題。
02:27
I called my brother and laughed about "Oyibo" people -- white people --
42
147024
4771
我打電話給我的哥哥,嘲笑白人,
02:31
and their strange diseases --
43
151819
1857
和他們奇怪的疾病,
02:33
depression, ADD and those "weird things."
44
153700
3238
比如憂鬱症、注意力缺乏症候群 這些奇怪的東西。
02:38
Growing up in West Africa,
45
158320
1991
身為在西非長大的人,
02:40
when people used the term "mental," what came to mind was a madman
46
160335
4381
提到「心理」這個名詞時, 進入腦海的是一個瘋子,
02:44
with dirty, dread-locked hair,
47
164740
2243
頂著看起來髒兮兮的「髒辮頭」,
半裸著身體在街上搖搖晃晃。
02:47
bumbling around half-naked on the streets.
48
167007
2776
02:50
We all know this man.
49
170904
1820
我們都認識這個人。
02:52
Our parents warned us about him.
50
172748
2281
我們的父母用他來警告過我們。
02:55
"Mommy, mommy, why is he mad?"
51
175640
1545
「媽媽,媽媽,他為什麼瘋了?」
02:57
"Drugs!
52
177209
1212
「毒品!
02:58
If you even look at drugs, you end up like him."
53
178445
2389
就算你只看了一眼毒品, 下場也會和他一樣。」
03:00
(Laughter)
54
180858
1189
(笑聲)
03:02
Come down with pneumonia,
55
182800
2065
如果得了肺炎,
03:04
and your mother will rush you to the nearest hospital
56
184889
2532
媽媽會帶你到最近的醫院治療。
03:07
for medical treatment.
57
187445
1382
03:09
But dare to declare depression,
58
189910
2616
但是,如果聲稱得了憂鬱症,
03:13
and your local pastor will be driving out demons
59
193278
3402
當地的牧師將會驅趕惡魔,
03:16
and blaming witches in your village.
60
196704
1844
並且責備村子裡的女巫。
03:19
According to the World Health Organization,
61
199118
2900
根據世界衛生組織,
03:22
mental health is about being able to cope
62
202042
3058
心理健康是指能夠處理
03:25
with the normal stressors of life;
63
205124
1699
生活中的正常壓力的能力;
03:27
to work productively and fruitfully;
64
207741
3443
高效流暢地工作;
03:31
and to be able to make a contribution to your community.
65
211208
3627
能對社區做出貢獻。
03:35
Mental health includes our emotional, psychological and social well-being.
66
215321
6612
心理健康包涵我們的情感、 心理和社會福祉。
03:42
Globally, 75 percent of all mental illness cases
67
222676
4760
全球所有心理疾病案例中的 75%
03:47
can be found in low-income countries.
68
227460
2634
都能在低收入國家中發現。
03:50
Yet most African governments
69
230118
1832
但是絕大多數非洲政府
03:51
invest less than one percent of their health care budget
70
231974
4207
僅將其健康預算中不到 1% 的錢
03:56
in mental health.
71
236205
1276
投入到心理健康。
03:58
Even worse,
72
238501
1180
更糟糕的是,
03:59
we have a severe shortage of psychiatrists in Africa.
73
239705
4119
非洲的精神病醫生嚴重短缺。
04:04
Nigeria, for example, is estimated to have 200 --
74
244656
4283
比如,奈及利亞, 一個兩億人口的國家,
04:09
in a country of almost 200 million.
75
249632
3021
只有 200 名精神病醫生。
04:14
In all of Africa,
76
254242
1469
整個非洲,
04:15
90 percent of our people lack access to treatment.
77
255735
3903
90% 的人缺乏治療。
04:20
As a result,
78
260501
1753
結果是,
04:22
we suffer in solitude,
79
262278
3004
我們孤獨地忍受著,
04:25
silenced by stigma.
80
265306
2444
羞恥地沉默著。
04:29
We as Africans often respond to mental health with distance,
81
269318
4675
我們非洲人對心理健康的 回應是距離、
04:34
ignorance,
82
274664
1202
無知、
04:36
guilt,
83
276355
1178
內疚、
04:37
fear
84
277954
1206
恐懼
04:39
and anger.
85
279754
1286
和憤怒。
04:42
In a study conducted by Arboleda-Flórez,
86
282129
4677
在阿爾博萊達德—弗洛雷斯 指導的一項研究中,
04:46
directly asking, "What is the cause of mental illness?"
87
286830
3658
他直接問道: 「心理疾病的起因是什麼?」
04:51
34 percent of Nigerian respondents cited drug misuse;
88
291487
5284
34% 的奈及利亞人 認為是濫用毒品;
04:58
19 percent said divine wrath and the will of God --
89
298160
5184
19% 的人歸因於 神的憤怒和上帝的旨意。
05:03
(Laughter)
90
303368
1305
(笑聲)
05:05
12 percent,
91
305270
1458
12% 的人則認為是
05:07
witchcraft and spiritual possession.
92
307950
2766
巫術和邪靈附身。
05:11
But few cited other known causes of mental illness,
93
311616
4560
但很少有人舉出 已知的精神疾病成因。
05:16
like genetics,
94
316200
1646
例如遺傳、
05:17
socioeconomic status,
95
317870
1936
社會經濟狀況、
05:19
war,
96
319830
1595
戰爭、
05:21
conflict
97
321449
1413
衝突,
05:22
or the loss of a loved one.
98
322886
1515
或者失去親人。
05:25
The stigmatization against mental illness
99
325829
2887
對心理疾病的污名化
05:28
often results in the ostracizing and demonizing of sufferers.
100
328740
4466
常常導致對患者的排斥和妖魔化。
05:34
Photojournalist Robin Hammond has documented some of these abuses ...
101
334255
3996
攝影記者羅賓哈蒙德 已經記錄下了這些行為。
05:38
in Uganda,
102
338275
1393
在烏干達,
05:40
in Somalia,
103
340665
1329
在索馬里,
05:43
and here in Nigeria.
104
343089
1829
以及這裡,奈及利亞。
05:47
For me,
105
347374
1342
對我而言,
05:49
the stigma is personal.
106
349877
2319
汙名化是親身的經歷。
05:53
In 2009,
107
353942
1629
在 2009年,
05:56
I received a frantic call in the middle of the night.
108
356616
3106
半夜我接到了一通瘋狂的電話,
06:01
My best friend in the world --
109
361179
2348
我最好的朋友,
06:03
a brilliant, philosophical, charming, hip young man --
110
363551
5139
一個才華橫溢、明哲、 迷人、時髦的小伙子,
06:08
was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
111
368714
2151
被診斷為精神分裂症。
06:12
I witnessed some of the friends we'd grown up with recoil.
112
372424
4418
我親眼目睹了一些 一起長大的朋友的做法。
06:19
I heard the snickers.
113
379136
1523
我聽到了竊笑。
06:21
I heard the whispers.
114
381448
1592
我聽到了竊竊私語。
06:24
"Did you hear he has gone mad?"
115
384006
2230
「你聽說他瘋了的事嗎?」
06:27
(Kru English) "He has gone crazy!"
116
387095
2530
「他開始發飆了!」
06:29
Derogatory, demeaning commentary about his condition --
117
389669
4320
關於他的狀況的 那些貶低、貶損的評論,
那些詞,從來不會 用於某個患了癌症的人,
06:34
words we would never say about someone with cancer
118
394013
3977
或者某個得了痢疾的人。
06:38
or someone with malaria.
119
398014
1760
06:40
Somehow, when it comes to mental illness,
120
400484
3679
不知什麼原因,一談到心理疾病,
06:44
our ignorance eviscerates all empathy.
121
404187
3050
我們的無知就將 所有的同情剔除乾淨。
06:48
I stood by his side as his community isolated him,
122
408539
4169
當他被社區隔離時, 我站在他的旁邊,
06:53
but our love never wavered.
123
413980
2332
但我們的愛從未動搖。
06:57
Tacitly, I became passionate about mental health.
124
417668
3079
默默地,我開始關注心理健康。
07:01
Inspired by his plight,
125
421694
2632
受到他的困境的啟發,
07:04
I helped found the mental health special interest alumni group
126
424350
3323
我在學校發現了一個心理健康
07:07
at my college.
127
427697
1655
特別興趣校友小組。
07:09
And during my tenure as a resident tutor in graduate school,
128
429376
3377
在我擔任研究生宿舍導師期間,
07:12
I supported many undergraduates with their mental health challenges.
129
432777
3962
我幫助了很多面臨 心理健康調整的大學生。
07:17
I saw African students struggle
130
437271
2515
我發現非洲學生在掙扎,
07:19
and unable to speak to anyone.
131
439810
1837
無法跟任何人溝通 。
07:22
Even with this knowledge and with their stories in tow,
132
442566
3996
即使帶著這些知識和他們的故事,
07:26
I, in turn, struggled,
133
446586
1986
在面對我自己的焦慮時,
07:28
and could not speak to anyone when I faced my own anxiety,
134
448596
4573
我反而也在掙扎, 並且無法跟任何人溝通。
07:33
so deep is our fear of being the madman.
135
453193
3962
所以深層次的原因 是我們害怕成為瘋子。
07:39
All of us --
136
459735
1198
我們所有人──
07:41
but we Africans especially --
137
461698
2187
特別是非洲人──
07:44
need to realize that our mental struggles do not detract from our virility,
138
464775
5907
要意識到我們的心理掙扎 並不會減損我們的力量,
07:50
nor does our trauma taint our strength.
139
470706
2891
心理創傷也不會腐蝕我們的力量。
07:54
We need to see mental health as important as physical health.
140
474756
4709
我們要意識到心理健康 和身體健康一樣重要。
08:00
We need to stop suffering in silence.
141
480403
4403
不要在沉默中忍受。
08:05
We must stop stigmatizing disease
142
485939
3458
我們必須停止汙名化疾病,
08:09
and traumatizing the afflicted.
143
489421
2206
停止傷害患者。
08:13
Talk to your friends.
144
493399
1459
和你的朋友談談,
08:15
Talk to your loved ones.
145
495834
1576
和你的親人談談,
08:18
Talk to health professionals.
146
498394
1765
和健康專業人士談談,
08:21
Be vulnerable.
147
501437
1278
弱勢一點,
08:23
Do so with the confidence
148
503615
1877
邁開這一步,並且相信
08:26
that you are not alone.
149
506335
2527
你並不是一個人。
08:30
Speak up if you're struggling.
150
510011
2180
如果你還在掙扎,大聲說出來。
08:34
Being honest about how we feel
151
514414
3527
誠實面對自己的感受
08:37
does not make us weak;
152
517965
1659
並不會讓我們弱小;
08:40
it makes us human.
153
520629
1543
反而使我們成為人。
08:43
It is time to end the stigma associated with mental illness.
154
523499
4546
是時候終止污名化心理疾病了。
08:48
So the next time your hear "mental,"
155
528930
3411
所以,下一次, 當你聽到「心理」這個詞,
08:53
do not just think of the madman.
156
533228
1995
不要僅僅想到瘋子,
08:56
Think of me.
157
536163
1209
想想我。
08:57
(Applause)
158
537796
1924
(掌聲)
08:59
Thank you.
159
539744
1283
謝謝。
09:01
(Applause)
160
541051
3992
(掌聲)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7