Phil Plait: How to defend Earth from asteroids

Translator: Yihan Zhou Reviewer: Raymond Ou

I want to talk to you about something

有啲嘢我想講畀你哋聽

kind of big.

係好大件事

We'll start here.

我哋由呢度開始

Sixty-five million years ago --

六千五百萬年前

(Laughter)

the dinosaurs had a bad day.

啲恐龍好慘

(Laughter)

（笑）

A chunk of rock six miles across,

有一塊寬六英里嘅石頭飛落來撞落地球

moving something like 50 times the speed of a rifle bullet,

速度大概係

步槍子彈嘅五十倍

slammed into the Earth.

佢即刻一次過釋放晒所有能量

It released its energy all at once,

and it was an explosion that was mind-numbing.

而且引起咗爆炸

大聲到震耳欲聾

If you took every nuclear weapon ever built

如果你將所有

喺冷戰高峰時期製造出來嘅原子彈

at the height of the Cold War,

lumped them together,

喺同一時間綁埋一齊之後引爆

and blew them up at the same time,

that would be one one-millionth of the energy released at that moment.

噉就會釋放出

小行星能量嘅百萬分之一

The dinosaurs had a really bad day.

啲恐龍真係好慘

OK?

好

Now, a six-mile-wide rock is very large.

六英里寬嘅石頭係非常之大嘅

We all live here in Boulder.

我哋都住係博爾德

If you look out your window and see Longs Peak --

如果你望出窗外你可以睇到朗斯山峰

你好可能覺得佢好熟

you're probably familiar with it --

now, scoop up Longs Peak and put it out in space.

依家，將朗斯山峰掘出來

將佢放喺太空

Take ... Meeker, Mt. Meeker.

將米克山掘出來

Lump that in there, and put that in space as well.

同樣擺上太空

And Mt. Everest. And K2.

仲有珠穆朗瑪峰同埋 K2

And the Indian peaks.

同埋印第安山峰都放上太空

然之後你就知

Then you're starting to get an idea of how much rock we're talking about, OK?

我哋喺度講緊幾多石頭

We know it was that big

我哋知佢有咁大係因為

because of the impact it had and the crater it left.

佢嘅衝擊力同埋佢留低嘅隕石坑

It hit in what we now know as Yucatan, the Gulf of Mexico.

佢撞落今日墨西哥灣嘅猶加敦

You can see here, there's the Yucatan Peninsula,

你可以睇到呢度就係猶加敦半島

if you recognize Cozumel off the east coast there.

如果你認到東岸嘅科蘇梅爾嘅話

Here is how big of a crater was left.

就睇到個坑有幾大

It was huge.

個坑非常之大，畀你感受下佢嘅規模

To give you a sense of the scale ... there you go.

The scale here is 50 miles on top, a hundred kilometers on the bottom.

幅圖比例係一比五十英里

或者一比一百公里

This thing was 300 kilometers across -- 200 miles --

呢個坑成三百公里寬或者兩百英里寬

an enormous crater that excavated out vast amounts of earth

隕石撞落嘅一刻產生大量塵土

that splashed around the globe and set fires all over the planet,

塵土燒著嘅火擴散到全世界

threw up enough dust to block out the sun.

升起嘅塵埃足以遮住太陽

It wiped out 75 percent of all species on Earth.

殞石毀滅咗地球上百分之七十五嘅生物

Now, not all asteroids are that big.

不過唔係所有嘅小行星都咁大

Some of them are smaller.

有啲比較細

Here is one that came in

呢度有係一個小行星撞落美國

over the United States in October of 1992.

時間係 1992 年 10 月

It came in on a Friday night.

佢喺星期五晚上撞落來

Why is that important?

點解講佢呢？

Because back then, video cameras were just starting to become popular,

因為當時

攝影機啱啱開始流行

and parents would bring them to their kids' football games

啲人呢就會將佢哋帶喺身邊

爹地媽咪帶住攝像機 去拍仔女嘅足球比賽

to film their kids playing football.

And since this came in on a Friday,

星期五嗰晚呢個小行星落咗落來

they were able to get this great footage of this thing breaking up

所以啲人可以捕捉到小行星墜落

一路穿過西維珍尼亞州、馬里蘭州 賓夕法尼亞州同新澤西州

as it came in over West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania and New Jersey

until it did that

直到佢擊中咗一部紐約嘅車

to a car in New York.

(Laughter)

（笑）

依家，呢個唔係一個 200 英里寬嘅坑

Now, this is not a 200-mile-wide crater,

but then again, you can see the rock, which is sitting right here,

但跟住落來你哋可以睇到

粒隕石同一個足球差唔多大

about the size of a football,

that hit that car and did that damage.

擊中咗嗰部車

Now, this thing was probably about the size of a school bus

不過當呢粒小行星進入地球時 可能係一部校車嘅晒士

when it first came in.

It broke up through atmospheric pressure,

由於高温擦過大氣壓

it crumbled, and then the pieces fell apart

佢開始燃燒、解體

解體之後嘅石頭 只係對地面造成咗一啲破壞

and did some damage.

Now, you wouldn't want that falling on your foot or your head,

你哋唔會希望石頭落喺你嘅腳或者頭

因為會好痛

because it would do that to it.

That would be bad.

But it won't wipe out, you know, all life on Earth, so that's fine.

但係你知細細嚿石 唔會毀滅所有地球上嘅生命

之不過

But it turns out, you don't need something six miles across

唔使六英里寬嘅小行星

to do a lot of damage.

都可以造成好大破壞

There is a median point between tiny rock and gigantic rock,

喺分類上，除咗細隕石同大隕石之外 有中型隕石

and in fact, if any of you have ever been to near Winslow, Arizona,

如果你有去過亞利桑那州 溫斯洛附近嘅沙漠

there is a crater in the desert there that is so iconic

嗰度有個中型隕石嘅坑

因為佢太標誌性

that it is actually called "Meteor Crater."

所以佢嘅名叫流星坑

To give you a sense of scale, this is about a mile wide.

爲咗讓你哋對晒士有個概念 呢個就有 1 英里寬

If you look up at the top, that's a parking lot,

如果你望上高，嗰個係停車場

and those are recreational vehicles right there.

而嗰啲就係旅行車

So it's about a mile across, 600 feet deep.

所以佢有 1 英里寬，600 英尺深

The object that formed this was probably about 30 to 50 yards across,

形成呢個坑嘅小行星 大概有 30 到 50 碼寬

so roughly the size of Macky Auditorium here.

差唔多係呢度麥基禮堂嘅晒士

It came in at speeds that were tremendous,

當時小行星以高速衝落來

slammed into the ground, blew up,

撞擊地面

and exploded with the energy of roughly a 20-megaton nuclear bomb --

以近二千萬噸原子彈嘅能量爆炸

a very hefty bomb.

係一個重磅炸彈

This was 50,000 years ago,

呢件事發生喺 5 萬年前

so it may have wiped out a few buffalo or antelope,

令一啲水牛或者羚羊

or something like that out in the desert,

或者生活喺沙漠嘅動物消失

but it probably would not have caused global devastation.

但佢唔太可能毀滅成個地球

It turns out that these things don't have to hit the ground

因為我哋發現

要造成大損傷，唔一定要撞落地面度

to do a lot of damage.

Now, in 1908, over Siberia, near the Tunguska region --

喺 1908 年，西伯利亞上空

近通古斯卡地區——

for those of you who are Dan Aykroyd fans and saw "Ghostbusters,"

對於係丹．艾克羅伊德支持者 同時睇過《捉鬼特工隊》嘅人來講

when he talked about the greatest cross-dimensional rift

當丹．艾克羅伊德講到

1909 年西伯利亞爆炸以來 最大嘅交叉維度裂縫——

since the Siberia blast of 1909,

where he got the date wrong, but that's OK.

佢講錯咗日期，不過冇影響（笑）

(Laughter)

其實事情發生喺 1908 年 不過我可以當佢冇錯——

It was 1908. That's fine. I can live with that.

(Laughter)

（笑）

Another rock came into the Earth's atmosphere

當時另一粒殞石進入地球嘅大氣層

and this one blew up above the ground,

而且喺上空離地面幾英里爆炸

several miles up above the surface of the Earth.

The heat from the explosion set fire to the forest below it,

爆炸釋放出來嘅熱量引發地面森林大火

and then the shock wave came down and knocked down trees

而且衝擊波將幾百平方英里嘅樹推倒

for hundreds of square miles.

This did a huge amount of damage.

造成巨大嘅破壞

And again, this was a rock probably roughly the size

呢次嘅隕石

差唔多係我哋依家坐嘅演講廳嘅大細

of this auditorium that we're sitting in.

In Meteor Crater, it was made of metal,

隕石由金屬構成

and metal is much tougher, so it made it to the ground.

因為金屬更加硬

所以殞石先可以落到地面

The one over Tunguska was probably made of rock,

通古斯卡上空嘅石頭 好可能係由岩石構成

and that's much more crumbly, so it blew up in the air.

於是乎易碎

所以至會喺空中爆炸

Either way, these are tremendous explosions -- 20 megatons.

呢兩次隕石事件 都引起相等於二千萬噸嘅大爆炸

Now, when these things blow up,

當呢啲隕石爆炸時

they're not going to do global ecological damage.

佢哋唔會破壞全球生態

They're not going to do something like the dinosaur killer did.

佢哋唔係毀滅恐龍嗰類嘢

佢哋唔夠大

They're just not big enough.

但係佢哋會破壞全球經濟

But they will do global economic damage,

because they don't have to hit, necessarily,

因為佢哋唔使撞擊都能夠破壞經濟

to do this kind of damage.

They don't have to do global devastation.

佢哋唔使毀滅全球都已經有破壞力

If one of these things were to hit pretty much anywhere,

如果任何一粒小行星求其撞向一笪地方

it would cause a panic.

就會引起恐慌

But if it came over a city, an important city --

但係如果佢撞落一個重要城市——

雖然唔係最重要嘅城市

not that any city is more important than others,

但係撞落全球經濟裏邊 比較重要嘅城市——

but some of them we depend on more on the global economic basis --

that could do a huge amount of damage to us as a civilization.

咁對我哋文明嚟講

就係大破壞

So, now that I've scared the crap out of you --

我依家已經嚇到你連屎都出咗來

(Laughter)

（笑）

what can we do about this?

我哋可以做啲咩嘢？

This is a potential threat.

呢個係潛在威脅嚟

Let me note that we have not had a giant impact like the dinosaur killer

而其實

我哋已經有 6,500 萬年 冇遇到毀滅恐龍嘅巨大能量

for 65 million years.

They're very rare.

畢竟大行星撞地球係好罕見

The smaller ones happen more often,

但行星越細，就越有可能撞擊地球

but probably on the order of a millennium,

但小行星撞地球一般都講緊千年一次

every few centuries or every few thousand years.

或者每幾百年或者幾千年一次

就算係咁，我哋都要小心啲先得

But it's still something to be aware of.

Well, what do we do about them?

咁，我哋要對行星做啲乜嘢呢？

The first thing we have to do is find them.

第一件事係要搵佢哋

This is an image of an asteroid that passed us in 2009.

呢張相影 2009 年 一粒經過地球嘅小行星

It's right here.

佢就喺呢度

But you can see that it's extremely faint.

但你哋會發現佢係非常細

I don't know if you can see that in the back row.

我都唔知坐喺最後嗰排嘅你哋 係咪可以睇到佢

These are just stars.

呢啲只係星星

This is a rock that was about 30 yards across,

呢個係一個 30 碼寬嘅岩石

so roughly the size of the ones that blew up over Tunguska

差唔多同 5 萬年前

喺通古斯卡上空爆炸 然後撞擊亞利桑那州嗰啲隕石一樣大

and hit Arizona 50,000 years ago.

These things are faint.

呢啲行星好細、好難發現

They're hard to see, and the sky is really big.

而且天空實在太大嘞

We have to find these things first.

但我哋必須搵到佢哋

Well, the good news is, we're looking for them.

好消息係，我哋已經搵緊佢哋啦

NASA has devoted money to this;

NASA 出資咗做呢件事

the National Science Foundation and other countries

國家科學基金同埋其他國家 都對呢件事有興趣

are interested in doing this.

We're building telescopes that are looking for the threat.

我哋製造緊可以察覺威脅嘅太空望遠鏡

That's a great first step. But what's the second step?

係好大嘅進步來

不過下一步又係咩嘢呢？

The second step is if we see one heading toward us, we have to stop it.

第二步就係如果我哋發現 一粒小行星撞向地球時

我哋要阻止佢。咁點做呢？

What do we do?

You've probably heard about the asteroid Apophis.

你哋好可能聽過小行星阿波菲斯

如果你冇，你好快會聽到

If you haven't yet, you will.

If you've heard about the Mayan 2012 apocalypse,

如果你聽過瑪雅 2012 預言

you're going to hear about Apophis,

你就會聽到小行星阿波菲斯

because you're keyed in to all the doomsday networks, anyway.

因為你哋無論如何

都走唔甩世界末日

(Laughter)

Apophis is an asteroid that was discovered in 2004.

阿波菲斯小行星喺 2004 年被發現

It's roughly 250 [meters] across, so it's pretty big --

佢差唔多有 250 米寬

所以佢好大。你哋知喇，係大晒士

bigger than a football stadium.

仲大過足球場

And it's going to pass by the Earth in April of 2029.

佢仲會喺 2029 年 4 月經過地球

And it's going to pass us so close

佢靠得咁近

that it's actually going to come underneath our weather satellites.

甚至乎會來到氣象衛星下面

The Earth's gravity is going to bend the orbit of this thing so much

如果佢正常運動

地球嘅重力會扭曲佢嘅軌道

that if it's just right,

if it passes through this region of space,

如果佢穿過一個區域空間

this kidney-bean-shaped region called the keyhole,

一個叫做鎖匙眼嘅豆角形狀區域

the Earth's gravity will bend it just enough that seven years later,

地球重力就會令佢扭曲

恰恰七年之後

on April 13 -- which is a Friday, I'll note -- in the year 2036 --

喺 2036 年 4 月 13 號

即係一個星期五……（笑）

(Laughter)

you can't plan that kind of stuff --

你一定預唔到咁嘅事︰

(Laughter)

Apophis is going to hit us.

阿波菲斯將會撞埋來我哋度

And it's 250 meters across, so it would do unbelievable damage.

佢有 250 米寬

所以將會造成巨大破壞

The good news is that the odds of it actually passing through this keyhole

依家好消息係

佢穿過鎖匙眼同撞到我哋嘅幾率

and hitting us next go-around are one in a million, roughly --

係百萬分之一

係非常非常之細嘅幾率

very, very low odds.

所以我自己唔會因為擔心佢而瞓唔著

So I personally am not lying awake at night worrying about this at all.

我唔認為阿波菲斯係一個問題

I don't think Apophis is a problem.

事實上，塞翁失馬焉知非福

In fact, Apophis is a blessing in disguise,

because it woke us up to the dangers of these things.

阿波菲斯令我哋認識小行星嘅危險

This thing was discovered just a few years ago

阿波菲斯喺幾年前被發現

and could hit us a few years from now.

當時仲諗幾年後可能會撞落地球

It won't, but it gives us a chance to study these kinds of asteroids.

但宜家佢唔會

而且仲畀咗我哋一個機會 來研究呢類小行星

We didn't really necessarily understand these keyholes, and now we do,

我哋過去對鎖匙眼認知甚少

不過依家已經好清楚嘞

and it turns out that's really important,

而且我哋明白到了解小行星係非常重要

because how do you stop an asteroid like this?

因為如果唔係 你點阻止呢類小行星呢——

Well, let me ask you:

等我問你，如果你企喺路上

What happens if you're standing in the road and a car's headed for you?

突然有部車衝來你度，你會點做呢？

你會咁做

What do you do?

You do this. Right? Move, and the car goes past you.

係咪？走。部車剛好同你擦身而過

But we can't move the Earth, at least not easily,

但係我哋唔可以移走地球

至少冇咁易，但係我哋可以移走小行星

but we can move a small asteroid.

And it turns out, we've even done it.

而且睇來，我哋甚至已經移走過小行星

2005 年，NASA 發射咗 一個叫深層衝擊嘅探測器

In the year 2005, NASA launched a probe called Deep Impact,

which slammed a piece of itself into the nucleus of a comet.

探測器其中一部份 撞入咗一粒彗星嘅核心

Comets are very much like asteroids.

彗星好似小行星

The purpose wasn't to push it out of the way;

嗰次目的唔係要將佢推到第二度

the purpose was to make a crater to excavate the material

而係造一個坑挖掘

以瞭解彗星表面之下係咩嘢物質

and see what was underneath the surface of this comet,

which we learned quite a bit about.

我哋嗰次從中的確學到啲嘢

We did move the comet a little tiny bit --

我哋的確將小行星移動咗小小

not very much, but that wasn't the point.

雖然唔多，但唔係重點

However, think about this:

不過，諗下

This thing is orbiting the Sun at 10, 20 miles per second.

呢個每秒圍繞太陽 10-20 英里

We shot a space probe at it and hit it, OK?

而我哋發射咗一部太空探測器 而且擊中佢

Imagine how hard that must be, and we did it.

雖然件事好難，但係我哋做到

That means we can do it again.

即係話我哋可以繼續做

If we see an asteroid that's coming toward us, headed right for us,

如果我哋見到一粒小行星撞埋來

而且正正咁對住我哋咁

and we have two years to go?

而我哋有兩年時間？ 唔驚！我哋會擊中佢

Boom! We hit it.

You know, if you watch the movies --

如果你哋睇開戲

(Laughter)

可能會諗

you might think:

Why don't we use a nuclear weapon?

點解我哋唔用核武？

Well, you can try that, but the problem is timing.

係可以嘅，但問題係時間

Shoot a nuclear weapon at this thing,

如果你用核武來打佢

you have to blow it up within a few milliseconds of tolerance,

你要喺幾百萬分之秒裏邊引爆原子彈

如果唔係就打唔中

or else you'll miss it.

And there are a lot of other problems with that; it's very hard to do.

而且仲有好多其他問題

核武好高難度

如果只係要去撞呢？咁就易好多

But just hitting something? That's pretty easy.

我諗 NASA 可以做到

I think even NASA can do that, and proved that they can.

佢哋證明咗佢哋係得（笑）

(Laughter)

問題係如果撞到小行星

The problem is, if you hit this asteroid, you've changed the orbit,

你就會改變佢嘅軌道

you measure the orbit,

然之後你再測量佢嘅軌道，卻發現

then you find out, oh yeah, we just pushed it into a keyhole,

弊！我哋將佢推入咗鎖匙眼

and now it's going to hit us in three years.

即係話佢將會係三年之後撞擊我哋！

Well, my opinion is: fine!

我嘅觀點係，唔緊要

It's not hitting us in six months --

佢唔會喺六個月之內撞到我哋 咁就好啦

that's good.

Now we have three years to do something else.

依家我哋有 3 年去做嘢

And you can hit it again.

你可以再次擊中佢

That's kind of ham-fisted;

但咁樣係一件好蠢嘅事

you might just push it into a third keyhole or whatever,

因為你會推佢入第三個鎖匙眼 所以你唔會咁做

so you don't do that.

And this is the part --

跟住係我鍾意嘅部份︰

it's the part I just love.

(Laughter)

（笑）

After the big macho "Grr ... bam! We're gonna hit this thing in the face,"

「呯一聲！

我哋正面迎擊小行星之後，

then we bring in the velvet gloves.

我哋就有咗天鵝絨手套！」

（笑）

(Laughter)

There's a group of scientists and engineers and astronauts,

有一群科學家、工程師同埋太空人

自稱係 B612 基金會

and they call themselves The B612 Foundation.

For those of you who've read "The Little Prince,"

但對於讀過《小王子》嘅人

你會明白意思︰

you understand that reference, I hope --

小王子住喺 一個叫做 B612 嘅小行星上

the little prince lived on an asteroid called B612.

上邊有好多聰明人，有男有女

These are smart guys -- men and women -- astronauts, like I said, engineers.

太空人、工程師

Rusty Schweickart, who was an Apollo 9 astronaut, is on this.

阿波羅 9 號太空人 拉塞爾．施威卡特都喺上面

Dan Durda, my friend who made this image,

我朋友丹．德達整咗呢幅圖

works here at Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, on Walnut Street.

佢依家就喺博爾德核桃街嘅 西南研究中心工作

佢為呢樣嘢做咗一幅圖

He created this image for this.

同時佢就係為佢哋做嘢嘅 其中一位太空人

He's actually one of the astronomers who works for them.

If we see an asteroid that's going to hit the Earth

如果我哋發現 一粒即將撞擊地球嘅小行星

and we have enough time,

而我哋有足夠嘅時間嘅話

we can hit it to move it into a better orbit.

我哋可以移佢去一個更安全嘅軌道

But then what we do is launch a probe that has to weigh a ton or two.

但我哋依家做緊嘅係發射 一粒 1-2 噸重嘅探測器

It doesn't have to be huge -- a couple of tons, not that big --

佢唔一定要幾噸咁大

你只要將佢停近小行星

and you park it near the asteroid.

You don't land on it, because these things are tumbling end over end.

你唔需要登陸小行星

因為小行星來回震動，所以好難登陸

It's very hard to land on them.

不如先靠近佢哋

Instead you get near it.

小行星嘅重力會拉埋探測器

The gravity of the asteroid pulls on the probe,

而探測器又只有幾噸重

and the probe has a couple of tons of mass.

It has a little tiny bit of gravity,

探測器嘅重力細

但足以拉動小行星

but it's enough that it can pull the asteroid,

and you have your rocket set up --

再加上本身嘅火箭裝置——

you can barely see it here, but there's rocket plumes --

噢，你雖然睇唔到佢 但係嗰度有火箭嘅噴焰——

小行星同探測器之間嘅重力 將兩者連埋起來

and these guys are connected by their own gravity,

and if you move the probe very slowly -- very, very gently,

如果你慢慢移動探測器

而又非常非常細力嘅話

you can very easily finesse that rock into a safe orbit.

你就可以好輕鬆咁將小行星 送入地球上一個安全軌道

甚至可以上去採集礦物

You can even put in orbit around the Earth where we could mine it,

但係嗰個完全係另一件事

although that's a whole other thing; I won't go into that.

我唔會深入呢個話題（笑）

(Laughter)

But we'd be rich!

但係我哋會因此暴富！

(Laughter)

（笑）

So think about this, right?

有得諗，好冇？

雖然目前有巨大殞石

There are these giant rocks flying out there, and they're hitting us,

將會撞落地球，造成破壞

and they're doing damage to us.

But we've figured out how to do this,

但係我哋已經諗到點樣解決

and all the pieces are in place to do this.

每一步都已經就緒

We have astronomers with telescopes, looking for them.

我哋有太空人用望遠鏡搵緊佢哋

我哋有聰明人

We have very, very smart people,

who are concerned about this and figuring out how to fix the problem,

關注小行星而且諗緊方法解決

and we have the technology to do this.

而且我哋有科技輔助——

This probe actually can't use chemical rockets.

實際上呢個探測器唔可以使用化學火箭

Chemical rockets provide too much thrust, too much push.

化學火箭嘅推力大得制

The probe would just shoot away.

探測器會打唔中

所以我哋發明咗叫做離子推動器嘅嘢

We invented something called an ion drive,

which is a very, very, very low-thrust engine.

佢係一個推力非常細嘅引擎

It generates the force a piece of paper would have on your hand --

產生相當於一張擺喺手上嘅紙嘅力

incredibly light, but it can run for months and years,

但係佢可以連續幾個月到幾年 提供微小嘅推力

providing that very gentle push.

If anybody here is a fan of the original "Star Trek,"

如果呢度有人係《星際旅行》 原版系列嘅支持者就會知道

佢哋揸住一部有離子推動器嘅外星飛船

they ran across an alien ship that had an ion drive,

and Spock said, "They're very technically sophisticated.

而且斯波克話︰「佢哋有精密嘅科技。

憑住呢個推動器， 佢哋領先我哋 100 年。」

They're a hundred years ahead of us with this drive."

耶！我哋依家都有咗離子推動器（笑）

Yeah, we have an ion drive now.

We don't have the Enterprise, but we've got an ion drive now.

我哋冇企業號

但係我哋有離子推動器

(Laughter)

（掌聲）

(Applause)

Spock.

係斯波克話嘅

(Laughter)

（笑）

So ...

所以……

呢個就係分別

That's the difference --

that's the difference between us and the dinosaurs.

就係我哋同恐龍嘅分別

This happened to them.

佢哋俾殞石滅絕，但我哋唔一定

It doesn't have to happen to us.

The difference between the dinosaurs and us

我哋同恐龍嘅分別在於我哋有太空計劃

is that we have a space program

而且我哋可以投票改變未來

and we can vote,

and so we can change our future.

(Laughter)

（笑）

We have the ability to change our future.

我哋有能力去改變未來

Sixty-five million years from now,

六千五百萬年後

we don't have to have our bones collecting dust in a museum.

我哋嘅骨頭唔會喺博物館裡面惹塵

Thank you very much.

多謝晒

(Applause)

（掌聲）