Why you should know how much your coworkers get paid | David Burkus

206,454 views

2016-10-11 ・ TED


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Why you should know how much your coworkers get paid | David Burkus

206,454 views ・ 2016-10-11

TED


Dvaput kliknite na engleske titlove ispod za reprodukciju videozapisa.

Prevoditelj: Tilen Pigac - EFZG Recezent: Ivan Stamenković
00:13
How much do you get paid?
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Kolika vam je plaća?
00:15
Don't answer that out loud.
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Nemojte glasno odgovoriti.
00:17
But put a number in your head.
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Ali stavite brojku u svojoj glavi.
00:20
Now: How much do you think the person sitting next to you gets paid?
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Sada: Što mislite, koliko osoba pored vas zarađuje?
00:25
Again, don't answer out loud.
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Ponovno, nemojte glasno odgovoriti.
00:27
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
00:29
At work, how much do you think
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Na poslu, koliko mislite
00:31
the person sitting in the cubicle or the desk next to you gets paid?
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osoba koja sjedi kraj vas zarađuje?
00:35
Do you know?
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Znate li?
00:36
Should you know?
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Biste li trebali znati?
00:38
Notice, it's a little uncomfortable for me to even ask you those questions.
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Ako primjetite, malo mi je neugodno postaviti vam ova pitanja.
00:42
But admit it -- you kind of want to know.
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Ali priznajte -- u neku ruku želite znati.
00:46
Most of us are uncomfortable with the idea of broadcasting our salary.
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Većini nas nije ugodno razmišljati o iznošenju naše plaće.
00:50
We're not supposed to tell our neighbors,
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Ne bismo trebali to reći našim susjedima,
00:52
and we're definitely not supposed to tell our office neighbors.
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i definitivno ne bismo to trebali reći našim susjedima na poslu.
00:55
The assumed reason is that if everybody knew what everybody got paid,
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Pretpostavka je da kada bi svi znali koliko svatko zarađuje,
00:59
then all hell would break loose.
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izbio bi kaos.
01:01
There'd be arguments, there'd be fights,
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Uslijedile bi prepirke, svađe,
01:03
there might even be a few people who quit.
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čak bi bilo i ljudi koji bi dali ostavku.
01:05
But what if secrecy is actually the reason for all that strife?
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Ali, što ako je tajnovitost zapravo razlog svoj toj svađi?
01:09
And what would happen if we removed that secrecy?
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I što bi se dogodilo kada bi uklonili tu tajnovitost?
01:12
What if openness actually increased the sense of fairness and collaboration
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Što ako otvorenost uveća osjećaj pravde i suradnje
01:16
inside a company?
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u organizaciji?
01:17
What would happen if we had total pay transparency?
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Što bi se dogodilo kada bi plaće bile totalno transparentne?
01:22
For the past several years,
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Posljednjih nekoliko godina,
01:23
I've been studying the corporate and entrepreneurial leaders
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proučavao sam korporativne i poduzetničke vođe
01:26
who question the conventional wisdom about how to run a company.
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koji preispituju konvencionalne mudrosti o tome kako voditi tvrtku.
01:30
And the question of pay keeps coming up.
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I pitanje plaće se stalno pojavljuje.
01:33
And the answers keep surprising.
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I odgovori iznenađuju.
01:36
It turns out that pay transparency --
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Ispostavlja se kako transparentnost plaća --
01:38
sharing salaries openly across a company --
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otvorenost o plaćama u cijeloj tvrtki --
01:40
makes for a better workplace for both the employee
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doprinosi boljem radnom mjestu za zaposlenike
01:43
and for the organization.
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i za tvrtku.
01:45
When people don't know how their pay compares to their peers',
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Kada ljudi ne znaju koliko zarađuju u odnosu na kolege,
01:48
they're more likely to feel underpaid
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veća je vjerojatnost da se osjećaju potplaćenima
01:50
and maybe even discriminated against.
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i čak kao žrtve diskriminacije.
01:52
Do you want to work at a place that tolerates the idea
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Želite li raditi u tvrtki koja odobrava ideju
01:55
that you feel underpaid or discriminated against?
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da se osjećate potplaćeno ili diskriminirano?
01:58
But keeping salaries secret does exactly that,
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A držanje plaća u tajnovitosi doprinosi upravo tome,
02:01
and it's a practice as old as it is common,
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i ta praksa je stara koliko je i učestala,
02:04
despite the fact that in the United States,
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unatoč činjenici kako u Sjedinjenim Državama
02:06
the law protects an employee's right to discuss their pay.
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zakon stoji na strani zaposlenika kada pričaju o plaći.
02:11
In one famous example from decades ago,
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U jednom poznatom primjeru od prije nekoliko desetljeća,
02:13
the management of Vanity Fair magazine
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menadžment Vanity Fair časopisa
02:16
actually circulated a memo entitled:
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je cirkulirao memo poruku naslovljenu:
02:18
"Forbidding Discussion Among Employees of Salary Received."
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"Zabranjen Razgovor O Primljenoj Plaći Među Zaposlenicima."
02:21
"Forbidding" discussion among employees of salary received.
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"Zabranjen" razgovor o primljenoj plaći među zaposlenicima.
02:25
Now that memo didn't sit well with everybody.
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Taj memorandum nisu svi dobro primili.
02:27
New York literary figures Dorothy Parker,
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Književni likovi New York-a, Dorothy Parker,
02:29
Robert Benchley and Robert Sherwood,
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Robert Benchley i Robert Sherwood,
02:31
all writers in the Algonquin Round Table,
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svi pisci za Okrugli Stol Algonquin-a,
02:33
decided to stand up for transparency
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su odlučili založiti se za transparentnost
02:35
and showed up for work the next day
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i pojavili se idući dan na poslu
02:37
with their salary written on signs hanging from their neck.
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noseći oko vrata znak sa ispisanom plaćom.
02:40
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:42
Imagine showing up for work
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Zamislite da se pojavite na poslu
02:44
with your salary just written across your chest for all to see.
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sa svojom plaćom ispisanom preko prsa kako bi svi vidjeli.
02:49
But why would a company even want to discourage salary discussions?
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Ali zašto bi tvrtka željela obeshrabriti razgovore o plaćama?
02:52
Why do some people go along with it, while others revolt against it?
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Zašto neki ljudi to prihvate, dok se drugi bune protiv toga?
02:57
It turns out that in addition to the assumed reasons,
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Ispostavlja se da, unatoč pretpostavkama,
03:00
pay secrecy is actually a way to save a lot of money.
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tajnovitost plaća doprinosi velikim uštedama novca.
03:04
You see, keeping salaries secret
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Vidite, držanje plaća u tajnosti
03:06
leads to what economists call "information asymmetry."
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dovodi do nečega što ekonomisti nazivaju "asimetričnost informacija."
03:09
This is a situation where, in a negotiation,
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To je situacija gdje, prilikom pregovora,
03:11
one party has loads more information than the other.
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jedna strana ima puno više informacija nego druga strana.
03:14
And in hiring or promotion or annual raise discussions,
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A kod zapošljavanja ili promocije ili razgovora o povišici,
03:18
an employer can use that secrecy to save a lot of money.
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poslodavac može koristiti tu tajnovitost kako bi uštedio puno novca.
03:22
Imagine how much better you could negotiate for a raise
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Zamislite koliko bolje bi mogli pregovarati o povišici
03:25
if you knew everybody's salary.
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kada bi znali svačiju plaću.
03:29
Economists warn that information asymmetry
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Ekonomisti upozoravaju kako asimetričnost informacija
03:32
can cause markets to go awry.
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može doprinijeti lošem tržištu.
03:33
Someone leaves a pay stub on the copier,
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Netko ostavi ispis plaća na kopirki
03:35
and suddenly everybody is shouting at each other.
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i odjednom svi viču jedni na druge.
03:38
In fact, they even warn
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Zapravo, oni upozoravaju
03:40
that information asymmetry can lead to a total market failure.
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kako asimetričnost informacija može dovesti do potpunog sloma tržišta.
03:46
And I think we're almost there.
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I mislim kako smo gotovo tamo.
03:48
Here's why:
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Evo zašto:
03:49
first, most employees have no idea how their pay compares to their peers'.
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prvo, većina zaposlenika ne zna kakva je njihova plaća u odnosu na plaće kolega.
03:54
In a 2015 survey of 70,000 employees,
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U istraživanju iz 2015. godine, na 70,000 zaposlenika,
03:58
two-thirds of everyone who is paid at the market rate
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dvije trećine svih koji su plaćeni po stopama tržišta
04:02
said that they felt they were underpaid.
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se osjećaju potplaćenima.
04:05
And of everybody who felt that they were underpaid,
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I od svih koji se osjećaju potplaćenima,
04:07
60 percent said that they intended to quit,
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60 posto njih je reklo kako namjeravaju dati ostavku
04:10
regardless of where they were -- underpaid, overpaid
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bez obzira na to gdje se nalaze -- potplaćeni, preplaćeni
04:13
or right at the market rate.
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ili plaćeni po stopi tržišta.
04:16
If you were part of this survey, what would you say?
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Kada bi sudjelovali u tom istraživanju, što biste rekli?
04:18
Are you underpaid?
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Jeste li potplaćeni?
04:19
Well, wait -- how do you even know,
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Čekajte -- kako možete to znati
04:22
because you're not allowed to talk about it?
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kada vam je zabranjeno pričati o tome?
04:24
Next, information asymmetry, pay secrecy,
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Iduće, asimetričnost informacija, tajnovitost plaća,
04:28
makes it easier to ignore the discrimination
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lako vode do zapostavljanja diskriminacije
04:31
that's already present in the market today.
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koja već danas postoji na tržištu.
04:34
In a 2011 report from the Institute for Women's Policy Research,
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U izvješću iz 2011. godine sa Instituta za Istraživanje Ženskih Prava,
04:37
the gender wage gap between men and women
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nesrazmjer u plaćama između muškaraca i žena
04:40
was 23 percent.
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je bio 23 posto.
04:42
This is where that 77 cents on the dollar comes from.
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Tu proizlazi ta razlika od 77 centi na dolar.
04:45
But in the Federal Government,
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Ali u Federalnoj Vladi,
04:47
where salaries are pinned to certain levels
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gdje su plaće vezane uz određene razrede
04:49
and everybody knows what those levels are,
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i svatko zna koji su to razredi,
04:51
the gender wage gap shrinks to 11 percent --
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nesrazmjer u plaćama se smanji na 11 posto --
04:53
and this is before controlling for any of the factors
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i to je prije kontroliranja bilo kojeg od faktora
04:55
that economists argue over whether or not to control for.
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za koje ekonomisti raspravljaju da li ih kontrolirati ili ne.
04:59
If we really want to close the gender wage gap,
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Ukoliko stvarno želimo ukinuti nesrazmjer u plaćama,
05:01
maybe we should start by opening up the payroll.
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možda bismo trebali objaviti ispis plaća.
05:04
If this is what total market failure looks like,
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Ako ovako izgleda potpuni slom tržišta,
05:08
then openness remains the only way to ensure fairness.
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onda otvorenost predstavlja jedini način da se uspostavi pravednost.
05:12
Now, I realize that letting people know what you make
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Shvaćam kako davanjem ljudima do znanja koliko zarađujete
05:14
might feel uncomfortable,
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može biti neugodno,
05:16
but isn't it less uncomfortable
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no nije li manje neugodno
05:18
than always wondering if you're being discriminated against,
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nego se uvijek pitati da li ste diskriminirani,
05:20
or if your wife or your daughter or your sister is being paid unfairly?
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ili da li su vaša žena ili kćer ili sestra nepravedno plaćene?
05:25
Openness remains the best way to ensure fairness,
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Otvorenost predstavlja najbolji način da se osigura pravda
05:29
and pay transparency does that.
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i transparentnost plaća radi upravo to.
05:31
That's why entrepreneurial leaders and corporate leaders
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Zato su korporativni i poduzetnički vođe
05:34
have been experimenting with sharing salaries for years.
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eksperimentirali godinama sa razgovorima o plaćama.
05:37
Like Dane Atkinson.
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Poput Dane Atkinson-a.
05:38
Dane is a serial entrepreneur who started many companies
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Dane je serijski poduzetnik koji je osnovao mnogo tvrtki
05:42
in a pay secrecy condition
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gdje je plaća bila tajna
05:44
and even used that condition to pay two equally qualified people
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i čak je iskoristio tu situaciju kako bi platio dvije jednako kvalificirane
05:47
dramatically different salaries,
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osobe drastično različite plaće,
05:49
depending on how well they could negotiate.
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ovisno kako dobro mogu pregovarati.
05:52
And Dane saw the strife that happened as a result of this.
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I Dane je svjediočio svađi koja je uslijedila kao rezultat toga.
05:55
So when he started his newest company, SumAll,
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Stoga, kada je osnovao svoju najnoviju tvrtku, SumAll,
05:58
he committed to salary transparency from the beginning.
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posvetio se transparentnosti plaća od samog početka.
06:01
And the results have been amazing.
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I rezultati su bili nevjerojatni.
06:04
And in study after study,
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I u svakom istraživanju,
06:06
when people know how they're being paid
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kada ljudi znaju koliko su plaćeni,
06:07
and how that pay compares to their peers',
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i koliko je to u usporedbi sa kolegama,
06:10
they're more likely to work hard to improve their performance,
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veća je vjerojatnost kako će marno raditi kako bi se poboljšali,
06:12
more likely to be engaged, and they're less likely to quit.
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veća je vjerojatnost da su prisutni, i manja šansa da daju ostavku.
06:15
That's why Dane's not alone.
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I zato Dane nije sam.
06:17
From technology start-ups like Buffer,
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Od tehnoloških start-up-ova, poput Buffer-a,
06:19
to the tens of thousands of employees at Whole Foods,
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sve do desetaka tisuća zaposlenih u Whole Foods-u,
06:23
where not only is your salary available for everyone to see,
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gdje, ne samo da je vaša plaća poznata svima,
06:26
but the performance data for the store and for your department
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već i podaci o uspješnosti trgovine i vašeg tima
06:29
is available on the company intranet
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su dostupni na intranetu tvrtke
06:31
for all to see.
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svim zaposlenicima.
06:33
Now, pay transparency takes a lot of forms.
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Transparentnost plaća može poprimiti puno oblika.
06:36
It's not one size fits all.
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Jedna veličina ne odgovara svima.
06:38
Some post their salaries for all to see.
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Neki objave plaće kako bi ih svi vidjeli.
06:40
Some only keep it inside the company.
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Neki ih drže u sklopu tvrtke.
06:42
Some post the formula for calculating pay,
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Neki objave formule za izračun plaća,
06:45
and others post the pay levels
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dok drugi objave razrede plaća
06:47
and affix everybody to that level.
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i dodjele te razrede zaposlenicima.
06:49
So you don't have to make signs
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Stoga ne morate napraviti znakove
06:51
for all of your employees to wear around the office.
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za sve zaposlenike da ih nose po uredu.
06:53
And you don't have to be the only one wearing a sign
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I ne morate biti jedini koji nosi znak
06:56
that you made at home.
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koji ste izradili kod kuće.
06:58
But we can all take greater steps towards pay transparency.
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Ali, svi mi možemo doprinijeti transparentnosti plaća.
07:02
For those of you that have the authority
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Za sve vas koji imate autoritet
07:04
to move forward towards transparency:
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da krenete prema transparentnosti:
07:06
it's time to move forward.
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vrijeme je da se krene naprijed.
07:07
And for those of you that don't have that authority:
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I za sve vas koji nemate taj autoritet:
07:10
it's time to stand up for your right to.
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vrijeme je da se založite za pravo da ga imate.
07:13
So how much do you get paid?
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Koliko ste plaćeni?
07:16
And how does that compare to the people you work with?
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I koliko je to u usporedbi sa ljudima s kojima radite?
07:19
You should know.
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Trebali biste to znati.
07:21
And so should they.
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Jednako kao i oni.
07:23
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
07:25
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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