Jarreth Merz: Filming democracy in Ghana

26,885 views ・ 2011-09-28

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00:15
I was born in Switzerland
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and raised in Ghana, West Africa.
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Ghana felt safe to me as a child.
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I was free, I was happy.
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The early 70s
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marked a time of musical and artistic excellence in Ghana.
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But then by the end of the decade,
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the country had fallen back into political instability
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and mismanagement.
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In 1979,
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I witnessed my first military coup.
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We the children had gathered at a friend's house.
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It was a dimly lit shack.
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There was a beaten up black and white television
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flickering in the background,
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and a former head of state and general
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was being blindfolded
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and tied to the pole.
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The firing squad aimed, fired --
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the general was dead.
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Now this was being broadcast live.
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01:12
And shortly after, we left the country,
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and we returned to Switzerland.
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Now Europe came as a shock to me,
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and I think I started feeling the need
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to shed my skin in order to fit in.
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I wanted to blend in like a chameleon.
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I think it was a tactic of survival.
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And it worked, or so I believed.
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So here I was in 2008
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wondering where I was in my life.
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And I felt I was being typecast as an actor.
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I was always playing the exotic African.
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I was playing the violent African,
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the African terrorist.
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And I was thinking,
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how many terrorists could I possibly play
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before turning into one myself?
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And I had become ashamed of the other,
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the African in me.
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And fortunately I decided in 2008
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to return to Ghana,
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after 28 years of absence.
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I wanted to document on film
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the 2008 presidential elections.
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And there, I started by searching
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for the footprints in my childhood.
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And before I even knew it,
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I was suddenly on a stage
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surrounded by thousands of cheering people
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during a political rally.
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And I realized that, when I'd left the country,
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free and fair elections in a democratic environment
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were a dream.
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And now that I'd returned, that dream had become reality,
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though a fragile reality.
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And I was thinking,
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was Ghana searching for its identity
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like I was looking for my identity?
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Was what was happening in Ghana a metaphor
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for what was happening in me?
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And it was as if through the standards of my Western life,
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I hadn't lived up to my full potential.
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I mean, nor had Ghana,
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even though we had been trying very hard.
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Now in 1957,
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Ghana was the first sub-Saharan country
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to gain its independence.
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In the late 50s,
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Ghana and Singapore had the same GDP.
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I mean, today, Singapore is a First World country
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and Ghana is not.
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But maybe it was time to prove to myself,
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yes, it's important to understand the past,
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it is important to look at it in a different light,
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but maybe we should look at the strengths in our own culture
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and build on those foundations in the present.
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So here I was, December 7th, 2008.
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The polling stations opened to the voters at 7:00 AM,
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but voters, eager to take their own political fate into their hands,
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were starting to line up at 4:00 AM in the morning.
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And they had traveled from near, they had traveled from far,
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because they wanted to make their voices heard.
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And I asked one of the voters, I said, "Whom are you going to vote for?"
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And he said, "I'm sorry, I can't tell you."
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He said that his vote was in his heart.
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And I understood, this was their election,
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and they weren't going to let anyone
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take it away from them.
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Now the first round of the voting didn't bring forth a clear winner --
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so nobody had achieved the absolute majority --
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so voting went into a second round three weeks later.
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The candidates were back on the road; they were campaigning.
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The rhetoric of the candidates, of course, changed.
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The heat was on.
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And then the cliche came to haunt us.
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There were claims of intimidation
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at the polling stations,
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of ballot boxes being stolen.
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Inflated results started coming in
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and the mob was starting to get out of control.
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We witnessed the eruption of violence in the streets.
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People were being beaten brutally.
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The army started firing their guns. People were scrambling.
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It was complete chaos.
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And my heart sank,
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because I thought, here we are again.
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Here is another proof
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that the African is not capable of governing himself.
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And not only that, I am documenting it --
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documenting my own cultural shortcomings.
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So when the echo of the gunshots
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had lingered,
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it was soon drowned by the chanting of the mob,
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and I didn't believe what I was hearing.
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They were chanting, "We want peace.
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We want peace."
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And I realized it had to come from the people.
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After all, they decide,
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and they did.
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So the sounds that were before distorted and loud,
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were suddenly a melody.
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The sounds of the voices were harmonious.
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So it could happen.
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05:59
A democracy could be upheld peacefully.
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06:02
It could be, by the will of the masses
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who were now urgently pressing
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with all their heart and all their will
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for peace.
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Now here's an interesting comparison.
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06:14
We in the West,
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we preach the values,
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the golden light of democracy,
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that we are the shining example of how it's done.
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But when it comes down to it,
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Ghana found itself in the same place
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in which the U.S. election stalled
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in the 2000 presidential elections --
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Bush versus Gore.
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But instead of the unwillingness of the candidates
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to allow the system to proceed and the people to decide,
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Ghana honored democracy
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and its people.
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It didn't leave it up to the Supreme Court to decide;
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the people did.
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Now the second round of voting
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did not bring forth a clear winner either.
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07:00
I mean, it was so incredibly close.
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The electoral commissioner declared,
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with the consent of the parties,
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to run an unprecedented
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second re-run.
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So the people went back to the polls
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to determine their own president,
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not the legal system.
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And guess what, it worked.
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The defeated candidate
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gave up power
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and made way for Ghana to move into a new democratic cycle.
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I mean, at the absolute time
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for the absolute need of democracy,
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they did not abuse their power.
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The belief in true democracy and in the people runs deep,
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proving that the African is capable of governing himself.
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Now the uphill battle for Ghana and for Africa
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is not over,
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but I have proof that the other side of democracy exists,
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and that we must not take it for granted.
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Now I have learned
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that my place is not just in the West or in Africa,
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and I'm still searching
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for my identity,
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but I saw Ghana
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create democracy better.
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Ghana taught me
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to look at people differently
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and to look at myself differently.
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And yes,
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we Africans can.
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Thank you.
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08:28
(Applause)
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