Mohamed Ali: The link between unemployment and terrorism

Prevodilac: Марија Савић Lektor: Ivana Korom

I would like to talk to you about a story

Želim da vam ispričam priču

about a small town kid.

o jednom običnom detetu.

I don't know his name, but I do know his story.

Ne znam mu ime, ali znam njegovu priču.

He lives in a small village in southern Somalia.

Živi u malom selu na jugu Somalije.

His village is near Mogadishu.

Selo je blizu Mogadiša.

Drought drives the small village into poverty

Suša osiromašuje selo

and to the brink of starvation.

i izgladnjuje stanovništvo

With nothing left for him there,

Pošto mu ne preostaje ništa drugo,

he leaves for the big city,

napušta selo i odlazi u grad,

in this case, Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia.

što je, u ovom slučaju, glavni grad Somalije, Mogadišu.

When he arrives, there are no opportunities,

Tamo nema prilika da uspe,

no jobs, no way forward.

nema posla, nema napretka.

He ends up living in a tent city

Na kraju živi u karton-naselju

on the outskirts of Mogadishu.

na periferiji Mogadiša.

Maybe a year passes, nothing.

Prolazi godina, možda, a ništa se ne dešava.

One day, he's approached by a gentleman

Jednog dana mu prilazi gospodin

who offers to take him to lunch,

koji mu nudi da ga odvede na ručak,

then to dinner, to breakfast.

zatim na večeru, na doručak.

He meets this dynamic group of people,

Upoznaje tu dinamičnu grupu ljudi,

and they give him a break.

i oni mu nude šansu.

He's given a bit of money

Daju mu nešto novca

to buy himself some new clothes,

da sebi kupi novu odeću,

money to send back home to his family.

da nešto novca pošalje porodici.

He is introduced to this young woman.

Upoznaju ga sa tom mladom damom.

He eventually gets married.

Na kraju se oženi.

He starts this new life.

Počinje novi život.

He has a purpose in life.

Ima cilj u životu.

One beautiful day in Mogadishu,

Jednog lepog dana u Mogadišu,

under an azure blue sky,

pod azurnoplavim nebom,

a car bomb goes off.

automobil eksplodira.

That small town kid with the big city dreams

To obično dete sa snovima o velikom gradu

was the suicide bomber,

bilo je bombaš samoubica,

and that dynamic group of people

a ta dinamična grupa ljudi

were al Shabaab, a terrorist organization

Al Šabab, teroristička organizacija

linked to al Qaeda.

povezana sa Al Kaidom.

So how does the story of a small town kid

A kako se priča o običnom detetu

just trying to make it big in the city

koje samo pokušava da uspe u velikom gradu

end up with him blowing himself up?

pretvara u priču o njegovom bombaškom napadu?

He was waiting.

Čekao je.

He was waiting for an opportunity,

Čekao je priliku,

waiting to begin his future,

čekao da mu počne budućnost,

waiting for a way forward,

čekao je napredak,

and this was the first thing that came along.

a to je prvo naišlo.

This was the first thing that pulled him out

To ga je prvo trgnulo

of what we call waithood.

iz stanja čekanja.

And his story repeats itself

A njegova priča se ponavlja

in urban centers around the world.

u velikim gradovima širom sveta.

It is the story of the disenfranchised,

To je priča o obespravljenim,

unemployed urban youth

nezaposlenim, urbanim mladim ljudima

who sparks riots in Johannesburg,

koji dižu bune u Johanesburgu,

sparks riots in London,

u Londonu,

who reaches out for something other than waithood.

koji ne žele samo da čekaju.

For young people, the promise of the city,

Mladim ljudima, obećane priče o gradu,

the big city dream is that of opportunity,

san o velikom gradu je san o prilici,

of jobs, of wealth,

o poslu, o blagostanju,

but young people are not sharing in the prosperity of their cities.

ali mladi ne učestvuju u napretku grada.

Often it's youth who suffer from the highest unemployment rates.

Stopa nezaposlenosti je često najviša upravo među mladima.

By 2030, three out of five people living in cities

Do 2030. godine, 3 od 5 ljudi u gradu

will be under the age of 18.

biće mlađe od 18 godina.

If we do not include young people

Ako se mladi ne uključe

in the growth of our cities,

u rast gradova,

if we do not provide them opportunities,

ako im se ne pruže prilike,

the story of waithood,

priča o čekanju,

the gateway to terrorism, to violence, to gangs,

kao uvodu u terorizam, nasilje i bande,

will be the story of cities 2.0.

biće priča o novim gradovima.

And in my city of birth, Mogadishu,

A u mom rodnom gradu, Mogadišu,

70 percent of young people suffer from unemployment.

70% mladih je nezaposleno.

70 percent don't work,

70% ne radi,

don't go to school.

ne ide u školu.

They pretty much do nothing.

Ne rade ništa.

I went back to Mogadishu last month,

Prošlog meseca sam bio u Mogadišu,

and I went to visit Madina Hospital,

i posetio sam bolnicu Madina,

the hospital I was born in.

u kojoj sam rođen.

I remember standing in front of that

Sećam se da sam se zapitao, stojeći

bullet-ridden hospital thinking,

pred bolnicom izrešetanom mecima,

what if I had never left?

šta bi bilo da nikad nisam otišao?

What if I had been forced

Da sam bio primoran

into that same state of waithood?

da nastavim da čekam?

Would I have become a terrorist?

Da li bih postao terorista?

I'm not really sure about the answer.

Nisam baš siguran koji je odgovor na to pitanje.

My reason for being in Mogadishu that month

Bio sam u Mogadišu tog meseca

was actually to host

jer sam bio organizator

a youth leadership and entrepreneurship summit.

samita za mlade lidere i preduzetnike.

I brought together about 90 young Somali leaders.

Okupio sam oko 90 mladih lidera Somalije.

We sat down and brainstormed on solutions

Zajedno smo razmišljali o rešenjima

to the biggest challenges facing their city.

za najveće probleme s kojima se njihovi gradovi suočavaju.

One of the young men in the room was Aden.

Jedan od njih je bio i Aden.

He went to university in Mogadishu, graduated.

Studirao je u Mogadišu, diplomirao.

There were no jobs, no opportunities.

Za njega nema posla, nema prilika.

I remember him telling me,

Sećam se da mi je rekao da je,

because he was a college graduate,

zato što je diplomirao,

unemployed, frustrated,

a nezaposlen je i frustriran,

that he was the perfect target for al Shabaab

savršena meta da ga regrutuju Al Šabab

and other terrorist organizations, to be recruited.

i druge terorističke organizacije.

They sought people like him out.

Njima su potrebni ljudi poput njega.

But his story takes a different route.

Ali njegova priča je drugačija.

In Mogadishu, the biggest barrier

Najveća prepreka da u Mogadišu

to getting from point A to point B are the roads.

stignete sa jednog mesta na drugo su putevi.

Twenty-three years of civil war

23-godišnji građanski rat

have completely destroyed the road system,

potpuno je opustošio saobraćajnice,

and a motorbike can be the easiest way

a motocikli su najlakši način

to get around.

za kretanje.

Aden saw an opportunity and seized it.

Adenu se to učinilo kao prilika i iskoristio ju je.

He started a motorbike company.

Osnovao je moto kompaniju.

He began renting out motorbikes

Počeo je da izdaje motocikle

to local residents who couldn't normally afford them.

lokalcima koji ne mogu sebi da ih kupe.

He bought 10 bikes, with the help

Kupio je 10 motocikala, uz pomoć

of family and friends,

porodice i prijatelja,

and his dream is to eventually expand

a san mu je da ih

to several hundred within the next three years.

u sledeće 3 godine ima nekoliko stotina.

How is this story different?

Zašto je njegova priča drugačija?

What makes his story different?

Šta njegovu priču čini drugačijom?

I believe it is his ability to identify

Mislim da je to njegova sposobnost da prepozna

and seize a new opportunity.

i iskoristi novu priliku.

It's entrepreneurship,

To je preduzetništvo,

and I believe entrepreneurship can be

i verujem da preduzetništvo može biti

the most powerful tool against waithood.

najmoćnije oružje u borbi protiv čekanja.

It empowers young people

Ono mladima daje šansu

to be the creators of the very economic opportunities

da sebi stvore ekonomske prilike

they are so desperately seeking.

koje tako očajnički čekaju.

And you can train young people to be entrepreneurs.

I oni se mogu obučiti da postanu preduzetnici.

I want to talk to you about a young man

Želim da vam ispričam priču o mladom čoveku

who attended one of my meetings,

koji je prisustvovao mom izlaganju,

Mohamed Mohamoud, a florist.

Mohamedu Mohamudu, cvećaru.

He was helping me train some of the young people

Pomagao mi je u obučavanju mladih ljudi

at the summit in entrepreneurship

na samitu o preduzetništvu

and how to be innovative

i kako biti inovativan

and how to create a culture of entrepreneurship.

i kako stvoriti kulturu preduzetništva.

He's actually the first florist Mogadishu has seen

U stvari, on je prvi cvećar u Mogadišu

in over 22 years,

posle više od 22 godine,

and until recently, until Mohamed came along,

i donedavno, dok se Mohamed nije pojavio,

if you wanted flowers at your wedding,

ako ste hteli cveće na venčanju,

you used plastic bouquets

koristili biste plastične aranžmane

shipped from abroad.

iz inostranstva.

If you asked someone,

Da ste nekoga pitali:

"When was the last time you saw fresh flowers?"

„Kada si poslednji put video sveže cveće?“,

for many who grew up under civil war,

oni koji su odrastali u građanskom ratu

the answer would be, "Never."

odgovorili bi: „Nikad“.

So Mohamed saw an opportunity.

Tako je Mohamed video priliku.

He started a landscaping and design floral company.

Osnovao je pejzažnu i dizajnersku cvećarsku kompaniju.

He created a farm right outside of Mogadishu,

Napravio je farmu tik uz Mogadišu,

and started growing tulips and lilies,

i počeo uzgajati lale i ljiljane,

which he said could survive

jer, kako kaže, mogu da prežive

the harsh Mogadishu climate.

okrutnu klimu u Mogadišu.

And he began delivering flowers to weddings,

I počeo je da isporučuje cveće za venčanja,

creating gardens at homes

da pravi bašte za domove

and businesses around the city,

i firme po gradu,

and he's now working on creating

a trenutno radi na otvaranju

Mogadishu's first public park in 22 years.

prvog javnog parka u Mogadišu posle 22 godine.

There's no public park in Mogadishu.

U Mogadišu nema javnih parkova.

He wants to create a space where families,

Želi da napravi prostor u kome će porodice

young people, can come together,

i mladi moći da se okupljaju

and, as he says, smell the proverbial roses.

i, kako kaže, mirišu čuvene ruže.

And he doesn't grow roses because

A, uzgred, on ruže ne uzgaja jer

they use too much water, by the way.

njima treba mnogo vode.

So the first step is to inspire young people,

Prvi korak je, dakle, inspirisati mlade,

and in that room, Mohamed's presence

a tu je Mohamed

had a really profound impact on the youth in that room.

izuzetno uticao na mlade u prostoriji.

They had never really thought about starting up a business.

Nikada im nije palo na pamet da osnuju svoj biznis.

They've thought about working for an NGO,

Razmišljali su o radu za NVO,

working for the government,

za vladu,

but his story, his innovation,

ali njegova priča, njegova inovativnost,

really had a strong impact on them.

doista su snažno uticali na njih.

He forced them to look at their city

Naveo ih je da svoje gradove

as a place of opportunity.

posmatraju kao izvor prilika.

He empowered them to believe that they could be entrepreneurs,

Uverio ih je da mogu biti preduzetnici,

that they could be change makers.

da mogu pokrenuti promene.

By the end of the day, they were coming up

Do kraja predavanja, već su imali

with innovative solutions

inovativna rešenja

to some of the biggest challenges facing their city.

za neke od izazova s kojima im se gradovi suočavaju.

They came up with entrepreneurial solutions

Smišljali su preduzetnička rešenja

to local problems.

za lokalne probleme.

So inspiring young people

Zbog toga je inspirisanje mladih

and creating a culture of entrepreneurship

i stvaranje kulture preduzetništva

is a really great step,

zaista krupan korak,

but young people need capital

ali mladima su potrebna sredstva

to make their ideas a reality.

za pretvaranje ideja u stvarnost.

They need expertise and mentorship

Potrebni su im stručnost i mentorstvo

to guide them in developing and launching their businesses.

da ih vode kroz razvoj i pokretanje poslova.

Connect young people with the resources they need,

Povežite mlade sa resursima koji su im potrebni,

provide them the support they need to go from ideation to creation,

dajte im podršku potrebnu za delanje,

and you will create catalysts for urban growth.

i stvorićete katalizator urbanog napretka.

For me, entrepreneurship is more than just

Meni je preduzetništvo više

starting up a business.

od običnog pokretanja biznisa.

It's about creating a social impact.

Ono znači stvaranje uticaja na društvo.

Mohamed is not simply selling flowers.

Mohamed ne prodaje samo cveće.

I believe he is selling hope.

Smatram da on prodaje i nadu.

His Peace Park, and that's what he calls it,

Njegov Park mira, a tako ga naziva,

when it's created, will actually transform

kada ga otvori, u stvari će promeniti

the way people see their city.

to kako ljudi poimaju svoj grad.

Aden hired street kids to help rent out

Aden je angažovao decu sa ulice da mu pomažu

and maintain those bikes for him.

da izdaje i održava motocikle.

He gave them the opportunity to escape

Dao im je priliku da pobegnu

the paralysis of waithood.

iz parališućeg čekanja.

These young entrepreneurs are having

Ti mladi preduzetnici ostvaruju

a tremendous impact in their cities.

ogroman uticaj u svojim gradovima.

So my suggestion is,

Zato je moj predlog

turn youth into entrepreneurs,

da se mladi pretvore u preduzetnike,

incubate and nurture their inherent innovation,

da se njihova urođena inovativnost održava i podržava,

and you will have more stories of flowers and Peace Parks

da bismo imali više sličnih priča o cveću i Parkovima mira,

than of car bombs and waithood.

nego o bombašima samoubicama i čekanju.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)