Bill Gates: Teachers need real feedback

2,436,566 views ใƒป 2013-05-08

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Seung-Ean JIN ๊ฒ€ํ† : Yoon Park
00:12
Everyone needs a coach.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
It doesn't matter whether you're a basketball player,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋†๊ตฌ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ ,
00:18
a tennis player, a gymnast
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ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ , ์ฒด์กฐ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“ ,
00:21
or a bridge player.
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๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์นด๋“œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋“  ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:26
My bridge coach, Sharon Osberg,
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์ œ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์ฝ”์น˜์ธ ์ƒค๋ก  ์˜ค์Šค๋ฒ„๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
00:29
says there are more pictures of the back of her head
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์ž๊ธฐ ๋’คํ†ต์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค
00:31
than anyone else's in the world. (Laughter)
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฐํ˜”์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (์›ƒ์Œ)
00:34
Sorry, Sharon. Here you go.
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๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ์ƒค๋ก . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹  ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด์—์š”.
00:38
We all need people who will give us feedback.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
That's how we improve.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์ด์ฃ .
00:44
Unfortunately, there's one group of people
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
00:47
who get almost no systematic feedback
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
00:50
to help them do their jobs better,
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์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
and these people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง์—…์€
00:53
have one of the most important jobs in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง์—… ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I'm talking about teachers.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
When Melinda and I learned
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๋ฉœ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค์™€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
01:01
how little useful feedback most teachers get,
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์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์„ ๋•Œ,
01:04
we were blown away.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ ˆํ•  ๋ป” ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Until recently, over 98 percent of teachers
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์ตœ๊ทผ๊นŒ์ง€๋„, 98 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
01:10
just got one word of feedback:
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๊ทธ์ € ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
01:13
Satisfactory.
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์–‘ํ˜ธํ•จ.
01:15
If all my bridge coach ever told me
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์ฝ”์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:18
was that I was "satisfactory,"
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๋„ˆ๋Š” "์–‘ํ˜ธ"ํ•ด, ๊ฐ€ ์ „๋ถ€์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:20
I would have no hope of ever getting better.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๊ฐ€๋ง๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑด ์—†์—ˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
01:23
How would I know who was the best?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์••๋„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
01:26
How would I know what I was doing differently?
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์ œ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
01:30
Today, districts are revamping
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์ง€์—ญ ๊ต์œก์ฒญ์—์„œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„
01:32
the way they evaluate teachers,
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ํ‰๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
but we still give them almost no feedback
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—
01:38
that actually helps them improve their practice.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Our teachers deserve better.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:44
The system we have today isn't fair to them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
It's not fair to students,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
01:49
and it's putting America's global leadership at risk.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋น ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
So today I want to talk about how we can help all teachers
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ฐ›์„๋งŒํ•œ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”,
01:58
get the tools for improvement they want and deserve.
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๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Let's start by asking who's doing well.
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๋จผ์ € ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:06
Well, unfortunately there's no international ranking tables
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์ฒด๊ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:09
for teacher feedback systems.
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๊ตญ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ˆœ์œ„ํ‘œ๋Š” ์—†๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
02:11
So I looked at the countries
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•™๊ณผ์—์„œ
02:13
whose students perform well academically,
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์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
02:16
and looked at what they're doing
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:19
to help their teachers improve.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Consider the rankings for reading proficiency.
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์ด ์ง€๋ฌธ ๋…ํ•ด๋ ฅ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:25
The U.S. isn't number one.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ 1๋“ฑ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
02:27
We're not even in the top 10.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 10์œ„๊ถŒ ์•ˆ์—๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
We're tied for 15th with Iceland and Poland.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 15์œ„๋กœ ์•„์ด์Šฌ๋ž€๋“œ, ํด๋ž€๋“œ์™€ ๋™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
Now, out of all the places
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ €๊ธฐ ์ € ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค,
02:37
that do better than the U.S. in reading,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ,
02:39
how many of them have a formal system
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ
02:42
for helping teachers improve?
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๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช‡์ด๋‚˜ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:45
Eleven out of 14.
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14๊ฐœ๊ตญ ์ค‘ 11๊ฐœ๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
The U.S. is tied for 15th in reading,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์ฝ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” 15์œ„ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
02:50
but we're 23rd in science and 31st in math.
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๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” 23์œ„, ์ˆ˜ํ•™์—์„œ๋Š” 31์œ„์ฃ .
02:55
So there's really only one area where we're near the top,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 1๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋‚˜๋งˆ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฑ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:58
and that's in failing to give our teachers
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์˜
03:00
the help they need to develop their skills.
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๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
Let's look at the best academic performer:
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์ง€๋ฌธ ๋…ํ•ด์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ธ ๊ณณ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ :
03:07
the province of Shanghai, China.
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์ค‘๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ•˜์ด ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด๋„ค์š”.
03:10
Now, they rank number one across the board,
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์ƒํ•˜์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ 1๋“ฑ์„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ 
03:14
in reading, math and science,
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์ฝ๊ธฐ, ์ˆ˜ํ•™, ๊ณผํ•™์—์„œ์š”.
03:17
and one of the keys to Shanghai's incredible success
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์ƒํ•˜์ด์˜ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์„ฑ๊ณต์˜ ์—ด์‡  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
03:20
is the way they help teachers keep improving.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋•๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
They made sure that younger teachers
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์ƒํ•˜์ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต์  ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์ ์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
03:26
get a chance to watch master teachers at work.
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๋ฒ ํ…Œ๋ž‘ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
They have weekly study groups,
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๋งค์ฃผ ๋ชจ์ด๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ ๊ณต๋ถ€ ๋ชจ์ž„๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
03:32
where teachers get together and talk about what's working.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
They even require each teacher to observe
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•ด์„œ
03:38
and give feedback to their colleagues.
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๋™๋ฃŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ฃผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
You might ask, why is a system like this so important?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ , "์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:45
It's because there's so much variation
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—
03:48
in the teaching profession.
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Some teachers are far more effective than others.
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์–ด๋–ค ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช‡ ๋ฐฐ๋Š” ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ฃ .
03:54
In fact, there are teachers throughout the country
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „๊ตญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด๋„๋ก
03:57
who are helping their students make extraordinary gains.
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๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
If today's average teacher
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:02
could become as good as those teachers,
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์ € ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ข‹์•„์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:05
our students would be blowing away the rest of the world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ตœ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
So we need a system that helps all our teachers
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
04:12
be as good as the best.
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๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
What would that system look like?
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๊ทธ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
04:17
Well, to find out, our foundation
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์žฌ๋‹จ์€
04:19
has been working with 3,000 teachers
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ต์œก์ฒญ ์†Œ์†
04:21
in districts across the country
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3,000 ๋ช…์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
04:23
on a project called Measures of Effective Teaching.
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ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋ฒ•(MET)์ด๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
We had observers watch videos
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฐธ๊ด€์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
04:30
of teachers in the classroom
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
and rate how they did on a range of practices.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
For example, did they ask their students
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:37
challenging questions?
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๋‚œ์ด๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋˜์กŒ๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
04:39
Did they find multiple ways to explain an idea?
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"์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
04:43
We also had students fill out surveys with questions like,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
"Does your teacher know
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"์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€
04:50
when the class understands a lesson?"
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ˆ˜์—… ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
04:52
"Do you learn to correct your mistakes?"
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"์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‚˜์š”?"
04:55
And what we found is very exciting.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
First, the teachers who did well on these observations
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์ฒซ์งธ๋กœ, ํ‰๊ฐ€๋‹จ์—๊ฒŒ ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
05:02
had far better student outcomes.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์„ฑ์ ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
So it tells us we're asking the right questions.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋˜์ง„๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋˜์ฃ .
05:08
And second, teachers in the program told us
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๋‘˜์งธ๋กœ, ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
05:11
that these videos and these surveys from the students
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์ด ์˜์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ์„ค๋ฌธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
05:14
were very helpful diagnostic tools,
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๋งค์šฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ง„๋‹จ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
because they pointed to specific places
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
05:20
where they can improve.
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์ƒ์„ธํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
I want to show you what this video component of MET
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ MET ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์˜ ์˜์ƒ์ด
05:26
looks like in action.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
05:31
(Video) Sarah Brown Wessling: Good morning everybody.
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(์˜์ƒ) ์‚ฌ๋ผ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด ์›จ์Šฌ๋ง: ์ข‹์€ ์•„์นจ์ด์—์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
05:33
Let's talk about what's going on today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:35
To get started, we're doing a peer review day, okay?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋™๋ฃŒ ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:39
A peer review day, and our goal by the end of class
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์“ด
05:41
is for you to be able to determine
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๊ธ€์—์„œ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
05:43
whether or not you have moves to prove in your essays.
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
05:46
My name is Sarah Brown Wessling.
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ผ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šด ์›จ์Šฌ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
I am a high school English teacher
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด์˜ค์™€ ์ฃผ(ๅทž)์˜ ์กด์ŠคํŠผ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
05:49
at Johnston High School in Johnston, Iowa.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Turn to somebody next to you.
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์˜† ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:53
Tell them what you think I mean when I talk about moves to prove. I've talk about --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์˜† ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:56
I think that there is a difference for teachers
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
05:58
between the abstract of how we see our practice
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ
06:02
and then the concrete reality of it.
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๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํ˜„์‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:03
Okay, so I would like you to please bring up your papers.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ฐ์ž ์ž๊ธฐ ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ๋„์šฐ์„ธ์š”.
06:07
I think what video offers for us
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์ €๋Š” ๋…นํ™”๋œ ์˜์ƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:10
is a certain degree of reality.
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์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”.
06:12
You can't really dispute what you see on the video,
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์˜์ƒ์— ์ฐํ˜€์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”,
06:15
and there is a lot to be learned from that,
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์˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ ๋„ ๋งŽ์ฃ .
06:17
and there are a lot of ways that we can grow
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ,
06:19
as a profession when we actually get to see this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ์จ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:22
I just have a flip camera and a little tripod
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์ €๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ฆฝ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์™€ ์ž‘์€ ์‚ผ๊ฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
06:25
and invested in this tiny little wide-angle lens.
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์ด ์ž‘์€ ๊ด‘๊ฐ ๋ Œ์ฆˆ์— ๋ˆ์„ ์ข€ ์ผ์–ด์š”.
06:29
At the beginning of class, I just perch it
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์ˆ˜์—… ์‹œ์ž‘ ์ „์— ์ด ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ
06:31
in the back of the classroom. It's not a perfect shot.
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๊ต์‹ค ๋’ค์ชฝ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•ด์š”. ๊ต์‹ค ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
06:34
It doesn't catch every little thing that's going on.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์„ธ์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค ์žก์•„๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ด์š”.
06:36
But I can hear the sound. I can see a lot.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:40
And I'm able to learn a lot from it.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์ƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:42
So it really has been a simple
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ
06:45
but powerful tool in my own reflection.
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:47
All right, let's take a look at the long one first, okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:51
Once I'm finished taping, then I put it in my computer,
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๋…นํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด, ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๊ฝ‚์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
and then I'll scan it and take a peek at it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์„œ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
If I don't write things down, I don't remember them.
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ ์–ด๋†“์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด, ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์ž˜ ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
06:58
So having the notes is a part of my thinking process,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ณ 
07:02
and I discover what I'm seeing as I'm writing.
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์“ฐ๋Š” ๋„์ค‘ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ฃ .
07:06
I really have used it for my own personal growth
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฑธ ์ œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ „๊ณผ,
07:08
and my own personal reflection on teaching strategy
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ต์ˆ˜ ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
07:11
and methodology and classroom management,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”์ง€, ํ˜น์€ ํ•™๊ธ‰ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋‚˜
07:14
and just all of those different facets of the classroom.
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์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฉด์— ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
I'm glad that we've actually done the process before
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์ฐธ ์ž˜ ๋œ๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์„œ
07:20
so we can kind of compare what works, what doesn't.
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์–ด๋–ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
07:23
I think that video exposes
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—… ๋…นํ™” ์˜์ƒ์€
07:26
so much of what's intrinsic to us as teachers
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
in ways that help us learn and help us understand,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ณ ,
07:33
and then help our broader communities understand
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ „์ฒด์—๊ฒŒ ํ•™๊ต ์ˆ˜์—…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ณผ์ •์ด
07:35
what this complex work is really all about.
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๊ณผ์—ฐ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
07:39
I think it is a way to exemplify and illustrate
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์—… ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
07:43
things that we cannot convey in a lesson plan,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค,
07:46
things you cannot convey in a standard,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค,
07:48
things that you cannot even sometimes convey
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๊ต์œกํ•™ ์„œ์ ์— ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋‹ด์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
07:51
in a book of pedagogy.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
Alrighty, everybody, have a great weekend.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ข‹์€ ์ฃผ๋ง ๋ณด๋‚ด์„ธ์š”.
07:56
I'll see you later.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ด์š”.
07:57
[Every classroom could look like that]
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[๋ชจ๋“  ๊ต์‹ค์ด ์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค]
07:59
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
08:05
Bill Gates: One day, we'd like every classroom in America
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๋นŒ ๊ฒŒ์ด์ธ : ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€๋Š”, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ต์‹ค์ด
08:08
to look something like that.
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์ €๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
But we still have more work to do.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง๋„ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
Diagnosing areas where a teacher needs to improve
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ง„๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
08:16
is only half the battle.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
We also have to give them the tools they need
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ์ง„๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐ
08:21
to act on the diagnosis.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
If you learn that you need to improve
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
08:25
the way you teach fractions,
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๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
08:27
you should be able to watch a video
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜
08:29
of the best person in the world teaching fractions.
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๊ฐ•์˜ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
So building this complete teacher feedback
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ๊ณผ
08:36
and improvement system won't be easy.
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๊ฐœ์„  ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ์€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
For example, I know some teachers
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด
08:41
aren't immediately comfortable with the idea
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๊ต์‹ค ์•ˆ์— ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ
08:43
of a camera in the classroom.
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๋‹น์žฅ์€ ํƒํƒ์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
That's understandable, but our experience with MET
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์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ MET์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
08:49
suggests that if teachers manage the process,
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
08:53
if they collect video in their own classrooms,
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—… ์˜์ƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์•„
08:55
and they pick the lessons they want to submit,
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์ œ์ถœํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋„๋ก ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:58
a lot of them will be eager to participate.
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๋งŽ์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
Building this system will also require
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š”
09:05
a considerable investment.
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์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•œ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Our foundation estimates that it could cost
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์žฌ๋‹จ์˜ ์ถ”์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„๋งˆ๋„
09:11
up to five billion dollars.
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์ตœ๋Œ€ 50์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
Now that's a big number, but to put it in perspective,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ํฐ ๋ˆ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด
09:18
it's less than two percent
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค๋…„ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ๊ธ‰์—ฌ์˜
09:20
of what we spend every year on teacher salaries.
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๊ณ ์ž‘ 2 ํผ์„ผํŠธ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
The impact for teachers would be phenomenal.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น  ์˜ํ–ฅ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šธ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
We would finally have a way to give them feedback,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์„ ์ค„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ๊ณ ,
09:32
as well as the means to act on it.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
But this system would have
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—
09:35
an even more important benefit for our country.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
It would put us on a path to making sure
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์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ
09:42
all our students get a great education,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
09:46
find a career that's fulfilling and rewarding,
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์„ฑ์ทจ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋žŒ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ 
09:48
and have a chance to live out their dreams.
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๊ฟˆ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
This wouldn't just make us a more successful country.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋” ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ•  ๊ธธ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
It would also make us a more fair and just one, too.
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ๋” ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •์˜๋กœ์šด ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
I'm excited about the opportunity
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
10:04
to give all our teachers the support they want and deserve.
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๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ์ฐธ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ๋“ค๋œน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
I hope you are too.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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