Michael Sandel: Why we shouldn't trust markets with our civic life

587,052 views ・ 2013-10-07

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: William Choi 審譯者: E Fan
00:13
Here's a question we need to rethink together:
0
13459
4227
現在有個問題需要我們一起反思
00:17
What should be the role of money
1
17686
2441
金錢和市場在我們的社會中
00:20
and markets in our societies?
2
20127
3486
該扮演什麼角色?
00:23
Today, there are very few things
3
23613
2494
現今,還有幾樣東西
00:26
that money can't buy.
4
26107
2688
是金錢買不到的
00:28
If you're sentenced to a jail term
5
28795
1657
如果你在加州聖巴巴拉
00:30
in Santa Barbara, California,
6
30452
2451
被判處有期徒刑
00:32
you should know
7
32903
1352
你該知道
00:34
that if you don't like the standard accommodations,
8
34255
2715
如你不喜歡標準規格的住宿設施
00:36
you can buy a prison cell upgrade.
9
36970
4343
可花錢把牢房升級
00:41
It's true. For how much, do you think?
10
41313
2846
這是真的,你們認為需要多少錢?
00:44
What would you guess?
11
44159
1941
你猜猜看?
00:46
Five hundred dollars?
12
46100
1705
500 美元?
00:47
It's not the Ritz-Carlton. It's a jail!
13
47805
3335
這可不是麗思卡爾頓飯店。 這是監獄!
00:51
Eighty-two dollars a night.
14
51140
2024
每晚 82 元
00:53
Eighty-two dollars a night.
15
53164
2372
每晚 82 元
00:55
If you go to an amusement park
16
55536
2200
如果你去遊樂園
00:57
and don't want to stand in the long lines
17
57736
2692
不想為了熱門的遊樂設施
01:00
for the popular rides,
18
60428
1456
排隊等候
01:01
there is now a solution.
19
61884
2887
現在有解決辦法了
01:04
In many theme parks, you can pay extra
20
64771
4264
在許多主題公園,你能花多點錢
01:09
to jump to the head of the line.
21
69035
1614
搶到前頭
01:10
They call them Fast Track or VIP tickets.
22
70649
4515
這叫快速通關走道或 VIP 票
01:15
And this isn't only happening in amusement parks.
23
75164
3589
這不僅發生在遊樂園
01:18
In Washington, D.C., long lines,
24
78753
3216
在華盛頓特區
往往也要大排長龍
01:21
queues sometimes form
25
81969
1940
01:23
for important Congressional hearings.
26
83909
3869
才可出席重要的國會聽證會
01:27
Now some people don't like to wait in long queues,
27
87778
3505
現在部分人不喜歡排長隊
01:31
maybe overnight, even in the rain.
28
91283
2505
也許是通宵的,甚至淋雨
01:33
So now, for lobbyists and others
29
93788
1997
所以現在那些極渴望
01:35
who are very keen to attend these hearings
30
95785
1806
參與聽證會的說客和其他人
01:37
but don't like to wait, there are companies,
31
97591
2719
又不喜歡排隊的,有一些公司
01:40
line-standing companies,
32
100310
2043
排隊公司
01:42
and you can go to them.
33
102353
1863
你可找他們
01:44
You can pay them a certain amount of money,
34
104216
1889
你只須向他們支付若干金額
01:46
they hire homeless people and others who need a job
35
106105
3265
他們就雇用一些無家可歸人士 或需要工作的人
01:49
to stand waiting in the line for as long as it takes,
36
109370
3283
排隊等候,要等多久就多久
01:52
and the lobbyist, just before the hearing begins,
37
112653
2868
說客只須在聽證會開始前
01:55
can take his or her place at the head of the line
38
115521
2879
取代排在前面的人
01:58
and a seat in the front of the room.
39
118400
2745
並坐在會場的前排位置
02:01
Paid line standing.
40
121145
3079
付費排隊
02:04
It's happening, the recourse to market mechanisms
41
124224
3582
在更大的舞臺上,仰賴市場機制
02:07
and market thinking and market solutions,
42
127806
2674
行銷思維和行銷解決方案
02:10
in bigger arenas.
43
130480
2632
這是正在發生的事
02:13
Take the way we fight our wars.
44
133112
2671
看看我們的作戰方式
02:15
Did you know that, in Iraq and Afghanistan,
45
135783
3067
在伊拉克和阿富汗,你知否
02:18
there were more private military contractors on the ground
46
138850
4045
私營軍事承包商的數量
02:22
than there were U.S. military troops?
47
142895
3820
較美國軍隊人數還要多。
02:26
Now this isn't because we had a public debate
48
146715
3119
現在並非因我們曾公開辯論
02:29
about whether we wanted to outsource war
49
149834
2977
是否要將戰爭外包
02:32
to private companies,
50
152811
2171
給私人公司
02:34
but this is what has happened.
51
154982
2707
而是這已是既成事實
02:37
Over the past three decades,
52
157689
2428
過去三十多年來
02:40
we have lived through a quiet revolution.
53
160117
4098
我們度過了一場靜靜的革命
02:44
We've drifted almost without realizing it
54
164215
4967
我們幾乎難以察覺到
02:49
from having a market economy
55
169182
3248
經已由市場經濟漸漸
02:52
to becoming market societies.
56
172430
3967
快要成為市場社會
02:56
The difference is this: A market economy is a tool,
57
176397
3585
二者的分別在於:市場經濟是一種工具
02:59
a valuable and effective tool,
58
179982
1662
一種有價值和有效益的工具
03:01
for organizing productive activity,
59
181644
3058
用以組織生產活動
03:04
but a market society is a place where
60
184702
3058
但是市場社會是一處地方
03:07
almost everything is up for sale.
61
187760
2848
那裏差不多所有物件也可供出售
03:10
It's a way of life, in which market thinking
62
190608
3452
這是一種生活方式
行銷思維和市場價值開始主導
03:14
and market values begin to dominate
63
194060
2721
03:16
every aspect of life:
64
196781
3524
生活各個層面
03:20
personal relations, family life, health, education,
65
200305
4735
個人關係、家庭生活、健康、教育
03:25
politics, law, civic life.
66
205040
3299
政治、法律、公民生活
03:28
Now, why worry? Why worry about our becoming
67
208339
5491
現在為什麼要擔心? 為何要擔心我們的社會
03:33
market societies?
68
213830
2546
變成市場社會呢?
03:36
For two reasons, I think.
69
216376
3104
我認為有兩大原因
03:39
One of them has to do with inequality.
70
219480
4681
其中一個原因是不平等
03:44
The more things money can buy,
71
224161
3333
錢能買到的東西越多
03:47
the more affluence, or the lack of it, matters.
72
227494
4294
富裕程度就變得越重要
03:51
If the only thing that money determined
73
231788
2857
如果錢只能讓人決定是否
03:54
was access to yachts or fancy vacations or BMWs,
74
234645
5689
購買遊艇、豪華假期或寶馬
04:00
then inequality wouldn't matter very much.
75
240334
4352
那麼不平等就沒那麼重要
04:04
But when money comes increasingly to govern
76
244686
3427
但當金錢越來越能夠支配
04:08
access to the essentials of the good life --
77
248113
4837
美好生活的元素--
04:12
decent health care, access to the best education,
78
252950
3926
高品質的醫療保健、最好的教育
04:16
political voice and influence in campaigns --
79
256876
4870
選舉中的政治發言權和影響力--
04:21
when money comes to govern all of those things,
80
261746
3580
當金錢支配了一切
04:25
inequality matters a great deal.
81
265326
2550
不平等就變得非常重要
04:27
And so the marketization of everything
82
267876
2255
因此,所有事物被市場化後
04:30
sharpens the sting of inequality
83
270131
3570
凸顯出不平等的問題
04:33
and its social and civic consequence.
84
273701
2184
及其社會和公民效應
04:35
That's one reason to worry.
85
275885
2986
這只是一個需要擔心的原因
04:38
There's a second reason
86
278871
2237
除了對不平等的擔心
04:41
apart from the worry about inequality,
87
281108
3899
第二個原因
04:45
and it's this:
88
285007
2319
就是
04:47
with some social goods and practices,
89
287326
3924
某些社會商品和常規
04:51
when market thinking and market values enter,
90
291250
5466
當行銷思維和市場價值介入時
04:56
they may change the meaning of those practices
91
296716
2772
或會因此改變那些常規的意義
04:59
and crowd out attitudes and norms
92
299488
3349
擠掉值得我們在意的
05:02
worth caring about.
93
302837
1949
態度和規範
05:04
I'd like to take an example
94
304786
2624
給大家舉個例子
05:07
of a controversial use of a market mechanism,
95
307410
3726
關於市場機制運用的爭議
05:11
a cash incentive, and see what you think about it.
96
311136
4745
金錢獎勵,看看你們怎麼想的
05:15
Many schools struggle with the challenge
97
315881
3165
許多學校面臨怎樣鼓勵孩子的挑戰
05:19
of motivating kids, especially kids
98
319046
2539
尤其是
05:21
from disadvantaged backgrounds, to study hard,
99
321585
3955
來自弱勢背景的孩子,用功讀書
05:25
to do well in school, to apply themselves.
100
325540
3039
表現良好、努力向上
05:28
Some economists have proposed a market solution:
101
328579
3488
有些經濟學家建議出一套市場解決方案
05:32
Offer cash incentives to kids for getting good grades
102
332067
4059
提供金錢獎勵,鼓勵孩子爭取好成績
05:36
or high test scores
103
336126
2374
或高分
05:38
or for reading books.
104
338500
1951
或閱讀書籍
05:40
They've tried this, actually.
105
340451
1782
他們也真的試過這方法
05:42
They've done some experiments
106
342233
1285
他們在美國一些主要城市
05:43
in some major American cities.
107
343518
3431
進行過實驗
05:46
In New York, in Chicago, in Washington, D.C.,
108
346949
3647
紐約、芝加哥、華盛頓特區
05:50
they've tried this, offering 50 dollars for an A,
109
350596
3711
他們的做法是: 成續 A 等給 50 美元
05:54
35 dollars for a B.
110
354307
2192
成續 B 等給 35 美元
05:56
In Dallas, Texas, they have a program that offers
111
356499
3174
德州達拉斯有這樣一個計畫
05:59
eight-year-olds two dollars for each book they read.
112
359673
4420
八歲學童每讀一本書就獎 2 美元
06:04
So let's see what -- Some people are in favor,
113
364093
2919
讓我們來看看 -- 有些人支持
06:07
some people are opposed to this cash incentive
114
367012
3390
有些人則反對使用錢
06:10
to motivate achievement.
115
370402
1698
鼓勵學生取得成就
06:12
Let's see what people here think about it.
116
372100
2637
讓我們來看看這裡的人的看法
06:14
Imagine that you are the head of a major school system,
117
374737
4508
假設你是一個主要學區的主管
06:19
and someone comes to you with this proposal.
118
379245
2985
有人向你提出這建議
06:22
And let's say it's a foundation. They will provide the funds.
119
382230
2637
假設是一個基金會,他們將會出錢
06:24
You don't have to take it out of your budget.
120
384867
1866
學校無須負擔費用
06:26
How many would be in favor
121
386733
1282
有多少人會贊成
06:28
and how many would be opposed to giving it a try?
122
388015
3594
又多少人會反對試一試?
06:31
Let's see by a show of hands.
123
391609
1596
透過以舉手方式表決,讓我們來看看
06:33
First, how many think it might at least be worth a try
124
393205
3594
首先,多少人認為值得一試
06:36
to see if it would work? Raise your hand.
125
396799
3896
看看是否有效?請舉手
06:40
And how many would be opposed? How many would --
126
400695
2731
有多少人反對?多少 --
06:43
So the majority here are opposed,
127
403426
2814
這裡多數人反對
06:46
but a sizable minority are in favor.
128
406240
2982
但相當一部分的少數也贊成
06:49
Let's have a discussion.
129
409222
1569
我們來討論一下
06:50
Let's start with those of you who object,
130
410791
3043
由反對的開始吧
06:53
who would rule it out even before trying.
131
413834
2881
你們甚至在嘗試之前已排除這可能
06:56
What would be your reason?
132
416715
1621
你的理由會是什麼呢?
06:58
Who will get our discussion started? Yes?
133
418336
3872
誰願意帶頭討論?你喔?
07:02
Heike Moses: Hello everyone, I'm Heike,
134
422208
1898
海克摩西:大家好,我是海克
07:04
and I think it just kills the intrinsic motivation,
135
424106
2767
我認為它只會抹殺學習的內在動機
07:06
so in the respect that children, if they would like to read,
136
426873
5148
所以在這方面,如果學童喜歡讀書的話
07:12
you just take this incentive away
137
432021
2117
你只要把奬勵誘因拿走
07:14
in just paying them, so it just changes behavior.
138
434138
3452
只給錢,這樣就會改變行為
07:17
Michael Sandel: Takes the intrinsic incentive away.
139
437590
3418
邁可‧桑德爾:把內在的奬勵誘因拿走
07:21
What is, or should be, the intrinsic motivation?
140
441008
4235
內在動機是什麼,或該是什麼?
07:25
HM: Well, the intrinsic motivation
141
445243
1690
HM:內在動機嘛
07:26
should be to learn.
142
446933
1677
該是學習吧
07:28
MS: To learn. HM: To get to know the world.
143
448610
3143
MS:去學習 HM:為了認識世界
07:31
And then, if you stop paying them, what happens then?
144
451753
2894
然後如果你停止給他們錢, 會發生什麼事?
07:34
Then they stop reading?
145
454647
1747
他們會否停止閱讀?
07:36
MS: Now, let's see if there's someone who favors,
146
456394
3000
MS:現在讓我們看看有沒有人贊成
07:39
who thinks it's worth trying this.
147
459394
2348
誰認為值得試試
07:41
Elizabeth Loftus: I'm Elizabeth Loftus,
148
461742
1972
伊莉莎白‧羅芙特斯:我是 伊莉莎白‧羅芙特斯 (Elizabeth Loftus)
07:43
and you said worth a try, so why not try it
149
463714
4130
你說值得一試,所以為何不試試
07:47
and do the experiment and measure things?
150
467844
4123
來做個小實驗並估量一下?
07:51
MS: And measure. And what would you measure?
151
471967
2173
MS:估量。你會估量些什麼?
07:54
You'd measure how many --
152
474140
1721
你要估量有多少...
07:55
EL: How many books they read
153
475861
1844
EL:他們讀了多少本書
07:57
and how many books they continued to read
154
477705
2690
而當你不給錢後
08:00
after you stopped paying them.
155
480395
1715
又繼續讀了多少本書
08:02
MS: Oh, after you stopped paying.
156
482110
2357
MS:噢,你不再給錢以後
08:04
All right, what about that?
157
484467
1354
好,那又如何?
08:05
HM: To be frank, I just think
158
485821
1977
HM:老實說,我只認為
08:07
this is, not to offend anyone, a very American way.
159
487798
4633
我無意冒犯任何人, 這是非常美式的作風
08:12
(Laughter) (Applause)
160
492431
6472
(笑聲) (掌聲)
08:18
MS: All right. What's emerged from this discussion
161
498903
2203
MS:好,這次討論
08:21
is the following question:
162
501106
2120
出現了以下問題
08:23
Will the cash incentive drive out or corrupt
163
503226
4251
金錢獎勵會否侵蝕或擠掉
08:27
or crowd out the higher motivation,
164
507477
3189
或排擠更較高層面的動機
08:30
the intrinsic lesson that we hope to convey,
165
510666
4794
我們希望表達的心聲
08:35
which is to learn to love to learn and to read
166
515460
4087
即是要培養他們學習和閱讀的興趣
08:39
for their own sakes?
167
519547
2003
是要為他們自己著想?
08:41
And people disagree about what the effect will be,
168
521550
4097
大家對產生什麼樣的效果持不同意見
08:45
but that seems to be the question,
169
525647
2657
但這似乎就是問題所在
08:48
that somehow a market mechanism
170
528304
2036
不知何故市場機制或金錢獎勵
08:50
or a cash incentive teaches the wrong lesson,
171
530340
4861
是錯誤的教導
08:55
and if it does, what will become of these children later?
172
535201
3607
如果真的錯了,學童未來會變成怎樣?
08:58
I should tell you what's happened with these experiments.
173
538808
3373
我該告訴你們這些實驗發生了什麼事情
09:02
The cash for good grades has had very mixed results,
174
542181
4518
用錢鼓勵學生取得好成績, 得出了不同的結果
09:06
for the most part has not resulted in higher grades.
175
546699
3147
大部分學生的成績不會更好
09:09
The two dollars for each book
176
549846
2371
閱讀一本書就給兩美元
09:12
did lead those kids to read more books.
177
552217
3301
確實使那些學童讀更多書
09:15
It also led them to read shorter books.
178
555518
2644
也使他們看頁數較少的書
09:18
(Laughter)
179
558162
4178
(笑聲)
09:22
But the real question is,
180
562340
1650
但真正問題是
09:23
what will become of these kids later?
181
563990
2572
未來這些孩子會變成怎樣?
09:26
Will they have learned that reading is a chore,
182
566562
2114
會否認為閱讀是件苦差事
09:28
a form of piecework to be done for pay, that's the worry,
183
568676
2972
一項按件計酬的工作,那就令人擔心
09:31
or may it lead them to read maybe for the wrong reason initially
184
571648
4617
或許引領他們開始閱讀時動機不正
09:36
but then lead them to fall in love with reading for its own sake?
185
576265
4746
但日後引領他們愛上閱讀, 因興趣而讀?
09:41
Now, what this, even this brief debate, brings out
186
581011
4821
現在這簡短的辯論也指出
09:45
is something that many economists overlook.
187
585832
3818
很多經濟學家忽略的地方
09:49
Economists often assume
188
589650
2096
經濟學家時常假設
09:51
that markets are inert,
189
591746
2624
市場是沒有生命的
09:54
that they do not touch or taint the goods they exchange.
190
594370
4366
不會碰到或沾染進行交易的商品
09:58
Market exchange, they assume,
191
598736
3104
他們假設市場交易
10:01
doesn't change the meaning or value
192
601840
2460
不會改變要進行交易的商品
10:04
of the goods being exchanged.
193
604300
1283
其意義和價值
10:05
This may be true enough
194
605583
1576
這或者是千真萬確的
10:07
if we're talking about material goods.
195
607159
2417
如果我們談的是物質產品
10:09
If you sell me a flat screen television
196
609576
2506
如果你賣給我一部平面電視
10:12
or give me one as a gift,
197
612082
2178
或送一部給我當禮物
10:14
it will be the same good.
198
614260
1360
兩者都是同樣的產品
10:15
It will work the same either way.
199
615620
2486
兩種運作方式也一樣
10:18
But the same may not be true
200
618106
2776
共同處就並不是正確的
10:20
if we're talking about nonmaterial goods
201
620882
2332
如果我們談的是非物質產品
10:23
and social practices such as teaching and learning
202
623214
3950
社會實踐如教學和學習
10:27
or engaging together in civic life.
203
627164
3732
或共同參與公民生活
10:30
In those domains, bringing market mechanisms
204
630896
3421
在那些領域,引進市場機制
10:34
and cash incentives may undermine
205
634317
3918
和金錢獎勵或會削弱
10:38
or crowd out nonmarket values and attitudes
206
638235
4320
或擠掉我們該關心的
10:42
worth caring about.
207
642555
2359
非市場價值和態度
10:44
Once we see
208
644914
2224
一旦我們了解到
10:47
that markets and commerce,
209
647138
3711
當市場和貿易
10:50
when extended beyond the material domain,
210
650849
3661
超越物質領域時
10:54
can change the character of the goods themselves,
211
654510
5450
就可改變商品本身的特性
10:59
can change the meaning of the social practices,
212
659960
2561
就可改變社會實踐的意義
11:02
as in the example of teaching and learning,
213
662521
3464
即如教學和學習的例子
11:05
we have to ask where markets belong
214
665985
4646
我們必須問,哪裡是屬於市場的
11:10
and where they don't,
215
670631
1931
哪裡不屬於市場
11:12
where they may actually undermine
216
672562
2373
哪裡事實上破壞了
11:14
values and attitudes worth caring about.
217
674935
3003
值得我們關心的價值和態度
11:17
But to have this debate,
218
677938
3262
但是透過此辯論
11:21
we have to do something we're not very good at,
219
681200
3498
我們必須去做一些不擅長的事情
11:24
and that is to reason together in public
220
684698
3482
就是一起公開理性的辯論
11:28
about the value and the meaning
221
688180
3240
我們所珍視的社會實踐
11:31
of the social practices we prize,
222
691420
4004
其價值和意義
11:35
from our bodies to family life
223
695424
2505
從我們的身體到家庭生活
11:37
to personal relations to health
224
697929
1953
到私人關係到健康
11:39
to teaching and learning to civic life.
225
699882
3713
到公民生活的學習和教學
11:43
Now these are controversial questions,
226
703595
2984
這些都是具爭議的問題
11:46
and so we tend to shrink from them.
227
706579
2760
所以我們傾向退縮
11:49
In fact, during the past three decades,
228
709339
2920
事實上過去 30 年來
11:52
when market reasoning and market thinking
229
712259
2497
當市場論據和行銷思維
11:54
have gathered force and gained prestige,
230
714756
3488
凝聚起力量且贏得到聲望
11:58
our public discourse during this time
231
718244
3482
這段期間我們的公共討論
12:01
has become hollowed out,
232
721726
2235
變得蕩然無存
12:03
empty of larger moral meaning.
233
723961
3706
缺乏更深遠的道德意義
12:07
For fear of disagreement, we shrink from these questions.
234
727667
3212
因為害怕爭論,我們避而不談
12:10
But once we see that markets
235
730879
3527
不過一旦我們了解到
12:14
change the character of goods,
236
734406
2173
市場會改變商品的特性
12:16
we have to debate among ourselves
237
736579
4567
我們就必須討論
12:21
these bigger questions
238
741146
2337
這些更重要的問題
12:23
about how to value goods.
239
743483
1960
怎樣給予商品評價
12:25
One of the most corrosive effects
240
745443
2995
把每樣東西標價
12:28
of putting a price on everything
241
748438
2787
其中最具腐蝕作用之一
12:31
is on commonality,
242
751225
2369
就是共通性
12:33
the sense that we are all in it together.
243
753594
3178
也就是我們全都混在一起的感覺
12:36
Against the background of rising inequality,
244
756772
4723
在不平等情況與日俱增的背景下
12:41
marketizing every aspect of life
245
761495
3867
把生活各個層面市場化
12:45
leads to a condition where those who are affluent
246
765362
5551
導致一個情況,富裕的人
12:50
and those who are of modest means
247
770913
1850
和過著節制生活的人
12:52
increasingly live separate lives.
248
772763
4382
逐漸地過著不同的生活
12:57
We live and work and shop and play
249
777145
3219
我們生活、工作、購物和娛樂
13:00
in different places.
250
780364
1731
在不同的地方
13:02
Our children go to different schools.
251
782095
3116
我們的子女就讀不同的學校
13:05
This isn't good for democracy,
252
785211
2549
這對民主毫無益處
13:07
nor is it a satisfying way to live,
253
787760
2923
也並不是令人滿意的生活方式
13:10
even for those of us who can afford
254
790683
3280
即使我們能夠花錢
13:13
to buy our way to the head of the line.
255
793963
2755
搶到前頭
13:16
Here's why.
256
796718
1773
原因如下
13:18
Democracy does not require perfect equality,
257
798491
4929
民主不須要完全平等
13:23
but what it does require
258
803420
1763
但必須要的
13:25
is that citizens share in a common life.
259
805183
3628
就是公民可享有共同的生活
13:28
What matters is that people
260
808811
2629
重要的是
13:31
of different social backgrounds
261
811440
1769
不同社會背景的人
13:33
and different walks of life
262
813209
1724
不同身分的人
13:34
encounter one another,
263
814933
2284
互相接觸
13:37
bump up against one another
264
817217
2023
在日常生活中
13:39
in the ordinary course of life,
265
819240
3490
彼此相遇
13:42
because this is what teaches us
266
822730
2724
因為這樣才教我們
13:45
to negotiate and to abide our differences.
267
825454
3672
學習協商及容忍彼此間的差異
13:49
And this is how we come to care for the common good.
268
829126
4214
這樣我們才會關心共同利益
13:53
And so, in the end, the question of markets
269
833340
3350
因此,到最後,市場問題
13:56
is not mainly an economic question.
270
836690
4140
主要並不是一項經濟問題
14:00
It's really a question of how we want to live together.
271
840830
4088
而是我們到底想怎樣一起生活的問題
14:04
Do we want a society where everything is up for sale,
272
844918
4540
我們是否想要一個所有物件 也可出售的社會
14:09
or are there certain moral and civic goods
273
849458
3512
或是否存在某些德行和公民利益
14:12
that markets do not honor
274
852970
1929
市場不重視
14:14
and money cannot buy?
275
854899
2794
而金錢買不到的?
14:17
Thank you very much.
276
857693
1462
非常感謝大家
14:19
(Applause)
277
859155
5185
(掌聲)
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7