How New Technology Helps Blind People Explore the World | Chieko Asakawa | TED Talks

Prevoditelj: Matko Bošnjak Recezent: Ivan Stamenković

You might think there are many things that I can't do

Mogli biste pomisliti da postoje mnoge stvari koje ne mogu raditi

because I cannot see.

zato što ne mogu vidjeti.

That's largely true.

To je većinom istina.

Actually, I just needed to have a bit of help

Zapravo, treba mi samo malo pomoći

to come up to the stage.

da bih došla na pozornicu.

But there is also a lot that I can do.

No, također postoji puno stvari koje mogu.

This is me rock climbing for the first time.

Ovdje se prvi put penjem na stijenu.

Actually, I love sports and I can play many sports,

Zapravo, obožavam sportove, i bavim se mnogima,

like swimming, skiing, skating, scuba diving, running and so on.

poput plivanja, skijanja, klizanja, ronjenja, trčanja, i tako dalje.

But there is one limitation:

No imam jednu zapreku:

somebody needs to help me.

netko mi mora pomoći.

I want to be independent.

Želim biti neovisna.

I lost my sight at the age of 14 in a swimming pool accident.

Izgubila sam vid s 14 godina u nesreći u bazenu.

I was an active, independent teenager,

Bila sam aktivan, neovisan tinejdžer,

and suddenly I became blind.

i odjednom sam postala slijepa.

The hardest thing for me was losing my independence.

Najviše me pogodio gubitak neovisnosti.

Things that until then seemed simple became almost impossible to do alone.

Činilo mi se nemogućim postići išta bez tuđe pomoći.

For example, one of my challenges was textbooks.

Na primjer, jedan od izazova su mi bili udžbenici.

Back then, there were no personal computers,

Tada nije bilo osobnih računala,

no Internet, no smartphones.

niti Interneta, niti pametnih telefona.

So I had to ask one of my two brothers to read me textbooks,

Tako da sam morala zamoliti jednog od braće da mi čita udžbenike,

and I had to create my own books in Braille.

morala sam prepisivati knjige u Brailleovo pismo.

Can you imagine?

Možete li to zamisliti?

Of course, my brothers were not happy about it,

Naravno, moja braća nisu bila pretjerano sretna s time,

and later, I noticed they were not there whenever I needed them.

i kasnije, nisu bila tu kad god sam ih trebala.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I think they tried to stay away from me.

Mislim da su me se lagano klonila.

I don't blame them.

Ne krivim ih.

I really wanted to be freed from relying on someone.

Zaista sam htjela biti oslobođena zavisnosti o drugima.

That became my strong desire to ignite innovation.

To je postao snažan povod želji za inovacijom.

Jump ahead to the mid-1980s.

Skočimo naprijed u sredinu 1980-ih.

I got to know cutting-edge technologies

Upoznala sam mnoge visoke tehnologije,

and I thought to myself,

i pomislila,

how come there is no computer technology

kako to da ne postoji računalna tehnologija

to create books in Braille?

za ispis knjiga u Brailleovo pismo?

These amazing technologies must be able to also help people

Te zadivljujuće tehnologije moraju biti u mogućnost pomoći

with limitations like myself.

ljudima s ograničenjima poput mene.

That's the moment my innovation journey began.

To je trenutak kada je moj inovacijski put započeo.

I started developing digital book technologies,

Započela sam razvijati tehnologije digitalnih knjiga,

such as a digital Braille editor, digital Braille dictionary

poput digitalnog editora Braillea, digitalni Braille riječnik

and a digital Braille library network.

i digitalnu umreženu knjižnicu Braillea.

Today, every student who is visually impaired can read textbooks,

Danas, svaki student s oštećenjem vida može čitati udžbenike,

by using personal computers and mobile devices,

koristeći osobna računala i prijenosne uređaje,

in Braille or in voice.

u Brailleu ili glasovno.

This may not surprise you,

To vas možda ne iznenađuje,

since everyone now has digital books in their tablets in 2015.

s obzirom da danas u 2015 svi imaju knjige u svojim tabletima.

But Braille went digital many years before digital books,

No Braille je prešao u digitalno područje mnogo prije pojave digitalnih knjiga,

already in the late 1980s, almost 30 years ago.

već krajem 1980-ih, skoro prije 30 godina.

Strong and specific needs of the blind people

Izuzetne i specifične potrebe slijepih

made this opportunity to create digital books way back then.

su pokrenule tu mogućnost kreiranja digitalnih knjiga.

And this is actually not the first time this happened,

I ovo nije prvi puta da se nešto takvo dogodilo,

because history shows us accessibility ignites innovation.

jer nas povijest uči da dostupnost pokreće inovaciju.

The telephone was invented while developing a communication tool

Izum telefona pokrenut je razvojem telekomunikacijskih alata

for hearing impaired people.

za ljude s oštećenim sluhom.

Some keyboards were also invented to help people with disabilities.

Određene tipkovnice su izumljene za potrebe ljudi s invalidnošću.

Now I'm going to give you another example from my own life.

Dati ću vam još jedan primjer iz svog života.

In the '90s, people around me started talking about the Internet

U 90-ima, ljudi oko mene su počeli pričati o Internetu

and web browsing.

i pregledavanju stranica.

I remember the first time I went on the web.

Sjećam se prvog puta kad sam krenula pregledavati web.

I was astonished.

Bila sam zapanjena.

I could access newspapers at any time and every day.

Mogla sam pristupiti novinama bilo kada i svaki dan.

I could even search for any information by myself.

Mogla sam čak i tražiti informacije o samoj sebi.

I desperately wanted to help the blind people have access to the Internet,

Očajno sam htjela da slijepi ljudi dobiju pristup Internetu,

and I found ways to render the web into synthesized voice,

i našla sam način prevođenja stranica u sintetizirani glas,

which dramatically simplified the user interface.

koji je dramatično pojednostavio korisničko sučelje.

This led me to develop the Home Page Reader in 1997,

To me dovelo do razvoja Home Page Reader-a (čitač stranica) u 1997-oj,

first in Japanese and later, translated into 11 languages.

prvo na Japanskom, a kasnije prevedenom na 11 jezika.

When I developed the Home Page Reader,

Dok sam razvijala Home Page Reader,

I got many comments from users.

dobivala sam mnoštvo komentara od korisnika.

One that I strongly remember said,

Jednog komentara se posebno sjećam,

"For me, the Internet is a small window to the world."

"Meni osobno, Internet predstavlja mali prozor u svijet."

It was a revolutionary moment for the blind.

Bio je to revolucionarni trenutak za slijepe.

The cyber world became accessible,

Cyber svijet je postao pristupačan,

and this technology that we created for the blind has many uses,

i ova tehnologija koju smo proizveli za slijepe je upotrebljiva na mnoge načine,

way beyond what I imagined.

na puno više njih nego sam mislila.

It can help drivers listen to their emails

Može pomoći vozačima u čitanju e-mailova (digitalne pošte)

or it can help you listen to a recipe while cooking.

ili vam može pomoći u preslušavanju recepta dok kuhate.

Today, I am more independent,

Danas sam neovisnija nego prije,

but it is still not enough.

no to još nije dovoljno.

For example, when I approached the stage just now, I needed assistance.

Na primjer, dok sam prilazila pozornici, trebala mi je pomoć.

My goal is to come up here independently.

Cilj mi je popeti se ovdje potpuno neovisno.

And not just here.

I ne samo ovdje.

My goal is to be able to travel and do things that are simple to you.

Cilj mi je putovati i raditi sve jednostavne stvari koje i vi radite.

OK, now let me show you the latest technologies.

OK, da vam pokažem najnovije tehnologije.

This is a smartphone app that we are working on.

Ovo je aplikacija na pametnom mobitelu koju trenutno razvijamo.

(Video) Electronic voice: 51 feet to the door, and keep straight.

(video) Elektronski glas: 51 stopa do vrata, drži se ravno.

EV: Take the two doors to go out. The door is on your right.

EV: Dvoja vrata do izlaska. Vrata su ti s desna.

EV: Nick is approaching. Looks so happy.

EV: Nick prilazi. Izgleda sretno.

Chieko Asakawa: Hi, Nick!

Chieko Asakawa: Bok, Nick!

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

CA: Where are you going? You look so happy.

CA: Gdje si se zaputio? Izgledaš sretno.

Nick: Oh -- well, my paper just got accepted.

Nick: O -- pa, upravo su mi primili članak.

CA: That's great! Congratulations.

CA: Odlične vijesti! Čestitke.

Nick: Thanks. Wait -- how'd you know it was me, and that I look happy?

Nick: Hvala. Čekaj -- kako si znala da sam to ja i da se doimam sretno?

(Chieko and Nick laugh)

(Chieko i Nick se smiju)

Man: Hi.

Čovjek: Bok.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

CA: Oh ... hi.

CA: O ... bok.

EV: He is not talking to you, but on his phone.

EV: Ne priča s tobom, priča na mobitel.

EV: Potato chips.

EV: Čips.

EV: Dark chocolate with almonds.

EV: Tamna čokolada s bademima.

EV: You gained 5 pounds since yesterday; take apple instead of chocolate.

EV: Dobila si 2 kile od jučer; radije uzmi jabuku umjesto čokolade.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

EV: Approaching.

EV: Prilaziš odredištu.

EV: You arrived.

EV: Stigla si.

CA: Now ...

CA: Sada ...

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Thank you.

Hvala.

So now the app navigates me

Aplikacija me navodi

by analyzing beacon signals and smartphone sensors

analizirajući primljene signale i senzore pametnog telefona

and permits me to move around indoor and outdoor environments

i dozvoljava mi da se krećem i u zatvorenim i u otvorenim prostorima

all by myself.

potpuno samostalno.

But the computer vision part that showed who is approaching,

No tehnologija računalnog vida koja mi pokazuje tko mi prilazi,

in which mood -- we are still working on that part.

i u kojem raspoloženju -- na tome još radimo.

And recognizing facial expressions is very important for me to be social.

Prepoznavanje izraza lica mi je vrlo važno jer omogućava druženje.

So now the fusions of technologies are ready to help me

Spoj svih ovih tehnologija mi omogućava

see the real world.

da vidim svijet oko sebe.

We call this cognitive assistance.

To nazivamo kognitivnom asistencijom.

It understands our surrounding world

Ona razumije svijet kojim smo okruženi

and whispers to me in voice or sends a vibration to my fingers.

i glasovni mi šapće ili šalje vibracije po prstima.

Cognitive assistance will augment missing or weakened abilities --

Kognitivna asistencija će potpomoći nedostajuće ili oslabljene sposobnosti --

in other words, our five senses.

drugim riječima, naših pet osjetila.

This technology is only in an early stage,

Ova tehologija je u ranoj fazi nastanka,

but eventually, I'll be able to find a classroom on campus,

no naposljetku, omogućiti će mi da pronađem učionicu na kampusu,

enjoy window shopping

da uživam u razgledanju izloga

or find a nice restaurant while walking along a street.

ili da pronađem neki fini restoran, u hodu.

It will be amazing if I can find you on the street before you notice me.

Bit će nevjerojatno ako vas uspijem spaziti na cesti prije nego vi mene.

It will become my best buddy, and yours.

Postat će moj najbolji prijatelj, no i vaš također.

So, this really is a great challenge.

Stoga, ovo je odista velik izazov.

It is a challenge that needs collaboration,

To je izazov koji zahtjeva suradnju,

which is why we are creating an open community

zato smo stvorili otvorenu zajednicu

to accelerate research activities.

koja bi ubrzala istraživačke aktivnosti.

Just this morning, we announced the open-source fundamental technologies

Baš ovo jutro smo objavili da otvaramo kod fundamentalnih tehnologija

you just saw in the video.

koje ste upravo vidjeli u videu.

The frontier is the real world.

Granica je svijet oko nas.

The blind community is exploring this technical frontier

Društvo slijepih istražuje ove tehničke fronte

and the pathfinder.

i vodiče.

I hope to work with you to explore the new era,

Nadam se da ćemo raditi zajedno u otkrivanju nove ere,

and the next time that I'm on this stage,

i da ću idući puta na ovu pozornicu,

through technology and innovation,

kroz tehnologiju i inovaciju,

I will be able to walk up here

biti u mogućnosti doći

all by myself.

potpuno samostalno.

Thank you so much.

Puno vam hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)