Majora Carter: Greening the ghetto | TED

Prevoditelj: Marko Rakar Recezent: Nenad Maljković

If you're here today --

Ako ste danas ovdje - a meni je jako drago da ste tu -

and I'm very happy that you are --

you've all heard about how sustainable development

svi ste čuli kako nas održivi razvoj

will save us from ourselves.

može spasiti od nas samih. No, kada nismo na TED-u

However, when we're not at TED, we are often told

često nam govore da prava politika održivosti jednostavno nije realna,

that a real sustainability policy agenda is just not feasible,

especially in large urban areas like New York City.

osobito u velikim, urbanim područjima poput grada New Yorka.

And that's because most people with decision-making powers,

A to je zato što većina ljudi koji imaju moć donošenja odluka,

in both the public and the private sector,

kako u javnom, tako i u privatnom sektoru,

really don't feel as though they're in danger.

zapravo ne osjeća da su u opasnosti.

The reason why I'm here today, in part, is because of a dog --

Danas sam ovdje djelomično i zbog jednog psa:

an abandoned puppy I found back in the rain, back in 1998.

napušteno štene koje sam pronašla na kiši još 1998.

She turned out to be a much bigger dog than I'd anticipated.

To je štene izraslo u puno većeg psa nego što sam očekivala.

When she came into my life, we were fighting against a huge waste facility

Kada je ona ušla u moj život, borili smo se protiv ogromnog pogona za obradu otpada

planned for the East River waterfront

planiranog na obali East Rivera, unatoč činjenici da naš mali dio grada New Yorka

despite the fact that our small part of New York City

already handled more than 40 percent of the entire city's commercial waste:

već nosio s više od 40% komercijalnog otpada cijeloga grada.

a sewage treatment pelletizing plant, a sewage sludge plant, four power plants,

Pogon za briketiranje kanalizacijskog taloga, pogon za obradu kanalizacijskog mulja, četiri električne centrale,

the world's largest food-distribution center,

najveći centar za distribuciju hrane na svijetu,

as well as other industries that bring more than 60,000 diesel truck trips

kao i druge industrije koje na naše područje svakoga tjedna dovoze više od 60.000 kamiona.

to the area each week.

Naše područje ima i jedan od najnižih omjera parkova prema broju stanovnika u gradu.

The area also has one of the lowest ratios of parks to people in the city.

So when I was contacted by the Parks Department

Tako da kada su me iz Uprave za parkove kontaktirali

about a $10,000 seed-grant initiative to help develop waterfront projects,

u vezi s donacijom 10.000 dolara početnih sredstava za pokretanje uređenja obalnog područja,

I thought they were really well-meaning, but a bit naive.

pomislila sam da su stvarno dobronamjerni, ali pomalo naivni.

I'd lived in this area all my life, and you could not get to the river,

Ja sam cijelog svog života živjela na tom području i vi niste mogli doći do rijeke zbog

because of all the lovely facilities that I mentioned earlier.

svih tih prekrasnih pogona koje sam malprije spomenula.

Then, while jogging with my dog one morning,

I onda, jedno jutro dok sam trčala sa svojim psom,

she pulled me into what I thought was just another illegal dump.

ona me povukla prema nečemu za što sam pomislila da je još jedno ilegalno odlagalište.

Tamo je bio korov i hrpe smeća i još nešto što ovdje ne bih spominjala,

There were weeds and piles of garbage and other stuff that I won't mention here,

but she kept dragging me,

ali ona me nastavila vući - i, zamislite samo, iza svega toga bila je rijeka.

and lo and behold, at the end of that lot was the river.

I knew that this forgotten little street-end,

Znala sam da je ta zaboravljena slijepa ulica,

abandoned like the dog that brought me there, was worth saving.

napuštena poput psa koji me tamo doveo, vrijedna spašavanja.

And I knew it would grow to become the proud beginnings

I znala sam da će se pretvoriti u ponosni početak

građanske revitalizacije novog južnog Bronxa.

of the community-led revitalization of the new South Bronx.

And just like my new dog, it was an idea that got bigger than I'd imagined.

I poput mog novog psa, ta je ideja izrasla puno više nego što sam zamišljala.

We garnered much support along the way,

Putem smo prikupili puno podrške.

and the Hunts Point Riverside Park became the first waterfront park

A Hunts Point Riverside Park postao je prvi obalni park

that the South Bronx had had in more than 60 years.

kojega je južni Bronx dobio u više od 60 godina.

Tih 10.000 dolara početnih sredstava uspjeli smo multiplicirati više od 300 puta u park vrijedan tri milijuna dolara.

We leveraged that $10,000 seed grant more than 300 times,

into a $3 million park.

And in the fall, I'm going to exchange marriage vows with my beloved.

A ja ću ove jeseni...

razmijeniti bračne zavjete s mojom ljubavi. Puno hvala.

(Audience whistles)

Thank you very much.

(Applause)

That's him pressing my buttons back there, which he does all the time.

To je on, barata mojim gumbima tamo u pozadini, što i inače stalno radi.

(Laughter)

(smijeh) (pljesak)

(Applause)

But those of us living in environmental justice communities

No mi, koji živimo u susjedstvima s nepravedno ugroženim okolišem,

are the canary in the coal mine.

mi smo poput kanarinaca u rudniku. Osjećamo probleme upravo sada, i osjećamo ih već neko vrijeme.

We feel the problems right now, and have for some time.

Borba za pravedni okoliš, za vas koji možda niste upoznati s tim pojmom, bio bi otprilike ovo:

Environmental justice, for those of you who may not be familiar with the term,

goes something like this:

niti jedna zajednica ne smije biti opterećena s više onečišćenja

no community should be saddled with more environmental burdens

and less environmental benefits than any other.

i manje zaštite okoliša od bilo koje druge.

Unfortunately, race and class are extremely reliable indicators

Nažalost, rasa i stalež iznimno pouzdano ukazuju

as to where one might find the good stuff, like parks and trees,

gdje možete pronaći dobre stvari, poput parkova i drveća,

and where one might find the bad stuff, like power plants and waste facilities.

a gdje biste mogli naići na loše stvari, npr. električne centrale ili pogone za obradu otpada.

As a black person in America, I am twice as likely as a white person

Za mene kao crnkinju u Americi, dvostruko je vjerojatnije nego za bjelkinju

da ću živjeti u okolišu u kojem je zagađenje zraka najveća prijetnja mojem zdravlju.

to live in an area where air pollution poses the greatest risk to my health.

I am five times more likely to live within walking distance

Pet puta je vjerojatnije da živim u neposrednoj blizini

of a power plant or chemical facility,

električne centrale ili kemijskog pogona - kao što i živim.

which I do.

Takve urbanističke odluke stvaraju loše uvjete za život koji dovode do

These land-use decisions created the hostile conditions

that lead to problems like obesity, diabetes and asthma.

problema poput debljine, dijabetesa i astme.

Why would someone leave their home to go for a brisk walk in a toxic neighborhood?

Zašto bi netko izašao iz kuće na finu šetnju kroz toksično susjedstvo?

Our 27 percent obesity rate is high even for this country,

Naših 27% gojaznih je puno, čak i za ovu zemlju, a uz to ide i dijabetes.

and diabetes comes with it.

One out of four South Bronx children has asthma.

Svako četvrto dijete iz južnog Bronxa ima astmu.

Our asthma hospitalization rate

Kod nas je broj hospitaliziranih astmatičara sedam puta veći od nacionalnog prosjeka.

is seven times higher than the national average.

These impacts are coming everyone's way.

Sve to utječe na sve nas.

And we all pay dearly for solid waste costs,

I mi svi skupo plaćamo zbrinjavanje krutog otpada,

health problems associated with pollution and more odiously,

zdrastvene probleme povezane sa zagađenjem, i još podmuklije,

the cost of imprisoning our young black and Latino men,

troškove zatvaranja naše mlade crnačke i latino populacije,

koja posjeduje nemjerljive količine neiskorištenog potencijala.

who possess untold amounts of untapped potential.

Fifty percent of our residents live at or below the poverty line;

Polovina naših stanovnika živi na ili ispod granice siromaštva.

25 percent of us are unemployed.

Četvrtina nas je nezaposlena. Građani s niskim primanjima često koriste

Low-income citizens often use emergency-room visits as primary care.

hitnu pomoć kao primarnu zdravstvenu zaštitu.

This comes at a high cost to taxpayers and produces no proportional benefits.

Sve to je veliki trošak za porezne obveznike i ne daje odgovarajućih koristi.

Poor people are not only still poor, they are still unhealthy.

Siromašni ne samo da su i dalje siromašni, nego su i dalje bolesni.

Fortunately, there are many people like me who are striving for solutions

Na sreću, postoji mnogo ljudi poput mene koji traže rješenja

that won't compromise the lives

koja neće kratkoročno ugroziti živote manjinskih siromašnih zajednica,

of low-income communities of color in the short term,

and won't destroy us all in the long term.

a neće ih uništiti niti dugoročno.

None of us want that, and we all have that in common.

Nitko od nas to ne želi, i to nam je svima zajedničko. Što nam je još zajedničko?

So what else do we have in common?

Well, first of all, we're all incredibly good-looking.

Pa, prije svega, svi mi smo jako zgodni -

(smijeh) - završili smo srednje škole, prošli više i visoke škole,

(Laughter)

Graduated high school, college, post-graduate degrees,

traveled to interesting places, didn't have kids in your early teens,

putovali na zanimljive destinacije, nismo dobili djecu u ranoj mladosti,

financially stable, never been imprisoned.

financijski smo stabilni, nikada nismo bili u zatvoru.

OK. Good.

(Laughter)

Dobro... Odlično. (smijeh)

But, besides being a black woman,

Ali, osim što sam žena crne kože, ja se od vas razlikujem i na druge načine.

I am different from most of you in some other ways.

I watched nearly half of the buildings in my neighborhood burn down.

Gledala sam kako je gotovo polovica zgrada u mojem susjedstvu izgorjela.

My big brother Lenny fought in Vietnam,

Moj stariji brat Lenny se borio u Vijetnamu,

only to be gunned down a few blocks from our home.

samo da bi ga kasnije izrešetali nekoliko blokova od našeg doma.

Isuse... Odrasla sam preko puta kuće u kojoj se prodavao kokain.

Jesus.

I grew up with a crack house across the street.

Da, ja sam siromašno crno dijete iz geta.

Yeah, I'm a poor black child from the ghetto.

To me čini drugačijom od vas.

These things make me different from you.

But the things we have in common

Ali ono što nam je zajedničko izdvaja me od većine ljudi u mojoj zajednici,

set me apart from most of the people in my community,

and I am in between these two worlds

i ja se nalazim između ta dva svijeta,

with enough of my heart to fight for justice in the other.

s dovoljno srca da se borim za pravdu u ovom drugom.

Kako se dogodilo da smo toliko različiti?

So how did things get so different for us?

In the late '40s, my dad -- a Pullman porter, son of a slave --

U kasnim četrdesetima, moj otac - željezničar, sin roba -

bought a house in the Hunts Point section of the South Bronx,

kupio je kuću u Hunts Point-u, kvartu južnog Bronxa,

and a few years later, he married my mom.

i nekoliko godina kasnije vjenčao se s mojom mamom.

At the time, the community was a mostly white, working-class neighborhood.

U to vrijeme u susjedstvu je živjela uglavnom radnička klasa bijele boje kože.

My dad was not alone.

Moj otac nije bio sam.

And as others like him pursued their own version of the American dream,

I kako su ostali poput njega tražili svoju verziju američkoga sna,

white flight became common in the South Bronx

iseljavanje bjelačkog stanovništa postalo je uobičajeno u južnom Bronxu i mnogim gradovima širom zemlje.

and in many cities around the country.

Banke su nas diskriminirale, jer su određeni dijelovi grada,

Red-lining was used by banks, wherein certain sections of the city,

including ours, were deemed off-limits to any sort of investment.

uključujući naš, proglašeni nepoželjnima za bilo kakve investicije.

Many landlords believed it was more profitable to torch their buildings

Mnogi stanodavci su vjerovali kako je profitabilnije potpaliti svoje zgrade

and collect insurance money rather than to sell under those conditions --

i naplatiti osiguranje nego da ih prodaju pod tim uvjetima -

bez obzira na poginule ili ozlijeđene bivše stanoprimce.

dead or injured former tenants notwithstanding.

Hunts Point was formerly a walk-to-work community,

U Hunts Point-u je nekada bilo puno radnih mjesta,

but now residents had neither work nor home to walk to.

ali sada stanovnici nisu imali niti posao, niti dom u kojeg bi se vratili.

A national highway construction boom was added to our problems.

Eksplozija izgradnje autocesta samo je povećala naše probleme.

In New York State,

U državi New York, Robert Moses je pokrenuo agresivnu kampanju širenja autocesta.

Robert Moses spearheaded an aggressive highway-expansion campaign.

One of its primary goals was to make it easier

Jedan od njegovih osnovnih ciljeva bio je da se stanovnicima

for residents of wealthy communities in Westchester County to go to Manhattan.

bogatih zajednica okruga Wetchester olakša dolazak na Manhattan.

The South Bronx, which lies in between, did not stand a chance.

Južni Bronx, koji leži između, nije imao nikakve šanse.

Residents were often given less than a month's notice

Stanovnici su često dobivali rok kraći od mjesec dana za iseljenje prije rušenja njihovih zgrada.

before their buildings were razed.

600,000 people were displaced.

Raseljeno je 600.000 ljudi.

The common perception was

Uobičajeno je mišljenje da su samo svodnici, dileri i prostitutke iz južnog Bronxa.

that only pimps and pushers and prostitutes were from the South Bronx.

And if you are told from your earliest days

I ako ti od malena govore kako ništa dobroga neće izaći

that nothing good is going to come from your community,

iz tvoje zajednice, da je ona loša i ružna, kako se to može ne odraziti na tebe?

that it's bad and ugly,

how could it not reflect on you?

So now, my family's property was worthless,

I tako, imovina moje obitelji je bila bezvrijedna, osim što je to bio naš dom i sve što imamo.

save for that it was our home, and all we had.

And luckily for me, that home and the love inside of it,

I na moju sreću, taj dom i ljubav u njemu, uz usputnu pomoć

along with help from teachers, mentors and friends along the way, was enough.

učitelja, mentora i prijatelja... to je bilo dovoljno.

Now, why is this story important?

I sad, zašto je ta priča važna?

Because from a planning perspective,

Zato što s urbanističkog gledišta, gospodarsko propadanje

economic degradation begets environmental degradation,

povlači propadanje okoliša, a to povlači socijalnu degradaciju.

which begets social degradation.

Zaustavljanje investiranja koje je započelo u šezdesetima

The disinvestment that began in the 1960s set the stage

pokrenulo je sve buduće nepravde u okolišu.

for all the environmental injustices that were to come.

Antiquated zoning and land-use regulations are still used to this day

Zastarjeli urbanistički i građevinski propisi na snazi su i danas,

to continue putting polluting facilities in my neighborhood.

još uvijek donose zagađujuće pogone u moje susjedstvo.

Jesu li ti čimbenici uzeti u obzir kod donošenja urbanističkih odluka?

Are these factors taken into consideration when land-use policy is decided?

What costs are associated with these decisions?

Kakvi troškovi nastaju zbog tih odluka? I tko to plaća?

And who pays? Who profits?

Tko profitira? Opravdava li bilo što ovo kroz što prolazi lokalna zajednica?

Does anything justify what the local community goes through?

This was "planning" -- in quotes --

To je bio "urbanizam" - pod navodnicima - koji nije vodio računa o našim interesima.

that did not have our best interests in mind.

Nakon što smo to shvatili, odlučili smo da je došlo vrijeme da se pobrinemo za vlastiti urbanizam.

Once we realized that, we decided it was time to do our own planning.

That small park I told you about earlier

Taj mali park kojeg sam maloprije spomenula bio je prva faza

was the first stage of building a Greenway movement in the South Bronx.

u stvaranju pokreta za izgradnju parkova u južnom Bronxu.

I wrote a one-and-a-quarter-million dollar federal transportation grant

Napisala sam prijedlog za 1,25 milijuna dolara vrijednu saveznu dotaciju za prijevoz

kako bismo projektirali riječnu šetnicu s izdvojenim biciklističkim stazama.

to design the plan for a waterfront esplanade

with dedicated on-street bike paths.

Physical improvements help inform public policy regarding traffic safety,

Unaprijeđenje prostora pomaže u mijenjaju politka sigurnosti u prometu,

the placement of the waste and other facilities,

odabiru lokacija za otpadne i ostale pogone,

which, if done properly, don't compromise a community's quality of life.

koji, ako se naprave kako treba, ne ugrožavaju kvalitetu života zajednice.

They provide opportunities to be more physically active,

Također vam daju mogućnost za veću fizičku aktivnost,

as well as local economic development.

kao i za lokalni gospodarski razvoj.

Think bike shops, juice stands.

Recimo trgovine s biciklima, štandovi sa sokovima.

Osigurali smo 20 milijuna dolara za izgradnju prve faze projekata.

We secured 20 million dollars to build first-phase projects.

This is Lafayette Avenue --

Ovo je avenija Lafayette - ovako su je preoblikovali krajobrazni arhitekti Matthew i Nielsen.

and that's redesigned by Mathews Nielsen Landscape Architects.

And once this path is constructed, it'll connect the South Bronx

A kada ova staza bude izgrađena, povezat će južni Bronx

s više od 160 hektara parkova na Randallsovom otoku.

with more than 400 acres of Randall's Island Park.

Right now we're separated by about 25 feet of water, but this link will change that.

Trenutno nas dijeli oko 8 metara vode, ali ova će veza to promijeniti.

As we nurture the natural environment, its abundance will give us back even more.

Ako brinemo za prirodni okoliš, njegovo obilje će nam višestruko uzvratiti.

We run a project called the Bronx [Environmental] Stewardship Training,

Imamo projekt koji se zove "Obuka ekoloških skrbnika Bronxa"

which provides job training in the fields of ecological restoration,

kojim pružamo profesionalnu obuku u području ekološkog obnavljanja,

so that folks from our community have the skills to compete

kako bi ljudi iz naše zajednice stekli vještine potrebne za dobivanje tih dobro plaćenih poslova.

for these well-paying jobs.

Malo po malo, otvaramo zelena radna mjesta na našem području -

Little by little, we're seeding the area with green-collar jobs --

and with people that have both a financial and personal stake

a zatim zapošljavamo ljude koji imaju financijski i osobni interes za svoj okoliš.

in their environment.

The Sheridan Expressway is an underutilized relic

Autocesta Sheridan Expressway jedan je premalo korišten relikt iz doba Roberta Mosesa,

of the Robert Moses era,

built with no regard for the neighborhoods that were divided by it.

sagrađen bez obzira na susjedstva koja je podijelio.

Even during rush hour, it goes virtually unused.

Čak i tijekom vršnih prometnih opterećenja, ta je autocesa gotovo nekorištena.

The community created an alternative transportation plan

Građani su osmislili alternativni plan prijevoza

that allows for the removal of the highway.

koji omogućava uklanjanje autoceste.

We have the opportunity now to bring together all the stakeholders

Sada možemo okupiti sve zainteresirane strane

to re-envision how this 28 acres can be better utilized

i osmisliti kako bismo tih 11 hektara mogli bolje iskoristiti za parkove,

for parkland, affordable housing and local economic development.

povoljne stanove i lokalni gospodarski razvoj.

We also built New York City's first green and cool roof demonstration project

Također smo sagradili prvi zeleni i hladni krov u gradu New Yorku,

kao demo-projekt na krovu iznad naših ureda.

on top of our offices.

Cool roofs are highly-reflective surfaces that don't absorb solar heat,

Hladni krovovi su visoko reflektirajuće površine koje ne apsorbiraju sunčevu toplinu

and pass it on to the building or atmosphere.

i ne prenose je na zgradu ili atmosferu.

Green roofs are soil and living plants.

Zeleni krovovi su zemlja i žive biljke.

Both can be used instead of petroleum-based roofing materials

Obje tehnike mogu se koristiti umjesto materijala na bazi nafte

that absorb heat, contribute to urban "heat island" effect

koji upijaju toplinu i tako stvaraju efekt "vrućeg otoka" te koje se na suncu razgrađuju,

and degrade under the sun,

which we in turn breathe.

što mi potom udišemo. Zeleni krovovi uz to zadržavaju do 75% kišnice,

Green roofs also retain up to 75 percent of rainfall,

so they reduce a city's need to fund costly end-of-pipe solutions --

pa tako smanjuju potrebu za financiranjem skupocjenih prečistača -

which, incidentally, are often located

koji su, slučajno, najčešće locirani u susjedstvima s nepravednim okolišem poput mojeg.

in environmental justice communities like mine.

And they provide habitats for our little friends!

Uz to su stanište našim malim prijateljima!

To je - (smijeh) - cool!

[Butterfly]

(Laughter)

So cool!

Anyway, the demonstration project is a springboard

Demo-projekt je odskočna daska za naše novo poduzeće za postavljanje zelenih krovova,

for our own green roof installation business,

bringing jobs and sustainable economic activity to the South Bronx.

koje će stvoriti radna mjesta i održiv gospodarski razvoj u južnom Bronxu.

[Green is the new black ...]

(smijeh) (pljesak) I meni se to sviđa.

(Laughter) (Applause)

I like that, too.

Znam da je Chris rekao da ovdje ne smijemo prodavati,

Anyway, I know Chris told us not to do pitches up here,

but since I have all of your attention:

ali kako imam svu vašu pažnju: trebamo investitore. Kraj prodavanja.

We need investors. End of pitch.

It's better to ask for forgiveness than permission.

Bolje je tražiti oprost nego dozvolu.

Anyway --

Dakle... (smijeh) - (pljesak)

(Laughter)

(Applause)

OK. Katrina.

OK. Katrina. Prije Katrine, južni Bronx i Ninth Ward u New Orleansu

Prior to Katrina, the South Bronx and New Orleans' Ninth Ward

had a lot in common.

imali su mnogo toga zajedničkog. Obje četvrti bile su nastanjene siromašnima druge boje kože,

Both were largely populated by poor people of color,

both hotbeds of cultural innovation: think hip-hop and jazz.

obje su kolijevka kulturnih inovacija: recimo hip-hopa i jazza.

Both are waterfront communities that host both industries and residents

Obje su obalne zajednice koje udomljuju kako industriju,

in close proximity of one another.

tako i stanovnike u velikoj međusobnoj blizini.

In the post-Katrina era, we have still more in common.

U razdoblju nakon Katrine, imamo još više toga zajedničkog.

We're at best ignored, and maligned and abused, at worst,

U najbolje slučaju ignoriraju nas i zloupotrebljavaju, a u najgorem slučaju iskorištavaju

nemarni regulatori, izuzetno štetni urbanizam i nedostatna odgovornost vlasti.

by negligent regulatory agencies, pernicious zoning

and lax governmental accountability.

Neither the destruction of the Ninth Ward nor the South Bronx was inevitable.

Ni uništenje četvrti Ninth Ward, ni južnog Bronxa nije bilo neizbježno.

Ali mi smo iz toga izvukli vrijednu pouku kako se izvući.

But we have emerged with valuable lessons

about how to dig ourselves out.

We are more than simply national symbols of urban blight

Mi smo puno više od nacionalnih simbola urbane truleži.

or problems to be solved by empty campaign promises

Ili problema koji će biti riješeni praznim obećanjima predsjednika koji dolaze i odlaze.

of presidents come and gone.

Now will we let the Gulf Coast languish for a decade or two,

Hoćemo li sad dozvoliti da i obala Golfskog zaljeva

trune 10-20 godina kao što je to bio slučaj s južnim Bronxom?

like the South Bronx did?

Ili ćemo poduzeti proaktivne korake i učiti od naših domaćih resursa -

Or will we take proactive steps

and learn from the homegrown resource of grassroots activists

građanskih aktivista koji su rođeni iz očaja u zajednicama poput moje?

that have been born of desperation in communities like mine?

Now listen, I do not expect individuals,

No, slušajte, ja ne očekujem da će pojedinci,

corporations or government to make the world a better place

tvrtke ili vlada učiniti svijet boljim mjestom zato što je to ispravno ili moralno.

because it is right or moral.

This presentation today only represents some of what I've been through.

Ova današnja prezentacija pokazuje samo dijelove onoga kroz što sam prošla,

Like a tiny little bit. You've no clue.

poput malenog komadića. Nemate pojma.

But I'll tell you later, if you want to know.

Ali reći ću vam kasnije ako želite znati.

Ali - znam da je završni račun, ili nečija percepcija završnog računa,

(Laughter)

But -- I know it's the bottom line, or one's perception of it,

that motivates people in the end.

ono što naposlijetku motivira ljude.

I'm interested in what I like to call the "triple bottom line"

Mene zanima ono što nazivam "trostrukim završnim računom"

that sustainable development can produce.

koji može nastati održivim razvojem.

Developments that have the potential to create positive returns

Razvoj koji ima potencijal stvoriti pozitivne ishode za sve zanteresirane:

for all concerned: the developers, government

graditelje, vlasti i zajednicu u kojoj se ti projekti grade.

and the community where these projects go up.

Ovoga trenutka, to se ne događa u gradu New Yorku.

At present, that's not happening in New York City.

I mi radimo s sveobuhvatnim deficitom urbanizma.

And we are operating with a comprehensive urban-planning deficit.

A parade of government subsidies

Parada onih koje vlasti dotiraju izgradit će predložene

is going to propose big-box and stadium developments in the South Bronx,

ogromne stambene kutije i stadion u južnom Bronxu,

ali uopće nema koordinacije između gradske uprave o tome kako

but there is scant coordination between city agencies

on how to deal with the cumulative effects of increased traffic, pollution,

se odnositi prema kumulativnom efektu povećanog prometa, zagađenja, otpada

solid waste and the impacts on open space.

i utjecaja na otvoreni prostor. A njihov pristup lokalnom gospodarskom

And their approaches to local economic and job development are so lame

razvoju i otvaranju radnih mjesta toliko je jadan da nije ni smiješan.

it's not even funny.

Because on top of that,

Jer, povrh toga, najbogatiji sportski tim na svijetu seli

the world's richest sports team is replacing the House That Ruth Built

stadion Yankeeja tako da uništava dva omiljena parka.

by destroying two well-loved community parks.

Now, we'll have even less than that stat I told you about earlier.

Sad ćemo imati još manje nego u statistici koju sam prije spomenula.

And although less than 25 percent of South Bronx residents own cars,

Pa iako manje od 25% stanovnika južnog Bronxa posjeduje automobile,

ovi projekti predviđaju tisuće novih parkirnih mjesta,

these projects include thousands of new parking spaces,

yet zip in terms of mass public transit.

ali baš ništa od masovnog javnog prijevoza.

Now, what's missing from the larger debate

Ono što u javnoj debati nedostaje je temeljita

is a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis

analiza troškova i koristi između zanemarivanja nezdrave i

between not fixing an unhealthy, environmentally-challenged community,

ekološki narušene zajednice, u odnosu na provođenje

versus incorporating structural, sustainable changes.

strukturnih i održivih promjena.

My agency is working closely with Columbia University and others

Moja udruga usko surađuje sa sveučilištem Columbia i drugima

to shine a light on these issues.

kako bi skrenula pozornost na ove probleme.

Now let's get this straight: I am not anti-development.

Da razjasnimo nešto. Ja nisam protiv izgradnje.

Ours is a city, not a wilderness preserve.

Mi smo u gradu, ne u nacionalnom parku. I ja sam prihvatila svog unutarnjeg kapitalistu.

And I've embraced my inner capitalist.

And, but I don't have --

Vjerojatno ga svi imate i ako to još niste učinili, trebali bi.

(Laughter)

You probably all have, and if you haven't, you need to.

(Laughter)

Ja nemam problem s građevinarima koji će zaraditi.

So I don't have a problem with developers making money.

There's enough precedent out there to show that a sustainable,

Imamo dovoljno primjera koji pokazuju da održivi

community-friendly development can still make a fortune.

razvoj s zajednicom na umu može biti vrlo unosan.

Kolege TED-ovci Bill McDonough i Amory Lovins -

Fellow TEDsters Bill McDonough and Amory Lovins --

both heroes of mine by the way -- have shown that you can actually do that.

usput, oboje moji heroji - pokazali su kako to možete učiniti.

Ja imam problem s izgradnjom koja pretjerano iskorištava

I do have a problem with developments that hyper-exploit

politically vulnerable communities for profit.

politički nemoćne zajednice radi profita.

Da se to nastavlja sramota je za sve nas,

That it continues is a shame upon us all,

zato što smo svi mi odgovorni za budućnost koju stvaramo.

because we are all responsible for the future that we create.

Nešto što činim da bih se podsjetila kako postoje bolje mogućnosti je da učim od vizionara iz drugih gradova.

But one of the things I do to remind myself of greater possibilities,

is to learn from visionaries in other cities.

This is my version of globalization.

To je moja verzija globalizacije.

Let's take Bogota.

Uzmite primjer Bogote. Siromašna, latinoamerička, okružena oružanim nasiljem

Poor, Latino, surrounded by runaway gun violence and drug trafficking;

i švercom droge: reputacija slična onoj južnog Bronxa.

a reputation not unlike that of the South Bronx.

However, this city was blessed in the late 1990s

Ipak, taj grad je krajem devedesetih blagoslovljen

with a highly-influential mayor named Enrique Peñalosa.

izuzetno utjecajnim gradonačelnikom imenom Enrique Penalosa.

On je proučio demografiju.

He looked at the demographics.

Few Bogotanos own cars,

Malo stanovnika posjeduje automobile, a ipak je ogromni dio gradskih sredstava bio namijenjen njihovom usluživanju.

yet a huge portion of the city's resources was dedicated to serving them.

If you're a mayor, you can do something about that.

Ako ste gradonačelnik, možete učiniti nešto u vezi s tim.

His administration narrowed key municipal thoroughfares from five lanes to three,

Njegova je uprava suzila ključne gradske prometnice s pet traka na tri,

outlawed parking on those streets,

zabranila parkiranje na tim ulicama, proširila nogostupe

expanded pedestrian walkways and bike lanes,

i biciklističke staze, napravila gradske trgove,

created public plazas,

created one of the most efficient bus mass-transit systems

stvorila jedan od najučinkovitijih sustava autobusnog javnog prijevoza na svijetu.

in the entire world.

For his brilliant efforts, he was nearly impeached.

Za njegove brilijantne napore... skoro su ga krivično gonili.

Ali nakon što su građani uvidjeli da su oni na prvome mjestu u rješavanju

But as people began to see that they were being put first

on issues reflecting their day-to-day lives,

problema s kojima se svakodnevno nose, dogodilo se nešto nevjerojatno.

incredible things happened.

People stopped littering.

Prestali su bacati smeće po ulicama. Kriminal se smanjio.

Crime rates dropped, because the streets were alive with people.

Zato jer su ulice bile žive i pune ljudi.

His administration attacked several typical urban problems at one time,

Njegova uprava napala je nekoliko tipičnih urbanih problema odjednom,

and on a third-world budget, at that.

i to skromnim budžetom iz zemlje trećeg svijeta.

We have no excuse in this country, I'm sorry.

Mi u ovoj zemlji nemamo izgovora, žao mi je.

But the bottom line is: their people-first agenda

No zaključak je, njegovo stavljanje građana na prvo mjesto nije bilo zbog

was not meant to penalize those who could actually afford cars,

kao kažnjavanje onih koji si mogu priuštiti automobile,

but rather, to provide opportunities for all Bogotanos to participate

već kao pružanje prilike svim stanovnicima Bogote za sudjelovanje

in the city's resurgence.

u obnovi grada. To da izgradnja ne bi trebala biti na račun

That development should not come

at the expense of the majority of the population

većine stanovništva još uvijek se smatra radikalnom idejom ovdje u SAD.

is still considered a radical idea here in the U.S.

But Bogota's example has the power to change that.

Ali primjer Bogote ima snagu da to promijeni.

You, however, are blessed with the gift of influence.

Vi ste, međutim, blagoslovljeni darom utjecaja.

That's why you're here and why you value the information we exchange.

Zato ste ovdje i zašto cijenite informacije koje razmjenjujemo.

Use your influence

Iskoristite svoj utjecaj za podršku cjelovitih i održivih promjena svugdje.

in support of comprehensive, sustainable change everywhere.

Don't just talk about it at TED.

Nemojte samo o tome govoriti na TED-u. Ovo je javna politika koju želim proširiti cijelom zemljom,

This is a nationwide policy agenda I'm trying to build,

and as you all know, politics are personal.

a kao što znate, sva politika je osobna.

Pomozite mi da zeleno postane novo crno. Pomozite mi da održivost postane seksi.

Help me make green the new black.

Help me make sustainability sexy.

Make it a part of your dinner and cocktail conversations.

Učinite je dijelom svojih razgovora tokom večere ili koktela.

Help me fight for environmental and economic justice.

Pomozite mi izboriti se za pravdu u okolišu i gospodarstvu.

Support investments with a triple-bottom-line return.

Podržite investicije koje podnose "trostruki završni račun".

Help me democratize sustainability by bringing everyone to the table,

Pomozite mi demokratizirati održivost tako da sve okupimo

and insisting that comprehensive planning can be addressed everywhere.

i inzistirajte da se o urbanizmu može cjelovito raspravljati svugdje.

Oh good, glad I have a little more time!

Super, drago mi je da imam još malo vremena!

Listen -- when I spoke to Mr. Gore the other day after breakfast,

Slušajte - kada sam neki dan poslije doručka razgovarala s g. Goreom,

I asked him how environmental justice activists were going to be included

pitala sam ga kako će aktivisti za ekološku pravdu biti uključeni

u njegovu novu marketinšku strategiju

in his new marketing strategy.

His response was a grant program.

Njegov odgovor je bio program donacija.

Mislim da nije razumio da ga ja ne tražim novce.

I don't think he understood that I wasn't asking for funding.

Ja sam njemu davala ponudu. (pljesak)

I was making him an offer.

(Applause)

What troubled me was that this top-down approach is still around.

Ono što me smeta je da je ovaj pristup "odozgo prema dolje" još uvijek tu.

Nemojte me krivo shvatiti, nama treba novac. (smijeh)

Now, don't get me wrong, we need money.

(Laughter)

But grassroots groups are needed at the table

Ali grupe građana su potrebne za stolom tijekom procesa odlučivanja.

during the decision-making process.

Of the 90 percent of the energy that Mr. Gore reminded us

Uz 90% energije za koju nas je g. Gore podsjetio da je svakoga dana rasipamo,

that we waste every day,

don't add wasting our energy, intelligence

nemojte tome dodavati rasipanje naše energije, inteligencije

and hard-earned experience to that count.

i teško stečenog iskustva. (pljesak)

(Applause)

I have come from so far to meet you like this.

Došla sam izdaleka da bismo se ovako susreli.

Molim, nemojte me odbaciti. Radeći zajedno,

Please don't waste me.

By working together,

we can become one of those small, rapidly-growing groups of individuals

možemo postati jedna od onih malih, brzo rastućih skupina pojedinaca

who actually have the audacity and courage

koji istinski neustrašivo i hrabro vjeruju da doista možemo promijenti svijet.

to believe that we actually can change the world.

Možda smo na ovu konferenciju došli iz vrlo, vrlo različitih životnih situacija,

We might have come to this conference

from very, very different stations in life,

but believe me, we all share one incredibly powerful thing.

ali vjerujte mi, nama je zajedničko nešto izuzetno moćno -

nemamo što izgubiti, a možemo sve dobiti.

We have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

Ciao bellos! (pljesak)

Ciao, bellos!

(Applause)