Build a tower, build a team | Tom Wujec

2,492,691 views ใƒป 2010-04-22

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Elad Sherf ืžื‘ืงืจ: Sigal Tifferet
00:16
Several years ago here at TED, Peter Skillman
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื, ื›ืืŸ ื‘- TED, ืคื™ื˜ืจ ืกืงื™ืœืžืŸ
00:18
introduced a design challenge
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ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืชื’ืจ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘
00:20
called the marshmallow challenge.
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ื‘ืฉื ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•.
00:22
And the idea's pretty simple:
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜.
00:24
Teams of four have to build the tallest free-standing structure
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ืืจื‘ืขื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
00:26
out of 20 sticks of spaghetti,
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ืž- 20 ืžืงืœื•ืช ืกืคื’ื˜ื™,
00:28
one yard of tape, one yard of string
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ืžื˜ืจ ืฉืœ ื ื™ื™ืจ ื“ื‘ืง, ืžื˜ืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ื˜
00:30
and a marshmallow.
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ื•ืžืจืฉืžืœื•.
00:32
The marshmallow has to be on top.
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ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคืกื’ื”.
00:34
And, though it seems really simple, it's actually pretty hard
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื–ื” ื ืจืื” ืžืื•ื“ ืคืฉื•ื˜, ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื–ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืงืฉื”,
00:37
because it forces people
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืžื›ืจื™ื— ืื ืฉื™ื
00:39
to collaborate very quickly.
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ืœืฉืชืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
00:41
And so, I thought this was an interesting idea,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ,
00:43
and I incorporated it into a design workshop.
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ื•ืฉื™ืœื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ื ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
00:46
And it was a huge success.
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืขืฆื•ืžื”.
00:48
And since then, I've conducted
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ื•ืžืื–, ื ื™ื”ืœืชื™
00:50
about 70 design workshops across the world
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ื›- 70 ืกื“ื ืื•ืช ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
00:52
with students and designers and architects,
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ืขื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื, ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื•ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื™ื,
00:54
even the CTOs of the Fortune 50,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื ื”ืœื™ ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”-50 ื”ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช,
00:57
and there's something about this exercise
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื–ื”
00:59
that reveals very deep lessons
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ืฉืžืขืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื— ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช
01:01
about the nature of collaboration,
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ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”,
01:03
and I'd like to share some of them with you.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื›ืžื” ืžื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•.
01:05
So, normally, most people begin
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ืื–, ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื
01:08
by orienting themselves to the task.
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ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”.
01:11
They talk about it, they figure out what it's going to look like,
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ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื”, ื•ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื™ืจืื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื”,
01:14
they jockey for power.
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ื”ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื›ื•ื—,
01:16
Then they spend some time planning, organizing,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืžืงื“ื™ืฉื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื•ืืจื’ื•ืŸ.
01:18
they sketch and they lay out spaghetti.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืจื˜ื˜ื™ื ื•ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคื’ื˜ื™
01:21
They spend the majority of their time
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ื•ืžืงื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื™ืจื‘ ื–ืžื ื
01:23
assembling the sticks into ever-growing structures.
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ืœื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืžืงืœื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื’ื“ืœื™ื,
01:26
And then finally, just as they're running out of time,
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ืขื“ ืฉืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืžืžืฉ ืจื’ืข ืงืฆืจ ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชื ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
01:29
someone takes out the marshmallow,
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ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•,
01:31
and then they gingerly put it on top,
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ื•ื‘ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื ื™ื— ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืคืกื’ืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืœ,
01:34
and then they stand back, and -- ta-da! --
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ื”ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื”, ื•ื˜ื”-ื“ื”!
01:37
they admire their work.
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ื”ื ืžืชืคืขืœื™ื ืžื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
01:39
But what really happens, most of the time,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืงื•ืจื”, ื‘ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื,
01:41
is that the "ta-da" turns into an "uh-oh,"
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ื–ื” ืฉื”- "ื˜ื”-ื“ื”" ื”ื•ืคืš ืœ- "ืื•-ืื•",
01:44
because the weight of the marshmallow causes the entire structure
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื• ื’ื•ืจื ืœื›ืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื”
01:46
to buckle and to collapse.
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ืœื”ืชืขืงื ื•ืœื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜.
01:48
So there are a number of people
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื
01:50
who have a lot more "uh-oh" moments than others,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจื’ืขื™ "ืื•-ืื•" ืžืื—ืจื™ื,
01:53
and among the worst are recent graduates of business school.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืœืžื ื”ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื.
01:56
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:59
They lie, they cheat, they get distracted
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ื”ื ืžืฉืงืจื™ื, ืžืจืžื™ื ื•ื“ืขืชื ืžื•ืกื—ืช,
02:02
and they produce really lame structures.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื™ื™ืฆืจื™ื ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืขืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืœืžื“ื™.
02:04
And of course there are teams
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ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื
02:06
that have a lot more "ta-da" structures,
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ืœื”ื ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื ื™ "ื˜ื”-ื“ื”",
02:08
and among the best are recent graduates of kindergarten.
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ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ ื’ืŸ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
02:11
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:13
And it's pretty amazing.
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ื•ื–ื” ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
02:15
As Peter tells us,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ื˜ืจ ืื•ืžืจ,
02:17
not only do they produce the tallest structures,
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉื”ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
02:19
but they're the most interesting structures of them all.
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ืืœื ื’ื ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:22
So the question you want to ask is:
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ืื– ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉื ืฉืืœืช ื”ื™ื:
02:24
How come? Why? What is it about them?
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ืื™ืš ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช? ืœืžื”? ืžื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ื”ื?
02:26
And Peter likes to say that
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ื•ืคื™ื˜ืจ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“,
02:28
none of the kids spend any time
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"ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื–ืžืŸ
02:30
trying to be CEO of Spaghetti, Inc. Right?
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ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื›"ืœ ืกืคื’ื˜ื™ ื‘ืข"ืž". ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
02:33
They don't spend time jockeying for power.
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ื”ื ืœื ืžื‘ื–ื‘ื–ื™ื ื–ืžืŸ ืขืœ ืžืื‘ืงื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ื•ื›ื•ื—.
02:35
But there's another reason as well.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉื ื” ืขื•ื“ ืกื™ื‘ื”.
02:37
And the reason is that business students are trained
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ืžืื•ืžื ื™ื
02:39
to find the single right plan, right?
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ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ื ื›ื•ื ื”, ื›ืŸ.
02:42
And then they execute on it.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื•ืขืœ.
02:44
And then what happens is, when they put the marshmallow on the top,
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ื•ืื– ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื• ืขืœ ื”ืคืกื’ื”,
02:46
they run out of time and what happens?
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ื ื’ืžืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ืื– ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”?
02:48
It's a crisis.
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
02:50
Sound familiar? Right.
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ื ืฉืžืข ืžื•ื›ืจ? ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
02:53
What kindergarteners do differently
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ืžื” ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ื’ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจืช
02:55
is that they start with the marshmallow,
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ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืขื ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•,
02:57
and they build prototypes, successive prototypes,
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืื‘ื•ืช-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก, ื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื ื™,
03:00
always keeping the marshmallow on top,
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ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืžืฉืื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื• ื‘ืคืกื’ื”,
03:02
so they have multiple times to fix when they build prototypes along the way.
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ื•ื›ืš ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื, ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื“ืจืš, ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืœืชืงืŸ ืื‘ื•ืช-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืœืงื•ื™ื™ื.
03:05
Designers recognize this type of collaboration
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ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื™ื–ื”ื• ืกื•ื’ ื›ื–ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ืคืขื•ืœื”,
03:08
as the essence of the iterative process.
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ื›ืชืžืฆื™ืช ื”ื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื—ื•ื–ืจ (ืื™ื˜ืจืื˜ื™ื‘ื™).
03:11
And with each version, kids get instant feedback
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ื•ืขื ื›ืœ ื’ืจืกื”, ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืžืฉื•ื‘ ืžื™ื™ื“ื™
03:13
about what works and what doesn't work.
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ืขืœ ืžื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื•ืžื” ืœื.
03:16
So the capacity to play in prototype is really essential,
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ืื– ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ืื‘ื•ืช-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื”ื™ื ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช,
03:19
but let's look at how different teams perform.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืื™ืš ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืžืชืคืงื“ื™ื.
03:22
So the average for most people is around 20 inches;
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ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื•ื ื›ื—ืฆื™ ืžื˜ืจ.
03:25
business schools students, about half of that;
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ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ืžื ื”ืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื, ื‘ืขืจืš ื—ืฆื™ ืžื›ืš,
03:27
lawyers, a little better, but not much better than that,
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ืขื•ืจื›ื™ ื“ื™ืŸ, ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:30
kindergarteners, better than most adults.
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ื™ืœื“ื™ ื’ืŸ, ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจื•ื‘ ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
03:32
Who does the very best?
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ืœืžื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ?
03:34
Architects and engineers, thankfully.
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ืืจื›ื™ื˜ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื, ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ.
03:37
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:42
Thirty-nine inches is the tallest structure I've seen.
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ืžื˜ืจ ืื—ื“ ื–ื” ื”ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืื ื™ ืจืื™ืชื™.
03:45
And why is it? Because they understand triangles
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ืœืžื”? ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืฉืžืฉื•ืœืฉื™ื
03:48
and self-reinforcing geometrical patterns
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ื•ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื™ืื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื–ืงื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ
03:50
are the key to building
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ื”ื ื”ืžืคืชื— ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช
03:52
stable structures.
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ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื.
03:54
So CEOs, a little bit better than average,
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ืื– ืžื ื›"ืœื™ื, ืžืขื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข.
03:57
but here's where it gets interesting.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื ื”ื™ื™ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
03:59
If you put you put an executive admin. on the team,
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ืื ืžืฆืจืคื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืช ืžื ื”ืœ ืื“ืžื™ื ื™ืกื˜ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™
04:01
they get significantly better.
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ื”ื ืžืฉืชืคืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
04:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:06
It's incredible. You know, you look around, you go, "Oh, that team's going to win."
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ื–ื” ืœื ื™ืื•ืžืŸ. ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื˜ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœืขืฆืžืš, "ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื ืฆื—".
04:08
You can just tell beforehand. And why is that?
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื“ืขืช ืžืจืืฉ. ืœืžื”?
04:10
Because they have special skills
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื
04:12
of facilitation.
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ืฉืœ ืกื™ื•ืข.
04:14
They manage the process, they understand the process.
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ื”ื ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
04:16
And any team who manages
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ื•ื›ืœ ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืžื ื”ืœ
04:18
and pays close attention to work
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ื•ืฉื ืœื‘ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
04:21
will significantly improve the team's performance.
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ื™ืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
04:24
Specialized skills and facilitation skills
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ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ ืกื™ื•ืข,
04:27
are the combination that leads to strong success.
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ื•ื”ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
04:30
If you have 10 teams that typically perform,
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ืžืชื•ืš ืขืฉืจื” ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืžืžื•ืฆืขืช
04:32
you'll get maybe six or so that have standing structures.
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ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ื‘ืขืจืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื.
04:34
And I tried something interesting.
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ื•ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
04:36
I thought, let's up the ante, once.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™, ื‘ื•ื ื ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืžื•ืจ.
04:39
So I offered a 10,000 dollar prize of software to the winning team.
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ืื– ื”ืฆืขืชื™ ื›ืคืจืก ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ 10,000 ื“ื•ืœืจ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ื”ืžื ืฆื—ืช.
04:42
So what do you think happened to these design students?
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ืžื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืงืจื” ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืœืœื•?
04:45
What was the result?
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ืžื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืชื•ืฆืื”?
04:48
Here's what happened:
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ื”ื ื” ืžื” ืฉืงืจื”.
04:50
Not one team had a standing structure.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืื—ืช ืœื ืกื™ื™ืžื” ืขื ืžื‘ื ื” ืขื•ืžื“.
04:54
If anyone had built, say, a one inch structure,
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ืื ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ 2 ืก"ืž,
04:57
they would have taken home the prize.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื–ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืก.
04:59
So, isn't that interesting? That high stakes
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ื–ื” ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื‘ื•ื”
05:01
have a strong impact.
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ื™ืฉ ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื›ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
05:03
We did the exercise again with the same students.
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ื ืชื ื• ืืช ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืคืขื ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœืื•ืชื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื.
05:05
What do you think happened then?
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ืžื” ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืงืจื” ื”ืคืขื?
05:07
So now they understand the value of prototyping.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื‘ื•ืช-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก.
05:13
So the same team went from being the very worst
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ืื– ื”ืคืขื ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืขื‘ืจื” ืžื”ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืขื™ื ื”ื’ืจื•ืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
05:15
to being among the very best.
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ืœื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:17
They produced the tallest structures in the least amount of time.
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ื”ื ื™ื™ืฆืจื• ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฆืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:20
So there's deep lessons for us
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ืื ื›ืš, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืกื™ืง ืžืกืงื ื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื•ืช
05:22
about the nature of incentives and success.
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ืขืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืฉืœ ืชืžืจื™ืฆื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืœื—ื”.
05:25
So, you might ask: Why would anyone
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ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฉืื•ืœ: ืœืžื” ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื•
05:27
actually spend time writing a marshmallow challenge?
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ื™ื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื–ืžืŸ ื•ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•?
05:30
And the reason is, I help create
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื, ืื ื™ ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœื‘ื ื•ืช
05:32
digital tools and processes
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ื›ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื
05:34
to help teams build cars and video games
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ืฉืขื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื•ื™ื“ืื•
05:36
and visual effects.
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ื•ืืคืงื˜ื™ื ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื™ื.
05:38
And what the marshmallow challenge does
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ื•ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•
05:40
is it helps them identify the hidden assumptions.
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ืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ื”ื ื—ื•ืช-ืžื•ืฆื ืกืžื•ื™ื•ืช
05:43
Because, frankly,
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ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื‘ื›ื ื•ืช,
05:45
every project has its own marshmallow, doesn't it?
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ืœื›ืœ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื™ืฉ ืžืจืฉืžืœื•.
05:48
The challenge provides a shared experience,
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ืžืกืคืง ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช,
05:50
a common language,
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ืฉืคื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช,
05:52
a common stance to build the right prototype.
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ืขืžื“ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช ืœื‘ื ื™ื™ืช ืื‘-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
05:54
And so, this is the value of the experience,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืขืจืš ืฉื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”,
05:56
of this so simple exercise.
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ืฉืœ ืืชื’ืจ ื›ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜.
05:58
And those of you who are interested
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ื•ืืœื• ืžื›ื ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื,
06:00
may want to go to MarshmallowChallenge.com.
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ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืจืฆื• ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘- marshmallowchallenge.com.
06:02
It's a blog that you can look at
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ื–ื”ื• ื‘ืœื•ื’ ื‘ื• ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“
06:04
how to build the marshmallows.
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ืื™ืš ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ืืช ืืชื’ืจ ื”ืžืจืฉืžืœื•.
06:06
There's step-by-step instructions on this.
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช.
06:08
There are crazy examples from around the world
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ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืจืคื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
06:11
of how people tweak and adjust the system.
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ืื™ืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช.
06:13
There's world records that are on this as well.
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืฉื™ืื™ ืขื•ืœื.
06:15
And the fundamental lesson, I believe,
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ื•ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™, ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ,
06:17
is that design truly is
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ื•ื ื‘ืืžืช
06:19
a contact sport.
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ืกืคื•ืจื˜ ืžื’ืข.
06:21
It demands that we bring all of our senses to the task,
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ื”ื•ื ื“ื•ืจืฉ ื’ื™ื•ืก ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืฉื™ื ืœืžื˜ืœื”,
06:24
and that we apply the very best of our thinking,
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ื•ื™ื™ืฉื•ื ืฉืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”, ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื”
06:26
our feeling and our doing
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ื•ื”ืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
06:29
to the challenge that we have at hand.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืืชื’ืจ.
06:31
And sometimes, a little prototype of this experience
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ื•ืœืคืขืžื™ื, ืื‘-ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•
06:34
is all that it takes to turn us
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ื–ื” ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื ื“ืจืฉ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื•
06:36
from an "uh-oh" moment to a "ta-da" moment.
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ืžืจื’ืข "ืื•-ืื•" ืœืจื’ืข "ื˜ื”-ื“ื”".
06:38
And that can make a big difference.
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ.
06:40
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
06:42
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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