Isaac Lidsky: What reality are you creating for yourself? | TED

Prevoditelj: Ivan Stamenković Recezent: Senzos Osijek

When Dorothy was a little girl,

Kada je Dorothy bila malena djevojčica,

she was fascinated by her goldfish.

fascinirale su je njene zlatne ribice.

Her father explained to her that fish swim by quickly wagging their tails

Njen otac joj je objasnio da ribe brzo plivaju mašući repom

to propel themselves through the water.

da bi se pokretale kroz vodu.

Without hesitation, little Dorothy responded,

Bez oklijevanja, malena Dorothy odgovorila je

"Yes, Daddy, and fish swim backwards by wagging their heads."

"Da, tata, a ribe plivaju unatrag mašući glavama."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

In her mind, it was a fact as true as any other.

U njenom umu, to je činjenica koja je istinita kao svaka druga.

Fish swim backwards by wagging their heads.

Ribe plivaju unatrag mašući glavom.

She believed it.

Vjerovala je u to.

Our lives are full of fish swimming backwards.

Naši životi puni su riba koje plivaju unatrag.

We make assumptions and faulty leaps of logic.

Radimo pretpostavke i krive zaključke.

We harbor bias.

Zadržavamo predrasude.

We know that we are right, and they are wrong.

Znamo da smo mi u pravu, a oni su u krivu.

We fear the worst.

Bojimo se najgoreg.

We strive for unattainable perfection.

Težimo nedostižnoj savršenosti.

We tell ourselves what we can and cannot do.

Govorimo si što možemo i što ne.

In our minds, fish swim by in reverse frantically wagging their heads

U našim umovima, ribe plivaju unatrag mašući glavama

and we don't even notice them.

i mi ih ni ne primjetimo.

I'm going to tell you five facts about myself.

Reći ću vam pet činjenica o sebi.

One fact is not true.

Jedna činjenica nije točna.

One: I graduated from Harvard at 19 with an honors degree in mathematics.

Prva: Diplomirao sam s Harvarda s 19, sa diplomom iz matematike.

Two: I currently run a construction company in Orlando.

Druga: Trenutno vodim građevinsku tvrtku u Orlandu.

Three: I starred on a television sitcom.

Tri: Glumio sam u TV seriji.

Four: I lost my sight to a rare genetic eye disease.

Četiri: Izgubio sam vid zbog rijetke genetske bolesti.

Five: I served as a law clerk to two US Supreme Court justices.

Pet: bio sam činovnik kod dva suca Američkog Vrhovnog Suda.

Which fact is not true?

Koja činjenica nije istinita?

Actually, they're all true.

Pa zapravo, sve su istinite.

Yeah. They're all true.

Da. One su sve istinite.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

At this point, most people really only care about the television show.

U ovom trenutku, većinu ljudi zanima samo tv serija.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

I know this from experience.

Znam to iz iskustva.

OK, so the show was NBC's "Saved by the Bell: The New Class."

Ok, serija je bila NBC-jeva "Spasilo ih zvono: Novi razred."

And I played Weasel Wyzell,

A ja sam bio Weasel Wyzell,

who was the sort of dorky, nerdy character on the show,

koji je lik šmokljana u seriji,

which made it a very major acting challenge

što je za mene bio veliki glumački izazov,

for me as a 13-year-old boy.

jer sam imao 13 godina.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Now, did you struggle with number four, my blindness?

Da li ste se mučili s brojem četiri, mojom sljepoćom?

Why is that?

Zašto je to tako?

We make assumptions about so-called disabilities.

Radimo pretpostavke o takozvanim invalidnostima.

As a blind man, I confront others' incorrect assumptions

Kao slijepac, susrećem se sa netočnim pretpostavkama

about my abilities every day.

o mojim sposobnostima svakog dana.

My point today is not about my blindness, however.

No, ja danas ne pričam o svojoj sljepoći.

It's about my vision.

Pričam o svom vidu.

Going blind taught me to live my life eyes wide open.

Oslijepivši, naučio sam živjeti život širom otvorenih očiju.

It taught me to spot those backwards-swimming fish

Naučilo me da uočim te ribe koje plivaju unatraške,

that our minds create.

koje naš um stvara.

Going blind cast them into focus.

Oslijepivši, te ribe su došle u fokus.

What does it feel like to see?

Kakav je osjećaj gledati?

It's immediate and passive.

Neposredno je i pasivno.

You open your eyes and there's the world.

Otvorite oči i svijet je tu.

Seeing is believing. Sight is truth.

Vidjeti je vjerovati. Vid je istina.

Right?

Zar ne?

Well, that's what I thought.

Pa, to sam i ja mislio.

Then, from age 12 to 25, my retinas progressively deteriorated.

Onda, od 12 do 25 godine rožnice su mi propadale.

My sight became an increasingly bizarre

Moj vid postajao je sve čudnija

carnival funhouse hall of mirrors and illusions.

karnevalska kuća zabave sa ogledalima i iluzijama.

The salesperson I was relieved to spot in a store

Prodavač kojeg sam s radošću pronašao u trgovini

was really a mannequin.

bila je zapravo lutka.

Reaching down to wash my hands,

Pokušavajući oprati ruke,

I suddenly saw it was a urinal I was touching, not a sink,

shvatio sam da sam ruke stavio u pisoar, a ne umivaonik,

when my fingers felt its true shape.

kada su moji prsti osjetili stvarni oblik.

A friend described the photograph in my hand,

Prijatelj mi je opisao fotografiju u mojoj ruci

and only then I could see the image depicted.

i tek onda sam mogao vidjeti opisanu sliku,.

Objects appeared, morphed and disappeared in my reality.

Predmeti su bili izobličeni i nestajali su u mojoj stvarnosti.

It was difficult and exhausting to see.

Bilo je teško i iscrpljujuće gledati.

I pieced together fragmented, transitory images,

Spajao sam fragmentirane, prijelazne slike,

consciously analyzed the clues,

svjesno analizirao tragove,

searched for some logic in my crumbling kaleidoscope,

tražio smisao u mom kaleidoskopu koji se raspadao,

until I saw nothing at all.

dok nisam vidio ništa,

I learned that what we see

i naučio sam da ono što vidimo

is not universal truth.

nije univerzalna istina.

It is not objective reality.

To nije objektivna stvarnost.

What we see is a unique, personal, virtual reality

Ono što vidimo je jedinstvena, osobna, virtualna stvarnost

that is masterfully constructed by our brain.

koju naš mozak vješto konstruira.

Let me explain with a bit of amateur neuroscience.

Dozvolite da vam objasnim nešto o amaterskoj neuroznanosti.

Your visual cortex takes up about 30 percent of your brain.

Vaš vizualni korteks zauzima oko 30 posto vašeg mozga.

That's compared to approximately eight percent for touch

To je u usporedbi s otprilike osam posto za dodir

and two to three percent for hearing.

i dva do tri posto za sluh.

Every second, your eyes can send your visual cortex

Svake sekunde, vaše oči mogu poslati vašem vizualnom koreteksu

as many as two billion pieces of information.

do 2 milijarde komada informacija.

The rest of your body can send your brain only an additional billion.

Ostatak tijela šalje samo još milijardu.

So sight is one third of your brain by volume

Vid je jedna trećina mozga u volumenu

and can claim about two thirds of your brain's processing resources.

i može zauzeti dvije trećine resursa za procesuiranje vašeg mozga.

It's no surprise then

Onda nije iznenađujuće

that the illusion of sight is so compelling.

da je iluzija vida tako privlačna.

But make no mistake about it: sight is an illusion.

Ali ne griješite: vid je iluzija.

Here's where it gets interesting.

Ovdje postaje zanimljivo.

To create the experience of sight,

Kako biste stvorili iskustvo vida,

your brain references your conceptual understanding of the world,

vaš mozak referira se na vaše konceptualno shvaćanje svijeta,

other knowledge, your memories, opinions, emotions, mental attention.

drugo znanje, kao sjećanja, mišljenja, emocije, pozornost.

All of these things and far more are linked in your brain to your sight.

Sve te stvari i puno više povezani su u mozgu s vašim vidom.

These linkages work both ways, and usually occur subconsciously.

Ove veze rade u oba smjera, i najčešće se javljaju podsvjesno.

So for example,

Na primjer,

what you see impacts how you feel,

ono što vidite utječe na to kako se osjećate,

and the way you feel can literally change what you see.

i to kako se osjećate može doslovno promijeniti što vidite.

Numerous studies demonstrate this.

Brojne studije demonstriraju ovo.

If you are asked to estimate

Ako vas pitaju da procijenite

the walking speed of a man in a video, for example,

brzinu čovjeka u videu, na primjer,

your answer will be different if you're told to think about cheetahs or turtles.

vaš odgovor će biti drugačiji ako vam kažu da mislite o leopardima ili kornjačama.

A hill appears steeper if you've just exercised,

Brdo je strmije ako ste upravo vježbali,

and a landmark appears farther away

i znamenitost izgleda dalje

if you're wearing a heavy backpack.

ako nosite težak ruksak.

We have arrived at a fundamental contradiction.

Stigli smo do fundametalne proturječnosti.

What you see is a complex mental construction of your own making,

Ono što vidite je složena mentalna konstrukcija vaše izrade,

but you experience it passively

ali ju doživljavate pasivno

as a direct representation of the world around you.

kao direktnu reprezentaciju svijeta oko vas.

You create your own reality, and you believe it.

Stvarate vlastitu realnost i vjerujete u nju.

I believed mine until it broke apart.

U svoju sam vjerovao dok se nije raspala.

The deterioration of my eyes shattered the illusion.

Propadanje mojih očiju razbilo je tu iluziju.

You see, sight is just one way

Vidite, vid je samo jedan način

we shape our reality.

na koji oblikujemo svoju stvarnost.

We create our own realities in many other ways.

Stvaramo vlastitu stvarnost na razne načine.

Let's take fear as just one example.

Uzmimo strah kao jedan primjer.

Your fears distort your reality.

Vaši strahovi iskrivljuju vašu strvarnost.

Under the warped logic of fear, anything is better than the uncertain.

Pod iskrivljenom logikom straha, sve je bolje od nesigurnosti.

Fear fills the void at all costs,

Strah ispunjava prazninu pod svaku cijenu,

passing off what you dread for what you know,

mjenjajući ono čega se bojite za ono što vam je poznato,

offering up the worst in place of the ambiguous,

nudeći najgore u zamjenu za ono nejasno,

substituting assumption for reason.

zamjenjujući pretpostavku razumom.

Psychologists have a great term for it: awfulizing.

Psiholozi imaju odličan izraz za to: awfuzling.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Right?

Zar ne?

Fear replaces the unknown with the awful.

Strah mijenja nepoznato užasnim.

Now, fear is self-realizing.

Sad, strah je samoostvarujući.

When you face the greatest need

Kada se suočite s najvećom potrebom

to look outside yourself and think critically,

da pogledate izvan sebe i razmišljate kritički,

fear beats a retreat deep inside your mind,

strah pobjeđuje povlačenje u vlastiti um,

shrinking and distorting your view,

smanjujući i iskrivljujući vaš pogled,

drowning your capacity for critical thought

utapajući vaš kapacitet za kritičko razmišljanje

with a flood of disruptive emotions.

sa poplavom disruptivnih emocija.

When you face a compelling opportunity to take action,

Kada se suočite s prilikom za djelovanje

fear lulls you into inaction,

strah vas uljuljka u nedjelovanje,

enticing you to passively watch its prophecies fulfill themselves.

potičući vas da pasivno gledate kako se proročanstva ispunjavaju.

When I was diagnosed with my blinding disease,

Kada su mi dijagnosticirali moju osjepljujuću bolest,

I knew blindness would ruin my life.

znao sam da će mi sljepoća uništiti život.

Blindness was a death sentence for my independence.

Sljepoća je bila smrtna kazna za moju neovisnost.

It was the end of achievement for me.

To je bio kraj postizanja za mene.

Blindness meant I would live an unremarkable life,

Sljepoća je značila da ću živjeti nedojmljiv život,

small and sad,

mali i tužan,

and likely alone.

i najvjerojatnije sam.

I knew it.

Znao sam to.

This was a fiction born of my fears, but I believed it.

To je bila fikcija stvorena iz straha, ali vjerovao sam u nju.

It was a lie, but it was my reality,

Bila je laž, ali moja stvarnost.

just like those backwards-swimming fish in little Dorothy's mind.

Kao one ribe koje plivaju unatrag u umu male Dorothy.

If I had not confronted the reality of my fear,

Da se nisam suočio sa stvarnošću mojih strahova,

I would have lived it.

živio bih ga.

I am certain of that.

Siguran sam u to.

So how do you live your life eyes wide open?

Kako živite život širom otvorenih očiju?

It is a learned discipline.

To je naučena disciplina.

It can be taught. It can be practiced.

Može ju se naučiti. Može se vježbati.

I will summarize very briefly.

Sumirat ću je kratko.

Hold yourself accountable

Budite odgovorni

for every moment, every thought,

za svaki trenutak, svaku misao,

every detail.

svaki detalj.

See beyond your fears.

Gledajte dalje od strahova.

Recognize your assumptions.

Prepoznajte svoje pretpostavke.

Harness your internal strength.

Prikupite nutarnju snagu.

Silence your internal critic.

Utišajte unutarnjeg kritičara.

Correct your misconceptions about luck and about success.

Ispravite svoje krive pretpostavke o uspjehu i sreći.

Accept your strengths and your weaknesses, and understand the difference.

Prihvatite svoje snage i slabosti, i shvatite razliku.

Open your hearts

Otvorite vaša srca

to your bountiful blessings.

vašim mnogim blagoslovima.

Your fears, your critics,

Vaši strahovi, vaše kritike,

your heroes, your villains --

vaši heroji, vaši zlikovci --

they are your excuses,

sve su to vaše isprike,

rationalizations, shortcuts,

racionalizacije, prečaci,

justifications, your surrender.

opravdanja, vaša predaja.

They are fictions you perceive as reality.

To su fikcije koje prihvaćate kao stvarnost.

Choose to see through them.

Odaberite da gledate kroz njih.

Choose to let them go.

Odaberite da ih pustite.

You are the creator of your reality.

Vi ste kreator vaše stvarnosti.

With that empowerment comes complete responsibility.

Sa tim osnaživanjem dolazi potpuna odgovornost.

I chose to step out of fear's tunnel into terrain uncharted and undefined.

Odlučio sam iskoračiti iz tunela straha u teren koji nije mapiran niti definiran.

I chose to build there a blessed life.

Odabrao sam tamo izgraditi blagoslovljen život.

Far from alone,

Nisam bio sam,

I share my beautiful life with Dorothy,

svoj život dijelim s Dorothy,

my beautiful wife,

mojom ženom,

with our triplets, whom we call the Tripskys,

našim trojkama koje zovemo Tripskys,

and with the latest addition to the family,

i sa najnovijim dodatkom našoj obitelji,

sweet baby Clementine.

malom bebom Clementine.

What do you fear?

Čega se bojite?

What lies do you tell yourself?

Koje si laži govorite?

How do you embellish your truth and write your own fictions?

Kako odbacujete vlastitu istinu i pišete vlastitu fikciju?

What reality are you creating for yourself?

Koju stvarnost stvarate za sebe?

In your career and personal life, in your relationships,

U vašoj karijeri i osobnom životu, u vašim vezama,

and in your heart and soul,

i u vašem srcu i duši,

your backwards-swimming fish do you great harm.

vaše ribe koje plivaju unatrag čine vam veliko zlo.

They exact a toll in missed opportunities and unrealized potential,

Naplaćuju vam putarinu u promašenim prilikama i neostvarenom potencijalu,

and they engender insecurity and distrust

i one utjelovljuju nesigurnost i nepovjerenje

where you seek fulfillment and connection.

gdje tražite ispunjenje i povezivanje.

I urge you to search them out.

Pozivam vas da ih potražite

Helen Keller said that the only thing worse than being blind

Hellen Keller rekla je da je jedina gora stvar od sljepoće

is having sight but no vision.

imati vid ali ne imati viziju.

For me, going blind was a profound blessing,

Za mene je sljepoća bila istinski blagoslov

because blindness gave me vision.

jer mi je sljepoća dala viziju.

I hope you can see what I see.

Nadam se da možete vidjeti ono što ja vidim.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

Bruno Giussani: Isaac, before you leave the stage, just a question.

Bruno Giussani: Isaac, prije nego odeš s pozornice, samo pitanje.

This is an audience of entrepreneurs, of doers, of innovators.

Ovo je publika poduzetnika, činitelja, inovatora.

You are a CEO of a company down in Florida,

Ti si direktor tvrtke u Floridi

and many are probably wondering,

i mnogi se pitaju,

how is it to be a blind CEO?

kako je to biti slijepi direktor?

What kind of specific challenges do you have, and how do you overcome them?

Kakve specifične izazove imaš i kako ih prevladavaš?

Isaac Lidsky: Well, the biggest challenge became a blessing.

Isaac Lidsky: Pa, najveći izazov postao je blagoslov.

I don't get visual feedback from people.

Ja ne vidim reakcije ljudi.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

BG: What's that noise there? IL: Yeah.

BG: Kakva je to buka tamo? IL: Da

So, for example, in my leadership team meetings,

Na primjer, na timskim sastancima vodstva,

I don't see facial expressions or gestures.

ne vidim geste ili izrae lica.

I've learned to solicit a lot more verbal feedback.

Naučio sam tražiti više usmenih povratnih informacija.

I basically force people to tell me what they think.

U osnovi tjeram ljude da mi kažu što misle.

And in this respect,

I u tom smislu,

it's become, like I said, a real blessing for me personally and for my company,

postalo je, kako rekoh, pravi blagoslov za mene i tvrtku,

because we communicate at a far deeper level,

jer komuniciramo na puno dubljem nivou

we avoid ambiguities,

kako bi izbjegli dvosmislenost,

and most important, my team knows that what they think truly matters.

i najvažnije od svega, moj tim zna da ono što misle jest zaista bitno.

BG: Isaac, thank you for coming to TED. IL: Thank you, Bruno.

BG: Isaac, hvala ti što si došao na TED. IL: Hvala tebi, Bruno.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)