John Hunter: Teaching with the World Peace Game

311,325 views ใƒป 2011-04-26

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Assaf Yavnai ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
I'm very fortunate to be here.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคื”.
00:17
I feel so fortunate.
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ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ.
00:19
I've been so impressed by the kindness expressed to me.
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ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืชืจืฉืžืชื™ ืžื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื”ืคื’ื™ื ื• ื›ืœืคื™.
00:23
I called my wife Leslie,
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ื”ืชืงืฉืจืชื™ ืœืืฉืชื™ ืœืกืœื™
00:25
and I said, "You know, there's so many good people
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ื•ืืžืจืชื™, "ืืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
00:27
trying to do so much good.
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ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื˜ื•ื‘.
00:29
It feels like I've landed in a colony of angels."
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ืฉื–ื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื ื—ืชืชื™ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืžืœืื›ื™ื."
00:33
It's a true feeling.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืืžืชื™ืช.
00:36
But let me get to the talk -- I see the clock is running.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื”ืจืฆืื”, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฉื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืจืฅ.
00:39
I'm a public school teacher,
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ืจื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืžืžืœื›ืชื™,
00:42
and I just want to share a story of my superintendent.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืœื•ืง ืืชื›ื ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืคืงื—ืช ืฉืœื™.
00:45
Her name is Pam Moran
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ืฉืžื” ื”ื•ื ืคืื ืžื•ืจืืŸ
00:47
in Albemarle County, Virginia,
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ืžืžื—ื•ื– ืืœื‘ืžืืจืœ, ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื”. (ืืจื”"ื‘)
00:49
the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains.
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ืœืžืจื’ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื™ 'ื”ืจื›ืก ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ'
00:51
And she's a very high-tech superintendent.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืžื ื”ืœืช ืžืื•ื“ ื”ื™ื™-ื˜ืง.
00:53
She uses smart boards, she blogs,
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ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืชืžืฉืช ื‘ืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื›ืžื™ื, ื›ื•ืชื‘ืช ื‘ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
00:55
she Tweets, she does Facebook,
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ืžืฆื™ื™ืฆืช ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ื’ื•ืœืฉืช ื‘ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง,
00:57
she does all this sort of high-tech stuff.
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ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ื™-ื˜ืง ื›ืืœื”.
00:59
She's a technology leader and instructional leader.
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ื”ื™ื ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื•ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื” ืคื“ื’ื•ื’ื™ืช.
01:02
But in her office,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื”
01:04
there's this old wooden, weather-worn table, kitchen table --
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืขืฉื•ื™ ืขืฅ ื™ืฉืŸ ื•ื‘ืœื•ื™,
01:08
peeling green paint, it's kind of rickety.
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ื“ื™ ืจืขื•ืข, ืขื ืฆื‘ืข ื™ืจื•ืง ืžืชืงืœืฃ.
01:11
And I said, "Pam, you're such a modern, cutting-edge person.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ "ืคืื, ืืช ืื™ืฉื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืฉืœ ื—ื“ืฉื ื•ืช.
01:15
Why is this old table in your office?"
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ืžื” ื–ื” ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœืš?"
01:17
And she told me, she said,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืœื™, ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”,
01:19
"You know, I grew up in Southwestern Virginia,
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" ืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื ื™ ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื•ื-ืžืขืจื‘ ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื”,
01:22
in the coal mines and the farmlands of rural Virginia,
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ื‘ืžื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืคื—ื ื•ื”ื—ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื” ื”ื›ืคืจื™ืช,
01:25
and this table was in my grandfather's kitchen.
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ื•ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืžื˜ื‘ื— ืฉืœ ืกื‘ื ืฉืœื™.
01:29
And we'd come in from playing, he'd come in from plowing and working,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืžืœืฉื—ืง, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื–ืจ ืžื—ืจื™ืฉ ื•ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”,
01:32
and we'd sit around that table every night.
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื›ืœ ืขืจื‘.
01:34
And as I grew up, I heard so much knowledge
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ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื’ื“ืœืชื™, ืฉืžืขืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื“ืข
01:37
and so many insights and so much wisdom
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ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื—ื›ืžื”
01:39
come out around this table,
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ืฉื™ืฆืื” ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื–ื”.
01:41
I began to call it the wisdom table.
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ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืงืจื•ื ืœื• ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ืžื”.
01:44
And when he passed on, I took this table with me and brought it to my office,
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืคื˜ืจ, ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืื™ืชื™ ื•ื”ื‘ืืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืœืžืฉืจื“ ืฉืœื™.
01:47
and it reminds me of him.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืื•ืชื•
01:49
It reminds me of what goes on around an empty space sometimes."
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ื–ื” ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืžื” ืงื•ืจื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื—ืœืœ ืจื™ืง ืœืคืขืžื™ื."
01:54
The project I'm going to tell you about
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ื”ืžื™ื–ื ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœื™ื•
01:56
is called the World Peace Game,
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ื ืงืจื 'ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™',
01:58
and essentially it is also an empty space.
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ื•ืชื• ื’ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืœ ืจื™ืง.
02:00
And I'd like to think of it
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœื™ื•
02:02
as a 21st century wisdom table, really.
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ื›ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื” ื”21,
02:06
It all started back in 1977.
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ื”ื›ืœ ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘1977.
02:10
I was a young man,
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ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ,
02:13
and I had been dropping in and out of college.
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ื•ื™ืฆืืชื™ ื•ื ื›ื ืกืชื™ ืžืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ืœืœื”.
02:20
And my parents were very patient,
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ื•ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ื“ ืกื‘ืœื ื™ื™ื,
02:23
but I had been doing intermittent sojourns to India
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจื™ื ืชืงื•ืคืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ื•ื“ื•
02:25
on a mystical quest.
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ื‘ืžืกืข ืžื™ืกื˜ื™.
02:27
And I remember the last time I came back from India --
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ื•ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื‘ืคืขื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืฉื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืžื”ื•ื“ื•
02:29
in my long white flowing robes
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ื‘ื’ืœื™ืžื•ืชื™ื™ ื”ืœื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื ื•ืคืคื•ืช
02:31
and my big beard and my John Lennon glasses --
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ื•ื‘ื–ืงื ื™ ื”ืžืคื•ืืจ ื•ืžืฉืงืคื™ ื”ื’'ื•ืŸ ืœื ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™,
02:34
and I said to my father,
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ื•ืืžืจืชื™ ืœืื‘ื™,
02:36
"Dad, I think I've just about found spiritual enlightenment."
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"ืื‘ื, ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื”ืืจื” ืจื•ื—ื ื™ืช."
02:38
He said, "Well there's one more thing you need to find."
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืฉืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื."
02:41
I said, "What is that, dad?" "A job."
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ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™, "ืžื” ื–ื” ืื‘ื?", "ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”."
02:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:47
And so they pleaded with me to get a degree in something.
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ื•ื›ืš ื”ื ื”ืคืฆื™ืจื• ื‘ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืฉื”ื•.
02:50
So I got a degree
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ืื– ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืชื•ืืจ
02:52
and it turned out to be education.
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ื•ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš.
02:54
It was an experimental education program.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื–ื• ืชื›ื ื™ืช ื—ื™ื ื•ื›ื™ืช ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืช.
02:56
It could have been dentistry, but the word "experimental" was in it,
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจืคื•ืืช ืฉื™ื ื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื” "ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื™ืช" ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื.
02:58
and so that's what I had to go for.
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ืื– ื ืืœืฆืชื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืขื ื–ื”.
03:01
And I went in for a job interview
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ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืจืื™ื•ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
03:04
in the Richmond Public Schools in Virginia, the capital city,
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ื‘ื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื”ืžืžืœื›ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ ืจื™ืฆ'ืžื•ื ื“, ื‘ื™ืจืช ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื”,
03:07
bought a three-piece suit -- my concession to convention --
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ืงื ื™ืชื™ ื—ืœื™ืคืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื—ืœืงื™ื, ื”ื”ืกื›ืžื” ืฉืœื™ ืœืžื•ืกื“ื™ื•ืช,
03:10
kept my long beard and my afro
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ืฉืžืจืชื™ ืขืœ ื”ืืคืจื• ืฉืœื™ ื•ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื”ืืจื•ืš
03:12
and my platform shoes -- at the time it was the '70s --
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ื•ื ืขืœื™ ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” - ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื‘ืขื™ื.
03:15
and I walked in, and I sat down and had an interview.
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ื ื›ื ืกืชื™, ื”ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื•ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจืื™ื•ืŸ.
03:18
And I guess they were hard up for teachers
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืงืฉื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื,
03:20
because the supervisor, her name was Anna Aro,
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ื›ื™ ื”ืžืคืงื—ืช, ืฉืžื” ื”ื™ื” ืื ื” ืืจื•,
03:22
said I had the job teaching gifted children.
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ืืžืจื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื.
03:26
And I was so shocked, so stunned,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื”ืœื, ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืžื•ื
03:28
I got up and said, "Well, thank you, but what do I do?"
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ืฉื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ื•ืืžืจืชื™, "ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืชื•ื“ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช?"
03:31
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:34
Gifted education hadn't really taken hold too much.
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ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžื•ื›ืฉืจื™ื ืœื ืžืžืฉ ืชืคืก.
03:36
There weren't really many materials or things to use.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืื™ืชื.
03:39
And I said, "What do I do?"
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืžืจืชื™ "ืžื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช?"
03:41
And her answer shocked me. It stunned me.
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ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื” ื”ื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืื•ืชื™. ื”ื™ืžืžื” ืื•ืชื™.
03:44
Her answer set the template
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ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœื” ืงื‘ืขื” ืืช ืงื•ื•ื™ ื”ืžืชืืจ
03:46
for the entire career I was to have after that.
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ืœื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืฉื‘ืื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ.
03:50
She said, "What do you want to do?"
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ืžื” ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช?"
03:55
And that question cleared the space.
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ื•ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืคื™ื ืชื” ืืช ื”ืžืจื—ื‘.
03:57
There was no program directive, no manual to follow,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืชื›ื ื™ืช ืžื•ื›ืชื‘ืช, ืœื ืžื“ืจื™ืš ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™ื•,
04:00
no standards in gifted education
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ืื™ืŸ ืžืชื›ื•ื ืช ืžื”ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช
04:03
in that way.
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ื‘ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืžื—ื•ื ื ื™ื.
04:05
And she cleared such a space
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ื”ื™ื ืคื™ื ืชื” ื›ื–ื” ืžืจื—ื‘,
04:07
that I endeavored from then on
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžืืžืฅ [ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื”] ืžืื–
04:09
to clear a space for my students, an empty space,
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ืœืคื ื•ืช ืžืจื—ื‘ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™, ืžืจื—ื‘ ืจื™ืง,
04:12
whereby they could create and make meaning
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช
04:14
out of their own understanding.
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ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื”ื.
04:18
So this happened in 1978,
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ืื– ื–ื” ืงืจื” ื‘-1978,
04:21
and I was teaching many years later,
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ื•ืœื™ืžื“ืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืœืื—ืจ ืžื›ืŸ,
04:24
and a friend of mine introduced me to a young filmmaker.
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ื•ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืฆื™ื’ ืื•ืชื™ ืœื™ื•ืฆืจ ืกืจื˜ื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจ.
04:27
His name is Chris Farina.
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ืฉืžื• ื›ืจื™ืก ืคืืจื™ื ื”.
04:29
Chris Farina is here today at his own cost.
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ื›ืจื™ืก ืคืืจื™ื ื” ืคื” ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืขืฆืžื•.
04:31
Chris, could you stand up and let them see you --
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ื›ืจื™ืก, ื”ืื ืืชื” ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืชืช ืœื”ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืื•ืชืš?
04:33
a young, visionary filmmaker who's made a film.
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ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ื‘ืขืœ ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื” ืกืจื˜.
04:36
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
04:40
This film is called "World Peace and Other 4th Grade Achievements."
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ื”ืกืจื˜ ื ืงืจื "ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื•ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืชื” ื“'."
04:43
He proposed the film to me -- it's a great title.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ - ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื ืคืœืื”.
04:46
He proposed the film to me,
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜,
04:48
and I said, "Yeah, maybe it'll be on local TV,
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ื•ืืžืจ, "ื›ืŸ, ืื•ืœื™ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืจื•ืฅ ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™,
04:50
and we can say hi to our friends."
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ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ 'ื”ื™' ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•."
04:52
But the film has really gone places.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืกืจื˜ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช.
04:54
Now it's still in debt, but Chris has managed, through his own sacrifice,
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ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืื‘ืœ ื›ืจื™ืก ื”ืฆืœื™ื—, ืชื•ืš ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช,
04:57
to get this film out.
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ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜.
04:59
So we made a film
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ืื– ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืกืจื˜.
05:01
and it turns out to be more than a story about me,
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ื•ืžืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื–ื”ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœื™,
05:04
more than a story about one teacher.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื•ืจื” ืื—ื“.
05:06
It's a story that's a testament to teaching and teachers.
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ื–ื”ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื“ืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื•ืœืžื•ืจื™ื.
05:10
And it's a beautiful thing.
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ื•ื–ื”ื• ื“ื‘ืจ ืžื•ืคืœื.
05:12
And the strange thing is, when I watch the film --
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืฉืื ื™ ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืกืจื˜,
05:15
I have the eerie sensation of seeing it --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืžื•ื–ืจื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืื•ืชื•,
05:18
I saw myself literally disappear.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื”, ืคืฉื•ื˜ื• ื›ืžืฉืžืขื•, ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ื ืขืœื.
05:21
What I saw
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ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื”
05:23
was my teachers coming through me.
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ื–ื” ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื™ื•ืฆืื™ื ื“ืจื›ื™.
05:27
I saw my geometry teacher in high school, Mr. Rucell's
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื—ื™ื•ื›ื• ื”ืขืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืžืจ ืจืกืœ, ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ืœื’ืื•ืžื˜ืจื™ื” ื‘ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
05:31
wry smile under his handlebar mustache.
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ืชื—ืช ืฉืคืžื• ื”ืžื—ื•ื“ื“.
05:34
That's the smile I use -- that's his smile.
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ื–ื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ืš ืฉืื ื™ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ - ื–ื” ื”ื—ื™ื•ืš ืฉืœื•.
05:37
I saw Jan Polo's flashing eyes.
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืขื™ื™ื ื™ื” ื”ื ื•ืฆืฆื•ืช ืฉืœ ื’'ืืŸ ืคื•ืœื•
05:40
And they weren't flashing in anger,
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ื•ื”ื ืœื ื ืฆืฆื• ืžื›ืขืก,
05:42
they were flashing in love, intense love for her students.
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ื”ื ื ืฆืฆื• ืžืื”ื‘ื”, ืื”ื‘ื” ืขื–ื” ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื”.
05:45
And I have that kind of flash sometimes.
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ื•ืœืขืชื™ื ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ืกื•ื’ ื”ื ืฆื ื•ืฅ ื”ื–ื”.
05:48
And I saw Miss Ethel J. Banks
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ื•ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื’ื‘' ืืช'ืœ ื’'. ื‘ื ืงืก
05:51
who wore pearls and high-heels to elementary school every day.
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ืฉืœื‘ืฉื” ื ืขืœื™ ืขืงื‘ ื•ืคื ื™ื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ื”"ืก ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ื™ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
05:55
And you know, she had that old-school teacher stare.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžืคืขื.
05:59
You know the one.
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ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื•.
06:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:04
"And I'm not even talking about you behind me,
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"ื•ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ืš ืžืื—ื•ืจ,
06:06
because I've got eyes in the back of my head."
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื’ื‘."
06:08
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:11
You know that teacher?
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ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช?
06:13
I didn't use that stare very often,
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ืœื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉืชื™ ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช,
06:15
but I do have it in my repertoire.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืชื• ื‘ืืจื’ื– ื‘ื›ืœื™ื.
06:18
And Miss Banks was there as a great mentor for me.
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ื•ื’ื‘' ื‘ื ืงืก ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื ื›ืžื•ืจืช ื“ืจืš ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื™.
06:21
And then I saw
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ื•ืื– ืจืื™ืชื™
06:23
my own parents, my first teachers.
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ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™, ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื™.
06:26
My father, very inventive, spatial thinker.
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ืื‘ื ืฉืœื™, ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™, ื‘ืขืœ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช.
06:29
That's my brother Malcolm there on the right.
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ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื™ ืžืœืงื•ืœื ืžื™ืžื™ืŸ.
06:32
And my mother,
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ื•ืืžื ืฉืœื™,
06:34
who taught me in fourth grade
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ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื” ืื•ืชื™ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื“'
06:36
in segregated schools in Virginia,
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ื‘ื‘ื™"ืก ืžื•ืคืจื“ ื‘ื•ื™ืจื’'ื™ื ื™ื”,
06:38
who was my inspiration.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื”ืฉืจืื” ืฉืœื™.
06:41
And really, I feel as though,
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ื•ื‘ืืžืช, ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉื›ืื™ืœื•,
06:43
when I see the film --
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜
06:45
I have a gesture she does, like this --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืžื—ื•ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื”, ื›ืžื• ื–ืืช,
06:48
I feel like I am a continuation of her gesture.
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ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื”.
06:52
I am one of her teaching gestures.
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ืื ื™ ืื—ื“ ืžืžื—ื•ื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœื”.
06:54
And the beautiful thing was,
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืคื” ื”ื•ื,
06:56
I got to teach my daughter in elementary school, Madeline.
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ืฉืื ื™ ื–ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœืœืžื“ ืืช ื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื™, ืžื“ืœื™ืŸ, ื‘ื‘ื™"ืก ื™ืกื•ื“ื™.
06:59
And so that gesture of my mother's
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ืื– ื”ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืืžื ืฉืœื™
07:01
continues through many generations.
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ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื.
07:03
It's an amazing feeling
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ื–ื”ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”
07:05
to have that lineage.
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœ ืฉื•ืฉืœืช ื›ื–ืืช.
07:07
And so I'm here standing on the shoulders of many people.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ืื ื™ ืคื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื›ืชืคื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื.
07:09
I'm not here alone.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืคื” ืœื‘ื“.
07:11
There are many people on this stage right now.
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ื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืžื” ื‘ืจื’ืข ื–ื”.
07:15
And so this World Peace Game I'd like to tell you about.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื–ื”, ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœื™ื•.
07:19
It started out like this:
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ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ื–ืืช:
07:21
it's just a four-foot by five-foot plywood board
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ื–ื”ื• ืกืชื ืœื•ื— ื“ื™ืงื˜ ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจ ื•ื—ืฆื™
07:24
in an inner-city urban school, 1978.
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ื‘ื‘ื™"ืก ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™, .1978
07:27
I was creating a lesson for students on Africa.
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ื”ื›ื ืชื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืืคืจื™ืงื”.
07:29
We put all the problems of the world there,
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ื”ื ื—ื ื• ืฉื ืืช ื›ืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ,
07:31
and I thought, let's let them solve it.
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ื•ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื‘ื•ื ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืืช ื–ื”.
07:33
I didn't want to lecture or have just book reading.
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ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ืจืฆื•ืช ืื• ืจืง ืœืขืจื•ืš ืงืจื™ืื” ืžืกืคืจ.
07:36
I wanted to have them be immersed
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœื“ื‘ืจ
07:38
and learn the feeling of learning through their bodies.
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ื•ื™ืœืžื“ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื“ืจืš ื’ื•ืคื.
07:42
So I thought, well they like to play games.
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉื—ืง ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื.
07:44
I'll make something -- I didn't say interactive;
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ืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• - ืœื ืืžืจืชื™ ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
07:46
we didn't have that term in 1978 --
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ 1978 -
07:48
but something interactive.
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
07:50
And so we made the game,
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ื•ื›ืš ืขืจื›ื ื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง,
07:52
and it has since evolved
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืคืชื— ืžืื–
07:54
to a four-foot by four-foot by four-foot
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ืœืžื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจ ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจ
07:57
Plexiglass structure.
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ืžื‘ื ื” ืคืจืกืคืงืก [ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื“ืžื•ื™ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช]
08:00
And it has four Plexiglass layers.
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ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืืจื‘ืข ืฉื›ื‘ื•ืช ืžืคืจืกืคืงืก.
08:03
There's an outer space layer
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืฉื›ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื—ืœืœ ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ืŸ
08:05
with black holes and satellites
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ืขื ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื,
08:07
and research satellites and asteroid mining.
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ื•ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ื•ื›ื•ืจื™ ืืกื˜ืจื•ืื™ื“ื™ื.
08:09
There's an air and space level
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ื™ืฉ ืืช ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ ื•ื”ื—ืœืœ
08:11
with clouds that are big puffs of cotton we push around
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ืขื ืขื ื ื™ื ืžื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ืฆืžืจ-ื’ืคืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืฉืื ื• ืžื–ื–ื™ื
08:13
and territorial air spaces and air forces,
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ื•ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ื ืื•ื•ื™ืจื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ืœื•ืช ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
08:15
a ground and sea level with thousands of game pieces on it --
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ืฉื›ื‘ืช ื™ื‘ืฉื” ื•ื™ื ืขื ืืœืคื™ ื›ืœื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืขืœื™ื”
08:18
even an undersea level
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืคืœืก ืชืช-ื™ืžื™
08:20
with submarines and undersea mining.
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ืขื ืฆื•ืœืœื•ืช ื•ืžื›ืจื•ืช ืชืช-ืžื™ืžื™ื™ื.
08:22
There are four countries around the board.
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ื™ืฉ ืืจื‘ืข ืืจืฆื•ืช ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืœืœื•ื—.
08:24
The kids make up the names of the countries -- some are rich; some are poor.
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืืช ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ื - ื—ืœืงื ืขืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื—ืœืงื ืขื ื™ื•ืช.
08:27
They have different assets, commercial and military.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื•ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื.
08:30
And each country has a cabinet.
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ื•ืœื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ืฉ ื•ืขื“ืช ืฉืจื™ื.
08:32
There's a Prime Minister, Secretary of State, Minister of Defense
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืจืืฉ ืžืžืฉืœื”, ืฉืจ ืคื ื™ื, ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ
08:34
and a CFO, or Comptroller.
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ื•ืฉืจ ืื•ืฆืจ ืื• ืžืคืงื—.
08:37
I choose the Prime Minister based on my relationship with them.
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ืื ื™ ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ืืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ืืชื.
08:40
I offer them the job, they can turn it down,
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ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื”ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื”, ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืจื‘,
08:42
and then they choose their own cabinet.
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืืช ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
08:44
There's a World Bank, arms dealers and a United Nations.
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™, ืกื•ื—ืจื™ ื ืฉืง ื•ืืช ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ื•ืช.
08:47
There's also a weather goddess
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืืœืช ืžื–ื’ ืื•ื™ืจ
08:49
who controls a random stock market and random weather.
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ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืจืกื” ืืงืจืื™ืช ื•ื‘ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ.
08:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:54
That's not all.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื›ืœ.
08:56
And then there's a 13-page crisis document
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ื™ืฉื ื• ืžืกืžืš ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืขืœ 13 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื .
08:58
with 50 interlocking problems.
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ืขื 50 ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉื–ื•ืจื•ืช.
09:00
So that, if one thing changes, everything else changes.
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ื›ืš ืฉืื ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืชื ื”, ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ ืžืฉืชื ื”.
09:03
I throw them into this complex matrix,
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ืื ื™ ื–ื•ืจืง ืื•ืชื ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžืขืจืš ื”ืžืกื•ื‘ืš ื”ื–ื”,
09:06
and they trust me because we have a deep, rich relationship together.
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ื•ื”ื ืกื•ืžื›ื™ื ืขืœื™, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืขืจื›ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืขืžื•ืงื” ื•ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
09:11
And so with all these crises,
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ื•ืื– ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
09:13
we have -- let's see -- ethnic and minority tensions;
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• - ื‘ื•ืื• ื ืจืื” - ืžืชื—ื™ื ืืชื ื™ื™ื ื•ืฉืœ ืžื™ืขื•ื˜ื™ื;
09:16
we have chemical and nuclear spills,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื“ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ื•ืช,
09:18
nuclear proliferation.
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ืฉื’ืฉื•ื’ ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™.
09:20
There's oil spills, environmental disasters,
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ื™ืฉื ื ื“ืœื™ืคื•ืช ื ืคื˜ ื•ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ืืงื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื,
09:23
water rights disputes, breakaway republics,
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ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ื, ื”ืคืจื“ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืคื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื•ืช,
09:26
famine, endangered species and global warming.
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ืจืขื‘, ืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืกื›ื ืช ื”ื›ื—ื“ื” ื•ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช.
09:28
If Al Gore is here,
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ืื ืืœ ื’ื•ืจ ื ืžืฆื ืคื”,
09:30
I'm going to send my fourth-graders from Agnor-Hurt and Venable schools to you
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ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืืช ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืชื” ื“' ืฉืœื™ ืžื‘ื™ื”"ืก 'ืื ื’ื•ืจ-ื”ืืจื˜' ื•'ื•ืืŸ-ืื‘ืœ' ืืœื™ืš
09:33
because they solved global warming in a week.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื ืคืชืจื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืžืžื•ืช ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
09:36
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:38
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
09:41
And they've done it several times too.
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ื•ื”ื ื’ื ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื” ืžืกืคืจ ืคืขืžื™ื.
09:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:46
So I also have in the game a saboteur --
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื’ื ื—ื‘ืœืŸ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง -
09:49
some child -- it's basically a troublemaker --
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ื™ืœื“ ืื—ื“ -- ืœืžืขืฉื” ื–ื” ื™ืœื“ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช --
09:52
and I have my troublemaker put to use
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื’ื ื‘ื•
09:55
because they, on the surface,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื, ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—,
09:57
are trying to save the world and their position in the game.
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ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžืขืžื“ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง.
09:59
But they're also trying to undermine everything in the game.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื’ื ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื—ืชื•ืจ ืชื—ืช ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง.
10:03
And they do it secretly through misinformation
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ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื—ืฉืื™ื•ืช ื“ืจืš ืžืกื™ืจืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื•ื˜ืขื”,
10:05
and ambiguities and irrelevancies,
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ืžืกืจื™ื ื“ื•-ืžืฉืžืขื™ื ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ืฉืœื ืฉื™ื™ืš ืœืขื ื™ื™ืŸ
10:07
trying to cause everyone to think more deeply.
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ืžื ืกื™ื ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง.
10:09
The saboteur is there,
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ื”ื—ื‘ืœืŸ ืฉื,
10:11
and we also read from Sun Tzu's "The Art of War."
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ื•ืื ื• ื’ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืžืกืคืจื• ืฉืœ ืกืืŸ-ื˜ืฆื• "ืื•ืžื ื•ืช ื”ืžืœื—ืžื”."
10:13
Fourth-graders understand it -- nine years old --
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ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื›ื™ืชื” ื“' ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื–ื” , ื‘ื ื™ ืชืฉืข
10:16
and they handle that and use that
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ื•ื”ื ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื•ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื”
10:18
to understand how to, not follow --
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืœื ืœืœื›ืช ืื—ืจื™,
10:20
at first they do --
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
10:22
the paths to power and destruction,
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ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ื•ื— ื•ื”ืจืก,
10:24
the path to war.
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ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžืœื—ืžื”.
10:26
They learn to overlook short-sighted reactions
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ื”ื ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช-ืจื•ืื™
10:28
and impulsive thinking,
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ื•ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฆืจื™ืช,
10:30
to think in a long-term, more consequential way.
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ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื˜ื•ื•ื—-ืืจื•ืš, ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
10:34
Stewart Brand is here, and one of the ideas for this game came from him
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ืกื˜ื™ื•ืืจื˜ ื‘ืจืื ื“ ื ืžืฆื ืคื”, ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื—ืง ื‘ืื• ืžืžื ื•
10:37
with a CoEvolution Quarterly article
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ืขื ืžืืžืจ ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื”-ื”ื“ื“ื™ืช ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืช
10:39
on a peace force.
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ื‘ื›ื•ื—-ืฉืœื•ื.
10:41
And in the game, sometimes students actually form a peace force.
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืœืขืชื™ื ื”ืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืžืงื™ืžื™ื ื›ื•ื—-ืฉืœื•ื.
10:44
I'm just a clock watcher.
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ืื ื™ ืจืง ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืฉืขื•ืŸ.
10:47
I'm just a clarifier. I'm just a facilitator.
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ืื ื™ ืจืง ืžื‘ื”ื™ืจ. ืื ื™ ืจืง ืžื ื—ื”.
10:49
The students run the game.
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ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืžืชืคืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง.
10:51
I have no chance to make any policy whatsoever
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ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ ืฉื•ื ืกื™ื›ื•ื™, ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ, ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืื™ื–ื•ืฉื”ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช
10:53
once they start playing.
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืฉื—ืง.
10:55
So I'll just share with you ...
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืจืง ืื—ืœื•ืง ืืชื›ื...
10:58
(Video) Boy: The World Peace Game is serious.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื™ืœื“: ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืจืฆื™ื ื™.
11:00
You're actually getting taught something like how to take care of the world.
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ืืชื” ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื•ืžื“ ืœืžืฉืœ ืื™ืš ืœื ื”ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
11:03
See, Mr. Hunter is doing that
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ืชืจืื”, ืžืจ ื”ืื ื˜ืจ ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”
11:05
because he says his time has messed up a lot,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื• ืงืœืงืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื,
11:07
and he's trying to tell us
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื ืกื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื ื•
11:09
how to fix that problem.
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ืื™ืš ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
11:11
John Hunter: I offered them a --
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ื’'ื•ืŸ ื”ืื ื˜ืจ: ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ืข ืœื”ื --
11:13
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
11:16
Actually, I can't tell them anything because I don't know the answer.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื”ื ื›ืœื•ื, ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
11:19
And I admit the truth to them right up front: I don't know.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ืืžืช ื™ืฉืจ ื‘ื”ืชื—ืœื”: ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข.
11:22
And because I don't know, they've got to dig up the answer.
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ื•ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข, ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื”.
11:25
And so I apologize to them as well.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื’ื ืžืชื ืฆืœ ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื.
11:27
I say, "I'm so sorry, boys and girls,
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, "ืื ื™ ืžืฆื˜ืขืจ, ื‘ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื ื•ืช,
11:30
but the truth is
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืืžืช ื”ื™ื
11:32
we have left this world to you in such a sad and terrible shape,
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ืฉื”ืฉืืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื›ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆื•ื‘ ื•ื ื•ืจืื™,
11:35
and we hope you can fix it for us,
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ื•ืื ื• ืžืงื•ื•ื™ื ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืกื“ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื•,
11:37
and maybe this game will help you learn how to do it."
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื” ื™ืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช."
11:39
It's a sincere apology,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืชื ืฆืœื•ืช ื›ื ื”,
11:41
and they take it very seriously.
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ื•ื”ื ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื–ืืช ื‘ืจืฆื™ื ื•ืช.
11:43
Now you may be wondering what all this complexity looks like.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืชื ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื™ ืชื•ื”ื™ื ืื™ืš ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช ื ืจืื™ืช.
11:46
Well when we have the game start, here's what you see.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื›ืฉืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉื—ืง, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืจื•ืื™ื.
11:49
(Video) JH: All right, we're going into negotiations as of now. Go.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื’'.ื”. : ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื•. ื–ื•ื–.
11:52
(Chatter)
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(ืคื™ื˜ืคื•ื˜)
12:00
JH: My question to you is, who's in charge of that classroom?
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ื’'.ื”.: ื”ืฉืืœื” ืฉืœื™ ืืœื™ื›ื ื”ื™ื, ืžื™ ืžืžื•ื ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ื”ื–ืืช?
12:04
It's a serious question: who is really in charge?
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืฉืืœื” ืจืฆื™ื ื™ืช: ืžื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืžืžื•ื ื”?
12:07
I've learned to cede control of the classroom
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื”
12:09
over to the students over time.
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ืœื™ื“ื™ ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
12:11
There's a trust and an understanding
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ื™ืฉื ื ืืžื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื”
12:13
and a dedication to an ideal
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ื•ืžืกื™ืจื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืŸ
12:15
that I simply don't have to do
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ืฉืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช
12:17
what I thought I had to do as a beginning teacher:
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ืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื•ืจื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ:
12:19
control every conversation and response in the classroom.
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ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื—ื” ื•ืชื’ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื›ื™ืชื”.
12:22
It's impossible. Their collective wisdom
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ื–ื” ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืคืฉืจื™. ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื
12:24
is much greater than mine,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืฉืœื™,
12:26
and I admit it to them openly.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ื“ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืคื ื™ื”ื.
12:29
So I'll just share with you some stories very quickly
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืืฉืชืฃ ืืชื›ื, ื‘ื–ืจื™ื–ื•ืช, ื‘ื›ืžื” ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื
12:32
of some magical things that have happened.
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ืฉืœ ืจื’ืขื™ื ืงืกื•ืžื™ื ืฉืงืจื•.
12:35
In this game we had a little girl,
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ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ื• ื™ืœื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื”,
12:38
and she was the Defense Minister of the poorest nation.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
12:41
And the Defense Minister -- she had the tank corps and Air Force and so forth.
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ื•ืฉืจืช ื”ื”ื’ื ื”, ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื˜ื ืงื™ื, ืžื˜ื•ืกื™ื ื•ื›ื“ื•ืžื”.
12:45
And she was next door to a very wealthy, oil-rich neighbor.
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืกืžื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืฉื›ื ื” ืขืฉื™ืจื” ื‘ื ืคื˜ ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ื•ืŸ.
12:48
Without provocation,
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ืœืœื ื”ืชื’ืจื•ืช,
12:50
suddenly she attacked, against her Prime Minister's orders,
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ื”ื™ื ืœืคืชืข ืชืงืคื”, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื”,
12:53
the next-door neighbor's oil fields.
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ืืช ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื›ื ื”.
12:55
She marched into the oil field reserves,
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ื”ื™ื ืฆืขื“ื” ืœืžืื’ืจื™ ื”ืขืชื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ืฉื“ื•ืช ื”ื ืคื˜,
12:57
surrounded it, without firing a shot,
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ื”ืงื™ืคื” ืื•ืชื, ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื™ืจื•ืช ื™ืจื™ื™ื”,
12:59
and secured it and held it.
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ืื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืื•ืชื ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื”ื.
13:01
And that neighbor was unable to conduct any military operations
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ื•ื”ืฉื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื‘ืฆืข ืฉื•ื ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ืฆื‘ืื™ื™ื
13:03
because their fuel supply was locked up.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืกืคืงืช ื”ื“ืœืง ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื—ืกื•ืžื”.
13:06
We were all upset with her, "Why are you doing this?
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื›ืขื•ืกื™ื ืžืžื ื”, "ืœืžื” ืืช ืขื•ืฉื” ืืช ื–ื”?
13:08
This is the World Peace Game. What is wrong with you?"
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™. ืžื” ืงืจื” ืœืš?"
13:10
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:12
This was a little girl and, at nine years old,
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ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื™ืœื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ื‘ืช ืชืฉืข,
13:14
she held her pieces and said, "I know what I'm doing."
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ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื” ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ืฉืœื” ื•ืืžืจื”, "ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื” ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”."
13:17
To her girlfriends she said that.
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ืœื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื” ืืช ื–ื”.
13:20
That's a breach there.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคืจืฆื” ืคื”.
13:22
And we learned in this, you don't really ever want to cross
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ื•ืœืžื“ื ื• ื‘ื–ื”, ืฉืืชื” ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืขืกืง
13:24
a nine year-old girl with tanks.
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ืขื ื™ืœื“ื” ื‘ืช ืชืฉืข ืขื ื˜ื ืงื™ื.
13:26
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:28
They are the toughest opponents.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ืจื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
13:31
And we were very upset.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžืื•ื“ ื›ืขื•ืกื™ื.
13:33
I thought I was failing as a teacher. Why would she do this?
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ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื›ื•ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•ืจื”. ืœืžื” ืœื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”?
13:36
But come to find out, a few game days later --
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืœื™, ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
13:38
and there are turns where we take negotiation from a team --
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ื•ื™ืฉื ื ืชื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื”ืชื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืงื‘ื•ืฆื”,
13:42
actually there's a negotiation period with all teams,
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื™ืฉื ื ื–ืžื ื™ ื”ืชื“ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช,
13:45
and each team takes a turn,
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ื•ื›ืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืœื•ืงื—ืช ืชื•ืจ,
13:47
then we go back in negotiation, around and around,
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ื•ืื– ืื ื• ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื ืœืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ, ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืกื‘ื™ื‘,
13:49
so each turn around is one game day.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืกื‘ื‘ ื›ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื ืžืฉื—ืง ืื—ื“.
13:51
So a few game days later it came to light
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ืื– ื›ืžื” ื™ืžื™ ืžืฉื—ืง ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ืชื‘ื”ืจ
13:54
that we found out this major country
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ืฉื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื”ื–ืืช
13:56
was planning a military offensive
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ืชื›ื ื ืช ืžืชืงืคื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช
13:58
to dominate the entire world.
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ืœื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื•.
14:01
Had they had their fuel supplies, they would have done it.
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ื‘ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืืช ืืกืคืงืช ื”ื“ืœืง ืฉืœื”ื, ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื–ืืช.
14:03
She was able to see the vectors and trend lines and intentions
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื ื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื•ื›ื•ื•ื ื•ืช
14:06
long before any of us
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžืื™ืชื ื•
14:08
and understand what was going to happen
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ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ื” ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช
14:10
and made a philosophical decision
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ื•ืขืฉืชื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ืช
14:12
to attack in a peace game.
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ืœื”ืชืงื™ืฃ ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืœื•ื.
14:15
Now she used a small war to avert a larger war,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ื™ื ื”ืฉืชืžืฉื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื” ืงื˜ื ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ืžืœื—ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”,
14:18
so we stopped and had a very good philosophical discussion
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ืื– ืขืฆืจื ื• ื•ืขืจื›ื ื• ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืงืจื•ื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘
14:20
about whether that was right,
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ,
14:22
conditional good, or not right.
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ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื•ืชื ื”, ืื• ืœื ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
14:25
That's the kind of thinking that we put them in, the situations.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืกื•ื’ ื”ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืฉืื ื• ืฉืžื™ื ืื•ืชื ื‘ืชื•ืš, ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ื.
14:28
I could not have designed that in teaching it.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื–ื”.
14:30
It came about spontaneously through their collective wisdom.
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ื–ื” ื‘ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืกืคื•ื ื˜ื ื™ ื“ืจืš ื”ื—ื›ืžื” ื”ืงื•ืœืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
14:33
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
14:39
Another example, a beautiful thing happened.
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ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช, ื“ื‘ืจ ื™ืคื” ืงืจื”.
14:41
We have a letter in the game.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ืžื›ืชื‘.
14:43
If you're a military commander and you wage troops --
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ืื ืืชื” ืžืคืงื“ ืฆื‘ืื™ ื•ืืชื” ืฉื•ื›ืจ ื—ื™ื™ืœื™ื,
14:45
the little plastic toys on the board -- and you lose them,
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ื›ืœื™ ื”ืคืœืกื˜ื™ืง ื”ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืœื•ื—, ื•ืืชื” ืžืื‘ื“ ืื•ืชื,
14:48
I put in a letter.
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ืื ื™ ืฉื ืžื›ืชื‘.
14:50
You have to write a letter to their parents --
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื›ืชื‘ ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
14:53
the fictional parents of your fictional troops --
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืœืš ื”ื“ืžื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื,
14:55
explaining what happened and offering your condolences.
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ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื” ืงืจื” ื•ืžืฆื™ืข ืืช ืชื ื—ื•ืžื™ืš.
14:58
So you have a little bit more thought
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ื›ืš ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”
15:00
before you commit to combat.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืชื” ื™ื•ืฆื ืœืงืจื‘.
15:03
And so we had this situation come up --
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ืื– ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื‘ื
15:05
last summer actually,
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ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ืฉืขื‘ืจ ืœืžืขืฉื”,
15:07
at Agnor-Hurt School in Albemarle County --
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ื‘ื‘ื™ื”"ืก ืื’ื ื•ืจ-ื”ื•ืจื˜ ื‘ืžื—ื•ื– ืืœื‘ืžืืจืœ
15:10
and one of our military commanders got up to read that letter
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžืžืคืงื“ื™ื ื• ื”ืฆื‘ืื™ื ื ืขืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื›ืชื‘
15:13
and one of the other kids said, "Mr. Hunter,
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืืžืจ, "ืžืจ ื”ืื ื˜ืจ,
15:15
let's ask -- there's a parent over there."
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ื‘ื•ื ื ื‘ืงืฉ, ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื”ื•ืจื™ื."
15:17
There was a parent visiting that day, just sitting in the back of the room.
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ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ื”ื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื™ืงืจ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื, ืฉืกืชื ื™ืฉื‘ ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ืื—ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื“ืจ.
15:19
"Let's ask that mom to read the letter.
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"ื‘ื•ื ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ืืžื ื”ื–ืืช ืœืงืจื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื›ืชื‘.
15:21
It'll be more realer if she reads it."
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืžืชื™ ืื ื”ื™ื ืชืงืจื ืื•ืชื•."
15:23
So we did, we asked her, and she gamely picked up the letter.
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ื•ื›ืš ืขืฉื™ื ื•, ื‘ืงืฉื ื• ืžืžื ื”, ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื™ืžื” ืืช ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉื—ืงื™ืช.
15:26
"Sure." She started reading. She read one sentence.
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"ื‘ื˜ื—." ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœื” ืœืงืจื•ื. ื”ื™ื ืงืจืื” ืžืฉืคื˜ ืื—ื“.
15:29
She read two sentences.
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ื”ื™ื ืงืจื ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื.
15:32
By the third sentence, she was in tears.
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ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ื™ืจื“ื• ืœื” ื“ืžืขื•ืช.
15:35
I was in tears.
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ืœื™ ื™ืจื“ื• ื“ืžืขื•ืช.
15:38
Everybody understood
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ื›ื•ืœื ื”ื‘ื™ื ื•
15:40
that when we lose somebody, the winners are not gloating.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืฉื”ื•, ื”ืžื ืฆื— ืื™ื ื• ืฉืžื— ืœืื™ื“ื•.
15:43
We all lose.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื.
15:46
And it was an amazing occurrence and an amazing understanding.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ืจืข ืžื“ื”ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
15:48
I'll show you what my friend David says about this.
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ืื ื™ ืืจืื” ืœื›ื ืžื” ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื“ื•ื™ื“ ืื•ืžืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
15:50
He's been in many battles.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื.
15:52
(Video) David: We've really had enough of people attacking.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื“ื•ื™ื“: ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื‘ืืžืช ืžืกืคื™ืง ืื ืฉื™ื ืชื•ืงืคื™ื
15:54
I mean, we've been lucky [most of] the time.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ืŸ, ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ืžื–ืœ [ืจื•ื‘] ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
15:58
But now I'm feeling really weird
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืžืžืฉ ืžื•ื–ืจ,
16:00
because I'm living what Sun Tzu said one week.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื™ ืžื” ืฉืกืืŸ-ื˜ืฆื• ืืžืจ ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“.
16:04
One week he said,
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ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“ ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ,
16:06
"Those who go into battle and win
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"ืืœื” ืฉื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืžืœื—ืžื” ื•ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื
16:08
will want to go back,
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ื™ื™ืจืฆื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ,
16:10
and those who lose in battle
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ื›ืœ ืืœื” ืฉื”ืคืกื™ื“ื• ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”
16:12
will want to go back and win."
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ื™ืจืฆื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื ืฆื—."
16:15
And so I've been winning battles,
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ื•ืื ื™ ื ื™ืฆื—ืชื™ ื‘ืงืจื‘ื•ืช,
16:17
so I'm going into battles, more battles.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืงืจื‘ื•ืช, ืขื•ื“ ืงืจื‘ื•ืช.
16:20
And I think it's sort of weird to be living
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืžื•ื–ืจ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช
16:22
what Sun Tzu said.
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ืืช ืžื” ืกืืŸ-ื˜ืฆื• ืืžืจ.
16:26
JH: I get chills every time I see that.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืฆืžืจืžื•ืจืช ื›ืœ ืคืขื ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื–ื”.
16:29
That's the kind of engagement you want to have happen.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ื”ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืชืงืจื”.
16:32
And I can't design that, I can't plan that,
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฆื‘ ืืช ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”,
16:35
and I can't even test that.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื–ื”.
16:37
But it's self-evident assessment.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื”ืขืจื›ื” ื”ืžืขื™ื“ื” ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื”.
16:39
We know that's an authentic assessment of learning.
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ืื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
16:44
We have a lot of data, but I think sometimes we go beyond data
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื™ื“ืข, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืœืคืขืžื™ื ืื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœืžื™ื“ืข
16:47
with the real truth of what's going on.
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ืื ื”ืืžืช ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื” ืฉืงื•ืจื”.
16:50
So I'll just share a third story.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื—ืœื•ืง ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™.
16:53
This is about my friend Brennan.
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ื–ื” ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ืจื ืืŸ.
16:56
We had played the game one session after school
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ืฉื—ืงื ื• ืžืขืจื›ื” ืื—ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ื
16:59
for many weeks, about seven weeks,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ื‘ืขืจืš ืฉื‘ืขื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช,
17:02
and we had essentially solved all 50 of the interlocking crises.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœืžืขืฉื” ืคืชืจื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ 50 ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื–ื•ืจื•ืช.
17:05
The way the game is won is all 50 problems have to be solved
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ื”ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื‘ื” ืžื ืฆื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง, ื›ืœ 50 ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื ืคืชืจื•ืช
17:08
and every country's asset value
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ื•ื›ืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช
17:10
has to be increased above its starting point.
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ืขืœื• ืžืขืœ ื ืงื•ื“ืช ื”ื”ืชื—ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื.
17:12
Some are poor, some are wealthy. There are billions.
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ื›ืžื” ืขื ื™ื™ื, ื›ืžื” ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืžืœื™ืืจื“ื™ื.
17:15
The World Bank president was a third-grader one time.
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ืžื ื”ืœ ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื”ื™ื” ืžื›ื™ืชื” ื’', ืคืขื ืื—ืช.
17:17
He says, "How many zeros in a trillion? I've got to calculate that right away."
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, "ื›ืžื” ืืคืกื™ื ื™ืฉ ื‘ื˜ืจื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ, ืขืœื™ ืœื—ืฉื‘ ื–ืืช ืžื™ื“."
17:20
But he was setting fiscal policy in that game
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืงื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื”
17:22
for high school players who were playing with him.
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ืœืฉื—ืงื ื™ื ืžื”ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืฉื—ืงื• ืืชื•.
17:25
So the team that was the poorest
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:28
had gotten even poorer.
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ื”ืคื›ื” ืœืขื ื™ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ
17:30
There was no way they could win.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืฉื•ื ื“ืจืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื ืฆื—.
17:32
And we were approaching four o'clock, our cut-off time --
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ื•ื”ืชืงืจื‘ื ื• ืœืฉืขื” ืืจื‘ืข, ืฉืขื ื”ืกื™ื•ื ืฉืœื ื•,
17:34
there was about a minute left --
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ื ืฉืืจื” ื‘ืขืจืš ืขื•ื“ ื“ืงื”,
17:36
and despair just settled over the room.
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ื•ื™ืื•ืฉ ื”ืชืคืฉื˜ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ.
17:38
I thought, I'm failing as a teacher.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™, ืื ื™ ื ื›ืฉืœ ื›ืžื•ืจื”.
17:40
I should have gotten it so they could have won.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืกื“ืจ ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื›ื” ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื ืฆื—.
17:43
They shouldn't be failing like this.
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ื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืฉืœ ื›ื›ื”.
17:46
I've failed them.
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ืื ื™ ืื›ื–ื‘ืชื™ ืื•ืชื.
17:49
And I was just feeling so sad and dejected.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืฆื•ื‘ ื•ืžื™ื•ืืฉ.
17:51
And suddenly, Brennan walked over to my chair
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ื•ืœืคืชืข ื‘ืจื ืืŸ ื ื™ื’ืฉ ืืœื™ ืœื›ื™ืกื
17:53
and he grabbed the bell, the bell I ring
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืื—ื– ื‘ืคืขืžื•ืŸ, ื”ืคืขืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ื™ ืžืฆืœืฆืœ
17:55
to signal a change or a reconvening of cabinets,
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ืœืกืžืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื• ื”ืชื›ื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื•ืขื“ืช ื”ืฉืจื™ื,
17:57
and he ran back to his seat, rang the bell.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืจืฅ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœื•, ื•ืฆืœืฆืœ ื‘ืคืขืžื•ืŸ.
17:59
Everybody ran to his chair: there was screaming;
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ื›ื•ืœื ืจืฆื• ืœื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœื•, ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื—ื•ืช,
18:01
there was yelling, waving of their dossiers.
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ื”ื™ื• ืฆืขืงื•ืช, ื ืคื ื•ืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืชื™ืงื™ ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช.
18:03
They get these dossiers full of secret documents.
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ื”ื ืžืžืœืื™ื ืืช ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ื ื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืžืกืžื›ื™ื ืกื•ื“ื™ื™ื.
18:05
They were gesticulating; they were running around.
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ื”ื ื”ื—ื•ื• ืื—ื“ ืœืฉื ื™, ื”ื ืจืฆื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘.
18:07
I didn't know what they were doing. I'd lost control of my classroom.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืžื” ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื. ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™ ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืœ ื”ื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™.
18:11
Principal walks in, I'm out of a job.
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ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืคื ื™ืžื”, ืื ื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
18:14
The parents were looking in the window.
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื”ืกืชื›ืœื• ื‘ื—ืœื•ื ื•ืช.
18:16
And Brennan runs back to his seat. Everybody runs back to their seat.
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ื•ื‘ืจื ืืŸ ืจืฅ ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื™ืกื ืฉืœื•. ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืืจ ืจืฆื™ื ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื›ื™ืกืื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
18:19
He rings the bell again. He says, "We have" --
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ื”ื•ื ืžืฆืœืฆืœ ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืคืขืžื•ืŸ. ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ, "ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•" ,
18:21
and there's 12 seconds left on the clock --
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ื•ื™ืฉื ื 12 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ,
18:23
"we have, all nations, pooled all our funds together.
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"ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืฉื›ื• ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื“.
18:26
And we've got 600 billion dollars.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• 600 ืžืœื™ืืจื“ ื“ื•ืœืจ.
18:28
We're going to offer it as a donation to this poor country.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืชืจื•ืžื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื–ืืช.
18:30
And if they accept it, it'll raise their asset value and we can win the game.
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ื•ืื ื”ื ื™ืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืืขืœื” ืืช ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื”ื ื›ืกื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง.
18:33
Will you accept it?"
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ื”ืื ืชืกื›ื™ืžื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืืช ื–ื”?"
18:35
And there are three seconds left on the clock.
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ื•ื ืฉืืจื• ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ.
18:37
Everybody looks at this prime minister of that country,
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ื›ื•ืœื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ื–ืืช,
18:40
and he says, "Yes."
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ, "ื›ืŸ."
18:42
And the game is won.
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ื•ื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื ื•ืฆื—.
18:45
Spontaneous compassion
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ื—ืžืœื” ืกืคื•ื ื˜ื ื™ืช
18:48
that could not be planned for,
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ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ืื•ืชื”,
18:50
that was unexpected and unpredictable.
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื ืฆืคื•ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœื—ื™ื–ื•ื™.
18:53
Every game we play is different.
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ื›ืœ ืžืฉื—ืง ืฉืื ื• ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ื ื”.
18:55
Some games are more about social issues,
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ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช,
18:57
some are more about economic issues.
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช,
18:59
Some games are more about warfare.
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ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช.
19:01
But I don't try to deny them that reality of being human.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื ืกื” ืœื“ื—ื•ืช ืื•ืชื ืžื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™.
19:04
I allow them to go there
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ืื ื™ ืžืจืฉื” ื”ื ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื
19:06
and, through their own experience, learn, in a bloodless way,
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ื•ื“ืจืš ื”ื”ืชื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืืช ื–ื” ืœืœื ืฉืคื™ื›ื•ืช ื“ืžื™ื
19:10
how not to do what they consider to be the wrong thing.
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ืื™ืš ืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืœื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
19:13
And they find out what is right
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ื•ื”ื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื” ืฉื ื›ื•ืŸ
19:15
their own way, their own selves.
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื, ืžื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื”ื.
19:18
And so in this game,
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ื•ื›ืš ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื”,
19:20
I've learned so much from it,
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ืื ื™ ืœื•ืžื“ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืžื ื•,
19:22
but I would say
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืื•ืžืจ
19:24
that if only
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ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืื
19:27
they could pick up a critical thinking tool
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ื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืืกื•ืฃ ื›ืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื’ื•ืจืœื™
19:29
or creative thinking tool
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ืื• ื›ืœื™ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™
19:31
from this game
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ืžื”ืžืฉื—ืง ื”ื–ื”
19:33
and leverage something good for the world,
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ื•ืœืžื ืฃ ืžืžื ื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื”,
19:37
they may save us all.
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ื”ื ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฆื™ืœื• ืืช ื›ื•ืœื ื•.
19:40
If only.
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ืื ืจืง.
19:43
And on behalf of all of my teachers
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ื•ื‘ืฉื ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
19:45
on whose shoulders I'm standing,
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ืฉืขืœ ื›ืชืคื ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“,
19:47
thank you. Thank you. Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
19:50
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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