iO Tillett Wright: Fifty shades of gay

641,700 views ・ 2013-01-30

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
0
0
7000
譯者: Yi Fei 審譯者: Candice Wang
00:15
Human beings start putting each other into boxes
1
15997
2429
我們在看到別人的第一刻起
00:18
the second that they see each other --
2
18426
1817
就把對方裝進了不同的箱子 -
00:20
Is that person dangerous? Are they attractive?
3
20243
3070
他(她)有危險麼?有吸引力麼?
00:23
Are they a potential mate? Are they a potential networking opportunity?
4
23313
3266
有可能成為交往對象麼?是擴充人脈的機會麼?
00:26
We do this little interrogation when we meet people
5
26579
2534
我們在遇見他人的時候都會這樣
00:29
to make a mental resume for them.
6
29113
2167
在腦海中為他(她)建立一個履歷。
00:31
What's your name? Where are you from?
7
31280
1517
你叫什麼名字?來自哪裡?
00:32
How old are you? What do you do?
8
32797
3361
幾歲了?做什麼工作?
00:36
Then we get more personal with it.
9
36158
2801
然後是更私人的問題 --
00:38
Have you ever had any diseases?
10
38959
3148
有沒有得過什麼病?
00:42
Have you ever been divorced?
11
42107
1987
離過婚嗎?
00:44
Does your breath smell bad while you're answering my interrogation right now?
12
44094
3446
在回答我的問題時有口臭嗎?
00:47
What are you into? Who are you into?
13
47540
1717
你喜歡什麼?你喜歡什麼樣的人?
00:49
What gender do you like to sleep with?
14
49257
1866
喜歡同性還是異性?
00:51
I get it.
15
51123
2430
我早明白了:
00:53
We are neurologically hardwired
16
53553
1752
我們的大腦早就已經設定好了,
00:55
to seek out people like ourselves.
17
55305
2384
去尋找和我們相似的人。
00:57
We start forming cliques as soon as we're old enough
18
57689
2185
當我們感覺到被人認可的那一刻,
00:59
to know what acceptance feels like.
19
59874
1933
我們就開始建立自己的小集團。
01:01
We bond together based on anything that we can --
20
61807
2350
任何特徵都可以把我們聯繫起來—
01:04
music preference, race, gender, the block that we grew up on.
21
64157
5452
音樂喜好,種族,性別,一起成長的小區...
01:09
We seek out environments that reinforce our personal choices.
22
69609
6888
我們都在尋找能夠強化我們個人選擇的環境。
01:16
Sometimes, though, just the question "what do you do?"
23
76497
2461
有時候,僅僅是“你是做什麼的”這個問題
01:18
can feel like somebody's opening a tiny little box
24
78958
1960
就足夠讓你覺得有人打開了一個小盒子,
01:20
and asking you to squeeze yourself inside of it.
25
80918
1529
試圖把你塞進去。
01:22
Because the categories, I've found, are too limiting.
26
82447
3567
我認為,這種盒子中的分類太有局限性了,
01:26
The boxes are too narrow.
27
86014
1884
盒子的空間太狹小了。
01:27
And this can get really dangerous.
28
87898
2117
而且這可能會變得很危險。
01:30
So here's a disclaimer about me, though,
29
90015
1781
在我們更深入地討論之前,
01:31
before we get too deep into this.
30
91796
1602
我要先坦白地聲明:
01:33
I grew up in a very sheltered environment.
31
93398
2985
我在一個受庇護的環境中長大。
01:36
I was raised in downtown Manhattan in the early 1980s,
32
96383
3946
一九八零年代初期,我生長在曼哈頓市區,
01:40
two blocks from the epicenter of punk music.
33
100329
3895
離朋克音樂中心只有兩個街區的距離。
01:44
I was shielded from the pains of bigotry
34
104224
2090
我沒有歷經社會偏見
01:46
and the social restrictions of a religiously-based upbringing.
35
106314
4100
以及在強烈宗教環境的社會約束所帶來的痛苦。
01:50
Where I come from, if you weren't a drag queen or a radical thinker
36
110414
3421
我長大的地方,如果你不是偽娘,激進分子,
01:53
or a performance artist of some kind,
37
113835
2128
或某種行為藝術家,
01:55
you were the weirdo.
38
115963
1984
你才是個怪胎。
01:57
(Laughter)
39
117947
1283
(觀眾笑)
01:59
It was an unorthodox upbringing,
40
119230
2085
我的成長過程是有點叛逆,非傳統的
02:01
but as a kid on the streets of New York,
41
121315
2511
但是作為一個紐約街頭的小孩,
02:03
you learn how to trust your own instincts,
42
123826
1971
你會學會要相信自己的直覺,
02:05
you learn how to go with your own ideas.
43
125797
2933
跟著自己的想法走。
02:08
So when I was six, I decided that I wanted to be a boy.
44
128730
3239
在我六歲的時候,我決定要做一個小伙子。
02:11
I went to school one day and the kids wouldn't let me play basketball with them.
45
131969
3467
有一天我在學校想打籃球但是別的孩子不跟我玩,
02:15
They said they wouldn't let girls play.
46
135436
1433
他們說不跟女孩子玩。
02:16
So I went home, and I shaved my head,
47
136869
1410
於是我回到家,剃掉了頭髮,
02:18
and I came back the next day and I said, "I'm a boy."
48
138279
2622
第二天我回到那裡對他們說,“我是男孩”。
02:20
I mean, who knows, right?
49
140901
1014
我是說,誰看得出來呢,對吧?
02:21
When you're six, maybe you can do that.
50
141915
3813
當你六歲的時候你也能這麼做。
02:25
I didn't want anyone to know that I was a girl, and they didn't.
51
145728
3633
我不希望任何人知道我是女孩,我做到了,
02:29
I kept up the charade for eight years.
52
149361
2642
我這麼偽裝了8年。
02:32
So this is me when I was 11.
53
152003
4167
這張照片是我11歲時候照的。
02:36
I was playing a kid named Walter
54
156170
1511
我在電影“相約在來生”中
02:37
in a movie called "Julian Po."
55
157681
2189
扮演一個叫沃特的小孩。
02:39
I was a little street tough that followed Christian Slater around and badgered him.
56
159870
3434
我是個街頭小混混,成天跟在 克里斯琴·斯內特左右,纏著他。
02:43
See, I was also a child actor,
57
163304
2050
我是一個童星,
02:45
which doubled up the layers of the performance of my identity,
58
165354
2682
這在兩個層面上掩飾了我的身份,
02:48
because no one knew that I was actually a girl really playing a boy.
59
168036
6088
因為沒有人知道我在女扮男裝。
02:54
In fact, no one in my life knew that I was a girl --
60
174124
3116
事實上沒有任何和我接觸的人知道我是女孩 --
02:57
not my teachers at school, not my friends,
61
177240
2316
學校的老師、我朋友和
02:59
not the directors that I worked with.
62
179556
1852
跟我一起拍戲的導演都不知道。
03:01
Kids would often come up to me in class
63
181408
2265
在教室裡小伙伴們時常會
03:03
and grab me by the throat to check for an Adam's apple
64
183673
2234
掐著我的脖子看有沒有喉結,
03:05
or grab my crotch to check what I was working with.
65
185907
3349
或抓我的檔部看看我是男是女。
03:09
When I would go to the bathroom, I would turn my shoes around in the stalls
66
189256
2361
當我上廁所的時候我把鞋子反過來穿著
03:11
so that it looked like I was peeing standing up.
67
191617
2555
這樣看起來像是在站著小便。
03:14
At sleepovers I would have panic attacks
68
194172
2068
在外過夜的時候,我時常會恐慌:
03:16
trying to break it to girls that they didn't want to kiss me
69
196240
2384
如何在不暴露自己的前提下把這個事件
03:18
without outing myself.
70
198624
1732
告訴那些不想親吻我的女孩。
03:20
It's worth mentioning though
71
200356
2052
我需要澄清一下,
03:22
that I didn't hate my body or my genitalia.
72
202408
3849
我不討厭我的身體或性別,
03:26
I didn't feel like I was in the wrong body.
73
206257
1767
我沒覺得我投錯了胎--
03:28
I felt like I was performing this elaborate act.
74
208024
2032
我只是覺得這是一場精心籌備的演出。
03:30
I wouldn't have qualified as transgender.
75
210056
3827
我沒有資格被成為變性人。
03:33
If my family, though, had been the kind of people to believe in therapy,
76
213883
2246
假如我的家人是相信心理治療的話,
03:36
they probably would have diagnosed me
77
216129
1723
他們或許會認為我是性別畸形,
03:37
as something like gender dysmorphic
78
217852
1786
或許給我注射激素
03:39
and put me on hormones to stave off puberty.
79
219638
2403
,以推遲青春期。
03:42
But in my particular case,
80
222041
884
03:42
I just woke up one day when I was 14,
81
222925
1715
但在我這個案例中,
我在14歲的時候突然的覺醒了,
03:44
and I decided that I wanted to be a girl again.
82
224640
2583
決定重新做回女生。
03:47
Puberty had hit, and I had no idea what being a girl meant,
83
227223
3000
青春期來了,我不知道這個決定意味著什麼,
03:50
and I was ready to figure out who I actually was.
84
230223
3625
但是我想找到真正的自我。
03:53
When a kid behaves like I did,
85
233848
2405
像我這樣(女扮男裝)的孩子,
03:56
they don't exactly have to come out, right?
86
236253
1836
其實用不著宣佈出櫃的,對吧
03:58
No one is exactly shocked.
87
238089
2261
沒有人覺得意外。
04:00
(Laughter)
88
240350
3744
(觀眾笑)
04:04
But I wasn't asked to define myself by my parents.
89
244094
4463
但是我的父母並沒有要求我給自己歸類。
04:08
When I was 15, and I called my father
90
248557
1866
在我15歲的時候,我給爸爸打電話
04:10
to tell him that I had fallen in love,
91
250423
1700
告訴他我戀愛了
04:12
it was the last thing on either of our minds
92
252123
2300
我們誰都沒有想過
04:14
to discuss what the consequences were
93
254423
1616
去討論喜歡上一個女孩子
04:16
of the fact that my first love was a girl.
94
256039
2418
可能帶來的後果。
04:18
Three years later, when I fell in love with a man,
95
258457
2282
三年後當我愛上一個男人時,
04:20
neither of my parents batted an eyelash either.
96
260739
2584
我的父母眼皮都沒眨一下。
04:23
See, it's one of the great blessings of my very unorthodox childhood
97
263323
3383
瞧,在我離經叛道的童年經歷中最大的幸運,
04:26
that I wasn't ever asked to define myself
98
266706
2034
就是我從來沒有被要求把自己
04:28
as any one thing at any point.
99
268740
2347
歸為某個確定的類別。
04:31
I was just allowed to be me, growing and changing in every moment.
100
271087
3819
我能夠自由地做自己,成長,並隨時改變自己。
04:34
So four, almost five years ago,
101
274906
3045
所以大概四、五年前,
04:37
Proposition 8, the great marriage equality debate,
102
277951
3315
關於同性戀婚姻合法化第八號提案
04:41
was raising a lot of dust around this country.
103
281266
1975
在美國引起了巨大的關注。
04:43
And at the time, getting married wasn't really something
104
283241
2611
那個時候我還沒有花太多時間
04:45
I spent a lot of time thinking about.
105
285852
1133
考慮結婚的問題。
04:46
But I was struck by the fact that America,
106
286985
2806
但是讓我震驚的是,
04:49
a country with such a tarnished civil rights record,
107
289791
2065
有著那樣不堪的人權歷史的美國,
04:51
could be repeating its mistakes so blatantly.
108
291856
2616
竟然又一次公然地重複自己的錯誤。
04:54
And I remember watching the discussion on television
109
294472
1968
我還記得在電視上看到人們的辯論時,
04:56
and thinking how interesting it was
110
296440
1801
覺得多麼的好玩:
04:58
that the separation of church and state
111
298241
3031
宗教之間和州之間的差異
05:01
was essentially drawing geographical boundaries throughout this country,
112
301272
3619
使得國家被劃出一條地理上的界限,
05:04
between places where people believed in it
113
304891
1582
這邊的人們持贊成觀點,
05:06
and places where people didn't.
114
306473
1785
那邊的人持反對態度。
05:08
And then, that this discussion was drawing geographical boundaries around me.
115
308258
6248
然後我發現這些討論 也在我的身上畫下了界限。
05:14
If this was a war with two disparate sides,
116
314506
3118
如果這是兩方相互對立的戰爭,
05:17
I, by default, fell on team gay,
117
317624
2781
我應該歸為同性戀這一邊,
05:20
because I certainly wasn't 100 percent straight.
118
320405
3186
因為我顯然不是百分之百“直”的(異性戀)。
05:23
At the time I was just beginning to emerge
119
323591
3249
那個時候我剛剛跌跌撞撞的
05:26
from this eight-year personal identity crisis zigzag
120
326840
3917
從八年的自我認同危機中走出來,
05:30
that saw me go from being a boy
121
330757
1833
從一個男孩變成
05:32
to being this awkward girl that looked like a boy in girl's clothes
122
332590
3222
一個看起來像穿著女孩子衣服的男孩子的女孩子,
05:35
to the opposite extreme of this super skimpy,
123
335812
2790
到一個超級性感,過度補償的,超有女人味的
05:38
over-compensating, boy-chasing girly-girl
124
338602
2666
男孩子夢寐以求的女孩子,
05:41
to finally just a hesitant exploration of what I actually was,
125
341268
3968
到現在最終發現了真實的自己,一個
05:45
a tomboyish girl
126
345236
2407
男孩子氣的女孩,
05:47
who liked both boys and girls depending on the person.
127
347643
3209
取決於對象,會喜歡男孩也會喜歡女孩。
05:50
I had spent a year photographing this new generation of girls, much like myself,
128
350852
5151
我曾花了一年的時間拍攝像我一樣的,
05:56
who fell kind of between-the-lines --
129
356003
1666
覺得自己處在兩個極端之間的女孩子 -
05:57
girls who skateboarded but did it in lacy underwear,
130
357669
3537
穿著蕾絲內衣玩滑板的女孩
06:01
girls who had boys' haircuts but wore girly nail polish,
131
361206
3958
剪男士短發但是塗指甲的女孩,
06:05
girls who had eyeshadow to match their scraped knees,
132
365164
2995
塗跟膝蓋瘀傷顏色一致的眼影的女孩,
06:08
girls who liked girls and boys who all liked boys and girls
133
368159
3098
喜歡女孩也喜歡男孩的女孩,
06:11
who all hated being boxed in to anything.
134
371257
1849
討厭被放進任何盒子裡的女孩。
06:13
I loved these people, and I admired their freedom,
135
373106
3751
我愛她們,我讚賞她們的自由,
06:16
but I watched as the world outside of our utopian bubble
136
376857
2933
但是我看到在我們的小小烏托邦之​​外的世界,
06:19
exploded into these raging debates
137
379790
1850
憤怒的辯論在這個國家的公共電視台上演:
06:21
where pundits started likening our love to bestiality on national television.
138
381640
5566
專家們把我們的愛比喻成禽獸不如的行徑。
06:27
And this powerful awareness rolled in over me
139
387206
2333
這讓我強烈地感覺到,我屬於少數,
06:29
that I was a minority, and in my own home country,
140
389539
5367
在我自己的國家,我被視作一個異類了,
06:34
based on one facet of my character.
141
394906
2651
僅僅因為我性格中某一方面的特點。
06:37
I was legally and indisputably a second-class citizen.
142
397557
5615
我是毫無疑問地被法律規定為二等公民。
06:43
I was not an activist.
143
403172
1534
我不是激進份子。
06:44
I wave no flags in my own life.
144
404706
2500
我從來沒有參加過遊行示威。
06:47
But I was plagued by this question:
145
407206
2139
但是卻被這個​​問題困擾:
06:49
How could anyone vote to strip the rights
146
409345
2946
為什麼人可以僅僅根據
06:52
of the vast variety of people that I knew
147
412291
2165
別人性格中某一個特徵
06:54
based on one element of their character?
148
414456
3434
就將那麼多行色各異的人的權利剝奪?
06:57
How could they say that we as a group
149
417890
1516
他們怎麼能說我們都是不配享受
06:59
were not deserving of equal rights as somebody else?
150
419406
2933
與他們同動公民權利的另一類人?
07:02
Were we even a group? What group?
151
422339
2367
我們打頭來是一類人麼?哪一類?
07:04
And had these people ever even consciously met a victim of their discrimination?
152
424706
3867
這些(投贊成票的)人有試圖 了解過被他們歧視的受害者麼?
07:08
Did they know who they were voting against and what the impact was?
153
428573
4043
他們知道他們在投票支持什麼,會帶來什麼影響麼?
07:12
And then it occurred to me,
154
432616
1891
然後我想到了,
07:14
perhaps if they could look into the eyes
155
434507
2283
如果他們能夠有機會
07:16
of the people that they were casting into second-class citizenship
156
436790
3781
凝視一次他們認為是二等公民的人的眼睛,
07:20
it might make it harder for them to do.
157
440571
1902
他們或許會更難投出這一票...
07:22
It might give them pause.
158
442473
1984
或許會讓他們想一下。
07:24
Obviously I couldn't get 20 million people to the same dinner party,
159
444457
5840
很顯然我不能開一個兩千萬人的派對,
07:30
so I figured out a way where I could introduce them to each other photographically
160
450297
4331
而我能想到的方法是 通過照片讓他們相互認識
07:34
without any artifice, without any lighting,
161
454628
2966
我不會對照片做任何處理,
07:37
or without any manipulation of any kind on my part.
162
457594
3234
不做燈光特效,不做改動,什麼都不做。
07:40
Because in a photograph you can examine a lion's whiskers
163
460828
2750
因為照片的好處在於 你可以在審視獅子的鬍鬚的同時,
07:43
without the fear of him ripping your face off.
164
463578
2716
不用擔心牠會撲過來撕破你的臉。
07:46
For me, photography is not just about exposing film,
165
466294
3397
對我而言,攝影不僅僅是曝光膠卷那麼簡單,
07:49
it's about exposing the viewer
166
469691
1953
它讓觀看者看到新的東西,
07:51
to something new, a place they haven't gone before,
167
471644
2101
體驗從未有過的感覺,
07:53
but most importantly, to people that they might be afraid of.
168
473745
3315
最重要的,讓人們審視他們可能畏懼的人。
07:57
Life magazine introduced generations of people
169
477060
1844
《生活》雜誌上載者通過圖片向一代人介紹了
07:58
to distant, far-off cultures they never knew existed through pictures.
170
478904
4074
他們從未接觸的遙遠的、與眾不同的文化。
08:02
So I decided to make a series of very simple portraits,
171
482978
6233
所以我決定製作一系列簡單的肖像照,
08:09
mugshots if you will.
172
489211
1750
或者叫大頭照。
08:10
And I basically decided to photograph anyone in this country
173
490961
3768
簡單來說我拍攝這個國家 任何不是百分之百“直”的人,
08:14
that was not 100 percent straight,
174
494729
2401
如果你沒有意識到
08:17
which, if you don't know, is a limitless number of people.
175
497130
3183
這樣的人多得數不清。
08:20
(Laughter)
176
500313
2050
(笑)
08:22
So this was a very large undertaking,
177
502363
2666
所以這是一個非常大的工作量,
08:25
and to do it we needed some help.
178
505029
1884
我需要一些幫助來做這個。
08:26
So I ran out in the freezing cold,
179
506913
2533
所以在兩年前的二月,
08:29
and I photographed every single person that I knew that I could get to
180
509446
3408
我在刺骨的寒冷中,拍攝了我能找到的
08:32
in February of about two years ago.
181
512854
3970
每一個這樣的人。
08:36
And I took those photographs, and I went to the HRC and I asked them for some help.
182
516824
4123
我拍了這些照片,我去找 HRC(人權組織),希望能得到幫助。
08:40
And they funded two weeks of shooting in New York.
183
520947
2366
他們提供了贊助,(我們)在紐約進行了兩週的攝影。
08:43
And then we made this.
184
523313
3011
這是我們的成果。
08:46
(Music)
185
526324
12277
(音樂)
08:58
Video: I'm iO Tillett Wright, and I'm an artist born and raised in New York City.
186
538601
4183
我是歐伊·蒂利特·萊特,紐約土生土長的藝術家。
09:02
(Music)
187
542784
13308
(音樂)
09:16
Self Evident Truths is a photographic record of LGBTQ America today.
188
556092
4662
“不證自明的真理”(Self Evident Truths) 是今天美國非異性戀群體的攝影記錄。
09:20
My aim is to take a simple portrait
189
560754
1623
我的目標是為在任何方面
09:22
of anyone who's anything other than 100 percent straight
190
562377
2650
覺得自己不是百分之百“直”的人
09:25
or feels like they fall in the LGBTQ spectrum in any way.
191
565027
5220
拍攝一幅簡單的肖像。
09:30
My goal is to show the humanity that exists in every one of us
192
570247
2998
我的目標是通過一張質樸的臉向大家闡釋
09:33
through the simplicity of a face.
193
573245
2118
人性存在於每個人身上。
09:35
(Music)
194
575363
2688
(音樂)
09:38
"We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal."
195
578051
3090
...我們認為人人生而平等這樣的真理是不證自明的。
09:41
It's written in the Declaration of Independence.
196
581141
2417
它被寫在獨立宣言中。
09:43
We are failing as a nation
197
583558
1267
我們,作為一個國家,
09:44
to uphold the morals upon which we were founded.
198
584825
2109
正在喪失建國時候所堅持的信念。
09:46
There is no equality in the United States.
199
586934
2207
這樣的美國沒有平等可言。
09:49
["What does equality mean to you?"]
200
589156
2383
“平等對你意味著什麼?”
09:51
["Marriage"] ["Freedom"] ["Civil rights"]
201
591539
1638
“婚姻”,“自由”,
09:53
["Treat every person as you'd treat yourself"]
202
593177
2126
“公民權利”,“待人如己”
09:55
It's when you don't have to think about it, simple as that.
203
595303
3620
平等本不需要深思熟慮,它本該如此。
09:58
The fight for equal rights is not just about gay marriage.
204
598923
2790
爭取平等的鬥爭不僅僅是為了同性婚姻。
10:01
Today in 29 states, more than half of this country,
205
601713
4096
今天,美國的29個州,超過美國州總數一半,
10:05
you can legally be fired just for your sexuality.
206
605809
4371
你可能因為性取向而被合法的炒掉。
10:10
["Who is responsible for equality?"]
207
610180
3151
“誰有義務捍衛平等嗎?”
10:13
I've heard hundreds of people give the same answer:
208
613331
3011
我聽到很多人給出了同樣的答案:
10:16
"We are all responsible for equality."
209
616342
3476
“我們都有義務保證平等”
10:19
So far we've shot 300 faces in New York City.
210
619818
2853
目前我們在紐約拍攝了三百張人像。
10:22
And we wouldn't have been able to do any of it
211
622671
1416
沒有人權組織陣營的大力支持
10:24
without the generous support of the Human Rights Campaign.
212
624087
2885
我們無法做到這一點。
10:26
I want to take the project across the country.
213
626972
1949
我希望在整個國家開展該項活動。
10:28
I want to visit 25 American cities, and I want to shoot 4,000 or 5,000 people.
214
628921
4083
我希望遊歷25個美國城市,拍攝4000到5000個人。
10:33
This is my contribution to the civil rights fight of my generation.
215
633004
3983
這是我為我這一代人的 公民權利鬥爭做出的努力。
10:36
I challenge you to look into the faces of these people
216
636987
2177
我要求你看著這些肖像的眼睛
10:39
and tell them that they deserve less than any other human being.
217
639164
2862
對他們說他們不配享有跟你一樣的權利。
10:42
(Music)
218
642026
2040
(音樂)
10:44
["Self evident truths"]
219
644066
2267
“不證自明的真理”
10:46
["4,000 faces across America"]
220
646348
1664
“全美國四千張肖像”
10:48
(Music)
221
648013
4556
(音樂)
10:52
(Applause)
222
652569
8248
(鼓掌)
11:00
iO Tillett Wright: Absolutely nothing could have prepared us for what happened after that.
223
660817
4283
我們當時絕對想不到這之後發生的事情。
11:05
Almost 85,000 people watched that video,
224
665100
3250
大概八萬五千人觀看了視頻後
11:08
and then they started emailing us from all over the country,
225
668350
2500
給我們發電子郵件,要我們去他們的小鎮拍攝,
11:10
asking us to come to their towns and help them to show their faces.
226
670850
4667
展示他們的肖像。
11:15
And a lot more people wanted to show their faces than I had anticipated.
227
675517
4350
想要參與的人數遠遠超過的了預計。
11:19
So I changed my immediate goal to 10,000 faces.
228
679867
3501
所以我把我的目標提高到了一萬張肖像。
11:23
That video was made in the spring of 2011,
229
683368
4065
視頻製作自2011年的春天,
11:27
and as of today I have traveled to almost 20 cities
230
687433
3457
而今年我已經在將近20個城市
11:30
and photographed almost 2,000 people.
231
690890
2906
拍攝了將近2000個人的大頭照。
11:33
I know that this is a talk,
232
693796
3010
我知道現在是演講,
11:36
but I'd like to have a minute of just quiet
233
696806
3266
但是我希望能留出一分鐘時間什麼都不說,
11:40
and have you just look at these faces
234
700072
1249
只是看著他們的臉,
11:41
because there is nothing that I can say that will add to them.
235
701321
3870
因為我想不出需要補充什麼。
11:45
Because if a picture is worth a thousand words,
236
705191
2533
因為一張圖片勝過千言萬語,
11:47
then a picture of a face needs a whole new vocabulary.
237
707724
3339
沒有一個詞彙可以詮釋一副面孔。
12:12
So after traveling and talking to people
238
732329
3679
在我遊歷許多地方,比如奧克拉荷馬州 和德克薩斯州(譯者注:都是保守州)
12:16
in places like Oklahoma or small-town Texas,
239
736008
3848
並與那裡小鎮上的人交談之後,
12:19
we found evidence that the initial premise was dead on.
240
739856
3535
我們發現... 有跡象顯示之前的提案已經漸漸消失了。
12:23
Visibility really is key.
241
743391
1886
相互了解是關鍵。
12:25
Familiarity really is the gateway drug to empathy.
242
745277
3263
熟悉程度是引發同情的重要因素。
12:28
Once an issue pops up in your own backyard or amongst your own family,
243
748540
3450
當一個問題出現在你家後院或你自己的家庭中,
12:31
you're far more likely to explore sympathy for it
244
751990
2917
你去同情的可能性會倍增,
12:34
or explore a new perspective on it.
245
754907
1566
或變得願意接受一個新的觀點。
12:36
Of course, in my travels I met people
246
756473
2651
當然,在我的旅行中我遇見了
12:39
who legally divorced their children for being other than straight,
247
759124
4199
跟同性戀子女斷絕法律關係的父母,
12:43
but I also met people who were Southern Baptists
248
763323
2368
但是我也看到了有些父母, 當他們知道他們的孩子是同性戀時,
12:45
who switched churches because their child was a lesbian.
249
765691
3016
他們從美南浸信會(譯者注:立場保守) 改信了其他基督派別。
12:48
Sparking empathy had become the backbone of Self Evident Truths.
250
768707
4150
同理心的觸動是“不證自明的真理”的基石。
12:52
But here's what I was starting to learn that was really interesting:
251
772857
3416
但是接下來我發現了真正有趣的事情:
12:56
Self Evident Truths doesn't erase the differences between us.
252
776273
4350
“不證自明的真理”並沒有消除我們之間的差異。
13:00
In fact, on the contrary, it highlights them.
253
780623
3384
相反地,差異被突出了。
13:04
It presents, not just the complexities
254
784007
2099
這體現出這件事情的複雜性,
13:06
found in a procession of different human beings,
255
786106
2167
不僅體現在不同的人群之間,
13:08
but the complexities found within each individual person.
256
788273
3600
也體現在每個獨立的個人之間。
13:11
It wasn't that we had too many boxes, it was that we had too few.
257
791873
4885
我們的盒子不是太多,而是太少。
13:22
At some point I realized that my mission to photograph "gays" was inherently flawed,
258
802778
6785
在某刻我意識到我拍攝 “同性戀者”的計劃一開始就有瑕疵,
13:29
because there were a million different shades of gay.
259
809563
3188
“同性戀者”這個英英解釋 可以分成上百萬種不同的分類。
13:32
Here I was trying to help,
260
812751
2746
我希望能夠做點什麼,
13:35
and I had perpetuated the very thing I had spent my life trying to avoid --
261
815497
3193
而我接下來做的事情是我畢生想要去避免的 -
13:38
yet another box.
262
818690
2506
創造新的盒子。
13:41
At some point I added a question to the release form
263
821196
3220
從某刻開始我在自己的問卷中添加了一個問題,
13:44
that asked people to quantify themselves
264
824416
1929
要求填寫者評估自己“同性戀”的程度,
13:46
on a scale of one to 100 percent gay.
265
826345
2800
從零分到一百分給自己打分。
13:49
And I watched so many existential crises unfold in front of me.
266
829145
3916
然後我就目睹了無數的 自我存在危機在我面前上演。
13:53
(Laughter)
267
833061
2801
(觀眾笑)
13:55
People didn't know what to do
268
835862
1200
人們從來沒有
13:57
because they had never been presented with the option before.
269
837062
2403
被問過這個問題,也不知道怎麼回答。
13:59
Can you quantify your openness?
270
839465
2187
你能量化自己有多開放麼?
14:01
Once they got over the shock, though,
271
841652
1910
當他們緩過神來之後,
14:03
by and large people opted for somewhere between 70 to 95 percent
272
843562
4083
多數人給自己的分數在70到95分
14:07
or the 3 to 20 percent marks.
273
847645
2517
或者3到20分之間。
14:10
Of course, there were lots of people who opted for a 100 percent one or the other,
274
850162
2701
當然也有人認為自己是 百分百的異性戀或同性戀,
14:12
but I found that a much larger proportion of people
275
852863
2468
但是我發現非常大比例的人
14:15
identified as something that was much more nuanced.
276
855331
2849
自我定位都是比較微妙的。
14:18
I found that most people fall on a spectrum of what I have come to refer to as "Grey."
277
858180
6209
我發現大多數人在這個色譜上 都落在“灰色”的位置。
14:24
Let me be clear though -- and this is very important --
278
864389
3984
我要明確一點 - 非常明確的一點 -
14:28
in no way am I saying that preference doesn't exist.
279
868373
4716
我從未否認過偏好的存在。
14:33
And I am not even going to address the issue of choice versus biological imperative,
280
873089
4800
我也沒有打算去討論這個問題是 先天基因還是後天選擇決定的,
14:37
because if any of you happen to be of the belief
281
877889
2867
但是如果你們當中有人相信
14:40
that sexual orientation is a choice,
282
880756
1867
性取向是後天選擇的,
14:42
I invite you to go out and try to be grey.
283
882623
1533
我邀請你站出來承認自己是“灰”的。
14:44
I'll take your picture just for trying.
284
884156
2266
我想給你拍張大頭照,以鼓勵你嘗試的勇氣。
14:46
(Laughter)
285
886422
1383
(觀眾笑)
14:47
What I am saying though is that human beings are not one-dimensional.
286
887805
4417
我想說,人類不是單一維度就可以區分的。
14:52
The most important thing to take from the percentage system is this:
287
892222
5768
百分制評價標準最重要的一點是:
14:57
If you have gay people over here
288
897990
2217
如果這邊是完全的同性戀,
15:00
and you have straight people over here,
289
900207
3648
另一邊是完全的異性戀,
15:03
and while we recognize that most people identify
290
903855
2968
當大多數人將自己定位成靠近異性戀
15:06
as somewhere closer to one binary or another,
291
906823
2703
或靠近同性戀這一極端的位置時,
15:09
there is this vast spectrum of people that exist in between.
292
909526
4946
有相當多的人落在了這個色譜的中間位置。
15:14
And the reality that this presents is a complicated one.
293
914472
3034
而事實上,這展示的是一個很複雜​​的問題。
15:17
Because, for example, if you pass a law
294
917506
2284
因為,比如,你們通過一項法律
15:19
that allows a boss to fire an employee for homosexual behavior,
295
919790
3503
允許老闆開除有同性戀行為的員工,
15:23
where exactly do you draw the line?
296
923293
2767
那麼這條線應該畫在(色譜的)哪裡?
15:26
Is it over here, by the people who have had one or two heterosexual experiences so far?
297
926060
5866
是畫在這裡,有過一到兩次異性戀經歷的人這頭嗎?
15:31
Or is it over here
298
931926
1301
還是畫在那裡,
15:33
by the people who have only had one or two homosexual experiences thus far?
299
933227
4099
只有過一到兩次同性戀經歷的人那頭?
15:37
Where exactly does one become a second-class citizen?
300
937326
4650
究竟是什麼原因使得一個人變成了二等公民?
15:41
Another interesting thing that I learned from my project and my travels
301
941976
4816
我的項目和我的遊歷經歷 讓我學到的另一個有趣的事情
15:46
is just what a poor binding agent sexual orientation is.
302
946792
4302
是性取向對於人們的同化作用微乎其微。
15:51
After traveling so much and meeting so many people,
303
951094
2611
在遊歷了這麼多地方,跟那麼多人見面之後,
15:53
let me tell you, there are just as many jerks and sweethearts
304
953705
3505
我告訴你,同性戀團體中也有笨蛋,好人,
15:57
and Democrats and Republicans and jocks and queens
305
957210
2949
民主黨支持者,共和黨支持者,筋肉人,女神,
16:00
and every other polarization you can possibly think of
306
960159
2950
你能在人類群體中發現的
16:03
within the LGBT community
307
963109
2134
所有的觀點差異
16:05
as there are within the human race.
308
965243
3516
在同性戀團體中都存在。
16:08
Aside from the fact that we play with one legal hand tied behind our backs,
309
968759
4618
是的,我們一起反抗意圖束縛我們權利的法律,
16:13
and once you get past the shared narrative of prejudice and struggle,
310
973377
3665
但是當你撇開我們被歧視 和一起抗爭的共同經歷,
16:17
just being other than straight
311
977042
1401
“非異性戀”這個身份,
16:18
doesn't necessarily mean that we have anything in common.
312
978443
5016
並不表示我們之間有什麼共同點。
16:23
So in the endless proliferation of faces that Self Evident Truths is always becoming,
313
983459
8401
所以隨著“不證自明的真理”活動的開展, 無窮無盡的新人臉照片被加進來,
16:31
as it hopefully appears across more and more platforms,
314
991860
3199
它可能出現在更多的平台,
16:35
bus shelters, billboards, Facebook pages, screen savers,
315
995059
5459
公共汽車候車亭,廣告牌, Facebook的頁面,屏幕保護程式中。
16:40
perhaps in watching this procession of humanity,
316
1000518
3075
或許隨著人性的發展,
16:43
something interesting and useful will begin to happen.
317
1003593
2917
一些有趣和有用的事情將會發生。
16:46
Hopefully these categories, these binaries,
318
1006510
3717
這些分類,二分法,
16:50
these over-simplified boxes
319
1010227
1749
過度簡化的盒子,
16:51
will begin to become useless and they'll begin to fall away.
320
1011976
5066
或許有希望變得沒有用處,並開始消失。
16:57
Because really, they describe nothing that we see
321
1017042
3418
因為這些標準無法描述 我們所看到的、所知道的人,
17:00
and no one that we know and nothing that we are.
322
1020460
3349
也無法描繪我們是什麼。
17:03
What we see are human beings in all their multiplicity.
323
1023809
5601
我們看到的是人類的多樣性。
17:09
And seeing them makes it harder to deny their humanity.
324
1029410
3583
而親眼看到他們使得 人們很難否認他們的人性。
17:12
At the very least I hope it makes it harder to deny their human rights.
325
1032993
4341
最低程度我希望這些面孔 讓人更難否定他們的人權。
17:17
So is it me particularly
326
1037334
3559
所以,我是否就是
17:20
that you would choose to deny the right to housing,
327
1040893
3502
你所針對的那種人,
17:24
the right to adopt children, the right to marriage,
328
1044395
2981
拒絕承認我有居住的權利,撫養孩子的權利,
17:27
the freedom to shop here, live here, buy here?
329
1047376
3633
結婚的權利,開店,生活,購物的自由嗎?
17:31
Am I the one that you choose to disown
330
1051009
2079
我是否就是你決定要脫離關係的人
17:33
as your child or your brother or your sister or your mother or your father,
331
1053088
4422
你的子女,你的兄弟姐妹,你的父母,
17:37
your neighbor, your cousin, your uncle, the president,
332
1057510
2348
你的鄰居,你的堂兄,你的舅舅,美國總統,
17:39
your police woman or the fireman?
333
1059858
3450
你(社區中)的女警或消防員?
17:43
It's too late.
334
1063308
3018
太遲了。
17:46
Because I already am all of those things.
335
1066326
3301
因為我已經是你生活的一部分了。
17:49
We already are all of those things, and we always have been.
336
1069627
4365
我們已經是相互生活的一部分,我們也將繼續如此。
17:53
So please don't greet us as strangers,
337
1073992
2806
所以請不要視我們為陌生人,
17:56
greet us as your fellow human beings, period.
338
1076798
3553
視我們為跟你一樣的人。就這樣。
18:00
Thank you.
339
1080351
1316
謝謝。
18:01
(Applause)
340
1081667
10927
(鼓掌)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7