Gregory Petsko: The coming neurological epidemic

Translator: Jenny Zurawell

Translator: Nafissa Yakubova Reviewer: Farrukh Yakubov

Unless we do something to prevent it,

Biz buning oldini olish uchun biror chora ko'rmasak

over the next 40 years we’re facing an epidemic

kelasi 40 yil ichida biz epidemiyaga yuzma-yuz turamiz

of neurologic diseases on a global scale.

ya'ni dunyo miqyosidagi neyrologik epidemiya.

A cheery thought.

Kayfiyat ko'taradigan fikr. ( ko'chma ma'noda)

On this map, every country that’s colored blue

Bu xaritada, ko'k rangdagi har bir davlat

has more than 20 percent of its population over the age of 65.

aholisining 20% dan ortig'i 65 yoshdan katta

This is the world we live in.

Bu biz yashayotgan olam.

And this is the world your children will live in.

Va bu esa sizning bolalarimiz yashaydigan dunyo.

For 12,000 years, the distribution of ages in the human population

12,000 yil ichida, inson aholisi orasida yosh taqsimoti

has looked like a pyramid, with the oldest on top.

piramidaga o'xshagan edi, keksalar yuqorida edi.

It’s already flattening out.

endi esa u tekislanib kelayapti.

By 2050, it’s going to be a column and will start to invert.

2050 chi yilga borib, bu ustun teskari tomonga o'zgara boshlaydi.

This is why it’s happening.

Buni sababi quyidagiday.

The average lifespan’s more than doubled since 1840,

1840 yildan beri o'rta hisobdagi umr uzoqligi 2 marta uzaydi.

and it’s increasing currently at the rate of about five hours every day.

va har kuni bu 5 soat hisobida uzayib bormoqda.

And this is why that’s not entirely a good thing:

Va buning yaxshi narsa emasligi sabab:

because over the age of 65, your risk of getting Alzheimer’s

65 yoshdan oshgandan so'ng Alzgeymr kasalligiga chalinish kuchayadi

or Parkinson’s disease will increase exponentially.

va Parkinson ksalligi ham eksponent bo'yicha oshadi.

By 2050, there’ll be about 32 million people in the United States

2050 chi yilga borib AQSHda 32 million kishi

over the age of 80, and unless we do something about it,

80 yoshdan oshadi, agar biz biror chora ko'rmasak,

half of them will have Alzheimer’s disease

ularning yarimi Alzgeymer kasalligiga chalinadi

and three million more will have Parkinson’s disease.

va 3 milliondan ko'pi Parkisons kasalligiga duchor bo'ladi.

Right now, those and other neurologic diseases --

Hozirda, bular va boshqa neyrologik kasalliklar-

for which we have no cure or prevention --

-bizda oldini olib yoki davolab bo'lmaydigan kassalliklar-

cost about a third of a trillion dollars a year.

yiliga trillion dollarning 3 dan bir qismini sarf qiladi.

It will be well over a trillion dollars by 2050.

2050 yilga borib bu son trilliondan ham oshadi.

Alzheimer’s disease starts when a protein

Alzgeymer kasalligi boshlanishi oqsil

that should be folded up properly

kerakligicha shakllanmaydi

misfolds into a kind of demented origami.

va u qiyshiq origamiga o'xhshab yig'iladi.

So one approach we’re taking is to try to design drugs

Bir chora bu shunday dorilarni ishlab chiqish kerakki

that function like molecular Scotch tape,

u xuddi molekulyar darajada skotchga o'xhsab ishlash kerak.

to hold the protein into its proper shape.

va oqsilni kerakli shaklda ushlab turadi.

That would keep it from forming the tangles

Ular oqsilni chalkashib o'ralib qolishdan saqlaydi

that seem to kill large sections of the brain when they do.

bu o'zgarishlar miyaning katta qismlarini nobud qiladigan ko'rinadi.

Interestingly enough, other neurologic diseases

Shunisi qiziqki, boshqa neyrologik kasalliklar

which affect very different parts of the brain

miyaning boshqa turli qismlariga ta'sir etadi

also show tangles of misfolded protein,

va ular ham o'ralib qolgan, noto'gri yig'ilgan oqsillarga ega.

which suggests that the approach might be a general one,

Bu degani ular bir umumiy usulda rivojlanishi mumkin deganidir.

and might be used to cure many neurologic diseases,

va ko'pgina neyrologik kasalliklarni davolash mumkin degani,

not just Alzheimer’s disease.

va nafaqat Alzgeymer's kassaligini.

There’s also a fascinating connection to cancer here,

Bu yerda yana, rak ( saraton) ga aloqa bor

because people with neurologic diseases

chunki neyrologik kasaliga duchor bo'lgan odamlarda

have a very low incidence of most cancers.

rak kam uchraydi.

And this is a connection that most people aren’t pursuing right now,

Bu aloqani hozirda ko'pchilik nazarga olmayapti,

but which we’re fascinated by.

lekin biz bundan juda ajablanamiz.

Most of the important and all of the creative work in this area

bu sohadagi Eng muhim va o'zgacha ish

is being funded by private philanthropies.

shaxsiy filantroplar tomonidan moliyaviy jihatdan homiylik qilinadi.

And there’s tremendous scope for additional private help here,

Va bu yerda juda katta miqdorda shaxsiy mablag'lar yordam qiladi,

because the government has dropped the ball on much of this, I’m afraid.

chunki, davlat bu sohaga yordam qilishda sal susaygan deb qo'rqaman.

In the meantime, while we’re waiting for all these things to happen,

Bu paytda, biz bu narsalarning hammasining sodir bo'lishini kutayapmiz,

here’s what you can do for yourself.

va siz o'zingiz uchun quyidagicha qilishingiz mumkin.

If you want to lower your risk of Parkinson’s disease,

Agar siz Parkinson kasalligining xavfini kamaytirish uchun

caffeine is protective to some extent; nobody knows why.

kafein ma'lim bir darajada muhofaza qiladi, nima uchun hech kim bilmaydi.

Head injuries are bad for you. They lead to Parkinson’s disease.

Bosh lat yeyishi yomon. Parkinson kasalligi uchun.

And the Avian Flu is also not a good idea.

Qush gripi ham yaxhshi emas.

As far as protecting yourself against Alzheimer’s disease,

Alzgeymers kasalligidan himoya qilish uchun esa

well, it turns out that fish oil has the effect

baliq yog'i yaxhshi ta'sir qiladi

of reducing your risk for Alzheimer’s disease.

va Alzgeymer kasalligiga duchor bo'lish xavfini kamaytiradi.

You should also keep your blood pressure down,

Yana qon bosimimngizni pastroq qilib turgan yaxhshi

because chronic high blood pressure

chunki uzoq muddatga cho'zilgan surunkali qon bosimi

is the biggest single risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease.

Alzgeymers kasalligi uchun eng katta xavf hisoblanadi

It’s also the biggest risk factor for glaucoma,

Va u yana Galukoma ga olib keluvchi eng katta xavfdir.

which is just Alzheimer’s disease of the eye.

Galukoma bu huddi ko'zning Alzgeymer kasalligiday.

And of course, when it comes to cognitive effects,

va albatta, ong uchun ta'siri

"use it or lose it" applies,

"ishlat yoki yo'qot" deganday

so you want to stay mentally stimulated.

va shuning uchun siz ongni ishlab turishini hohlaysiz.

But hey, you’re listening to me.

Lekin, siz meni tinglayapsiz

So you’ve got that covered.

demak siz qo'rmasangiz ham bo'ladi.

And one final thing. Wish people like me luck, okay?

Va oxirgisi, menga o'xshagan odamlarga omad tilang, xo'pmi?

Because the clock is ticking for all of us.

chunki hammamiz uchun ham soat, vaqt o'tib borayapti.

Thank you.

Rahmat.