Sheryl WuDunn: Our century's greatest injustice

Prevoditelj: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

The global challenge that I want to talk to you about today

Globalni izazov o kojem vam danas želim govoriti

rarely makes the front pages.

rijetko dolazi do naslovnica.

It, however, is enormous

On je, kako bilo, ogroman

in both scale and importance.

u obje dimenzije, obujmu i značaju.

Look, you all are very well traveled;

Gledajte, vi svi ste puno proputovali;

this is TEDGlobal after all.

na koncu ovo je ipak TEDGlobal.

But I do hope to take you to some places

Ali ja se nadam kako ću vas odvesti na neka mjesta

you've never been to before.

na kojima prije niste bili.

So, let's start off in China.

Započnimo s Kinom.

This photo was taken two weeks ago.

Ova slika je napravljena prije dva tjedna.

Actually, one indication is that little boy on my husband's shoulders

U stvari, jedna indikacija je što je taj maleni dječak na ramenima moga muža

has just graduated from high school.

upravo maturirao.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

But this is Tiananmen Square.

Ali ovo je Tiananmen trg.

Many of you have been there. It's not the real China.

Mnogi od vas su bili tamo. To nije prava Kina.

Let me take you to the real China.

Dopustite da vas odvedem u pravu Kinu.

This is in the Dabian Mountains

To su Dabian planine

in the remote part of Hubei province in central China.

u udaljenom dijelu Hubei provincije u središnjoj Kini.

Dai Manju is 13 years old at the time the story starts.

Dai Manju ima 13 godina u vrijeme kada priča započinje.

She lives with her parents,

Ona živi sa svojim roditeljima,

her two brothers and her great-aunt.

sa svoja dva brata i sestrom svoga djeda.

They have a hut that has no electricity,

Imaju kolibu bez struje,

no running water,

bez tekuće vode,

no wristwatch, no bicycle.

bez ručnog sata, bez bicikla.

And they share this great splendor

I dijele tu raskoš

with a very large pig.

s jako velikom svinjom.

Dai Manju was in sixth grade when her parents said,

Dai Manju je bila u šestom razredu kada su joj roditelji rekli,

"We're going to pull you out of school

"Izvuči ćemo te iz škole

because the 13-dollar school fees are too much for us.

jer je školarina od 13 dolara previše za nas.

You're going to be spending the rest of your life in the rice paddies.

Provest ćeš ostatak svog života u rižinim poljima.

Why would we waste this money on you?"

Zašto bismo trošili taj novac na tebe?"

This is what happens to girls in remote areas.

To je ono što se događa djevojčicama u udaljenim područjima.

Turns out that Dai Manju was

Ispalo je kako je Dai Manju bila

the best pupil in her grade.

najbolja učenica u razredu.

She still made the two-hour trek to the schoolhouse

I dalje je pravila dvosatni put do školske zgrade

and tried to catch every little bit of information

i pokušala uhvatiti svaki djelić informacije

that seeped out of the doors.

koji je izašao iz vrata.

We wrote about her in The New York Times.

O njoj smo pisali u New York Timesu.

We got a flood of donations --

Dobili smo more donacija --

mostly 13-dollar checks

uglavnom čekovi od 13 dolara,

because New York Times readers are very generous

jer su čitatelji New York Timesa jako darežljivi

in tiny amounts

s malenim iznosima.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

but then, we got a money transfer

Ali onda smo dobili donaciju

for $10,000 --

od 10.000 $ --

really nice guy.

stvarno dobar čovjek.

We turned the money over to that man there, the principal of the school.

Predali smo novac tamošnjem direktoru škole.

He was delighted.

Bio je oduševljen.

He thought, "Oh, I can renovate the school.

Pomislio je, "Mogao bih obnoviti školu.

I can give scholarships to all the girls,

Mogu dati stipendiju za sve djevojčice."

you know, if they work hard and stay in school.

Znate, ako rade naporno i ostanu u školi.

So Dai Manju basically

Tako je Dai Manju u osnovi

finished out middle school.

završila osnovnu školu.

She went to high school.

Otišla je u srednju školu.

She went to vocational school for accounting.

Otišla je u strukovnu školu za računovodstvo.

She scouted for jobs down in Guangdong province in the south.

Tražila je posao dolje u Guangdong provinciji na jugu.

She found a job, she scouted for jobs

Pronašla je posao, tražila je poslove

for her classmates and her friends.

za ljude iz svoga razreda i prijatelje.

She sent money back to her family.

Slala je novac nazad svojoj obitelji.

They built a new house,

Oni su sagradili novu kuću,

this time with running water,

ovaj puta s tekućom vodom,

electricity, a bicycle,

strujom, biciklom,

no pig.

bez svinje.

What we saw was a natural experiment.

Ono što smo vidjeli jest prirodan eksperiment.

It is rare to get an exogenous investment

Rijetko dobijete vanjsku investiciju

in girls' education.

za obrazovanje djevojčica.

And over the years, as we followed Dai Manju, we were able to see

I kroz godine, dok smo pratili Dai Manju, bili smo u mogućnosti vidjeti

that she was able to move out of a vicious cycle

kako se ona uspjela izvući iz začaranog kruga

and into a virtuous cycle.

i ući u krug dobroćinstva.

She not only changed her own dynamic,

Ona ne samo da je promijenila svoju dinamiku,

she changed her household, she changed her family, her village.

ona je promijenila svoje kućanstvo, obitelj, selo.

The village became a real standout.

Selo je postalo primjerom.

Of course, most of China was flourishing at the time,

Naravno, većina Kine je cvjetala u to vrijeme

but they were able to get a road built

ali oni su uspjeli sagraditi cestu,

to link them up to the rest of China.

povezati se s ostatkom Kine.

And that brings me to my first major

I to me dovodi do prve velike

of two tenets of "Half the Sky."

od dvije poruke u "Pola neba".

And that is that

A to je

the central moral challenge

središnji moralni izazov

of this century

ovog stoljeća

is gender inequity.

jest neravnopravnost spolova.

In the 19th century, it was slavery.

U 19. stoljeću, to je bilo ropstvo.

In the 20th century, it was totalitarianism.

U 20. stoljeću to je bio totalitarizam.

The cause of our time

Problem našeg doba

is the brutality that so many people

jest brutalnost s kojom je toliki broj ljudi

face around the world because of their gender.

suočen širom svijeta zbog svog spola.

So some of you may be thinking,

Neki od vas će pomisliti,

"Gosh, that's hyperbole.

"Bože, to je hiperbola.

She's exaggerating."

Ona pretjeruje."

Well, let me ask you this question.

Dopustite mi da vam postavim ovo pitanje.

How many of you think there are more males or more females in the world?

Koliko vas misli da je više muškaraca ili žena na svijetu?

Let me take a poll. How many of you think there are more males in the world?

Dozvolite da provedem glasanje. Koliko vas misli kako je više muškaraca na svijetu?

Hands up, please.

Ruke u zrak, molim.

How many of you think -- a few -- how many of you there are more females in the world?

Koliko vas misli -- nekoliko -- koliko vas misli kako je više žena na svijetu?

Okay, most of you.

OK, većina vas.

Well, you know this latter group, you're wrong.

Znate, ova druga grupa, je u krivu.

There are, true enough,

Zapravo, iskreno,

in Europe and the West,

u Europi i na Zapadu,

when women and men

gdje muškarci i žene

have equal access to food and health care,

imaju jednak pristup hrani i zdravstvenoj brizi,

there are more women, we live longer.

postoji više žena, duže žive.

But in most of the rest of the world, that's not the case.

Ali u većini ostatka svijeta, to nije slučaj.

In fact, demographers have shown

U stvari, demografi su pokazali

that there are anywhere between 60 million

kako postoji između 60 milijuna

and 100 million

i 100 milijuna

missing females in the current population.

nestalih žena u sadašnjoj populaciji.

And, you know, it happens for several reasons.

I znate, to se dogodilo zbog nekoliko razloga.

For instance, in the last half-century,

Na primjer, u posljednjih 50ak godina,

more girls were discriminated to death

više cura je diskrimirano do smrti

than all the people killed on all the battlefields

nego što je ljudi poginulo na svim bojnim poljima

in the 20th century.

u 20. stoljeću.

Sometimes it's also because of the sonogram.

Ponekad je to također zbog sonograma.

Girls get aborted before they're even born

Djevojčice se abortiraju prije nego što budu rođene

when there are scarce resources.

kada su raspoloživi resursi oskudni.

This girl here, for instance,

Ova djevojčica ovdje, na primjer,

is in a feeding center in Ethiopia.

je u centru za prehranu u Etiopiji.

The entire center was filled with girls like her.

Cijeli centar je pun djevojčica poput nje.

What's remarkable is that her brothers, in the same family,

Ono što je nevjerojatno da su njena braća, iz iste obitelji,

were totally fine.

savršeno u redu.

In India, in the first year of life,

U Indiji, u prvoj godini života,

from zero to one,

od nula do jedan,

boy and girl babies basically survive at the same rate

stopa preživjelih dječaka i djevojčica je jednaka,

because they depend upon the breast,

jer ovise o dojenju,

and the breast shows no son preference.

a prsa nemaju sklonost ka sinovima.

From one to five,

Od jedan do pet,

girls die at a 50 percent higher mortality rate

cure umiru uz 50% višu stopu smrtnosti

than boys, in all of India.

od dječaka, u cijeloj Indiji.

The second tenet of "Half the Sky"

Druga poruka u "Pola neba"

is that, let's put aside the morality of all the right and wrong of it all,

je, stavite po strani moralnost svega ispravnog i pogrešnog ovdje.

and just on a purely practical level,

I samo na čisto praktičnoj razini,

we think that

mislimo kako je

one of the best ways to fight poverty and to fight terrorism

jedan od najboljih načina za borbu protiv siromaštva i terorizma

is to educate girls

jest edukacija djevojčica

and to bring women into the formal labor force.

i uvođenje žena u formalnu radnu snagu.

Poverty, for instance.

Siromaštvo, na primjer.

There are three reasons why this is the case.

Postoje tri razloga zbog čega se ovo događa.

For one, overpopulation is one of

Prvo, prevelika populacija je jedan od

the persistent causes of poverty.

stalnih razloga za siromaštvo.

And you know, when you educate a boy,

I znate, kada educirate dječaka,

his family tends to have fewer kids,

njihova obitelj ima manje djece,

but only slightly.

ali samo neznatno manje.

When you educate a girl,

Kada educirate curice,

she tends to have significantly fewer kids.

ona ima tendenciju imanja značajno manje djece.

The second reason is

Drugi razlog je

it has to do with spending.

povezan s potrošnjom.

It's kind of like the dirty, little secret of poverty,

To je na neki način prljava, mala tajna siromaštva,

which is that,

a to je,

not only do poor people

ne samo da siromašni ljudi

take in very little income,

zarađuju manje,

but also, the income that they take in,

ali također, ono što zarade,

they don't spend it very wisely,

ne potroše pametno.

and unfortunately, most of that spending is done by men.

I na nesreću, većina te potrošnje je napravljena od strane muškaraca.

So research has shown,

Tako su istraživanja pokazala,

if you look at people who live under two dollars a day --

ako pogledate ljude koji žive s manje od dva dolara dnevno --

one metric of poverty --

jedna od metrika siromaštva --

two percent of that take-home pay

dva posto od te plaće

goes to this basket here, in education.

ide u ovu košaru ovdje, edukaciju.

20 percent goes to a basket that is a combination of

20 posto ide u košaru koja je kombinacija

alcohol, tobacco, sugary drinks --

alkohola, duhana, šećernih pića,

and prostitution and festivals.

te prostitucije i festivala.

If you just take four percentage points

Ako uzmete samo četiri postotna boda

and put it into this basket,

i stavite to u ovu košaru,

you would have a transformative effect.

imali biste transformacijski efekt.

The last reason has to do

Zadnja lekcija ima veze

with women being part of the solution, not the problem.

s ženama koje su dio rješenja, a ne problema.

You need to use scarce resources.

Morate koristiti oskudne resurse.

It's a waste of resources if you don't use someone like Dai Manju.

To je bacanje resursa ako ne koristite nekoga poput Dai Manju.

Bill Gates put it very well

Bill Gates je jako dobro rekao

when he was traveling through Saudi Arabia.

kada je putovao kroz Saudijsku Arabiju.

He was speaking to an audience much like yourselves.

Govorio je publici poput vas.

However, two-thirds of the way there was a barrier.

Kakobilo, na dvije trećine se nalazilo ograničenje.

On this side was men,

Na ovoj strani su bili muškarci,

and then the barrier, and this side was women.

i onda ograničenje, i na ovoj strani žene.

And someone from this side of the room got up and said,

I netko s ove strane sobe se ustao i rekao,

"Mr. Gates, we have here as our goal in Saudi Arabia

"Gosp. Gates, mi u Saudijskoj Arabiji imamo cilj

to be one of the top 10 countries

biti u 10 najuspješnijih zemalja

when it comes to technology.

kada je riječ o tehnologiji.

Do you think we'll make it?"

Mislite li da ćemo to ostvariti?"

So Bill Gates, as he was staring out at the audience, he said,

Bill Gates, dok je gledao u publiku, odgovori,

"If you're not fully utilizing half the resources in your country,

"Ako do kraja ne koristite pola resursa vaše zemlje,

there is no way you will get anywhere near the top 10."

nema šanse da dođete niti blizu 10 najboljih."

So here is Bill of Arabia.

Dakle tu je Bill od Arabije.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So what would some of the specific challenges

Dakle kako bi neki od specifičnih izazova

look like?

izgledali?

I would say, on the top of the agenda

Rekla bih, na vrhu agende

is sex trafficking.

je trgovina ljudima.

And I'll just say two things about this.

I o tome ću reći samo dvije stvari.

The slavery at the peak of the slave trade

Ropstvo na vrhu trgovine robljem

in the 1780s:

u 1780im:

there were about 80,000 slaves

bilo je oko 80.000 robova

transported from Africa to the New World.

transportirano iz Afrike u Novi svijet.

Now, modern slavery:

Moderno ropstvo:

according to State Department rough statistics,

prema gruboj statistici Državne uprave,

there are about 800,000 -- 10 times the number --

postoji oko 800.000 -- 10 puta više --

that are trafficked across international borders.

kojima se trguje preko međunarodnih granica.

And that does not even include those

A to niti ne uključuju one

that are trafficked within country borders,

kojima se trguje unutar granica pojedine zemlje,

which is a substantial portion.

što predstavlja značajan udio.

And if you look at

I ako pogledate na

another factor, another contrast,

drugi čimbenik, drugi kontrast,

a slave back then is worth

robovi tada su vrijedili

about $40,000

oko 40.000 US$

in today's money.

današnjeg novca.

Today, you can buy a girl trafficked

Danas, možete kupiti curicu

for a few hundred dollars,

za nekoliko stotina dolara,

which means she's actually more disposable.

što znači da je dostupnija.

But you know, there is progress being made

Ali znate, napravljen je napredak

in places like Cambodia and Thailand.

na mjestima poput Kambodže i Tajlanda.

We don't have to expect a world

Ne moramo čekati svijet

where girls are bought and sold or killed.

u kojem se djevojke kupuju i prodaju ili ubijaju.

The second item on the agenda

Druga stvar na agendi

is maternal mortality.

jest smrtnost majki.

You know, childbirth in this part of the world

Znate, rođenje djeteta u tim dijelovima svijeta

is a wonderful event.

je prekrasan događaj.

In Niger, one in seven women

U Nigeru, jedna od sedam žena

can expect to die during childbirth.

može očekivati da će umrijeti tijekom poroda.

Around the world,

Širom svijeta,

one woman dies every minute and a half from childbirth.

svaku minutu i pol jedna žena umre od posljedica poroda.

You know, it's not as though

Znate, nije da

we don't have the technological solution,

nemamo tehnološka rješenja,

but these women have three strikes against them:

ali te žene imaju tri otežavajuće okolnosti:

they are poor, they are rural

siromašne su, dolaze iz ruralnih područja

and they are female.

i žene su.

You know, for every woman who does die,

Znate, na svaku ženu koja umre,

there are 20 who survive

postoji njih 20 koje prežive

but end up with an injury.

ali s ranama.

And the most devastating injury

A najrazornija rana

is obstetric fistula.

je porodiljska fistula.

It's a tearing during obstructed labor

To je kidanje prilikom poroda

that leaves a woman incontinent.

koje ostavlja žene nesposobnima da se kontroliraju.

Let me tell you about Mahabuba.

Dozvolite da vam kažem nešto o Mahabuba-i.

She lives in Ethiopia.

Ona živi u Etiopiji.

She was married against her will at age 13.

Udala se protiv svoje volje s 13 godina.

She got pregnant, ran to the bush to have the baby,

Zatrudnjela je, otrčala u grmlje da bi se porodila,

but you know, her body was very immature,

ali znate, njeno tijelo je bilo nezrelo,

and she ended up having obstructed labor.

i završila je s ometenim porodom.

The baby died, and she ended up with a fistula.

Beba je umrla, a ona je završila s fistulom.

So that meant she was incontinent;

To znači da je ona postala inkontinentna;

she couldn't control her wastes.

nije više mogla kontrolirati svoju funkciju izlučivanja.

In a word, she stank.

Drugim riječima, smrdjela je.

The villagers thought she was cursed; they didn't know what to do with her.

Suseljani su mislili kako je prokleta; nisu znali što bi s njom.

So finally, they put her at the edge of the village in a hut.

Na kraju, su je stavili u kolibu na rub sela.

They ripped off the door

Strgali su joj vrata

so that the hyenas would get her at night.

kako bi je se hijene dočepale tijekom noći.

That night, there was a stick in the hut.

Te noći, imala je štap u svojoj kolibi.

She fought off the hyenas with that stick.

Obranila se od hijena tim štapom.

And the next morning,

I slijedeće jutro,

she knew if she could get to a nearby village where there was a foreign missionary,

znala je ako se može dočepati drugog sela sa stranom misijom,

she would be saved.

mogla je biti spašena.

Because she had some damage to her nerves,

Zbog toga što je imala nekakvo oštećenje živaca,

she crawled all the way -- 30 miles --

puzala je cijelim putem -- nekih 50ak kilometara --

to that doorstep, half dead.

do tog praga, polumrtva.

The foreign missionary opened the door,

Strani misionari su otvorili vrata,

knew exactly what had happened,

znali su točno što se dogodilo,

took her to a nearby fistula hospital in Addis Ababa,

odveli su je do obližnje bolnice u Addis Ababa-i,

and she was repaired

i tamo su je izliječili

with a 350-dollar operation.

s operacijom od 350 US$.

The doctors and nurses there noticed

Tamošnji doktori i sestre su primjetili

that she was not only a survivor,

da ona nije samo borac,

she was really clever, and they made her a nurse.

bila je također jako pametna, i od nje su napravili sestru.

So now, Mahabuba,

Tako sada, Mahabuba,

she is saving the lives

ona spašava živote

of hundreds, thousands, of women.

stotinama, tisućama, žena.

She has become part of the solution, not the problem.

Ona je postala dio rješenja, a ne problema.

She's moved out of a vicious cycle

Izvukla se iz začaranog kruga

and into a virtuous cycle.

i uvukla se u krug čestitosti.

I've talked about some of the challenges,

Govorila sam o nekim izazovima,

let me talk about some of the solutions,

dozvolite da vam kažem nešto o rješenjima,

and there are predictable solutions.

a tu postoje predvidiva rješenja.

I've hinted at them: education

Nagovijestila sam ih: obrazovanje

and also economic opportunity.

i također ekonomska prilika.

So of course, when you educate a girl,

Tako naravno, kada educirate curu,

she tends to get married later on in life,

ona ima želju udati se kasnije u životu,

she tends to have kids later on in life, she tends to have fewer kids,

želi imati djecu kasnije u životu, ona želi imati manje djece,

and those kids that she does have,

i ta djeca koju će imati,

she educates them in a more enlightened fashion.

obrazovati će ih na prosvjetljeniji način.

With economic opportunity,

S ekonomskom prilikom,

it can be transformative.

to može biti transformativno.

Let me tell you about Saima.

Dozvolite da vam kažem nešto o Saima-i.

She lives in a small village outside Lahore, Pakistan.

Ona živa u malom selu izvan Lahore-a, Pakistan.

And at the time, she was miserable.

I u to vrijeme, ona je bila očajna.

She was beaten every single day

Bila je pretučena svaki dan

by her husband, who was unemployed.

od strane muža, koji je bio nezaposlen.

He was kind of a gambler type -- and unemployable, therefore --

On je bio neka vrsta kockara -- i nezaposlen, stoga --

and took his frustrations out on her.

je dio svoje frustracije iskaljivao na njoj.

Well, when she had her second daughter,

Kada je dobila drugu kćer,

her mother in-law told her son,

njena svekrva je rekla sinu,

"I think you'd better get a second wife.

"Mislim da bi trebao uzeti drugu ženu.

Saima's not going to produce you a son."

Saima ti neće dati sina."

This is when she had her second daughter.

To je bilo kada je dobila svoju drugu kćer.

At the time, there was

U to vrijeme, bila je

a microlending group in the village

grupa za mikrokreditiranje u selu

that gave her a 65-dollar loan.

koja joj je dala zajam od 65 US$.

Saima took that money,

Saima je uzela taj novac,

and she started an embroidery business.

i započela s poslom vezenja.

The merchants liked her embroidery; it sold very well,

Trgovci su voljeli ono što je radila; prodavalo se jako dobro,

and they kept asking for more.

i oni su nastavili tražiti još.

And when she couldn't produce enough,

I kada više nije mogla proizvesti dovoljno,

she hired other women in the village.

zaposlila je druge žene iz sela.

Pretty soon she had 30 women in the village

Jako brzo je imala 30 žena iz sela

working for her embroidery business.

koje su radile u poslu vezenja.

And then,

I onda,

when she had to transport all of the embroidery goods

kada je trebala prevesti su to robu koju su izvezle

from the village to the marketplace,

od sela do tržnice,

she needed someone to help her do the transport,

trebala je nekoga tko će joj pomoći oko transporta,

so she hired her husband.

tako je uposlila svog muža.

So now they're in it together.

Sada su u tome zajedno.

He does the transportation and distribution,

On se brine o transportu i distribuciji,

and she does the production and sourcing.

a ona o proizvodnji i nabavi.

And now they have a third daughter,

I sada imaju treću kćerku,

and the daughters, all of them, are being tutored in education

a kćeri, sve uče i obrazuju se

because Saima knows what's really important.

jer Saima zna što je stvarno važno.

Which brings me to the final element, which is education.

Što me dovodi do konačnog elementa, a to je obrazovanje.

Larry Summers, when he was chief economist at the World Bank,

Larry Summers, kada je bio glavni ekonomist Svjetske banke,

once said that, "It may well be

jednom je izjavio, "Možda je

that the highest return on investment

najveća stopa povrata na investiciju

in the developing world

u zemljama u razvoju

is in girls' education."

u obrazovanju djevojčica."

Let me tell you about Beatrice Biira.

Dozvolite mi da vam ispričam o Beatrice Birra-i.

Beatrice was living in Uganda

Beatrice je živjela u Ugandi,

near the Congo border,

blizu granice s Kongom.

and like Dai Manju, she didn't go to school.

i kao Dai Manju, nije išla u školu.

Actually, she had never been to school,

U stvari, ona nikada nije niti bila u školi,

not to a lick, one day.

niti najmanje, niti jedan dan.

Her parents, again, said,

Njeni roditelji, su opet, rekli,

"Why should we spend the money on her?

"Zašto bismo trošili novce na nju?

She's going to spend most of her life lugging water back and forth."

Većinu života će ionako provesti tegleći vodu naprijed, nazad."

Well, it just so happens, at that time,

I tako se dogodilo, u to vrijeme,

there was a group in Connecticut

postojala je grupa u Connecticut-u

called the Niantic Community Church Group in Connecticut.

koja se zvala Niantic Community Church Group u Connecticut-u.

They made a donation to an organization

Oni su dali donaciju jednoj organizaciji

based in Arkansas

iz Arkansas-a

called Heifer International.

koja se zvala Heifer International.

Heifer sent two goats to Africa.

Heifer je poslao dvije koze u Afriku.

One of them ended up with Beatrice's parents,

Jedna od njih završila je kod roditelja od Beatrice.

and that goat had twins.

I ta je koza imala blizance.

The twins started producing milk.

Blizanci su započeli proizvoditi mlijeko.

They sold the milk for cash.

Prodavali su mlijeko za gotovinu.

The cash started accumulating,

Gotovine je bilo sve više,

and pretty soon the parents said,

i jako brzo su roditelji rekli,

"You know, we've got enough money. Let's send Beatrice to school."

"Znaš, imamo dovoljno novca. Hajdemo poslati Beatrice u školu."

So at nine years of age,

I tako s devet godina,

Beatrice started in first grade --

Beatrice je krenula u prvi razred --

after all, she'd never been to a lick of school --

napokon, nikada prije toga nije bila u školi --

with a six year-old.

sa šestogodišnjacima.

No matter, she was just delighted to be in school.

Bez obzira, ona je bila oduševljena što je u školi.

She rocketed to the top of her class.

Bila je u vrhu svog razreda.

She stayed at the top of her class

Ostala je u vrhu svog razreda

through elementary school, middle school,

i u osnovnoj i u srednjoj školi,

and then in high school,

i onda u srednjoj školi,

she scored brilliantly on the national examinations

imala je sjajan uspjeh na državnom testiranju,

so that she became the first person in her village,

tako je postala prva osoba u njenom selu,

ever, to come to the United States

ikada, koja je dospjela u Sjedinjene Države

on scholarship.

temeljem stipendije.

Two years ago,

Prije dvije godine,

she graduated from Connecticut College.

diplomirala je na Connecticut College-u.

On the day of her graduation,

Na dan kada je diplomirala,

she said, "I am the luckiest girl alive

rekla je, "Ja sam najsretnija živuča cura

because of a goat."

zbog koze."

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And that goat was $120.

I ta je koza koštala 120 US$.

So you see how transformative

Vidite koliko transformativna

little bits of help can be.

mala pomoć može biti.

But I want to give you a reality check.

Ali ja vas želim podsjetiti na realnost.

Look: U.S. aid, helping people is not easy,

Gledajte: USAID, pomaganje ljudi nije lagano.

and there have been books that have criticized U.S. aid.

I postoje knjige koje su kritizirale USAID.

There's Bill Easterly's book.

Tu je knjiga Bill-a Easterly-a.

There's a book called "Dead Aid."

Tu je knjiga naslova "Mrtva pomoć".

You know, the criticism is fair;

Znate, kritika je pravedna;

it isn't easy.

nije lagana.

You know, people say how

Znate, ljudi kažu kako

half of all water well projects, a year later, are failed.

je polovica projekata za čistu vodu, godinu kasnije, propala.

When I was in Zimbabwe,

Kada sam bila u Zimbabveu,

we were touring a place with the village chief --

obilazili smo selo sa seoskim poglavarom --

he wanted to raise money for a secondary school --

on je htio skupiti novac za srednju školu --

and there was some construction a few yards away,

i tamo je nedaleko bila nekakva konstrukcija,

and I said, "What's that?"

te sam rekla, "Što je to?"

He sort of mumbled.

On je nešto promrmljao.

Turns out that it's a failed irrigation project.

Ispalo je kako je to bio propali projekt navodnjavanja.

A few yards away was a failed chicken coop.

Nekoliko metara dalje je bio propali kokošinjac.

One year, all the chickens died, and no one wanted to put the chickens in there.

Jedne godine, sve su kokoši umrle, i nitko više nije želio staviti kokoši tamo.

It's true, but we think that you don't through the baby out with the bathwater;

Istina je, ali mi mislimo kako se prvi mačići ne bacaju u vodu;

you actually improve.

pokušate poboljšati stvari.

You learn from your mistakes, and you continuously improve.

Učite iz svojih grešaka, i stalno unapređujete.

We also think that individuals

Također mislimo kako pojedinci

can make a difference, and they should,

mogu napraviti razliku, i trebali bi,

because individuals, together,

jer pojedinci, zajednički,

we can all help create a movement.

mogu pomoći da se kreira pokret.

And a movement of men and women

A pokret muškaraca i žena

is what's needed to bring about social change,

je ono što je potrebno kako bi se dogodila društvena promjena,

change that will address

promjena koja će riješiti

this great moral challenge.

taj veliki moralni izazov.

So then, I ask,

Dakle, pitam se,

what's in it for you?

gdje ste tu vi?

You're probably asking that. Why should you care?

Vjerojatno se pitate. Zašto biste se vi brinuli?

I will just leave you with two things.

Ostaviti ću vas s dvije stvari.

One is that research shows

Jedna je da istraživanja pokazuju

that once you have

da jednom kada imate

all of your material needs taken care of --

sve svoje materijalne potrebe zbrinute --

which most of us, all of us, here in this room do --

što većina nas, svi mi, u ovoj sobi imamo --

research shows that

istraživanja pokazuju kako

there are very few things in life

postoji malo stvari u životu

that can actually elevate your level of happiness.

koje u stvari mogu povećati osjećaj sreće.

One of those things

Jedna od tih stvari

is contributing to a cause larger than yourself.

jest doprinos stvarima koje su veće od nas samih.

And the second thing,

I druga stvar.

it's an anecdote that I'll leave you with.

To je anegdota s kojom ću vas ostaviti.

And that is the story

I to je priča

of an aid worker in Darfur.

medicinskog radnika u Darfur-u.

Here was a woman

Tu je bila žena

who had worked in Darfur,

koja je radila u Darfur-u,

seeing things that no human being should see.

i vidjela je stvari koje niti jedno ljudsko biće ne bi trebalo vidjeti.

Throughout her time there,

Tijekom njezina vremena tamo,

she was strong, she was steadfast.

bila je jaka, bila je nepokolebljiva.

She never broke down.

Nikada se nije raspala.

And then she came back to the United States

I onda se vratila nazad u Sjedinjene Države

and was on break, Christmas break.

i bila je na odmoru, Božićnom odmoru.

She was in her grandmother's backyard,

Bila je u bakinom dvorištu,

and she saw something that made her break down in tears.

i vidjela je nešto što ju je dovelo do suza.

What that was

To je bila

was a bird feeder.

hranilica za ptice.

And she realized that she had the great fortune

I shvatila je kako ima veliko bogatstvo

to be born in a country

da se rodila u zemlji

where we take security for granted,

u kojoj sigurnost uzimamo pod normalno,

where we not only can feed, clothe

gdje se ne samo možemo prehraniti, obući

and house ourselves,

i udomiti,

but also provide for wild birds

već i osigurati hranu za divlje ptice

so they don't go hungry in the winter.

tako da nisu gladne preko zime.

And she realized that with that great fortune

I shvatila je da s tako velikim bogatstvom

comes great responsibility.

dolazi i velika odgovornost.

And so, like her,

I tako, poput nje,

you, me,

vi, ja,

we have all won the lottery of life.

svi smo mi dobili lutriju života.

And so the question becomes:

A to nas dovodi do pitanja:

how do we discharge that responsibility?

kako možemo razriješiti tu odgovornost?

So, here's the cause.

Dakle, tu je uzrok.

Join the movement.

Pridružite se pokretu.

Feel happier and help save the world.

Osjećajte se sretnijim i pomozite spasiti svijet.

Thank you very much.

Hvala vam jako puno.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)