Jarreth Merz: Filming democracy in Ghana

26,889 views ・ 2011-09-28

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Prevoditelj: Katarina Smetko Recezent: Zlatko Smetisko
00:15
I was born in Switzerland
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Rođen sam u Švicarskoj,
00:19
and raised in Ghana, West Africa.
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a odrastao u Gani, u zapadnoj Africi.
00:22
Ghana felt safe to me as a child.
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Dok sam bio dijete, mislio sam da je Gana sigurna.
00:24
I was free, I was happy.
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Bio sam slobodan, bio sam sretan.
00:28
The early 70s
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Početkom 70-ih godina
00:30
marked a time of musical and artistic excellence in Ghana.
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procvale su glazba i umjetnost u Gani.
00:33
But then by the end of the decade,
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No, do kraja tog desetljeća
00:35
the country had fallen back into political instability
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u zemlji je ponovno došlo do političke nestabilnosti
00:38
and mismanagement.
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i lošeg vodstva.
00:42
In 1979,
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1979. godine
00:44
I witnessed my first military coup.
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doživio sam svoj prvi vojni puč.
00:48
We the children had gathered at a friend's house.
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Mi, djeca, okupili smo se u kući jednog prijatelja.
00:51
It was a dimly lit shack.
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Bila je to slabo osvijetljena koliba.
00:53
There was a beaten up black and white television
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U njoj se nalazio oronuli crno-bijeli televizor,
00:55
flickering in the background,
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iz kojeg je slika treperila u pozadini.
00:58
and a former head of state and general
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Bivši šef države i general
01:00
was being blindfolded
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imao je povez preko očiju
01:02
and tied to the pole.
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i bio je zavezan za stup.
01:04
The firing squad aimed, fired --
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Streljački vod je naciljao, opalio --
01:07
the general was dead.
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general je bio mrtav.
01:09
Now this was being broadcast live.
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I to je bilo prenošeno uživo.
01:12
And shortly after, we left the country,
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Nedugo nakon toga, otišli smo iz zemlje
01:15
and we returned to Switzerland.
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i vratili se u Švicarsku.
01:17
Now Europe came as a shock to me,
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Europa mi je bila šok
01:20
and I think I started feeling the need
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i mislim da sam počeo osjećati potrebu
01:23
to shed my skin in order to fit in.
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da se riješim svoje kože kako bih se uklopio.
01:26
I wanted to blend in like a chameleon.
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Htio sam se stopiti s masom poput kameleona.
01:28
I think it was a tactic of survival.
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Mislim da je to bila taktika za preživljavanje.
01:31
And it worked, or so I believed.
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I uspjelo mi je, barem sam tako mislio.
01:34
So here I was in 2008
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I tako sam se 2008. godine
01:39
wondering where I was in my life.
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počeo pitati gdje sam u životu.
01:42
And I felt I was being typecast as an actor.
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Imao sam osjećaj da su mi kao glumci neprestano dodjeljivani isti tipovi uloga.
01:45
I was always playing the exotic African.
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Uvijek sam glumio egzotičnog Afrikanca.
01:48
I was playing the violent African,
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Glumio sam nasilnog Afrikanca,
01:50
the African terrorist.
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afričkog terorista.
01:52
And I was thinking,
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I mislio sam,
01:54
how many terrorists could I possibly play
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koliko terorista uopće mogu odglumiti
01:56
before turning into one myself?
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prije nego i sam postanem jedan od njih?
01:59
And I had become ashamed of the other,
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Počeo sam se sramiti drugoga,
02:02
the African in me.
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onog afričkog u sebi.
02:05
And fortunately I decided in 2008
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2008. godine, na sreću,
02:08
to return to Ghana,
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odlučio sam se vratiti u Ganu,
02:10
after 28 years of absence.
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nakon 28 godina izbivanja.
02:13
I wanted to document on film
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Htio sam zabilježiti na filmu
02:15
the 2008 presidential elections.
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predsjedničke izbore održane 2008. godine.
02:18
And there, I started by searching
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Kad sam stigao, počeo sam tražiti
02:21
for the footprints in my childhood.
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tragove svojeg djetinjstva.
02:23
And before I even knew it,
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Nisam se ni okrenuo,
02:25
I was suddenly on a stage
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a odjednom sam se našao na pozornici
02:27
surrounded by thousands of cheering people
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okružen tisućama uzbuđenih ljudi
02:29
during a political rally.
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na političkom skupu.
02:31
And I realized that, when I'd left the country,
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Shvatio sam da su, kad sam otišao iz zemlje,
02:34
free and fair elections in a democratic environment
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slobodni i pošteni izbori u demokratskom okruženju
02:37
were a dream.
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bili san.
02:39
And now that I'd returned, that dream had become reality,
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Sad kad sam se vration, taj je san postao stvarnost,
02:42
though a fragile reality.
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iako vrlo krhka.
02:44
And I was thinking,
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Mislio sam,
02:46
was Ghana searching for its identity
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traži li i Gana svoj identitet
02:48
like I was looking for my identity?
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kao što ja tražim svoj?
02:50
Was what was happening in Ghana a metaphor
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Je li to što se događalo u Gani bilo metafora
02:52
for what was happening in me?
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onoga što se događalo u meni?
02:56
And it was as if through the standards of my Western life,
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Bilo je kao da po standardima svojeg zapadnjačkog života
03:02
I hadn't lived up to my full potential.
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nisam ostvorio svoj puni potencijal.
03:05
I mean, nor had Ghana,
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Mislim, nije ni Gana,
03:07
even though we had been trying very hard.
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iako smo se doista trudili.
03:09
Now in 1957,
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1957. godine
03:11
Ghana was the first sub-Saharan country
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Gana je bila prva subsaharska zemlja
03:13
to gain its independence.
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koja je stekla nezavisnost.
03:15
In the late 50s,
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Krajem 50-ih godina
03:17
Ghana and Singapore had the same GDP.
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Gana i Singapur imali su jednak BDP.
03:20
I mean, today, Singapore is a First World country
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Danas je Singapur zemlja Prvog svijeta,
03:23
and Ghana is not.
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a Gana nije.
03:26
But maybe it was time to prove to myself,
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Možda je bilo vrijeme da dokažem sam sebi
03:29
yes, it's important to understand the past,
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kako jest važno razumjeti prošlost,
03:31
it is important to look at it in a different light,
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kako je važno gledati je u drugom svjetlu,
03:35
but maybe we should look at the strengths in our own culture
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ali možda bismo se trebali usredotočiti na prednosti naše kulture
03:39
and build on those foundations in the present.
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i graditi sadašnjost na tim temeljima.
03:43
So here I was, December 7th, 2008.
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I tako sam se našao 7. prosinca 2008.
03:48
The polling stations opened to the voters at 7:00 AM,
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na glasačkim mjestima koja su za glasače bila otvorena u 7 sati ujutro.
03:53
but voters, eager to take their own political fate into their hands,
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No glasači, željni preuzeti svoju političku sudbinu u vlastite ruke,
03:57
were starting to line up at 4:00 AM in the morning.
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su počeli pristizati već u 4 sata ujutro.
04:00
And they had traveled from near, they had traveled from far,
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Neki su živjeli blizu, neki su doputovali iz daleka,
04:03
because they wanted to make their voices heard.
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jer su željeli da se njihovi glasovi čuju.
04:05
And I asked one of the voters, I said, "Whom are you going to vote for?"
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Pitao sam jednog od glasača: "Za koga ćete glasati?"
04:08
And he said, "I'm sorry, I can't tell you."
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A on je odgovorio: "Žao mi je, ne mogu vam reći."
04:11
He said that his vote was in his heart.
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Rekao je da je njegov glas u njegovom srcu.
04:14
And I understood, this was their election,
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Razumio sam to, radilo se o njihovim izborima,
04:17
and they weren't going to let anyone
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i nisu namjeravali nikome dopustiti
04:19
take it away from them.
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da im ih oduzmu.
04:21
Now the first round of the voting didn't bring forth a clear winner --
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Nakon prvog kruga glasovanja nije bilo jasnog pobjednika --
04:24
so nobody had achieved the absolute majority --
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nitko nije dobio apsolutnu većinu glasova --
04:28
so voting went into a second round three weeks later.
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tako da je drugi krug glasovanja održan tri tjedna kasnije.
04:31
The candidates were back on the road; they were campaigning.
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Kandidati su se ponovno aktivirali, radili su na svojim kampanjama.
04:34
The rhetoric of the candidates, of course, changed.
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Naravno, retorika kandidata se promijenila.
04:36
The heat was on.
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Stvari su se zakuhavale.
04:38
And then the cliche came to haunt us.
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A onda se pojavio jedan kliše.
04:43
There were claims of intimidation
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Pričalo se o zastrašivanju
04:45
at the polling stations,
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na glasačkim mjestima,
04:47
of ballot boxes being stolen.
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o krađi glasačkih kutija.
04:51
Inflated results started coming in
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Počeli su pristizati lažni rezultati
04:54
and the mob was starting to get out of control.
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i svjetina se počela otimati kontroli.
04:57
We witnessed the eruption of violence in the streets.
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Doživjeli smo erupciju nasilja na ulicama.
05:01
People were being beaten brutally.
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Ljude su brutalno premlaćivali.
05:04
The army started firing their guns. People were scrambling.
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Vojska je počela pucati. Ljudi su bježali u panici.
05:07
It was complete chaos.
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Bio je to potpun kaos.
05:09
And my heart sank,
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Srce mi se steglo
05:11
because I thought, here we are again.
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jer sam mislio, evo ga opet.
05:13
Here is another proof
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Evo još jednog dokaza
05:15
that the African is not capable of governing himself.
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da se Afrikanci ne znaju brinuti sami za sebe.
05:18
And not only that, I am documenting it --
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I ne samo to, ja to snimam --
05:21
documenting my own cultural shortcomings.
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snimam nedostatke vlastite kulture.
05:25
So when the echo of the gunshots
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Dok je zvuk pucnjave
05:28
had lingered,
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još odjekivao,
05:30
it was soon drowned by the chanting of the mob,
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ubrzo su ga nadglasali ljudi koji su pjevali,
05:32
and I didn't believe what I was hearing.
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a ja nisam mogao vjerovati svojim ušima.
05:34
They were chanting, "We want peace.
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Pjevali su: "Želimo mir.
05:36
We want peace."
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Želimo mir."
05:39
And I realized it had to come from the people.
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Shvatio sam da je to moralo krenuti od ljudi.
05:42
After all, they decide,
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Na kraju krajeva, oni odlučuju,
05:44
and they did.
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i točno su to i učinili.
05:46
So the sounds that were before distorted and loud,
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Zvukovi koji su prije bili nepravilni i glasni
05:50
were suddenly a melody.
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odjednom su postali melodija.
05:53
The sounds of the voices were harmonious.
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Zvukovi glasova bili su skladni.
05:56
So it could happen.
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Znači, to je ipak bilo moguće.
05:59
A democracy could be upheld peacefully.
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Demokracija se može mirno održati.
06:02
It could be, by the will of the masses
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Može se, ako je to volja mase,
06:05
who were now urgently pressing
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koja je sada tražila
06:07
with all their heart and all their will
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svim srcem i svim umom
06:09
for peace.
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mir.
06:11
Now here's an interesting comparison.
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Evo zanimljive usporedbe.
06:14
We in the West,
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Mi na Zapadu
06:16
we preach the values,
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zagovaramo vrijednosti,
06:18
the golden light of democracy,
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zlatno svjetlo demokracije,
06:21
that we are the shining example of how it's done.
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misleći kako smo svijetli primjer kako se to radi.
06:24
But when it comes down to it,
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Ali na kraju se sve svodi na to
06:27
Ghana found itself in the same place
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da se Gana našla u istoj situaciji
06:31
in which the U.S. election stalled
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u kojoj je zapeo i SAD
06:33
in the 2000 presidential elections --
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na predsjedničkim izborima 2000. godine --
06:35
Bush versus Gore.
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Bush protiv Gorea.
06:38
But instead of the unwillingness of the candidates
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No, umjesto nevoljkosti kandidata
06:41
to allow the system to proceed and the people to decide,
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da prihvate sustav i dopuste ljudima da odluče,
06:44
Ghana honored democracy
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Gana je odala počast demokraciji
06:47
and its people.
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i svojim ljudima.
06:49
It didn't leave it up to the Supreme Court to decide;
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Nije prepustila odluku Vrhovnom sudu,
06:52
the people did.
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već ljudima.
06:55
Now the second round of voting
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No, ni drugi krug glasovanja.
06:58
did not bring forth a clear winner either.
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nije donio pobjednika.
07:00
I mean, it was so incredibly close.
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Mislim, bilo je toliko blizu.
07:02
The electoral commissioner declared,
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Povjerenik za izbore odlučio je,
07:05
with the consent of the parties,
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uz pristanak stranaka,
07:07
to run an unprecedented
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da se po prvi put provede
07:09
second re-run.
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još jedan krug glasovanja.
07:11
So the people went back to the polls
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Ljudi su ponovno otišli na glasačka mjesta
07:15
to determine their own president,
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kako bi izabrali svojeg predsjednika,
07:17
not the legal system.
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a ne pravni sustav.
07:19
And guess what, it worked.
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I pogodite što, uspjelo je.
07:23
The defeated candidate
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Poraženi se kandidat
07:25
gave up power
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odrekao vlasti
07:27
and made way for Ghana to move into a new democratic cycle.
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i omogućio Gani da započne nov demokratski ciklus.
07:30
I mean, at the absolute time
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Hoću reći da u apsolutnom vremenu
07:32
for the absolute need of democracy,
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s apsolutnom potrebom za demokracijom
07:34
they did not abuse their power.
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nisu zloupotrijebili svoju vlast.
07:39
The belief in true democracy and in the people runs deep,
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Duboka je vjera u pravu demokraciju i u ljude,
07:43
proving that the African is capable of governing himself.
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što dokazuje da su Afrikanci sposobni brinuti se sami za sebe.
07:48
Now the uphill battle for Ghana and for Africa
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Naporna borba za Ganu i za Afriku
07:51
is not over,
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nije gotova,
07:53
but I have proof that the other side of democracy exists,
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ali imam dokaze da postoji druga strana demokracije
07:57
and that we must not take it for granted.
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i da je ne smijemo uzimati zdravo za gotovo.
08:00
Now I have learned
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Naučio sam
08:02
that my place is not just in the West or in Africa,
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da moje mjesto nije samo na Zapadu ili u Africi.
08:06
and I'm still searching
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Još uvijek tražim
08:08
for my identity,
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svoj identitet,
08:10
but I saw Ghana
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ali vidio sam kako Gana
08:13
create democracy better.
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na bolji način stvara demokraciju.
08:15
Ghana taught me
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Gana me naučila
08:17
to look at people differently
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da ljude gledam drugačije
08:19
and to look at myself differently.
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i da sebe gledam drugačije.
08:22
And yes,
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I da,
08:24
we Africans can.
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mi Afrikanci to možemo.
08:26
Thank you.
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Hvala.
08:28
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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