Jarreth Merz: Filming democracy in Ghana

26,889 views ・ 2011-09-28

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Translator: Klavdija Cernilogar Reviewer: Tilen Pigac - EFZG
00:15
I was born in Switzerland
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Rodil sem se v Švici
00:19
and raised in Ghana, West Africa.
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in odrasel v Gani, v Zahodni Afriki.
00:22
Ghana felt safe to me as a child.
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Kot otroku se mi je Gana zdela varna.
00:24
I was free, I was happy.
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Bil sem svoboden, bil sem srečen.
00:28
The early 70s
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Zgodnja sedemdeseta leta
00:30
marked a time of musical and artistic excellence in Ghana.
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so bila v Gani zaznamovana kot obdobje glasbene in umetniške odličnosti.
00:33
But then by the end of the decade,
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Toda proti koncu desetletja
00:35
the country had fallen back into political instability
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je država zapadla v ponovno politično nestabilnost
00:38
and mismanagement.
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in slabo upravljanje.
00:42
In 1979,
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Leta 1979
00:44
I witnessed my first military coup.
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sem bil priča svojemu prvemu vojaškemu udaru.
00:48
We the children had gathered at a friend's house.
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Otroci smo se zbrali v prijateljevi hiši.
00:51
It was a dimly lit shack.
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To je bila medlo osvetljena koliba.
00:53
There was a beaten up black and white television
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Izrabljen črnobel televizor
00:55
flickering in the background,
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je utripal v ozadju
00:58
and a former head of state and general
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in bivšemu voditelju države in generalu
01:00
was being blindfolded
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so zavezali oči
01:02
and tied to the pole.
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in ga privezali na drog.
01:04
The firing squad aimed, fired --
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Strelski vod je nameril, sprožil --
01:07
the general was dead.
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general je bil mrtev.
01:09
Now this was being broadcast live.
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To so prenašali v živo.
01:12
And shortly after, we left the country,
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Kmalu zatem smo odšli iz države
01:15
and we returned to Switzerland.
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in se vrnili v Švico.
01:17
Now Europe came as a shock to me,
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Evropa je bila zame šokantna
01:20
and I think I started feeling the need
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in mislim, da sem začutil potrebo po tem,
01:23
to shed my skin in order to fit in.
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da se rešim svoje kože, da bi spadal sem.
01:26
I wanted to blend in like a chameleon.
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Hotel sem se zliti z okoljem kot kameleon.
01:28
I think it was a tactic of survival.
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Mislim, da je bila to taktika za preživetje.
01:31
And it worked, or so I believed.
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In delovala je, oziroma vsaj mislil sem tako.
01:34
So here I was in 2008
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In tako sem se leta 2008
01:39
wondering where I was in my life.
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spraševal, kje sem v svojem življenju.
01:42
And I felt I was being typecast as an actor.
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In čutil sem, da sem postal igralec.
01:45
I was always playing the exotic African.
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Vedno sem igral eksotičnega Afričana.
01:48
I was playing the violent African,
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Igral sem nasilnega Afričana,
01:50
the African terrorist.
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afriškega terorista.
01:52
And I was thinking,
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In mislil sem si,
01:54
how many terrorists could I possibly play
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koliko teroristov bi lahko igral,
01:56
before turning into one myself?
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preden bi sam postal eden od njih?
01:59
And I had become ashamed of the other,
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In postalo me je sram te druge strani,
02:02
the African in me.
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tega Afričana v meni.
02:05
And fortunately I decided in 2008
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Na srečo sem se leta 2008 odločil,
02:08
to return to Ghana,
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da se vrnem v Gano,
02:10
after 28 years of absence.
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po 28 letih odsotnosti.
02:13
I wanted to document on film
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Na film sem hotel posneti
02:15
the 2008 presidential elections.
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predsedniške volitve leta 2008.
02:18
And there, I started by searching
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Tam sem začel z iskanjem
02:21
for the footprints in my childhood.
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prstnih odtisov v svojem otroštvu.
02:23
And before I even knew it,
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In še preden sem se zavedel,
02:25
I was suddenly on a stage
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sem se znašel na odru,
02:27
surrounded by thousands of cheering people
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obkrožen s tisoči vzklikajočih ljudi
02:29
during a political rally.
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med političnim zborovanjem.
02:31
And I realized that, when I'd left the country,
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In spoznal sem, da so bile, ko sem zapustil državo,
02:34
free and fair elections in a democratic environment
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svobodne in poštene volitve v demokratičnem okolju
02:37
were a dream.
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samo sanje.
02:39
And now that I'd returned, that dream had become reality,
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Zdaj, ob vrnitvi, so te sanje postale resnica,
02:42
though a fragile reality.
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pa čeprav krhka.
02:44
And I was thinking,
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In razmišljal sem,
02:46
was Ghana searching for its identity
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ali Gana išče svojo identiteto
02:48
like I was looking for my identity?
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tako kot sem jo iskal sam?
02:50
Was what was happening in Ghana a metaphor
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Je bilo dogajanje v Gani metafora
02:52
for what was happening in me?
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za dogajanje v meni?
02:56
And it was as if through the standards of my Western life,
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Zdelo se je, da glede na standarde svojega zahodnega načina življenja
03:02
I hadn't lived up to my full potential.
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nisem dosegel svojega polnega potenciala.
03:05
I mean, nor had Ghana,
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Mislim, tudi Gana ga ni,
03:07
even though we had been trying very hard.
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čeprav smo se zelo trudili.
03:09
Now in 1957,
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Leta 1957
03:11
Ghana was the first sub-Saharan country
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je bila Gana prva podsaharska država,
03:13
to gain its independence.
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ki je postala neodvisna.
03:15
In the late 50s,
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V poznih 50. letih
03:17
Ghana and Singapore had the same GDP.
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sta Gana in Singapur imela enak BDP.
03:20
I mean, today, Singapore is a First World country
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Danes je Singapur razvita država,
03:23
and Ghana is not.
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Gana pa ni.
03:26
But maybe it was time to prove to myself,
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A morda je bil čas, da sam sebi dokažem,
03:29
yes, it's important to understand the past,
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da ja, pomembno je razumeti preteklost,
03:31
it is important to look at it in a different light,
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pomembno je nanjo gledati v drugačni luči,
03:35
but maybe we should look at the strengths in our own culture
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a morda bi morali pogledati na prednosti svoje lastne kulture
03:39
and build on those foundations in the present.
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in na teh temeljih graditi sedanjost.
03:43
So here I was, December 7th, 2008.
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In tu sem bil 7. decembra 2008.
03:48
The polling stations opened to the voters at 7:00 AM,
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Volišča so se odprla ob sedmih zjutraj,
03:53
but voters, eager to take their own political fate into their hands,
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toda volivci, željni vzeti svojo politično usodo v svoje roke,
03:57
were starting to line up at 4:00 AM in the morning.
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so se začeli zbirati ob štirih zjutraj.
04:00
And they had traveled from near, they had traveled from far,
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In pripotovali so od blizu in daleč,
04:03
because they wanted to make their voices heard.
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saj so hoteli, da bi se njihov glas slišal.
04:05
And I asked one of the voters, I said, "Whom are you going to vote for?"
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Enega od volivcev sem vprašal: "Za koga boste volili?"
04:08
And he said, "I'm sorry, I can't tell you."
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Odgovoril je: "Žal mi je, ne morem vam povedati".
04:11
He said that his vote was in his heart.
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Dejal je, da je njegov glas v njegovem srcu.
04:14
And I understood, this was their election,
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In razumel sem, to so bile njihove volitve
04:17
and they weren't going to let anyone
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in nikomur niso nameravali pustiti,
04:19
take it away from them.
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da jim jih odvzame.
04:21
Now the first round of the voting didn't bring forth a clear winner --
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Prvi krog ni prinesel jasnega zmagovalca --
04:24
so nobody had achieved the absolute majority --
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nihče ni dosegel absolutne večine --
04:28
so voting went into a second round three weeks later.
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in glasovanje se je čez tri tedne ponovilo v drugem krogu.
04:31
The candidates were back on the road; they were campaigning.
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Kandidati so se vrnili na cesto, nadaljevali so kampanjo.
04:34
The rhetoric of the candidates, of course, changed.
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Retorika kandidatov se je seveda spremenila.
04:36
The heat was on.
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Bilo je vroče.
04:38
And then the cliche came to haunt us.
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In potem se je vrnil kliše, preganjal nas je.
04:43
There were claims of intimidation
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Slišati je bilo obtožbe o ustrahovanju
04:45
at the polling stations,
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na voliščih,
04:47
of ballot boxes being stolen.
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o kraji glasovnic.
04:51
Inflated results started coming in
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Prihajali so napihnjeni rezultati
04:54
and the mob was starting to get out of control.
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in počasi je množica začela uhajati nadzoru.
04:57
We witnessed the eruption of violence in the streets.
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Bili smo priča izbruhu nasilja na ulicah.
05:01
People were being beaten brutally.
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Ljudje so bili brutalno pretepeni.
05:04
The army started firing their guns. People were scrambling.
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Vojska je začela streljati. Ljudje so se prerivali.
05:07
It was complete chaos.
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To je bil popoln kaos.
05:09
And my heart sank,
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In srce me je bolelo,
05:11
because I thought, here we are again.
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saj sem mislil, pa smo spet tam.
05:13
Here is another proof
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To je še en dokaz,
05:15
that the African is not capable of governing himself.
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da si Afričani niso sposobni vladati.
05:18
And not only that, I am documenting it --
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In ne samo to, jaz to dokumentiram --
05:21
documenting my own cultural shortcomings.
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dokumentiram lastne kulturne slabosti.
05:25
So when the echo of the gunshots
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In ko je odmev streljanja
05:28
had lingered,
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kar vztrajal,
05:30
it was soon drowned by the chanting of the mob,
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ga je kmalu utopilo petje množice
05:32
and I didn't believe what I was hearing.
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in nisem mogel verjeti svojim ušesom.
05:34
They were chanting, "We want peace.
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Ljudje so peli: "Hočemo mir.
05:36
We want peace."
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Hočemo mir".
05:39
And I realized it had to come from the people.
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In spoznal sem, da je moralo priti od ljudi.
05:42
After all, they decide,
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Konec koncev oni odločajo
05:44
and they did.
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in odločili so.
05:46
So the sounds that were before distorted and loud,
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Zvoki, ki so bili prej popačeni in glasni,
05:50
were suddenly a melody.
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so nenadoma prešli v melodijo.
05:53
The sounds of the voices were harmonious.
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Glasovi so bili v harmoniji.
05:56
So it could happen.
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Torej je bilo mogoče.
05:59
A democracy could be upheld peacefully.
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Demokracija lahko obstane brez nasilja.
06:02
It could be, by the will of the masses
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Lahko, zaradi volje množice,
06:05
who were now urgently pressing
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ki je z vsem srcem in voljo
06:07
with all their heart and all their will
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vztrajno zahtevala
06:09
for peace.
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mir.
06:11
Now here's an interesting comparison.
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Tu je zanimiva primerjava.
06:14
We in the West,
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Mi na Zahodu
06:16
we preach the values,
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pridigamo o vrednotah,
06:18
the golden light of democracy,
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zlatem siju demokracije,
06:21
that we are the shining example of how it's done.
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kako smo sijajen primer, kako deluje.
06:24
But when it comes down to it,
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A v samem bistvu
06:27
Ghana found itself in the same place
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se je Gana znašla v enakem položaju
06:31
in which the U.S. election stalled
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kot ZDA med volitvami leta 2000,
06:33
in the 2000 presidential elections --
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med predsedniškimi volitvami --
06:35
Bush versus Gore.
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Bush proti Goru.
06:38
But instead of the unwillingness of the candidates
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A namesto nasprotovanja kandidatov temu,
06:41
to allow the system to proceed and the people to decide,
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da bi sistem deloval in ljudje odločili,
06:44
Ghana honored democracy
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je Gana izkazala čast demokraciji
06:47
and its people.
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in svojim ljudem.
06:49
It didn't leave it up to the Supreme Court to decide;
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Odločitve ni prepustila vrhovnemu sodišču,
06:52
the people did.
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ampak ljudem.
06:55
Now the second round of voting
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Drugi krog volitev
06:58
did not bring forth a clear winner either.
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spet ni prinesel jasnega zmagovalca.
07:00
I mean, it was so incredibly close.
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Mislim, bilo je neverjetno tesno.
07:02
The electoral commissioner declared,
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Predsednik volilne komisije je, s privolitvijo strank,
07:05
with the consent of the parties,
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najavil,
07:07
to run an unprecedented
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da bo potekal še en krog,
07:09
second re-run.
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kar se še nikoli ni zgodilo.
07:11
So the people went back to the polls
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Tako so ljudje spet šli na volišča
07:15
to determine their own president,
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in izbrali svojega predsednika,
07:17
not the legal system.
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tega ni storil pravni sistem.
07:19
And guess what, it worked.
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In veste kaj, delovalo je.
07:23
The defeated candidate
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Poraženi kandidat
07:25
gave up power
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se je odrekel oblasti
07:27
and made way for Ghana to move into a new democratic cycle.
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in dovolil Gani, da vstopi v nov demokratični cikel.
07:30
I mean, at the absolute time
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Hočem reči, v tem absolutnem času,
07:32
for the absolute need of democracy,
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ko je bila absolutna potreba po demokraciji,
07:34
they did not abuse their power.
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niso zlorabili svoje moči.
07:39
The belief in true democracy and in the people runs deep,
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Vera v pravo demokracijo in v ljudi je globoko zakoreninjena,
07:43
proving that the African is capable of governing himself.
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kar dokazuje, da so si Afričani sposobni vladati sami.
07:48
Now the uphill battle for Ghana and for Africa
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Trd boj za Gano in za Afriko
07:51
is not over,
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še ni končan,
07:53
but I have proof that the other side of democracy exists,
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imam pa dokaz, da obstaja druga stran demokracije,
07:57
and that we must not take it for granted.
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in da je ne smemo vzeti kot nekaj samoumevnega.
08:00
Now I have learned
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Naučil sem se,
08:02
that my place is not just in the West or in Africa,
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da moje mesto ni le na Zahodu ali v Afriki,
08:06
and I'm still searching
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in še vedno iščem
08:08
for my identity,
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svojo identiteto,
08:10
but I saw Ghana
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a videl sem, kako je Gana
08:13
create democracy better.
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ustvarila boljšo demokracijo.
08:15
Ghana taught me
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Gana me je naučila,
08:17
to look at people differently
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naj gledam na ljudi drugače
08:19
and to look at myself differently.
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in naj drugače gledam tudi nase.
08:22
And yes,
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In da,
08:24
we Africans can.
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mi Afričani zmoremo.
08:26
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
08:28
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
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