David Bismark: E-voting without fraud

69,858 views ใƒป 2010-11-02

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Ariel Kirson ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:16
So there are a few things
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ื™ืฉื ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืขื˜ื™ื
00:18
that bring us humans together in the way that an election does.
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ื”ืžืื—ื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื›ืžื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
00:21
We stand in elections; we vote in elections;
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืชืคื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช, ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
00:24
we observe elections.
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ื•ืฆื•ืคื™ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
00:26
Our democracies rely on elections.
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ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืกืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
00:29
We all understand why we have elections,
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
00:32
and we all leave the house on the same day
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื”ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื•ื
00:34
to go and vote.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข.
00:36
We cherish the opportunity to have our say,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ืงื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื‘ื˜ื ืืช ื“ืขื•ืชื ื•,
00:39
to help decide the future of the country.
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ื•ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืขืชื™ื“ ืžื“ื™ื ืชื ื•.
00:44
The fundamental idea is that politicians
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ื”ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ ื”ื•ื ืฉืื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืคื•ืœื™ื˜ืงืื™ื
00:46
are given mandate to speak for us,
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ืžื ื“ื˜ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉืžื ื•,
00:49
to make decisions on our behalf
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ื˜ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช
00:51
that affect us all.
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ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
00:53
Without that mandate, they would be corrupt.
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ืœื•ืœื ืื•ืชื• ืžื ื“ื˜, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืขืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฉื—ืชื™ื.
00:56
Well unfortunately, power corrupts,
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ื˜ื•ื‘, ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ื”ื›ื— ืžืฉื—ื™ืช,
00:58
and so people will do lots of things
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ืœื›ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืขืฉื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
01:01
to get power and to stay in power,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื— ื•ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืขืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ื—,
01:04
including doing bad things to elections.
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ื•ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืจืขื™ื ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
01:08
You see, even if the idea
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ืชืจืื•, ื’ื ืื ืขืงืจื•ืŸ
01:10
of the election is perfect,
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ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฉืœื,
01:12
running a countrywide election is a big project,
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ืœืชืคืขืœ ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ื–ื”ื• ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
01:15
and big projects are messy.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืœืื’ืŸ ื›ืฉืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื.
01:18
Whenever there is an election,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
01:20
it seems like something always goes wrong,
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ื ื“ืžื” ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืžืฉืชื‘ืฉ,
01:22
someone tries to cheat,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื ืกื” ืœืจืžื•ืช,
01:24
or something goes accidentally awry --
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ืื• ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ืžืฉืชื‘ืฉ ื‘ื˜ืขื•ืช --
01:27
a ballot box goes missing here,
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ืงืœืคื™ ื ืขืœื ืคื”,
01:30
chads are left hanging over here.
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ื ื™ืงื•ื‘ ื ืขืœื ืฉื.
01:33
To make sure as few things as possible go wrong,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืžืฆื ืืช ื”ื›ืฉืœื™ื ื›ืžื” ืฉืืคืฉืจ,
01:37
we have all these procedures around the election.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
01:40
So for example, you come to the polling station,
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ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืชื” ืžื’ื™ืข ืœืชื—ื ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”,
01:43
and a poll station worker asks for your ID
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ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืชื—ื ื” ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืžืžืš ืชืขื•ื“ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช
01:46
before giving you a ballot form
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืกืจ ืœืš ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”
01:48
and asking you to go into a voting booth
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ื•ืžืคื ื” ืื•ืชืš ืœืคืจื’ื•ื“
01:50
to fill out your vote.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข.
01:52
When you come back out, you get to drop your vote
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ื›ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืฉื•ื‘, ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœืฉืœืฉืœ ืืช ืคืชืง ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”
01:54
into the ballot box
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ืœืชื•ืš ืงื•ืคืกืช ื”ืงืœืคื™
01:56
where it mixes with all the other votes,
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ืฉื ื”ื•ื ืžืชืขืจื‘ื‘ ืขื ื™ืชืจ ื”ืคืชืงื™ื,
01:58
so that no one knows how you voted.
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ื›ืš ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื™ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืฆื‘ืขืช.
02:01
Well, what I want us to think about for a moment
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื• ืœืจื’ืข
02:03
is what happens after that,
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ื”ื•ื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืš,
02:05
after you drop your vote into the ballot box.
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืืชื” ืžืฉืœืฉืœ ืืช ื”ืคืชืง ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืงืœืคื™.
02:07
And most people would go home
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”
02:09
and feel sure that their vote has been counted,
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ื•ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื”ื ื ืกืคืจ,
02:11
because they trust
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš
02:13
that the election system works.
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ืฉืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช.
02:15
They trust that election workers and election observers
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ื”ื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืคืงื—ื™ื
02:18
do their jobs and do their jobs correctly.
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ื™ืขืฉื• ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื ื ืืžื ื”.
02:22
The ballot boxes go to counting places.
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ื”ืงืœืคื™ื•ืช ื ืฉืœื—ื•ืช ืœืืชืจื™ ืกืคื™ืจื”.
02:25
They're unsealed and the votes are poured out
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ืžืกื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืชืžื™ื, ืฉื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ืคืชืงื™ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”
02:28
and laboriously counted.
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ื•ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ืกืคื™ืจื” ืžื™ื’ืขืช.
02:31
Most of us have to trust
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ืจื•ื‘ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื›ืš
02:33
that that happens correctly for our own vote,
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ืฉืงื•ืœื ื• ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ื ืกืคืจ ื›ืจืื•ื™,
02:35
and we all have to trust that that happens correctly
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืกืžื•ืš ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืกืคื™ืจื” ืžืชื‘ืฆืขืช ื›ืจืื•ื™
02:38
for all the votes in the election.
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืคืชืงื™ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
02:41
So we have to trust a lot of people.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื.
02:45
We have to trust a lot of procedures.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื.
02:49
And sometimes we even have to trust computers.
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื.
02:54
So imagine hundreds of millions of voters
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ืื– ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืœืขืฆืžื›ื ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื
02:56
casting hundreds of millions of votes,
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ื•ืžืื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื•ื ื™ ืงื•ืœื•ืช,
02:58
all to be counted correctly
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ืฉืืช ื›ื•ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ
03:01
and all the things that can possibly go wrong
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ื•ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื‘ืฉ
03:04
causing all these bad headlines,
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ื•ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืขื™ืชื•ื ื™ื.
03:09
and you cannot help but feel exhausted at the idea
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ื•ืงืฉื” ืฉืœื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืืฉ ืžื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”
03:12
of trying to make elections better.
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ืขืœ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
03:18
Well in the face of all these bad headlines,
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ืื– ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช ื”ืจืขื•ืช ื”ืืœื•,
03:20
researchers have taken a step back
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ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืœืงื—ื• ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื”
03:23
and thought about how we can do elections differently.
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ื•ื ื™ืกื• ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืื™ืš ืืคืฉืจ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช.
03:27
They've zoomed out and looked at the big picture.
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ื”ื ืขืฉื• "ื–ื•ื" ื”ื—ื•ืฆื” ื•ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ื•ืช.
03:30
And the big picture is this:
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ื•ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื›ื•ืœืœื•ืช:
03:32
elections should be verifiable.
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ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช.
03:36
Voters should be able to check
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ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง
03:39
that their votes are counted correctly,
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ืฉืงื•ืœื•ืชื™ื”ื ื ืกืคืจื• ื›ืฉื•ืจื”,
03:42
without breaking election secrecy,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืคืจ ืืช ืกื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
03:44
which is so very important.
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ืฉื”ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื›ืœ-ื›ืš.
03:47
And that's the tough part.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ืงืฉื”.
03:49
How do we make an election system completely verifiable
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ืื™ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžืขืจื›ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช,
03:52
while keeping the votes
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ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืขืฆืžื
03:54
absolutely secret?
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ื ืฉืžืจื™ื ื‘ืกื•ื“?
03:56
Well, the way we've come up with
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ืื– ื›ื›ื”, ื”ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช
03:58
uses computers
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ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื
04:00
but doesn't depend on them.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื ื” ืžืกืชืžื›ืช ืขืœื™ื”ื.
04:02
And the secret is the ballot form.
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ื•ื”ืกื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ื‘ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื”.
04:04
And if you look closely at these ballot forms,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืชืกืชื›ืœื• ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื˜ืคืกื™ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:06
you'll notice that the candidate list
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ืชืฉื™ืžื• ืœื‘ ืฉืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื
04:08
is in a different order on each one.
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ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืฉื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื˜ืคืกื™ื.
04:10
And that means, if you mark your choices on one of them
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ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ, ืฉืื ืชืกืžืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœืš ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ืฉืœืš
04:13
and then remove the candidate list,
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ื•ืื– ืชืกื™ืจ ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื,
04:15
I won't be able to tell from the bit remaining
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืขืœ-ืคื™ ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉื ืฉืืจ ื‘ื™ื“ื™
04:18
what your vote is for.
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ื‘ืžื™ ืืชื” ื‘ื—ืจืช.
04:21
And on each ballot form there is this encrypted value
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ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฉื ื• ืขืจืš ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ
04:24
in the form of this 2D barcode
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื‘ืจืงื•ื“ ื”ื“ื•-ืžืžื“ื™ ื”ื–ื”
04:26
on the right.
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ื‘ืฆื“ ื™ืžื™ืŸ.
04:28
And there's some complicated cryptography
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ื• ื”ืฆืคื ื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช
04:30
going on in there,
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ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื–ื”,
04:32
but what's not complicated
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉืœื ืžืกื•ื‘ืš
04:34
is voting with one of these forms.
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ื”ื•ื ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ื–ื”.
04:37
So we can let computers do all the complicated cryptography for us,
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื”ืฆืคื ื” ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•,
04:40
and then we'll use the paper for verification.
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ื•ื ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืจ ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืื™ืžื•ืช.
04:44
So this is how you vote.
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ืื– ื›ื›ื” ืืชื ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื.
04:46
You get one of these ballot forms at random,
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ืืชื ืชืงื‘ืœื• ื˜ื•ืคืก ื”ืฆื‘ืขื” ืืงืจืื™,
04:50
and then you go into the voting booth,
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ืชื™ื›ื ืกื• ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื’ื•ื“,
04:52
and you mark your choices,
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ืชืกืžื ื• ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื›ื,
04:54
and you tear along a perforation.
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ื•ืชืชืœืฉื• ืืช ื”ืกืคื— ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ืงื• ื”ืžื ื•ืงื‘.
04:59
And you shred the candidate list.
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ื•ืืชื ืชื’ืจืกื• ืืช ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื•ืขืžื“ื™ื.
05:02
And the bit that remains, the one with your marks --
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืง ืฉื™ื™ืฉืืจ, ื–ื” ืขื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื›ื,
05:05
this is your encrypted vote.
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ื”ื•ื ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ืฉืœื›ื.
05:07
So you let a poll station worker
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ืื– ืืชื ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ ื”ืงืœืคื™
05:09
scan your encrypted vote.
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ืœืกืจื•ืง ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ืฉืœื›ื.
05:11
And because it's encrypted,
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ,
05:13
it can be submitted, stored
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืกื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•, ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•,
05:15
and counted centrally
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ื•ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™
05:18
and displayed on a website
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ื•ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜
05:20
for anyone to see, including you.
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ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื›ืœ, ื•ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืœืขื™ื ื™ื›ื.
05:23
So you take this encrypted vote
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ืื– ืืชื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ ื”ื–ื”
05:26
home as your receipt.
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ื”ื‘ื™ืชื” ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืงื‘ืœื”.
05:28
And after the close of the election,
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ื•ื‘ืชื•ื ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช,
05:30
you can check that your vote was counted
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ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืฉืกืคืจื• ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื›ื
05:32
by comparing your receipt
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืืช ื”ืงื‘ืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื›ื
05:35
to the vote on the website.
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ืœืงื•ืœ ืฉื ืจืฉื ื‘ืืชืจ ื”ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜.
05:39
And remember, the vote is encrypted
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ื•ื–ื›ืจื•, ื”ืงื•ืœ ืžื•ืฆืคืŸ
05:41
from the moment you leave the voting booth,
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ืžื”ืจื’ืข ืฉื™ืฆืืชื ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ ื”ืคืจื’ื•ื“,
05:44
so if an election official wants to find out how you voted,
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ื›ืš, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื’ื ืื ื™ืจืฆื• ืคืงื™ื“ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืขืชื,
05:47
they will not be able to.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
05:49
If the government wants to find out how you voted,
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ืื ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืชืจืฆื” ืœื“ืขืช ืœืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืขืชื,
05:51
they won't be able to.
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ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
05:54
No hacker can break in
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ืืฃ ืคื•ืจืฅ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื (ื”ืืงืจ) ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืจื•ืฅ
05:56
and find out how you voted.
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ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืœืžื™ ื”ืฆื‘ืขืชื.
05:58
No hacker can break in and change your vote,
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ืืฃ ื”ืืงืจ ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืคืจื•ืฅ ืœืžืขืจื›ืช ื•ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฆื‘ืขืชื›ื,
06:01
because then it won't match your receipt.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื– ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืจืฉื•ื ืœื ื™ืชืื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœื” ืฉื‘ื™ื“ื›ื.
06:04
Votes can't go missing
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ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ืขืœื,
06:07
because then you won't find yours when you look for it.
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื– ืœื ืชืžืฆืื• ืื•ืชื ื›ืฉืชื—ืคืฉื• ืื•ืชื ื‘ืืชืจ.
06:11
But the election magic doesn't stop there.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขื ื”ืงืกื ื”ื–ื”.
06:14
Instead, we want to make the whole process
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื”
06:16
so transparent
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ื›ืœ-ื›ืš ืฉืงื•ืฃ
06:18
that news media and international observers
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ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื” ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืชื™ืช ื•ืคืงื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื
06:21
and anyone who wants to
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื™ืจืฆื”
06:23
can download all the election data
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ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช
06:25
and do the count themselves.
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ื•ืœืกืคื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื.
06:27
They can check that all the votes were counted correctly.
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ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉืกืคืจื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื›ืฉื•ืจื”.
06:30
They can check
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ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง
06:32
that the announced result of the election
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ืฉืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืจืกืžื•
06:34
is the correct one.
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ื”ืŸ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
06:36
And these are elections
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ื•ืืœื• ื”ืŸ ื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช
06:38
by the people, for the people.
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ืขืœ-ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืขื, ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืขื,
06:40
So the next step for our democracies
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ืื– ื”ืฆืขื“ ื”ื‘ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•
06:43
are transparent
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ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืคื•ืช
06:45
and verifiable elections.
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ื•ื ื™ืชื ื•ืช ืœืื™ืžื•ืช.
06:47
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
06:49
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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