Majora Carter: Greening the ghetto | TED

翻译人员: mark diao 校对人员: Zhu Jie

If you're here today --

假若你今天有幸来此--我对你的到来亦是甚喜－－

and I'm very happy that you are --

you've all heard about how sustainable development

你们一定听说过可持续发展可以拯救我们的生活

will save us from ourselves.

然而，我们不在TED的时候

However, when we're not at TED, we are often told

我们一定听说现实中的可持续发展议程并没有可行性

that a real sustainability policy agenda is just not feasible,

especially in large urban areas like New York City.

特别是在大的城市，比如纽约

And that's because most people with decision-making powers,

这是因为大多数的决策者们

in both the public and the private sector,

不管是公共还是私人部门

really don't feel as though they're in danger.

都没有真的意识到他们正处于危险境地

The reason why I'm here today, in part, is because of a dog --

我今天之所以在此，其中一个原因，是因为一只狗

an abandoned puppy I found back in the rain, back in 1998.

是我在1998年在雨中捡到的被遗弃的小狗

She turned out to be a much bigger dog than I'd anticipated.

它已经长成了一只大狗，比我想象的要大

When she came into my life, we were fighting against a huge waste facility

它刚刚来的时候，我们正在抗议计划建于东河海滨的巨型垃圾处理场

planned for the East River waterfront

尽管事实上我们这个区域

despite the fact that our small part of New York City

already handled more than 40 percent of the entire city's commercial waste:

已经处理了整个纽约市超过40%的商业垃圾

a sewage treatment pelletizing plant, a sewage sludge plant, four power plants,

一个废水处理球团矿厂、一个污泥处理厂，四个发电厂，

the world's largest food-distribution center,

世界上最大的食品分销中心

as well as other industries that bring more than 60,000 diesel truck trips

还有其他行业每周有超过6万辆的柴油车开到这里

to the area each week.

这里也是纽约市公园占地率最低的地区

The area also has one of the lowest ratios of parks to people in the city.

So when I was contacted by the Parks Department

所以，当公园管理处联系到我

about a $10,000 seed-grant initiative to help develop waterfront projects,

用1万美元的种子启动资金来开发海滨时

I thought they were really well-meaning, but a bit naive.

我觉得这确实是善举，但是有些天真

I'd lived in this area all my life, and you could not get to the river,

我一生都住在这个地区，但是却不能到河里去

because of all the lovely facilities that I mentioned earlier.

都是因为我先前提到的那些垃圾处理厂

Then, while jogging with my dog one morning,

一天早上，我和我的狗去慢跑

she pulled me into what I thought was just another illegal dump.

她拖着我往河里走，我想这仅仅是又一次非法的倾倒垃圾

到处都是野草和成堆的垃圾以及其他的东西，这里我就不想说了

There were weeds and piles of garbage and other stuff that I won't mention here,

but she kept dragging me,

但是，她一直拖着我——啊，瞧瞧，在垃圾的尽头就是河流啊

and lo and behold, at the end of that lot was the river.

I knew that this forgotten little street-end,

我知道这条被遗忘的死胡同

abandoned like the dog that brought me there, was worth saving.

就像是拽我到这里的这条狗一样，被遗弃了，而且是值得拯救的

And I knew it would grow to become the proud beginnings

而且我也知道这将是令人自豪的开始

有社区发起的使新South Bronx焕发生机

of the community-led revitalization of the new South Bronx.

And just like my new dog, it was an idea that got bigger than I'd imagined.

就像我的狗一样，这个主意比我预想的要博大得多。

We garnered much support along the way,

一路上我们得到了很多的支持

and the Hunts Point Riverside Park became the first waterfront park

而且Hunts Point海滨公园成了South Bronx六十年以来的

that the South Bronx had had in more than 60 years.

第一个海滨公园

我们的一万元的启动资金，增加了超过300倍，变成了一个价值300万的公园

We leveraged that $10,000 seed grant more than 300 times,

into a $3 million park.

And in the fall, I'm going to exchange marriage vows with my beloved.

而且，这个秋天，我实际上打算——

和我心爱的人结婚。谢谢大家

(Audience whistles)

Thank you very much.

(Applause)

That's him pressing my buttons back there, which he does all the time.

是他一直在背后支持着我，他一直这样。

(Laughter)

（笑声）（掌声）

(Applause)

But those of us living in environmental justice communities

但是，我们这些生活在环境正义社区里的人们

are the canary in the coal mine.

就像是煤矿中金丝雀。我们现在发现的这个问题，其实已经存在好久了

We feel the problems right now, and have for some time.

环境正义对于你们而言，可能是并不太熟悉的名词

Environmental justice, for those of you who may not be familiar with the term,

goes something like this:

没有一个社区应该承担过多的环境负担

no community should be saddled with more environmental burdens

and less environmental benefits than any other.

而享受更少的福利

Unfortunately, race and class are extremely reliable indicators

不幸的是，种族和阶级成了最可靠的指示剂

as to where one might find the good stuff, like parks and trees,

就像是哪里能找到好的东西，如公园和树

and where one might find the bad stuff, like power plants and waste facilities.

哪里能找到不好的东西，比如发电厂和垃圾处理厂

As a black person in America, I am twice as likely as a white person

身为美国的一个黑人，我有两倍于白人的可能性

居住在一个空气污染严重威胁我健康的地区

to live in an area where air pollution poses the greatest risk to my health.

I am five times more likely to live within walking distance

我有五倍高于白人的可能性会居住在

of a power plant or chemical facility,

离发电厂和化工厂近在咫尺的地方——而且确实如此

which I do.

这些土地使用决策造成了很恶劣的环境，这导致了很多的问题

These land-use decisions created the hostile conditions

that lead to problems like obesity, diabetes and asthma.

比如肥胖、糖尿病和哮喘

Why would someone leave their home to go for a brisk walk in a toxic neighborhood?

哪里还有人离开家在有毒的社区快速的行走呢？

Our 27 percent obesity rate is high even for this country,

我们27%的肥胖率是相当高的，即使就全国范围而言也是相当高的，糖尿病随之而来

and diabetes comes with it.

One out of four South Bronx children has asthma.

South Bronx的孩子，四个中的一个就有哮喘

Our asthma hospitalization rate

我们的哮喘住院率是全国平均水平的7倍

is seven times higher than the national average.

These impacts are coming everyone's way.

这些影响每个人都会遇到

And we all pay dearly for solid waste costs,

我们为固体废料的花费

health problems associated with pollution and more odiously,

与环境相关的健康问题发出了高昂的代价，

the cost of imprisoning our young black and Latino men,

更可恨的是，为监禁这些年轻的黑人和拉美人说支付的开支

这些人拥有着说不清的未开发的潜能

who possess untold amounts of untapped potential.

Fifty percent of our residents live at or below the poverty line;

我们50%的居民生活在贫困线或贫困线以下

25 percent of us are unemployed.

25%的人没有工作。低收入的市民仅仅把

Low-income citizens often use emergency-room visits as primary care.

急诊室作为他们的基本医疗

This comes at a high cost to taxpayers and produces no proportional benefits.

这就造成纳税人上缴了很多，却没有相应比例的获利

Poor people are not only still poor, they are still unhealthy.

穷人不仅仅是穷，而且也不健康

Fortunately, there are many people like me who are striving for solutions

幸运的是，像我这样的很多人正在努力寻找解决办法

that won't compromise the lives

这在短期内不能危害到有色人种低收入社区的生活

of low-income communities of color in the short term,

and won't destroy us all in the long term.

也不会最终完全毁掉我们

None of us want that, and we all have that in common.

我们没有人想那样，这是我们的共同点。那么我们还有什么共同点呢？

So what else do we have in common?

Well, first of all, we're all incredibly good-looking.

首先，毫无疑问的是，我们都长得惊人地好看

（笑声）——我们都获得了高中、大学和研究生的学位

(Laughter)

Graduated high school, college, post-graduate degrees,

traveled to interesting places, didn't have kids in your early teens,

到有意思的地方去旅行，没有在十多岁就有了孩子

financially stable, never been imprisoned.

财务状况稳定，没有进过监狱。好的

OK. Good.

(Laughter)

非常好（笑声）

But, besides being a black woman,

但是，作为一个黑人妇女，我在其他方面跟你们中的大多数不同

I am different from most of you in some other ways.

I watched nearly half of the buildings in my neighborhood burn down.

我亲眼看见我邻居的近半个房子被烧成灰烬

My big brother Lenny fought in Vietnam,

我征战越南战场的大哥哥Lenny

only to be gunned down a few blocks from our home.

在离我家几个街区远的地方被枪杀

老天。我在街对面的一个危房里长大

Jesus.

I grew up with a crack house across the street.

是的，我是从贫民窟来的一个贫穷的黑人小孩

Yeah, I'm a poor black child from the ghetto.

这些东西让我显得与你不同

These things make me different from you.

But the things we have in common

但是我所提到的那些共同点把我和我社区的其他大多数人区分开来

set me apart from most of the people in my community,

and I am in between these two worlds

我介于两个世界之间

with enough of my heart to fight for justice in the other.

我有足够的勇气去为了另一个世界争取正义

那么，世界是如何把我们变得不一样的？

So how did things get so different for us?

In the late '40s, my dad -- a Pullman porter, son of a slave --

40年代后期，我的父亲——一个帕尔曼酒店的服务生，奴隶的儿子——

bought a house in the Hunts Point section of the South Bronx,

在South Bronx的Hunts Point街区买了房子

and a few years later, he married my mom.

几年后，他娶了我的母亲

At the time, the community was a mostly white, working-class neighborhood.

那个时候，这个社区是一个几乎是白人的工人阶级社区

My dad was not alone.

我的父亲并不孤单

And as others like him pursued their own version of the American dream,

跟其他寻找美国梦的人一样

white flight became common in the South Bronx

白人大迁徙在South Bronx和全国其他城市成了一种常态

and in many cities around the country.

银行被拉了红线，市里的特定区域

Red-lining was used by banks, wherein certain sections of the city,

including ours, were deemed off-limits to any sort of investment.

包括我们的，都成了投资的禁区

Many landlords believed it was more profitable to torch their buildings

很多房东坚信烧掉他们的房子更加有利可图

and collect insurance money rather than to sell under those conditions --

他们宁可领取保险金，也不愿意在这种情况下卖掉房子——

不管前租客死了还是受伤

dead or injured former tenants notwithstanding.

Hunts Point was formerly a walk-to-work community,

Hunts Point以前是一个步行上班的社区

but now residents had neither work nor home to walk to.

但是现在人们既没有工作，也无家可归

A national highway construction boom was added to our problems.

一个全国公路建设热给我们雪上加霜

In New York State,

在纽约州，Robert Moses成立了一家有野心的公路发展公司

Robert Moses spearheaded an aggressive highway-expansion campaign.

One of its primary goals was to make it easier

他的其中一个目标是让居住在Westchester县的富人们

for residents of wealthy communities in Westchester County to go to Manhattan.

到曼哈顿更加方便

The South Bronx, which lies in between, did not stand a chance.

South Bronx，位于两者之间，当然无法幸免

Residents were often given less than a month's notice

居民们的房屋通常会在收到通知的不到一个月内被夷为平地

before their buildings were razed.

600,000 people were displaced.

60万人无家可归

The common perception was

当时给人们的印象就是，只有皮条客、非法推销员和妓女才来自这个地区

that only pimps and pushers and prostitutes were from the South Bronx.

And if you are told from your earliest days

如果在你还小的时候被告知你的社区没有什么好东西

that nothing good is going to come from your community,

只是肮脏和丑陋的东西，你身上怎么会反映不出那些坏东西呢？

that it's bad and ugly,

how could it not reflect on you?

So now, my family's property was worthless,

现在，我们的财产分文不值，除了我们的家和我们自己

save for that it was our home, and all we had.

And luckily for me, that home and the love inside of it,

幸运的是，对我而言，那个家和家中的爱，以及

along with help from teachers, mentors and friends along the way, was enough.

来自老师、教练和朋友们一路上的帮助，这就足够了

Now, why is this story important?

现在，为何这个故事如此重要？

Because from a planning perspective,

因为从规划的角度讲，经济恶化就

economic degradation begets environmental degradation,

导致环境的恶化，然后就导致社会的恶化

which begets social degradation.

这次负投资开始于二十世纪六十年代

The disinvestment that began in the 1960s set the stage

为即将到来的环境不公平打下了基础

for all the environmental injustices that were to come.

Antiquated zoning and land-use regulations are still used to this day

老旧的街区划分和土地使用政策一直沿用到今天

to continue putting polluting facilities in my neighborhood.

继续在我们的周围建造产生污染的各种处理厂

当制定土地政策的时候，有把这些因素考虑在内吗？

Are these factors taken into consideration when land-use policy is decided?

What costs are associated with these decisions?

这些决策会产生哪些开销？谁又会为此买单？

And who pays? Who profits?

谁有受益了？对于当地居民正经受的苦难有任何正义可言吗?

Does anything justify what the local community goes through?

This was "planning" -- in quotes --

这就是所谓的“规划”——加上引号——根本就没有考虑我们的利益

that did not have our best interests in mind.

当我们意识到这一点，我们决定是时候制定自己规划的时候了

Once we realized that, we decided it was time to do our own planning.

That small park I told you about earlier

我先前提到的小公园只是

was the first stage of building a Greenway movement in the South Bronx.

在South Bronx地区进行绿化运动的第一步

I wrote a one-and-a-quarter-million dollar federal transportation grant

我写信申请一项一百二十五万的联邦交通拨款

来规划一处海滨休闲空地，配有专用的自行车道

to design the plan for a waterfront esplanade

with dedicated on-street bike paths.

Physical improvements help inform public policy regarding traffic safety,

身体上的改善帮助宣传关于交通安全的公共政策

the placement of the waste and other facilities,

废物和其他类型的处理厂

which, if done properly, don't compromise a community's quality of life.

如果建造得当，是不会损害社区的生活质量的

They provide opportunities to be more physically active,

这些将提供更多的机会，利于健康

as well as local economic development.

也利于当地经济发展

Think bike shops, juice stands.

设想一下自行车商店、饮料摊

第一阶段的工程我们得到了两千万美元

We secured 20 million dollars to build first-phase projects.

This is Lafayette Avenue --

这是Lafayette大道——由Matthews-Nielsen景观设计师重新设计

and that's redesigned by Mathews Nielsen Landscape Architects.

And once this path is constructed, it'll connect the South Bronx

一旦这条道路修建起来，它就把South Bronx

同超过四百英亩的Randall的内陆公园连接起来了

with more than 400 acres of Randall's Island Park.

Right now we're separated by about 25 feet of water, but this link will change that.

现在我们被大约二十五英尺的水域隔开，但是这个连接将改变这个现状

As we nurture the natural environment, its abundance will give us back even more.

我们去精心呵护自然环境，她会回报给我们更多

We run a project called the Bronx [Environmental] Stewardship Training,

我们运作了一个称为“Bronx生态管理训练”的项目

which provides job training in the fields of ecological restoration,

它在生态恢复方面提供了工作培训

so that folks from our community have the skills to compete

然后，来自我们社区的人们就具有去竞争这些高薪工作的技能

for these well-paying jobs.

慢慢的，这个地区就会到处都能找到绿领的工作岗位

Little by little, we're seeding the area with green-collar jobs --

and with people that have both a financial and personal stake

然后人们也具有财务资本和个人技能资本

in their environment.

The Sheridan Expressway is an underutilized relic

Sheridan高速公路是Robert Moses时期遗留下来的，而且没有被充分使用

of the Robert Moses era,

built with no regard for the neighborhoods that were divided by it.

修建的时候没有考虑邻里的利益，把邻里隔开

Even during rush hour, it goes virtually unused.

即使是在交通高峰期，它实际上也没有被利用起来

The community created an alternative transportation plan

社区研究了一个替代性交通规划

that allows for the removal of the highway.

来拆除这条公路

We have the opportunity now to bring together all the stakeholders

我们现在有机会让所有的利益相关人一起

to re-envision how this 28 acres can be better utilized

来重新设想一下这28英亩的土地更好地为公共用地、

for parkland, affordable housing and local economic development.

经济适用房和当地经济发展服务

We also built New York City's first green and cool roof demonstration project

我们也建造了纽约市的第一个绿色的清凉屋顶

示范项目，它位于我们办公楼的顶层

on top of our offices.

Cool roofs are highly-reflective surfaces that don't absorb solar heat,

清凉屋顶具有高度反射的表面，它不会吸收太阳热量

and pass it on to the building or atmosphere.

而是把它传递给建造或者大气

Green roofs are soil and living plants.

绿色屋顶都是泥土和鲜活的植被

Both can be used instead of petroleum-based roofing materials

这些都可以用来替代石油为主的屋顶材料

that absorb heat, contribute to urban "heat island" effect

后者吸收热量，造成城市的“热岛”效应，然后在太阳底下

and degrade under the sun,

which we in turn breathe.

降解成我们呼吸的空气。绿色屋顶也能留住75%的雨水

Green roofs also retain up to 75 percent of rainfall,

so they reduce a city's need to fund costly end-of-pipe solutions --

这也有助于城市减少地下管道设施的高昂支出

which, incidentally, are often located

这些设施恰好在环境正义的社区就能看到，比如说我居住的社区

in environmental justice communities like mine.

And they provide habitats for our little friends!

而且绿色屋顶也给我们的小朋友提供了栖息场所

所以——（笑声）——相当酷

[Butterfly]

(Laughter)

So cool!

Anyway, the demonstration project is a springboard

总之，这项示范项目是我们的绿色屋顶设施项目的开始

for our own green roof installation business,

bringing jobs and sustainable economic activity to the South Bronx.

它给South Bronx带来了工作机会和持续的经济活动

[Green is the new black ...]

（笑声）（掌声）我也喜欢这个

(Laughter) (Applause)

I like that, too.

不管怎样，我知道Chris告诉我们不要再上面做修改

Anyway, I know Chris told us not to do pitches up here,

but since I have all of your attention:

但是我们必须引起你们的注意：我们需要投资。修改完之后

We need investors. End of pitch.

It's better to ask for forgiveness than permission.

我们更应该寻求宽恕而不是许可

Anyway --

无论如何——（笑声）（掌声）

(Laughter)

(Applause)

OK. Katrina.

好的。Katrina。在Katrina之前，South Bronx和新奥尔良的第九区

Prior to Katrina, the South Bronx and New Orleans' Ninth Ward

had a lot in common.

有太多的相似之处。两个地方都居住着大量的贫穷的有色人种

Both were largely populated by poor people of color,

both hotbeds of cultural innovation: think hip-hop and jazz.

都是文化创新的温床：想想嘻哈乐和爵士

Both are waterfront communities that host both industries and residents

都是滨海社区，其中工业区

in close proximity of one another.

和居民区靠的如此之近

In the post-Katrina era, we have still more in common.

在后Katrina时代，我们还是有很多相同点

We're at best ignored, and maligned and abused, at worst,

我们被最多的忽略、诽谤和滥用，最糟糕的是

都是由于疏忽的管理机构、有害的分区制和松散的政府责任

by negligent regulatory agencies, pernicious zoning

and lax governmental accountability.

Neither the destruction of the Ninth Ward nor the South Bronx was inevitable.

无论是对第九区的破坏还是South Bronx都是必然的

我们提供能解救我们自身的有价值的课程

But we have emerged with valuable lessons

about how to dig ourselves out.

We are more than simply national symbols of urban blight

而不仅仅是城市萎缩的民族象征

or problems to be solved by empty campaign promises

或者是历任总统的空洞的参选承诺来解决问题

of presidents come and gone.

Now will we let the Gulf Coast languish for a decade or two,

现在我们会让墨西哥沿岸

像South Bronx曾经那样因渴望而苦恼等上几十年吗？

like the South Bronx did?

或者是向草根活动家的自身资源那里学习，主动采取行动

Or will we take proactive steps

and learn from the homegrown resource of grassroots activists

这些草根活动家都是从像我居住的社区一样的地方，在绝望中产生的

that have been born of desperation in communities like mine?

Now listen, I do not expect individuals,

现在听着，我们并不需要个人

corporations or government to make the world a better place

公司或政府来把世界变得更好，仅仅是因为它的正确的或是道德上的

because it is right or moral.

This presentation today only represents some of what I've been through.

今天的演讲仅仅代表了我经历的一小部分

Like a tiny little bit. You've no clue.

很小的一部分。你找不到任何线索

But I'll tell you later, if you want to know.

但是如果你确实想了解，我待会儿告诉你

但是——我知道这是本质，或者是一个人的见解

(Laughter)

But -- I know it's the bottom line, or one's perception of it,

that motivates people in the end.

最后能激励其他人

I'm interested in what I like to call the "triple bottom line"

我 感兴趣的是，我所称呼的“三重盈利”

that sustainable development can produce.

能产生持续性的发展

Developments that have the potential to create positive returns

发展有可能给所有相关的人带来积极的回报

for all concerned: the developers, government

开发商、政府和项目所在地的社区

and the community where these projects go up.

目前，纽约市还没有实施这个

At present, that's not happening in New York City.

我们正面临全面的城市规划财政赤字

And we are operating with a comprehensive urban-planning deficit.

A parade of government subsidies

针对政府补贴的游行正计划提议在

is going to propose big-box and stadium developments in the South Bronx,

South Bronx发展大型商场和体育馆

但是，市政部门直接缺乏合作

but there is scant coordination between city agencies

on how to deal with the cumulative effects of increased traffic, pollution,

来应对日益严重的交通、污染、固体废料

solid waste and the impacts on open space.

和空地的影响的问题。而且他们发展当地经济

And their approaches to local economic and job development are so lame

工作机会的方式如此跛脚，而不仅仅是好笑那么简单

it's not even funny.

Because on top of that,

因为，还有一个例子，世界上最富有的运动团体为了修建贝比鲁斯之屋

the world's richest sports team is replacing the House That Ruth Built

而毁掉了两个非常好的社区公园

by destroying two well-loved community parks.

Now, we'll have even less than that stat I told you about earlier.

现在，我们也只有少于先前提供给你们的数据

And although less than 25 percent of South Bronx residents own cars,

尽管只有少于25%的South Bronx居民有用私车

这些项目还是包括了成千上万新的车位

these projects include thousands of new parking spaces,

yet zip in terms of mass public transit.

仅仅是给庞大的交通系统提供一点活力

Now, what's missing from the larger debate

现在，从大的争论中遗失的是一个全面的

is a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis

成本收益分析，不是为了修复一个不健康的

between not fixing an unhealthy, environmentally-challenged community,

危害环境的社区，而是一个合作的

versus incorporating structural, sustainable changes.

建设性的，可持续性的改变

My agency is working closely with Columbia University and others

我的机构和哥伦比亚大学和其他机构密切合作

to shine a light on these issues.

来在这些问题上指明出路

Now let's get this straight: I am not anti-development.

现在，让我澄清一下。我并不是一个反对发展的人

Ours is a city, not a wilderness preserve.

我们居住的是一个城市，而不是一个野生动物保护区。而且我信奉资本主义

And I've embraced my inner capitalist.

And, but I don't have --

而且你们可能也是，如果你不是的，那你需要那样做

(Laughter)

You probably all have, and if you haven't, you need to.

(Laughter)

所以我对 开发商挣钱没有任何异议

So I don't have a problem with developers making money.

There's enough precedent out there to show that a sustainable,

而且先前有足够多的例子显示可持续发展的

community-friendly development can still make a fortune.

帮助社区发展的开发是可以挣到很多钱的

TED的朋友Bill Mcdonough和Amory Lovins

Fellow TEDsters Bill McDonough and Amory Lovins --

both heroes of mine by the way -- have shown that you can actually do that.

都是这方面的楷模——都展示了你确实能在这里挣到钱

但我对于那些去在政治弱势群体身上盈利

I do have a problem with developments that hyper-exploit

politically vulnerable communities for profit.

的开发商确实是有异议的

那对于我们大家而言都是一件可耻的事情

That it continues is a shame upon us all,

因为我们要为我们创造的一切负责任

because we are all responsible for the future that we create.

但是我时常提醒我自己的一件事就是，最大可能的从其他城市的愿景规划中学到东西

But one of the things I do to remind myself of greater possibilities,

is to learn from visionaries in other cities.

This is my version of globalization.

这是我的全球化设想

Let's take Bogota.

让我们看看波哥大，一个平穷的拉丁语地区，到处都是枪支犯罪

Poor, Latino, surrounded by runaway gun violence and drug trafficking;

和毒品走私：跟South Bronx的名声差不多

a reputation not unlike that of the South Bronx.

However, this city was blessed in the late 1990s

然而，这个城市在二十世纪90年代受惠于

with a highly-influential mayor named Enrique Peñalosa.

一个高度有影响力的市长，名叫Enrique Penalosa

他查看了人口统计资料

He looked at the demographics.

Few Bogotanos own cars,

很少的波哥大人拥有汽车，但是很大比例的城市资源是专为他们服务的

yet a huge portion of the city's resources was dedicated to serving them.

If you're a mayor, you can do something about that.

如果你是市长，你当然能做一些事情

His administration narrowed key municipal thoroughfares from five lanes to three,

他把主要的市内车道从五车道变成了三车道

outlawed parking on those streets,

禁止在这些街道停车，扩宽人行道

expanded pedestrian walkways and bike lanes,

和自行车道，修建公共广场

created public plazas,

created one of the most efficient bus mass-transit systems

创建了世界上最高效的公共汽车交通系统

in the entire world.

For his brilliant efforts, he was nearly impeached.

由于他出色的政绩，她差点被调查

但是人们开始发现他们开始把日常生活中的事情

But as people began to see that they were being put first

on issues reflecting their day-to-day lives,

放在第一位，不可思议的事情发生了

incredible things happened.

People stopped littering.

人们不再乱扔垃圾。犯罪率下降了。

Crime rates dropped, because the streets were alive with people.

街道因为大家而生机勃勃

His administration attacked several typical urban problems at one time,

他的政策一次性解决了很多典型的城市问题

and on a third-world budget, at that.

而且使用一个第三世界国家的财力解决的

We have no excuse in this country, I'm sorry.

我们在这样一个国家没有任何借口。对不起

But the bottom line is: their people-first agenda

但是实质是，他们人民的首要议程不是

was not meant to penalize those who could actually afford cars,

惩罚那些拥有车辆的人

but rather, to provide opportunities for all Bogotanos to participate

而是让所有的波哥大人参与进来

in the city's resurgence.

让城市恢复活力。发展不应该以牺牲

That development should not come

at the expense of the majority of the population

大多数人的利益为代价。这也是美国人民普遍认可的观点

is still considered a radical idea here in the U.S.

But Bogota's example has the power to change that.

但是波哥大的例子有能力去改变它

You, however, are blessed with the gift of influence.

然而，你受益于影响的恩惠

That's why you're here and why you value the information we exchange.

这也是为何你在此，来评估我们所交换的信息的原因

Use your influence

用你的影响力来支持各地全面而持久的改变

in support of comprehensive, sustainable change everywhere.

Don't just talk about it at TED.

不要只是在TED谈论。我尝试建立的是一个世界性的议程

This is a nationwide policy agenda I'm trying to build,

and as you all know, politics are personal.

正如你所知的，政治是个人的

帮助我去绿化新的黑人社区。帮助我使它永远迷人

Help me make green the new black.

Help me make sustainability sexy.

Make it a part of your dinner and cocktail conversations.

让它成为你茶余饭后的谈资

Help me fight for environmental and economic justice.

帮助我为了环境和经济的正义而进行的斗争

Support investments with a triple-bottom-line return.

支持三赢的投资

Help me democratize sustainability by bringing everyone to the table,

帮助我把持续发展大众化，把每个人都叫到一起

and insisting that comprehensive planning can be addressed everywhere.

而且坚信全面的规划在任何地方都是可以实施的

Oh good, glad I have a little more time!

天哪，很高兴我还有点时间

Listen -- when I spoke to Mr. Gore the other day after breakfast,

听着——那天早饭后我跟戈尔先生说话

I asked him how environmental justice activists were going to be included

我问他如何把环境正义活动家

包含到他新的行销策略当中

in his new marketing strategy.

His response was a grant program.

他的回答是一个拨款计划

我不认为他明白，我不是为了寻求拨款

I don't think he understood that I wasn't asking for funding.

我是向他伸出了机会的橄榄枝。（掌声）

I was making him an offer.

(Applause)

What troubled me was that this top-down approach is still around.

一直困扰着我的是，这个至上而下的方法一直都还在周围萦绕

别误会我了，我们是需要钱（笑声）

Now, don't get me wrong, we need money.

(Laughter)

But grassroots groups are needed at the table

在决策的过程中需要草根阶层的参与

during the decision-making process.

Of the 90 percent of the energy that Mr. Gore reminded us

戈尔先生提醒我们，我们每天浪费了90%的能量

that we waste every day,

don't add wasting our energy, intelligence

那就不要再浪费我们的智慧

and hard-earned experience to that count.

和很难才获得的经验（掌声）

(Applause)

I have come from so far to meet you like this.

我大老远跑过来以这种方式与你们见面

请不要辜负我。通过一起协作

Please don't waste me.

By working together,

we can become one of those small, rapidly-growing groups of individuals

我们能够变成这些小的，快速发展的团队中的一员

who actually have the audacity and courage

我们有胆量和勇气相信我们真的能改变这个世界

to believe that we actually can change the world.

我们可能从生命中不同的站点来到了这个会场

We might have come to this conference

from very, very different stations in life,

but believe me, we all share one incredibly powerful thing.

但是请相信我，我们都拥有一个难以置信的能力——

我们没有什么可以失去，却可以获得一切

We have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

再见（掌声）

Ciao, bellos!

(Applause)