Jarreth Merz: Filming democracy in Ghana

26,889 views ・ 2011-09-28

TED


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:15
I was born in Switzerland
0
15260
4000
00:19
and raised in Ghana, West Africa.
1
19260
3000
00:22
Ghana felt safe to me as a child.
2
22260
2000
00:24
I was free, I was happy.
3
24260
4000
00:28
The early 70s
4
28260
2000
00:30
marked a time of musical and artistic excellence in Ghana.
5
30260
3000
00:33
But then by the end of the decade,
6
33260
2000
00:35
the country had fallen back into political instability
7
35260
3000
00:38
and mismanagement.
8
38260
3000
00:42
In 1979,
9
42260
2000
00:44
I witnessed my first military coup.
10
44260
4000
00:48
We the children had gathered at a friend's house.
11
48260
3000
00:51
It was a dimly lit shack.
12
51260
2000
00:53
There was a beaten up black and white television
13
53260
2000
00:55
flickering in the background,
14
55260
3000
00:58
and a former head of state and general
15
58260
2000
01:00
was being blindfolded
16
60260
2000
01:02
and tied to the pole.
17
62260
2000
01:04
The firing squad aimed, fired --
18
64260
3000
01:07
the general was dead.
19
67260
2000
01:09
Now this was being broadcast live.
20
69260
3000
01:12
And shortly after, we left the country,
21
72260
3000
01:15
and we returned to Switzerland.
22
75260
2000
01:17
Now Europe came as a shock to me,
23
77260
3000
01:20
and I think I started feeling the need
24
80260
3000
01:23
to shed my skin in order to fit in.
25
83260
3000
01:26
I wanted to blend in like a chameleon.
26
86260
2000
01:28
I think it was a tactic of survival.
27
88260
3000
01:31
And it worked, or so I believed.
28
91260
3000
01:34
So here I was in 2008
29
94260
5000
01:39
wondering where I was in my life.
30
99260
3000
01:42
And I felt I was being typecast as an actor.
31
102260
3000
01:45
I was always playing the exotic African.
32
105260
3000
01:48
I was playing the violent African,
33
108260
2000
01:50
the African terrorist.
34
110260
2000
01:52
And I was thinking,
35
112260
2000
01:54
how many terrorists could I possibly play
36
114260
2000
01:56
before turning into one myself?
37
116260
3000
01:59
And I had become ashamed of the other,
38
119260
3000
02:02
the African in me.
39
122260
3000
02:05
And fortunately I decided in 2008
40
125260
3000
02:08
to return to Ghana,
41
128260
2000
02:10
after 28 years of absence.
42
130260
3000
02:13
I wanted to document on film
43
133260
2000
02:15
the 2008 presidential elections.
44
135260
3000
02:18
And there, I started by searching
45
138260
3000
02:21
for the footprints in my childhood.
46
141260
2000
02:23
And before I even knew it,
47
143260
2000
02:25
I was suddenly on a stage
48
145260
2000
02:27
surrounded by thousands of cheering people
49
147260
2000
02:29
during a political rally.
50
149260
2000
02:31
And I realized that, when I'd left the country,
51
151260
3000
02:34
free and fair elections in a democratic environment
52
154260
3000
02:37
were a dream.
53
157260
2000
02:39
And now that I'd returned, that dream had become reality,
54
159260
3000
02:42
though a fragile reality.
55
162260
2000
02:44
And I was thinking,
56
164260
2000
02:46
was Ghana searching for its identity
57
166260
2000
02:48
like I was looking for my identity?
58
168260
2000
02:50
Was what was happening in Ghana a metaphor
59
170260
2000
02:52
for what was happening in me?
60
172260
3000
02:56
And it was as if through the standards of my Western life,
61
176260
6000
03:02
I hadn't lived up to my full potential.
62
182260
3000
03:05
I mean, nor had Ghana,
63
185260
2000
03:07
even though we had been trying very hard.
64
187260
2000
03:09
Now in 1957,
65
189260
2000
03:11
Ghana was the first sub-Saharan country
66
191260
2000
03:13
to gain its independence.
67
193260
2000
03:15
In the late 50s,
68
195260
2000
03:17
Ghana and Singapore had the same GDP.
69
197260
3000
03:20
I mean, today, Singapore is a First World country
70
200260
3000
03:23
and Ghana is not.
71
203260
3000
03:26
But maybe it was time to prove to myself,
72
206260
3000
03:29
yes, it's important to understand the past,
73
209260
2000
03:31
it is important to look at it in a different light,
74
211260
4000
03:35
but maybe we should look at the strengths in our own culture
75
215260
4000
03:39
and build on those foundations in the present.
76
219260
4000
03:43
So here I was, December 7th, 2008.
77
223260
5000
03:48
The polling stations opened to the voters at 7:00 AM,
78
228260
5000
03:53
but voters, eager to take their own political fate into their hands,
79
233260
4000
03:57
were starting to line up at 4:00 AM in the morning.
80
237260
3000
04:00
And they had traveled from near, they had traveled from far,
81
240260
3000
04:03
because they wanted to make their voices heard.
82
243260
2000
04:05
And I asked one of the voters, I said, "Whom are you going to vote for?"
83
245260
3000
04:08
And he said, "I'm sorry, I can't tell you."
84
248260
3000
04:11
He said that his vote was in his heart.
85
251260
3000
04:14
And I understood, this was their election,
86
254260
3000
04:17
and they weren't going to let anyone
87
257260
2000
04:19
take it away from them.
88
259260
2000
04:21
Now the first round of the voting didn't bring forth a clear winner --
89
261260
3000
04:24
so nobody had achieved the absolute majority --
90
264260
4000
04:28
so voting went into a second round three weeks later.
91
268260
3000
04:31
The candidates were back on the road; they were campaigning.
92
271260
3000
04:34
The rhetoric of the candidates, of course, changed.
93
274260
2000
04:36
The heat was on.
94
276260
2000
04:38
And then the cliche came to haunt us.
95
278260
5000
04:43
There were claims of intimidation
96
283260
2000
04:45
at the polling stations,
97
285260
2000
04:47
of ballot boxes being stolen.
98
287260
4000
04:51
Inflated results started coming in
99
291260
3000
04:54
and the mob was starting to get out of control.
100
294260
3000
04:57
We witnessed the eruption of violence in the streets.
101
297260
4000
05:01
People were being beaten brutally.
102
301260
3000
05:04
The army started firing their guns. People were scrambling.
103
304260
3000
05:07
It was complete chaos.
104
307260
2000
05:09
And my heart sank,
105
309260
2000
05:11
because I thought, here we are again.
106
311260
2000
05:13
Here is another proof
107
313260
2000
05:15
that the African is not capable of governing himself.
108
315260
3000
05:18
And not only that, I am documenting it --
109
318260
3000
05:21
documenting my own cultural shortcomings.
110
321260
4000
05:25
So when the echo of the gunshots
111
325260
3000
05:28
had lingered,
112
328260
2000
05:30
it was soon drowned by the chanting of the mob,
113
330260
2000
05:32
and I didn't believe what I was hearing.
114
332260
2000
05:34
They were chanting, "We want peace.
115
334260
2000
05:36
We want peace."
116
336260
3000
05:39
And I realized it had to come from the people.
117
339260
3000
05:42
After all, they decide,
118
342260
2000
05:44
and they did.
119
344260
2000
05:46
So the sounds that were before distorted and loud,
120
346260
4000
05:50
were suddenly a melody.
121
350260
3000
05:53
The sounds of the voices were harmonious.
122
353260
3000
05:56
So it could happen.
123
356260
3000
05:59
A democracy could be upheld peacefully.
124
359260
3000
06:02
It could be, by the will of the masses
125
362260
3000
06:05
who were now urgently pressing
126
365260
2000
06:07
with all their heart and all their will
127
367260
2000
06:09
for peace.
128
369260
2000
06:11
Now here's an interesting comparison.
129
371260
3000
06:14
We in the West,
130
374260
2000
06:16
we preach the values,
131
376260
2000
06:18
the golden light of democracy,
132
378260
3000
06:21
that we are the shining example of how it's done.
133
381260
3000
06:24
But when it comes down to it,
134
384260
3000
06:27
Ghana found itself in the same place
135
387260
4000
06:31
in which the U.S. election stalled
136
391260
2000
06:33
in the 2000 presidential elections --
137
393260
2000
06:35
Bush versus Gore.
138
395260
3000
06:38
But instead of the unwillingness of the candidates
139
398260
3000
06:41
to allow the system to proceed and the people to decide,
140
401260
3000
06:44
Ghana honored democracy
141
404260
3000
06:47
and its people.
142
407260
2000
06:49
It didn't leave it up to the Supreme Court to decide;
143
409260
3000
06:52
the people did.
144
412260
3000
06:55
Now the second round of voting
145
415260
3000
06:58
did not bring forth a clear winner either.
146
418260
2000
07:00
I mean, it was so incredibly close.
147
420260
2000
07:02
The electoral commissioner declared,
148
422260
3000
07:05
with the consent of the parties,
149
425260
2000
07:07
to run an unprecedented
150
427260
2000
07:09
second re-run.
151
429260
2000
07:11
So the people went back to the polls
152
431260
4000
07:15
to determine their own president,
153
435260
2000
07:17
not the legal system.
154
437260
2000
07:19
And guess what, it worked.
155
439260
4000
07:23
The defeated candidate
156
443260
2000
07:25
gave up power
157
445260
2000
07:27
and made way for Ghana to move into a new democratic cycle.
158
447260
3000
07:30
I mean, at the absolute time
159
450260
2000
07:32
for the absolute need of democracy,
160
452260
2000
07:34
they did not abuse their power.
161
454260
3000
07:39
The belief in true democracy and in the people runs deep,
162
459260
4000
07:43
proving that the African is capable of governing himself.
163
463260
4000
07:48
Now the uphill battle for Ghana and for Africa
164
468260
3000
07:51
is not over,
165
471260
2000
07:53
but I have proof that the other side of democracy exists,
166
473260
4000
07:57
and that we must not take it for granted.
167
477260
3000
08:00
Now I have learned
168
480260
2000
08:02
that my place is not just in the West or in Africa,
169
482260
4000
08:06
and I'm still searching
170
486260
2000
08:08
for my identity,
171
488260
2000
08:10
but I saw Ghana
172
490260
3000
08:13
create democracy better.
173
493260
2000
08:15
Ghana taught me
174
495260
2000
08:17
to look at people differently
175
497260
2000
08:19
and to look at myself differently.
176
499260
3000
08:22
And yes,
177
502260
2000
08:24
we Africans can.
178
504260
2000
08:26
Thank you.
179
506260
2000
08:28
(Applause)
180
508260
3000
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7