Sheryl WuDunn: Our century's greatest injustice

Prevodilac: Sandra Gojic Lektor: Stevan Radanovic

The global challenge that I want to talk to you about today

Globalni izazov o kojem želim da vam govorim danas

rarely makes the front pages.

retko kada dospeva na naslovnu stranu.

It, however, is enormous

A opet, to je ogromno

in both scale and importance.

u oba smisla, obimu i značaju.

Look, you all are very well traveled;

Vidite, svi ste vi sigurno dosta proputovali,

this is TEDGlobal after all.

ipak je ovo TEDGlobal.

But I do hope to take you to some places

Ali se nadam da ću vas odvesti na neka mesta

you've never been to before.

na kojima nikada ranije niste bili.

So, let's start off in China.

Dakle, hajde da počnemo u Kini.

This photo was taken two weeks ago.

Ova fotografija je napravljena pre dve nedelje.

Actually, one indication is that little boy on my husband's shoulders

Zapravo, jedna pretpostavka u vezi sa dečakom na ramenima moga muža,

has just graduated from high school.

jeste da se radi o dečaku koji je završio srednju školu.

(Laughter)

( smeh )

But this is Tiananmen Square.

Ali ovo na trgu Tjenanmen.

Many of you have been there. It's not the real China.

Mnogi od vas su bili tamo. To nije prava Kina.

Let me take you to the real China.

Dozvolite mi da vas odvedem u pravu Kinu.

This is in the Dabian Mountains

Ovo je u Dabijan planinama,

in the remote part of Hubei province in central China.

u udaljenom delu Hjubej provincije u centralnoj Kini.

Dai Manju is 13 years old at the time the story starts.

Daj Manđu je imala 13 godina u trenutku kada priča počinje.

She lives with her parents,

Živi sa svojim roditeljima,

her two brothers and her great-aunt.

dva brata i baba-tetkom.

They have a hut that has no electricity,

Imaju kolibu bez struje,

no running water,

tekuće vode,

no wristwatch, no bicycle.

bez sata, bicikla.

And they share this great splendor

I dele ovu raskoš

with a very large pig.

sa veoma velikom svinjom.

Dai Manju was in sixth grade when her parents said,

Daj Manđu je bila u šestom razredu kada su joj roditelji rekli:

"We're going to pull you out of school

"Ispisaćemo te iz škole

because the 13-dollar school fees are too much for us.

jer je školarina od 13 dolara previše za nas.

You're going to be spending the rest of your life in the rice paddies.

Ostatak svog života provešćeš na poljima riže.

Why would we waste this money on you?"

Zašto bismo trošili ovaj novac na tebe?"

This is what happens to girls in remote areas.

To se dešava devojčicama u udaljenim područjima.

Turns out that Dai Manju was

Ispostavilo se da je Daj Manđu

the best pupil in her grade.

bila najbolji učenik u svom razredu.

She still made the two-hour trek to the schoolhouse

I dalje je hodala dva sata do škole

and tried to catch every little bit of information

i pokušavala da uhvati svaku informaciju

that seeped out of the doors.

koja je prodirala kroz vrata.

We wrote about her in The New York Times.

Pisali smo o njoj u Njujork Tajmsu.

We got a flood of donations --

Dobili smo pregršt donacija -

mostly 13-dollar checks

uglavnom čekove na 13 dolara,

because New York Times readers are very generous

zato što su čitaoci Njujork Tajmsa vrlo darežljivi

in tiny amounts

u malim iznosima.

(Laughter)

( smeh )

but then, we got a money transfer

Ali onda smo dobili donaciju

for $10,000 --

od 10 000 dolara -

really nice guy.

stvarno fin momak.

We turned the money over to that man there, the principal of the school.

Predali smo novac direktoru škole.

He was delighted.

Bio je oduševljen.

He thought, "Oh, I can renovate the school.

Pomislio je: "Oh, mogu da renoviram školu.

I can give scholarships to all the girls,

Mogu da dam stipendije svim devojčicama."

you know, if they work hard and stay in school.

Znate, ako rade naporno i ostanu u školi.

So Dai Manju basically

Dakle Daj Manđu je u stvari

finished out middle school.

završila osnovnu školu.

She went to high school.

Krenula je u srednju školu.

She went to vocational school for accounting.

Pohađala je stručnu školu za računovodstvo.

She scouted for jobs down in Guangdong province in the south.

Tražila je posao na jugu, u Guangdong provinciji.

She found a job, she scouted for jobs

Našla je posao, tražila je poslove

for her classmates and her friends.

za ljude iz razreda i svoje prijatelje.

She sent money back to her family.

Slala je novac svojoj porodici.

They built a new house,

Izgradili su novu kuću,

this time with running water,

ovog puta sa tekućom vodom,

electricity, a bicycle,

strujom, biciklom,

no pig.

bez svinje.

What we saw was a natural experiment.

Ovo što smo videli je bio prirodni eksperiment.

It is rare to get an exogenous investment

Retko se dobija spoljna donacija

in girls' education.

za obrazovanje devojčica.

And over the years, as we followed Dai Manju, we were able to see

I tokom godina, prateći Daj Manđu, mogli smo da vidimo

that she was able to move out of a vicious cycle

kako je bila u stanju da pređe iz mučeničkog kruga

and into a virtuous cycle.

u dobročiniteljski.

She not only changed her own dynamic,

Ona nije promenila samo svoju dinamiku,

she changed her household, she changed her family, her village.

već i svoje domaćinstvo, porodicu, selo.

The village became a real standout.

Selo je postalo prepoznatljivo.

Of course, most of China was flourishing at the time,

Naravno, Kina je u to vreme cvetala,

but they were able to get a road built

ali su oni uspeli da izgrade put

to link them up to the rest of China.

koji ih povezuje sa ostatkom Kine.

And that brings me to my first major

I to me dovodi do mog prvog velikog

of two tenets of "Half the Sky."

od dva principa u "Polovina Neba".

And that is that

A to je da

the central moral challenge

je centralni moralni izazov

of this century

ovog stoleća

is gender inequity.

rodna neravnopravnost.

In the 19th century, it was slavery.

U 19. veku, to je bilo ropstvo.

In the 20th century, it was totalitarianism.

U 20., totalitarizam.

The cause of our time

Problem našeg vremena

is the brutality that so many people

jeste brutalnost sa kojom se toliko ljudi

face around the world because of their gender.

širom sveta susreće, zbog svog roda.

So some of you may be thinking,

Neki od vas mogu pomisliti:

"Gosh, that's hyperbole.

"Bože, to je hiperbola.

She's exaggerating."

Preteruje."

Well, let me ask you this question.

Pa, hajde da vas pitam sledeće.

How many of you think there are more males or more females in the world?

Koliko vas misli da ima više muškaraca nego žena na svetu?

Let me take a poll. How many of you think there are more males in the world?

Hajde da sprovedem anketu. Koliko vas misli da na svetu ima više muškaraca?

Hands up, please.

Podignite ruke, molim.

How many of you think -- a few -- how many of you there are more females in the world?

Koliko vas misli - nekoliko - koliko vas misli da ima više žena na svetu?

Okay, most of you.

Okej, većina vas.

Well, you know this latter group, you're wrong.

Pa, znate, ova druga grupa, niste u pravu.

There are, true enough,

Zapravo, istinu govoreći,

in Europe and the West,

u Evropi i na Zapadu,

when women and men

gde muškarci i žene

have equal access to food and health care,

imaju ravnopravan pristup hrani i zdravstvu,

there are more women, we live longer.

tada ima više žena nego muškaraca, živimo duže.

But in most of the rest of the world, that's not the case.

Ali u većini ostatka sveta, to nije slučaj.

In fact, demographers have shown

U stvari, demografi su pokazali

that there are anywhere between 60 million

da postoji između 60

and 100 million

i 100 miliona

missing females in the current population.

nestalih žena u trenutnoj populaciji.

And, you know, it happens for several reasons.

I, znate, to se dogodilo iz nekoliko razloga.

For instance, in the last half-century,

Na primer, u poslednjih pola veka,

more girls were discriminated to death

više je devojaka diskriminisano do smrti

than all the people killed on all the battlefields

nego što je ljudi poginulo na svim ratištima,

in the 20th century.

u 20. veku.

Sometimes it's also because of the sonogram.

Ponekad je i zbog sonograma.

Girls get aborted before they're even born

Devojčice se abortiraju pre nego što su rođene

when there are scarce resources.

u situacijama kada nema dovoljno resursa.

This girl here, for instance,

Ova devojčica, na primer

is in a feeding center in Ethiopia.

je u centru za ishranu u Etiopiji.

The entire center was filled with girls like her.

Čitav centar je bio ispunjen devojčicama poput nje.

What's remarkable is that her brothers, in the same family,

Ono što je zapanjujuće, njena braća, iz iste porodice,

were totally fine.

su bila potpuno u redu.

In India, in the first year of life,

U Indiji, tokom prve godine života,

from zero to one,

dakle od nula do jedan,

boy and girl babies basically survive at the same rate

broj preživelih muških i ženskih beba u suštini je isti

because they depend upon the breast,

jer one zavise od dojenja,

and the breast shows no son preference.

a dojenje ne pokazuje preferencije prema sinovima.

From one to five,

Od prve do pete,

girls die at a 50 percent higher mortality rate

50 posto više devojčica od dečaka

than boys, in all of India.

umre, u čitavoj Indiji.

The second tenet of "Half the Sky"

Druga poruka u "Polovini neba" je,

is that, let's put aside the morality of all the right and wrong of it all,

hajde da stavimo sa strane moralnost svega ispravnog i pogrešnog ovde.

and just on a purely practical level,

I samo na praktičnom nivou,

we think that

da razmislimo o tome

one of the best ways to fight poverty and to fight terrorism

da je jedan od najbojih načina borbe protiv siromaštva i terorizma

is to educate girls

obrazovanje devojčica

and to bring women into the formal labor force.

i formalno zapošljavanje žena.

Poverty, for instance.

Siromaštvo, na primer.

There are three reasons why this is the case.

Postoje tri razloga zbog čega se ovo dešava.

For one, overpopulation is one of

Pod jedan, prevelika populacija je jedan

the persistent causes of poverty.

od stalnih uzroka siromaštva.

And you know, when you educate a boy,

I znate, kada obrazujete dečaka,

his family tends to have fewer kids,

njegova porodica rađa manje dece,

but only slightly.

ali samo neznatno manje.

When you educate a girl,

Kada obrazujete devojčicu,

she tends to have significantly fewer kids.

rađaju značajno manje dece.

The second reason is

Drugi razlog je u

it has to do with spending.

vezi sa trošenjem.

It's kind of like the dirty, little secret of poverty,

To je na neki način prljava, mala tajna siromaštva,

which is that,

a to je da

not only do poor people

ne samo da siromašni ljudi

take in very little income,

zarađuju malo,

but also, the income that they take in,

već i da to što zarade,

they don't spend it very wisely,

ne potroše mudro.

and unfortunately, most of that spending is done by men.

I na nesreću, većinu toga potroše muškarci.

So research has shown,

Istraživanje je pokazalo,

if you look at people who live under two dollars a day --

ako pogledate ljude koji žive sa ispod dva dolara dnevno -

one metric of poverty --

jedno merilo siromaštva -

two percent of that take-home pay

dva posto od ovog dohotka

goes to this basket here, in education.

ode u ovu korpu ovde, obrazovanje.

20 percent goes to a basket that is a combination of

20 posto ode u kategoriju koja je kombinacija

alcohol, tobacco, sugary drinks --

alkohola, duvana, slatkih pića

and prostitution and festivals.

i prostitucije i festivala.

If you just take four percentage points

Ako oduzmete samo četiri odsto

and put it into this basket,

i stavite ih u ovu kategoriju,

you would have a transformative effect.

imaćete efekat transformacije.

The last reason has to do

Poslednji razlog je u vezi sa tim

with women being part of the solution, not the problem.

da su žene deo rešenja, a ne problem.

You need to use scarce resources.

Morate da koristite retke resurse.

It's a waste of resources if you don't use someone like Dai Manju.

Ako ne iskoristite nekoga poput Daj Manđu, to je gubljenje resursa.

Bill Gates put it very well

Bil Gejts je to odlično postavio

when he was traveling through Saudi Arabia.

na svom putovanju kroz Saudijsku Arabiju.

He was speaking to an audience much like yourselves.

Govorio je pred publikom sličnoj vama.

However, two-thirds of the way there was a barrier.

Međutim, na drugoj trećini puta, naišao je na prepreku.

On this side was men,

Ovde su bili muškarci,

and then the barrier, and this side was women.

onda prepreka, a sa ove strane žene.

And someone from this side of the room got up and said,

I neko sa ove strane sobe je ustao i rekao,

"Mr. Gates, we have here as our goal in Saudi Arabia

"Gospodine Gejts, naš cilj ovde u Saudijskoj Arabiji

to be one of the top 10 countries

je da budemo među prvih 10 zemalja

when it comes to technology.

kada je u pitanju tehnologija.

Do you think we'll make it?"

Hoćemo li uspeti?"

So Bill Gates, as he was staring out at the audience, he said,

I Bil Gejts, gledajući u publiku, reče,

"If you're not fully utilizing half the resources in your country,

"Ako u potpunosti ne koristite polovinu svojih resursa u državi,

there is no way you will get anywhere near the top 10."

nema šanse ni da ćete se približiti prvih 10."

So here is Bill of Arabia.

Dakle, evo ga Bil od Arabije.

(Laughter)

( smeh )

So what would some of the specific challenges

Dakle, kako bi neki od specifičnih izazova

look like?

izgledali?

I would say, on the top of the agenda

Rekla bih, na vrhu liste

is sex trafficking.

je trgovina belim robljem.

And I'll just say two things about this.

I reći ću samo dve stvari u vezi sa ovim.

The slavery at the peak of the slave trade

Ropstvo na vrhuncu trgovine robljem

in the 1780s:

tokom 1780-ih:

there were about 80,000 slaves

postojalo je oko 80 000 robova,

transported from Africa to the New World.

prebačenih iz Afrike u Novi Svet.

Now, modern slavery:

Sada, moderno ropstvo:

according to State Department rough statistics,

prema grubim procenama Stejt Departmenta,

there are about 800,000 -- 10 times the number --

postoji oko 800 000 - 10 puta više -

that are trafficked across international borders.

kojima je trgovano preko internacinalnih granica.

And that does not even include those

A to čak i ne uključuje one

that are trafficked within country borders,

kojiima je trgovano unutar državnih granica,

which is a substantial portion.

što je ključna tačka.

And if you look at

I ako pogledate

another factor, another contrast,

još jedan faktor, još jedan kontrast,

a slave back then is worth

rob iz prošlosti vredi oko

about $40,000

40 000 dolara

in today's money.

u današnjoj vrednosti.

Today, you can buy a girl trafficked

Danas možete da kupite devojčicu

for a few hundred dollars,

za nekoliko stotina dolara,

which means she's actually more disposable.

što znači da je ona više za jednokratnu upotrebu.

But you know, there is progress being made

Ali znate, napredak se dešava

in places like Cambodia and Thailand.

u mestima poput Kambodže i Tajlanda.

We don't have to expect a world

Ne moramo da očekujemo svet

where girls are bought and sold or killed.

u kojem se devojke kupuju, prodaju ili ubijaju.

The second item on the agenda

Druga na listi jeste

is maternal mortality.

smrtnost majki.

You know, childbirth in this part of the world

Znate, rođenje deteta u ovom delu sveta

is a wonderful event.

jeste divan događaj.

In Niger, one in seven women

U Nigeru, jedna od sedam žena

can expect to die during childbirth.

može da očekuje da umre tokom porođaja.

Around the world,

Širom sveta,

one woman dies every minute and a half from childbirth.

jedna žena umre svakog minuta i po tokom porođaja.

You know, it's not as though

Znate, nije teško

we don't have the technological solution,

zbog toga što nemamo tehnološko rešenje,

but these women have three strikes against them:

već ove žene imaju tri udara:

they are poor, they are rural

siromašne su, nerazvijene

and they are female.

i žene su.

You know, for every woman who does die,

Znate, za svaku ženu koja zaista umre,

there are 20 who survive

20 žena preživi

but end up with an injury.

ali završe sa povredom.

And the most devastating injury

A najrazornija povreda

is obstetric fistula.

je akušerska fistula.

It's a tearing during obstructed labor

To je cepanje prilikom porođaja

that leaves a woman incontinent.

koje ostavlja ženu nesposobnom da se kontroliše.

Let me tell you about Mahabuba.

Dozvolite mi da vam predstavim Mahabubu.

She lives in Ethiopia.

Ona živi u Etijopiji.

She was married against her will at age 13.

Udali su je protiv njene volje u 13. godini.

She got pregnant, ran to the bush to have the baby,

Zatrudnela je, porodila se u žbunju,

but you know, her body was very immature,

ali znate, njeno telo je bilo vrlo nezrelo,

and she ended up having obstructed labor.

i završila je sa neprirodnim porođajem.

The baby died, and she ended up with a fistula.

Beba je umrla, a ona je završila sa fistulom.

So that meant she was incontinent;

Dakle to znači da je ona inkontinentna,

she couldn't control her wastes.

nije mogla da kontroliše svoje funkcije izlučivanja.

In a word, she stank.

Jednom rečju, smrdela je.

The villagers thought she was cursed; they didn't know what to do with her.

Stanovnici sela su mislili da je ukleta, nisu znali šta da rade sa njom.

So finally, they put her at the edge of the village in a hut.

Naposletku, stavili su je na kraj sela u straćaru.

They ripped off the door

Strgli su vrata

so that the hyenas would get her at night.

kako bi je hijene pojele tokom noći.

That night, there was a stick in the hut.

Te noći, bio je štap u straćari.

She fought off the hyenas with that stick.

Borila se sa hijenama tim štapom.

And the next morning,

I sledećeg jutra,

she knew if she could get to a nearby village where there was a foreign missionary,

znala je da ukoliko stigne do sledećeg sela gde postoje strani misionari,

she would be saved.

biće spašena.

Because she had some damage to her nerves,

Pošto je imala oštećenje nerava,

she crawled all the way -- 30 miles --

puzala je čitavim putem - 30 milja -

to that doorstep, half dead.

do tog praga, polu mrtva.

The foreign missionary opened the door,

Strani misionari su otvorili vrata,

knew exactly what had happened,

znajući šta se dogodilo,

took her to a nearby fistula hospital in Addis Ababa,

odveli je u obližnju bolnicu za fistule u Adis Abebi,

and she was repaired

gde su je operisali

with a 350-dollar operation.

operacijom od 350 dolara.

The doctors and nurses there noticed

Doktori i sestre su primetili

that she was not only a survivor,

da ona nije samo osoba sposobna da preživi,

she was really clever, and they made her a nurse.

bila je vrlo pametna i postala je medicinska sestra.

So now, Mahabuba,

Dakle, sada, Mahabuba,

she is saving the lives

spašava živote

of hundreds, thousands, of women.

stotinama, hiljadama žena.

She has become part of the solution, not the problem.

Postala je deo rešenja, ne problem.

She's moved out of a vicious cycle

Pomerila se iz mučeničkog kruga,

and into a virtuous cycle.

u dobročiniteljski.

I've talked about some of the challenges,

Govorila sam o nekim izazovima,

let me talk about some of the solutions,

hajde da govorim o nekim rešenjima,

and there are predictable solutions.

a to su predvidljiva rešenja.

I've hinted at them: education

Ukazala sam na njih: obrazovanje

and also economic opportunity.

i ekonomske prilike.

So of course, when you educate a girl,

Naravno, kada obrazujete devojčicu,

she tends to get married later on in life,

ona ima tendenciju da se kasnije uda,

she tends to have kids later on in life, she tends to have fewer kids,

da ima decu kasnije, da ima manje dece,

and those kids that she does have,

ali da one koje rodi,

she educates them in a more enlightened fashion.

obrazuje na više prosvetljeni način.

With economic opportunity,

Sa ekonomskim prilikama,

it can be transformative.

stvari mogu da se menjaju.

Let me tell you about Saima.

Da vam predstavim Saimu.

She lives in a small village outside Lahore, Pakistan.

Živi u malom selu izvan Lahore, Pakistan.

And at the time, she was miserable.

I u to vreme, bila je očajna.

She was beaten every single day

Svakog dana ju je tukao muž

by her husband, who was unemployed.

koji nije radio.

He was kind of a gambler type -- and unemployable, therefore --

Bio je kockarski tip - i nesposoban za rad, samim tim -

and took his frustrations out on her.

i svoju frustraciju je iskaljivao na njoj.

Well, when she had her second daughter,

Pa, kada je rodila drugu ćerku,

her mother in-law told her son,

njena svekrva je rekla njenom sinu,

"I think you'd better get a second wife.

"Mislim da je bolje da nađeš drugu ženu,

Saima's not going to produce you a son."

Saima ti neće roditi sina."

This is when she had her second daughter.

To se desilo kada je rodila drugu ćerku.

At the time, there was

U to vreme, postojala je

a microlending group in the village

grupa u selu za mikropozajmice

that gave her a 65-dollar loan.

koja joj je dala zajam od 65 dolara.

Saima took that money,

Saima je uzela taj novac,

and she started an embroidery business.

i počela posao sa vezom.

The merchants liked her embroidery; it sold very well,

Trgovcima se njen vez dopadao, lako se prodavao,

and they kept asking for more.

i stalno su tražili još.

And when she couldn't produce enough,

A kada nije mogla da proizvede dovoljno,

she hired other women in the village.

zaposlila je žene iz sela.

Pretty soon she had 30 women in the village

Ubrzo je imala 30 žena u selu

working for her embroidery business.

koje su radile vez.

And then,

I onda,

when she had to transport all of the embroidery goods

kada je morala da preveze sve proizvode

from the village to the marketplace,

od sela do pijace,

she needed someone to help her do the transport,

bila joj je potrebna pomoć oko transporta,

so she hired her husband.

pa je zaposlila svog muža.

So now they're in it together.

I sada su u tom poslu zajedno.

He does the transportation and distribution,

On radi prevoz i distribuciju,

and she does the production and sourcing.

a ona proizvodnju i nabavku.

And now they have a third daughter,

I sada imaju treću ćerku,

and the daughters, all of them, are being tutored in education

i ćerke, sve tri, idu u školu

because Saima knows what's really important.

jer Saima zna šta je stvarno važno.

Which brings me to the final element, which is education.

Što me dovodi do poslednjeg elementa, a to je obrazovanje.

Larry Summers, when he was chief economist at the World Bank,

Leri Samers, dok je bio glavni ekonomista u Svetskoj Banci,

once said that, "It may well be

jednom prilikom je rekao: "Može biti

that the highest return on investment

da najveći povraćaj uloženog novca

in the developing world

u zemljama u razvoju

is in girls' education."

dolazi od obrazovanja devojčica."

Let me tell you about Beatrice Biira.

Dozvolite mi da vam pričam o Beatris Bira.

Beatrice was living in Uganda

Beatris je živela u Ugandi

near the Congo border,

blizu granice sa Kongom,

and like Dai Manju, she didn't go to school.

i poput Daj Manđu, nije išla u školu,

Actually, she had never been to school,

Zapravo, ona nikada nije išla u školu,

not to a lick, one day.

ni na tren, ni na dan.

Her parents, again, said,

Njeni roditelji su rekli, opet:

"Why should we spend the money on her?

"Zašto bismo trošili novac na nju?

She's going to spend most of her life lugging water back and forth."

Veći deo svog života provešće noseći vodu."

Well, it just so happens, at that time,

Pa, igrom slučaja je u to vreme

there was a group in Connecticut

postojala grupa u Konektikatu

called the Niantic Community Church Group in Connecticut.

zvana Najantik Komjuniti Čurč Grup u Konektitaku.

They made a donation to an organization

Donirali su novac organizaciji

based in Arkansas

lociranoj u Arkanzasu

called Heifer International.

zvanoj Hejfer Internacional.

Heifer sent two goats to Africa.

Hejfer je poslala dve koze u Afriku.

One of them ended up with Beatrice's parents,

Jedna od njih je završila kod Beatrisinih roditelja.

and that goat had twins.

I koza je dobila bliznakinje.

The twins started producing milk.

One su proizvodile mleko.

They sold the milk for cash.

Prodavali su mleko za novac.

The cash started accumulating,

Novac je počeo da se nagomilava,

and pretty soon the parents said,

i vrlo brzo roditelji su rekli:

"You know, we've got enough money. Let's send Beatrice to school."

"Znate, imamo dovoljno novca. Hajde da pošaljemo Beatris u školu."

So at nine years of age,

I tako je u devetoj godini,

Beatrice started in first grade --

Beatris krenula u prvi razred -

after all, she'd never been to a lick of school --

ipak nikada nije bila ni blizu školi -

with a six year-old.

zajedno sa šestogodišnjacima.

No matter, she was just delighted to be in school.

Nije bilo bitno, bila je jednostavno oduševljena što je u školi.

She rocketed to the top of her class.

Popela se na vrh svog razreda.

She stayed at the top of her class

Ostala je na vrhu

through elementary school, middle school,

kroz osnovnu,

and then in high school,

a kasnije i srednju školu,

she scored brilliantly on the national examinations

briljirala je na državnim ispitima,

so that she became the first person in her village,

i postala je prva osoba iz njenog sela,

ever, to come to the United States

ikada, koja je došla u Sjedinjene Države,

on scholarship.

zahvaljujući stipendiji.

Two years ago,

Pre dve godine,

she graduated from Connecticut College.

dilpomirala je na Konektikat Koledžu,

On the day of her graduation,

Na dan diplomiranja,

she said, "I am the luckiest girl alive

rekla je: "Ja sam najsrećnija devojka na svetu,

because of a goat."

zbog koze."

(Laughter)

( smeh )

And that goat was $120.

A koza je koštala 120 dolara.

So you see how transformative

Dakle vidite kako mali koraci

little bits of help can be.

pomoći mogu da promene stvari.

But I want to give you a reality check.

Ali želim da vas podsetim na realnost.

Look: U.S. aid, helping people is not easy,

Pogledajte: USAID, "Pomoć SAD-a" , pomaganje ljudima nije lako.

and there have been books that have criticized U.S. aid.

I izdate su knjige koje su kritikovale USAID.

There's Bill Easterly's book.

Postoji knjiga Bil Isterlija.

There's a book called "Dead Aid."

Knjiga se zove "Mrtva pomoć".

You know, the criticism is fair;

Znate, kritika je ispravna,

it isn't easy.

nije lako.

You know, people say how

Znate, ljudi su videli kako

half of all water well projects, a year later, are failed.

polovina svih projekata za čistu vodu godinu dana kasnije propada.

When I was in Zimbabwe,

Kada sam bila u Zimbabveu,

we were touring a place with the village chief --

obilazili smo mesto sa poglavicom -

he wanted to raise money for a secondary school --

hteo je da sakupi novac za srednju školu -

and there was some construction a few yards away,

postojala je neka konstrukcija nedaleko,

and I said, "What's that?"

i ja sam pitala: "Šta je ovo?"

He sort of mumbled.

Promrmljao je nešto.

Turns out that it's a failed irrigation project.

Ispostavilo se da je to neuspeli projekat navodnjavanja.

A few yards away was a failed chicken coop.

Nekoliko metara dalje bio je neuspeli kokošinjac.

One year, all the chickens died, and no one wanted to put the chickens in there.

Godina je prošla, sve su kokoške uginule, a niko nije hteo da stavi kokoške unutra.

It's true, but we think that you don't through the baby out with the bathwater;

Isitna je, ali mislimo da se prvi mačići u vodu bacaju

you actually improve.

i da će to popraviti stvari.

You learn from your mistakes, and you continuously improve.

Učite iz svojih grešaka, i nastavljate da napredujete.

We also think that individuals

Takođe mislimo da individue

can make a difference, and they should,

mogu promeniti stvari, i trebalo bi,

because individuals, together,

jer pojedinci, zajedno,

we can all help create a movement.

svi možemo da pomognemo u stvaranju inicijative.

And a movement of men and women

A inicijativa muškaraca i žena

is what's needed to bring about social change,

je ono što nam treba za socijalnu promenu,

change that will address

promenu koja će ukazati

this great moral challenge.

na ovaj veliki moralni izazov.

So then, I ask,

I onda, pitam vas,

what's in it for you?

šta vi imate od toga?

You're probably asking that. Why should you care?

Verovatno se to pitate. Zašto bi vam bilo bitno?

I will just leave you with two things.

Ostaviću vas sa dve stvari.

One is that research shows

Jedna je da istraživanje pokazuje

that once you have

da jednom kada su

all of your material needs taken care of --

vaše materijalne potrebe zadovoljene -

which most of us, all of us, here in this room do --

a većini nas ovde jesu -

research shows that

istraživanje pokazuje da

there are very few things in life

postoji par stvari u životu

that can actually elevate your level of happiness.

koje mogu da podignu nivo vaše sreće.

One of those things

Jedna od tih stvari

is contributing to a cause larger than yourself.

jeste doprinos uzroku većem od vas samih.

And the second thing,

A druga stvar.

it's an anecdote that I'll leave you with.

To je anegdota sa kojom ću vas ostaviti.

And that is the story

A to je priča o

of an aid worker in Darfur.

medicinskom radniku u Darfuru.

Here was a woman

radi se o ženi

who had worked in Darfur,

koja je radila u Darfuru

seeing things that no human being should see.

gledajući stvari koje ni jedno ljudsko biće ne treba da vidi.

Throughout her time there,

Tokom tog vremena,

she was strong, she was steadfast.

bila je jaka, nepokolebljiva.

She never broke down.

Nikada se nije slomila.

And then she came back to the United States

A onda se vratila u Ameriku

and was on break, Christmas break.

na odmor, Božićni praznici.

She was in her grandmother's backyard,

Bila je u dvorištu svoje bake.

and she saw something that made her break down in tears.

i videla nešto što ju je slomilo do suza.

What that was

Videla je

was a bird feeder.

hranilicu za ptice.

And she realized that she had the great fortune

I shvatila je kako je imala veliku sreću

to be born in a country

da se rodi u zemlji

where we take security for granted,

gde uzimamo sigurnost zdravo za gotovo,

where we not only can feed, clothe

gde ne samo da možemo da hranimo, oblačimo

and house ourselves,

i skućimo se,

but also provide for wild birds

već i da obezbedimo to divljim pticama

so they don't go hungry in the winter.

kako ne bi ogladnele tokom zime.

And she realized that with that great fortune

I shvatila je da sa toliko velikom srećom

comes great responsibility.

dolazi i velika odgovornost.

And so, like her,

I tako, poput nje,

you, me,

vi, ja,

we have all won the lottery of life.

svi smo dobitnici životnog lotoa.

And so the question becomes:

I tako se javlja pitanje:

how do we discharge that responsibility?

kako da se oslobodimo odgovornosti?

So, here's the cause.

Dakle, imamo uzrok.

Join the movement.

Pridružite se pokretu.

Feel happier and help save the world.

Budite srećniji i pomozite da se spasi svet.

Thank you very much.

Mnogo vam hvala.

(Applause)

( aplauz )