Sheryl WuDunn: Our century's greatest injustice

176,925 views ・ 2010-08-17

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Sojeong Chung κ²€ν† : Jireh Kang
00:16
The global challenge that I want to talk to you about today
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μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  싢은 세계적인 도전 κ³Όμ œλŠ”
00:19
rarely makes the front pages.
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λŒ€μ„œ νŠΉν•„λ˜λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ“œλ­…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
It, however, is enormous
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 이것은 μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
in both scale and importance.
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규λͺ¨μ™€ μ€‘μš”μ„± λ‘˜ λ‹€μ—μ„œ 말이죠.
00:27
Look, you all are very well traveled;
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” 맀우 널리 μ—¬ν–‰ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
this is TEDGlobal after all.
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어쨋든 이 곳은 ν…Œλ“œ κΈ€λ‘œλ²Œ λͺ¨μž„μ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
00:32
But I do hope to take you to some places
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„
00:34
you've never been to before.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 전에 κ°€λ³Έ 적이 μ—†λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 곳으둜 데렀가기λ₯Ό ν¬λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
So, let's start off in China.
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μ€‘κ΅­μ—μ„œ λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄λ³΄λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
00:38
This photo was taken two weeks ago.
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이 사진은 이 주전에 찍은 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
Actually, one indication is that little boy on my husband's shoulders
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사싀 제 λ‚¨νŽΈμ˜ 어깨에 μžˆλŠ” μž‘μ€ λ‚¨μž μ•„μ΄λŠ”
00:44
has just graduated from high school.
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고등학ꡐλ₯Ό 막 μ‘Έμ—…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:46
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:48
But this is Tiananmen Square.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 곳은 μ²œμ•ˆλ¬Έ κ΄‘μž₯μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
Many of you have been there. It's not the real China.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 λ§Žμ€ 뢄듀이 κ·Έ 곳에 가보셨을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 μ§„μ§œ 쀑ꡭ이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
Let me take you to the real China.
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μ§„μ§œ μ€‘κ΅­μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ„ 데리고 가도둝 ν•˜μ§€μš”.
00:55
This is in the Dabian Mountains
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μ—¬κΈ°λŠ” λ‹€λΉ„μ•ˆ 산이 μžˆλŠ”
00:57
in the remote part of Hubei province in central China.
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쀑ꡭ μ€‘λΆ€μ˜ 후베이 μ„±μ˜ 외진 μ§€μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
Dai Manju is 13 years old at the time the story starts.
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닀이 λ§Œμ£ΌλŠ” 이 이야기가 μ‹œμž‘ν•  λ•Œ 13μ‚΄ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
She lives with her parents,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜κ³Ό
01:06
her two brothers and her great-aunt.
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두 λͺ…μ˜ λ‚¨μž ν˜•μ œμ™€ λŒ€κ³ λͺ¨μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
They have a hut that has no electricity,
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그듀이 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” μ˜€λ‘λ§‰μ€ 전기도 μ—†κ³ ,
01:11
no running water,
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μˆ˜λ—λ¬Όλ„ μ—†κ³ 
01:13
no wristwatch, no bicycle.
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손λͺ©μ‹œκ³„λ‚˜ μžμ „κ±°λ„ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
And they share this great splendor
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그듀은 이 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ "화렀함"을
01:17
with a very large pig.
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맀우 큰 돼지와 κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:20
Dai Manju was in sixth grade when her parents said,
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닀이 λ§Œμ£Όκ°€ 6ν•™λ…„ μ΄μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ΄ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
"We're going to pull you out of school
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"λ„ˆλ₯Ό 학ꡐ에 더이상 보낼 수 μ—†λŠ”λ°
01:25
because the 13-dollar school fees are too much for us.
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학ꡐ μˆ˜μ—…λΉ„ 13뢈이 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 큰 κΈˆμ•‘μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄λž€λ‹€.
01:28
You're going to be spending the rest of your life in the rice paddies.
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λ„ˆλŠ” 일생을 λ…Όμ—μ„œ λ³΄λ‚΄κ²Œ 될 것이야.
01:30
Why would we waste this money on you?"
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μ™œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 λˆμ„ λ„ˆμ—κ²Œ λ‚­λΉ„ν•΄μ•Ό λ˜κ² λ‹ˆ?"
01:32
This is what happens to girls in remote areas.
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이것이 외진 지역에 μžˆλŠ” μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:35
Turns out that Dai Manju was
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μ•Œκ³  λ³΄λ‹ˆ 닀이 λ§Œμ£ΌλŠ”
01:37
the best pupil in her grade.
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ ν•™λ…„μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ ν•™μƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:39
She still made the two-hour trek to the schoolhouse
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ ν•™κ΅λ‘œ 2μ‹œκ°„ κ±Έμ–΄ λ‹€λ…”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
and tried to catch every little bit of information
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” λ¬Έ λ°–μœΌλ‘œ μƒˆμ–΄ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” μˆ˜μ—…μ˜ μž‘μ€ 일뢀라도
01:45
that seeped out of the doors.
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λ“€μœΌλ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
We wrote about her in The New York Times.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‰΄μš• νƒ€μž„μ¦ˆμ§€μ— 그녀에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
We got a flood of donations --
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κΈ°λΆ€κ°€ μ‡„λ„ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
01:52
mostly 13-dollar checks
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ 13 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ§œλ¦¬ 은행 μˆ˜ν‘œλ‘œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:55
because New York Times readers are very generous
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λ‰΄μš• νƒ€μž„μ¦ˆ λ…μžλ“€μ€
01:57
in tiny amounts
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μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€ μ•‘μˆ˜μ— 맀우 κ΄€λŒ€ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
01:59
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:01
but then, we got a money transfer
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ•Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„κΈˆ 전솑
02:04
for $10,000 --
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만 λ‹¬λŸ¬λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:06
really nice guy.
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정말 멋진 μ‚¬λžŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
We turned the money over to that man there, the principal of the school.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λˆμ„ κ·Έ ν•™κ΅μ˜ ꡐμž₯μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
He was delighted.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κΈ°λ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
He thought, "Oh, I can renovate the school.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 생각 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "였 λ‚˜λŠ” 학ꡐ κ°œμ‘°λ„ ν•  수 있고,
02:15
I can give scholarships to all the girls,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ μž₯ν•™κΈˆλ„ 쀄 수 μžˆλ‹€."라고 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
you know, if they work hard and stay in school.
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그듀이 μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κ³  학ꡐ에 남아 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ 말이죠.
02:19
So Dai Manju basically
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 닀이 λ§Œμ£ΌλŠ” 기본적으둜
02:21
finished out middle school.
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쀑학ꡐλ₯Ό λλ§ˆμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
She went to high school.
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고등학ꡐ에 λ“€μ–΄κ°”κ³ ,
02:25
She went to vocational school for accounting.
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그리고 λ‚˜μ„œ νšŒκ³„λ₯Ό 배우러 직업 학ꡐ에 λ‹€λ…”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
She scouted for jobs down in Guangdong province in the south.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ‚¨λΆ€μ˜ 광동 μ„±μ—μ„œ 직μž₯을 μ°Ύμ•„ λ‹€λ…”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
She found a job, she scouted for jobs
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 직μž₯을 κ΅¬ν–ˆκ³ ,
02:32
for her classmates and her friends.
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ κΈ‰μš°λ“€κ³Ό μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄μ„œλ„ 직μž₯을 μ°Ύμ•„μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
She sent money back to her family.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 번 λˆμ„ κ°€μ‘±λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
They built a new house,
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가쑱듀은 μƒˆ 집을 μ§€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
this time with running water,
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” μˆ˜λ—λ¬Όκ³Ό
02:41
electricity, a bicycle,
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전기와 μžμ „κ±°κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 집이 μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
no pig.
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λΌμ§€λŠ” μ—†λŠ” 집이 μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
02:45
What we saw was a natural experiment.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ³Έ 것은 μžμ—°μ  μ‹€ν—˜μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
It is rare to get an exogenous investment
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μ—¬μž μ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ— λŒ€ν•΄
02:50
in girls' education.
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μ™ΈλΆ€μ—μ„œ 투자λ₯Ό λ°›λŠ” 일은 λ“œλ­…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
And over the years, as we followed Dai Manju, we were able to see
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그리고 λͺ‡ 년에 걸쳐, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 닀이 만주λ₯Ό μ§€μΌœλ³΄λ©΄μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
02:55
that she was able to move out of a vicious cycle
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ•… μˆœν™˜μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ™€μ„œ
02:58
and into a virtuous cycle.
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μ„ μˆœν™˜μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
She not only changed her own dynamic,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ…€ μžμ‹ μ˜ 역학을 바꿨을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
03:02
she changed her household, she changed her family, her village.
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ κ°€μ •κ³Ό κ°€μ‘±, λ§ˆμ„μ„ λ°”κΎΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
The village became a real standout.
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κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ€ 정말 λ‹λ³΄μ΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
Of course, most of China was flourishing at the time,
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λ¬Όλ‘ , λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ λ²ˆμ„±ν–ˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
03:11
but they were able to get a road built
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그듀은 μ€‘κ΅­μ˜ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ 지역에 그듀을 μ—°κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
03:14
to link them up to the rest of China.
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길을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 있게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
And that brings me to my first major
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그리고 μ΄κ²ƒλ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ €λŠ” "μ„Έμƒμ˜ 반(Half the Sky)"의 두 가지 신쑰쀑
03:19
of two tenets of "Half the Sky."
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μ €μ˜ 첫 번째 μ£Όμš” μ‹ μ‘°λ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
And that is that
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그것은
03:23
the central moral challenge
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이 μ„ΈκΈ°μ˜
03:25
of this century
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κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 도덕적 κ³Όμ œλŠ”
03:27
is gender inequity.
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μ„± λΆˆν‰λ“±μ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
In the 19th century, it was slavery.
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19세기에 그것은 λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œλ„ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
In the 20th century, it was totalitarianism.
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20세기에 그것은 μ „μ²΄μ£Όμ˜ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
The cause of our time
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우리 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
03:36
is the brutality that so many people
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전세계 λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
03:38
face around the world because of their gender.
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 성별 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹Ήλ©΄ν•˜κ²Œλ˜λŠ” μž”μΈμ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:41
So some of you may be thinking,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„μ§€λ„ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
"Gosh, that's hyperbole.
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"이런, 그건 κ³Όμž₯이야.
03:45
She's exaggerating."
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 뢀풀리고 μžˆμ–΄."
03:47
Well, let me ask you this question.
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음, μ œκ°€ 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜ ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
03:49
How many of you think there are more males or more females in the world?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 λͺ‡ 뢄이 세상에 λ‚¨μžκ°€ λ˜λŠ” μ—¬μžκ°€ 더 많이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:52
Let me take a poll. How many of you think there are more males in the world?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ˜κ²¬μ„ μ•Œμ•„ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 λͺ‡λΆ„이 세상에 λ‚¨μžκ°€ 더 λ§Žλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:55
Hands up, please.
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손 λ“€μ–΄ μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
03:57
How many of you think -- a few -- how many of you there are more females in the world?
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μ†Œμˆ˜μ˜ λΆ„λ“€λ§Œ 손을 λ“œμ‹œλŠ”κ΅°μš”. 그러면 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 λͺ‡ 뢄이 μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ μ—¬μžκ°€ 더 λ§Žλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:00
Okay, most of you.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ κ·Έλ ‡κ΅°μš”.
04:02
Well, you know this latter group, you're wrong.
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음, ν›„μžμ˜ κ·Έλ£Ή μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ ν‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
There are, true enough,
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유럽과 μ„œμ–‘μ—μ„œλŠ”
04:06
in Europe and the West,
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λ§žλŠ” λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
when women and men
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μ—¬μ„±κ³Ό 남성이
04:10
have equal access to food and health care,
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μŒμ‹κ³Ό 건강 관리에 λ™μΌν•œ μ ‘κ·ΌκΆŒμ„ κ°€μ§ˆ λ•Œ
04:12
there are more women, we live longer.
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여성이 더 λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 여성이 더 였래 μ‚΄μ§€μš”
04:14
But in most of the rest of the world, that's not the case.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 세계 λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œλŠ”, 그렇지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
In fact, demographers have shown
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사싀, μΈκ΅¬ν†΅κ³„ν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 증λͺ…ν•΄μ˜¨ 바에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
04:19
that there are anywhere between 60 million
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μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œλ“ 
04:21
and 100 million
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ν˜„μž¬ μΈκ΅¬μ—μ„œ
04:23
missing females in the current population.
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6μ²œλ§Œμ—μ„œ 1μ–΅λͺ… μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 여성듀이 λˆ„λ½λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
And, you know, it happens for several reasons.
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그리고 μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 이것은 λͺ‡ 가지 이유둜 인해 일어 λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:29
For instance, in the last half-century,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μ§€λ‚œ λ°˜μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ
04:31
more girls were discriminated to death
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20μ„ΈκΈ°
04:34
than all the people killed on all the battlefields
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λͺ¨λ“  μ „μŸν„°μ—μ„œ 죽은 λͺ¨λ“  μ‚¬λžŒλ“€ 보닀도
04:36
in the 20th century.
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λ§Žμ€ μ—¬μž 아이듀이 차별을 λ‹Ήν•΄ μ£½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
Sometimes it's also because of the sonogram.
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ 초음파 κ²€μ‚¬λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 죽기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
Girls get aborted before they're even born
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μžμ›μ΄ λΆ€μ‘±ν•  λ•ŒλŠ” νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜κΈ°λ„ 전에
04:44
when there are scarce resources.
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μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ€ λ‚™νƒœλ₯Ό λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
This girl here, for instance,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ—¬κΈ° 이 μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λŠ”
04:48
is in a feeding center in Ethiopia.
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μ΄λ””μ˜€ν”Όμ•„μ˜ λ³΄ν˜Έμ†Œμ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
The entire center was filled with girls like her.
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κ·Έ λ³΄ν˜Έμ†Œ 전체가 그녀와 같은 μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€λ‘œ κ°€λ“ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:53
What's remarkable is that her brothers, in the same family,
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λ†€λΌμš΄ 것은 같은 κ°€μ • λ‚΄μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ‚¨μžν˜•μ œλ“€μ€
04:56
were totally fine.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ 건강이 μ’‹λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
In India, in the first year of life,
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μΈλ„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ•„κΈ°κ°€ νƒœμ–΄λ‚œ 첫 해에
05:00
from zero to one,
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0μ‚΄μ—μ„œ 1μ‚΄κΉŒμ§€
05:02
boy and girl babies basically survive at the same rate
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λ‚¨μžμ™€ μ—¬μž 아기듀은 기본적으둜 같은 λΉ„μœ¨λ‘œ μ‚΄μ•„ λ‚¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
because they depend upon the breast,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ λͺ¨λ‘ μ—„λ§ˆ 젖에 μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄κ³ 
05:07
and the breast shows no son preference.
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μ—„λ§ˆ 젖은 아듀을 더 μ„ ν˜Έν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
From one to five,
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1μ‚΄λΆ€ν„° 5μ‚΄κΉŒμ§€λŠ”
05:12
girls die at a 50 percent higher mortality rate
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μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ΄ λ‚¨μž 아이보닀 50% 더 높은 사망λ₯ μ„ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:15
than boys, in all of India.
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인도 μ „μ—­μ—μ„œ λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:18
The second tenet of "Half the Sky"
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"μ„Έμƒμ˜ 반 (Half the Sky)"의 λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ μ‹ μ‘°λŠ”
05:21
is that, let's put aside the morality of all the right and wrong of it all,
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맞고 ν‹€λ¦¬κ³ μ˜ λ„λ•μ„±μ˜ 문제λ₯Ό μ°¨μΉ˜ν•˜κ³ 
05:24
and just on a purely practical level,
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그리고 μˆœμ „νžˆ μ‹€μš©μ μΈ μˆ˜μ€€μ—μ„œ
05:27
we think that
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μƒκ°ν•˜κΈ°μ—
05:29
one of the best ways to fight poverty and to fight terrorism
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κ°€λ‚œκ³Ό ν…ŒλŸ¬λ¦¬μ¦˜κ³Ό λ§žμ„œ μ‹Έμš°λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 방법듀 μ€‘μ˜ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”
05:32
is to educate girls
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μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ„ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
and to bring women into the formal labor force.
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그리고 여성듀을 곡식적인 노동 μΈκ΅¬λ‚΄λ‘œ νŽΈμž…μ‹œν‚€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:37
Poverty, for instance.
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κ°€λ‚œμ„ 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
05:39
There are three reasons why this is the case.
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κ°€λ‚œμ΄ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ λ˜λŠ”λ°λŠ” μ„Έ 가지 원인이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:41
For one, overpopulation is one of
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”, 인ꡬ κ³Όμž‰μ΄
05:43
the persistent causes of poverty.
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κ°€λ‚œμ˜ 지속적 원인듀 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λΌλŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
And you know, when you educate a boy,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό λ‚¨μž 아이 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό κ΅μœ‘ν•˜λ©΄
05:48
his family tends to have fewer kids,
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그의 가정이 아이λ₯Ό 더 적게 κ°€μ§€λ €λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
05:50
but only slightly.
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이것은 μ•„μ£Ό κ²½λ―Έν•˜κ²Œ 그럴 κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:52
When you educate a girl,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬μž 아이λ₯Ό κ΅μœ‘ν•˜λ©΄
05:54
she tends to have significantly fewer kids.
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μ—¬μžλŠ” μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ 더 적은 수의 μžλ…€λ“€μ„ κ°€μ§€λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
The second reason is
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두 번째 μ΄μœ λŠ”
06:00
it has to do with spending.
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μ§€μΆœκ³Ό 관계가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
It's kind of like the dirty, little secret of poverty,
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이것은 μΌμ’…μ˜, κ°€λ‚œμ˜ λ”λŸ¬μš΄ μž‘μ€ λΉ„λ°€κ³Ό 같은데
06:04
which is that,
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무엇이냐 ν•˜λ©΄,
06:06
not only do poor people
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κ°€λ‚œν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
06:08
take in very little income,
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맀우 적은 μˆ˜μž…μ„ 얻을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:10
but also, the income that they take in,
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그듀이 받은 μˆ˜μž…μ„
06:12
they don't spend it very wisely,
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그듀은 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν˜„λͺ…ν•˜κ²Œ μ§€μΆœν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
and unfortunately, most of that spending is done by men.
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그리고 λΆˆν–‰νžˆλ„, κ·Έ μ§€μΆœμ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ λ‚¨μžλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄μ„œ 이루어 μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
So research has shown,
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연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
06:20
if you look at people who live under two dollars a day --
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ν•˜λ£¨μ— 2λ‹¬λŸ¬ λ―Έλ§Œμ—μ„œ μƒν™œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 듀여닀보면,
06:23
one metric of poverty --
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ν•˜λ£¨ 2λ‹¬λŸ¬ 미만 μ†Œλ“μ„ κ°€λ‚œμ„ μΈ‘μ •ν•˜λŠ” ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ ν•  λ•Œ
06:25
two percent of that take-home pay
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μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ 가지고 μ˜€λŠ” μ†Œλ“μ˜ 2%λŠ”
06:27
goes to this basket here, in education.
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이μͺ½ λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆλ‘œ 즉 ꡐ윑으둜 κ°€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:30
20 percent goes to a basket that is a combination of
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20%λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆλ‘œ κ°€κ²Œ λ˜λŠ”λ° 이것은
06:33
alcohol, tobacco, sugary drinks --
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술, λ‹΄λ°°, λ‹¬μ½€ν•œ 음료,
06:35
and prostitution and festivals.
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맀좘, 그리고 μž”μΉ˜λ‘œ 이루어져 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
If you just take four percentage points
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ”± 4%만 λ–Όλ‹€κ°€
06:40
and put it into this basket,
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이μͺ½ ꡐ윑의 λ°”κ΅¬λ‹ˆμ— λ„£λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄,
06:42
you would have a transformative effect.
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큰 λ³€ν™”μ˜ 효과λ₯Ό μ–»κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
The last reason has to do
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ΄μœ λŠ”
06:48
with women being part of the solution, not the problem.
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여성은 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ ν•΄κ²°μ±…μ˜ 일뢀가 λœλ‹€λŠ” 것과 관계가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
You need to use scarce resources.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ ν¬μ†Œν•œ μžμ›μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
It's a waste of resources if you don't use someone like Dai Manju.
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닀이 λ§Œμ£Όμ™€ 같은 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄, 그것은 μžμ›μ˜ λ‚­λΉ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:56
Bill Gates put it very well
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빌 κ²Œμ΄μΈ κ°€ 이것을 μ•„μ£Ό 잘 ν‘œν˜„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
when he was traveling through Saudi Arabia.
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κ·Έκ°€ μ‚¬μš°λ”” 아라비아λ₯Ό μ—¬ν–‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ„ λ•Œμ˜€μ§€μš”.
07:00
He was speaking to an audience much like yourselves.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€κ³Ό 같은 청쀑을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 연섀을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
However, two-thirds of the way there was a barrier.
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그런데 μ‚ΌλΆ„μ˜μ΄κ°€λ˜λŠ” 지점에 μž₯벽이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
On this side was men,
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ν•œμͺ½μ—λŠ” λ‚¨μžλ“€μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆκ³ ,
07:08
and then the barrier, and this side was women.
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그리고 μž₯벽이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³  κ·Έ λ‹€λ₯Έ μͺ½μ—λŠ” 여성듀이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
And someone from this side of the room got up and said,
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κ°•μ—°μž₯의 μž₯벽의 ν•œ μͺ½νŽΈμ˜ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
"Mr. Gates, we have here as our goal in Saudi Arabia
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"게이츠 씨, μ‚¬μš°λ”” μ•„λΌλΉ„μ•„μ—μ„œ 우리의 λͺ©ν‘œλŠ”
07:15
to be one of the top 10 countries
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κΈ°μˆ μ— κ΄€ν•œν•œ
07:17
when it comes to technology.
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세계 10λŒ€ κ΅­κ°€ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜κ°€ λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
Do you think we'll make it?"
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이λ₯Ό 달성할 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?"
07:21
So Bill Gates, as he was staring out at the audience, he said,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 빌 κ²Œμ΄μΈ λŠ” 청쀑을 λ°”λΌλ³΄λ©΄μ„œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
"If you're not fully utilizing half the resources in your country,
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"μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μžμ›μ˜ 반(μ—¬μ„±)을 μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ ν™œμš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄,
07:27
there is no way you will get anywhere near the top 10."
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 톱10 κ΅­κ°€ κ·Όμ²˜μ—λΌλ„ 갈 수 μžˆλŠ” 방법은 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
07:30
So here is Bill of Arabia.
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μ—¬κΈ° μ•„λΌλΉ„μ•„μ˜ 빌 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:35
So what would some of the specific challenges
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ꡬ체적인 도전 κ³Όμ œλ“€μ˜ μΌλΆ€μ—λŠ”
07:37
look like?
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μ–΄λ–€ 것이 μžˆμ„ κΉŒμš”?
07:40
I would say, on the top of the agenda
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제 생각에 κ°€μž₯ μ΅œμš°μ„  μ£Όμ œλŠ”
07:43
is sex trafficking.
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성맀맀 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:45
And I'll just say two things about this.
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이 것에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ‘κ°€μ§€λ§Œ 이야기 ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
The slavery at the peak of the slave trade
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1780λ…„λŒ€μ— λ…Έμ˜ˆ λ¬΄μ—­μ˜ μ΅œμ •μ μ—μ„œ
07:50
in the 1780s:
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λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ”
07:53
there were about 80,000 slaves
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μ•½ 8만 λͺ…이
07:55
transported from Africa to the New World.
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μ•„ν”„λ¦¬μΉ΄μ—μ„œ μ‹  λŒ€λ₯™μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ†‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
Now, modern slavery:
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μ§€κΈˆ, ν˜„λŒ€μ˜ λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ”
08:01
according to State Department rough statistics,
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κ΅­λ¬΄λΆ€μ˜ λŒ€λž΅μ  톡계에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
08:04
there are about 800,000 -- 10 times the number --
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κ·Έ 숫자의 10배인 μ•½ 80만λͺ…이
08:07
that are trafficked across international borders.
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세계 ꡭ경을 κ°€λ‘œμ§ˆλŸ¬ 인신맀맀 되고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
And that does not even include those
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이것은 κ΅­κ°€ λ‚΄μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μΈμ‹ λ§€λ§€λŠ”
08:12
that are trafficked within country borders,
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ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ§€ μ‘°μ°¨ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
08:14
which is a substantial portion.
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κ΅­κ°€ λ‚΄ 인신맀맀도 μƒλ‹Ήν•œ 뢀뢄이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:17
And if you look at
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그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
08:19
another factor, another contrast,
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μš”μ†Œ, 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ λŒ€μ‘°λ₯Ό 보게 λœλ‹€λ©΄,
08:22
a slave back then is worth
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μ˜ˆμ „μ˜ λ…Έμ˜ˆλŠ”
08:24
about $40,000
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 돈으둜
08:26
in today's money.
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μ•½ 4만 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ,
08:28
Today, you can buy a girl trafficked
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였늘 날은 인신 맀맀된 μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ₯Ό
08:31
for a few hundred dollars,
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λͺ‡ λ°± λ‹¬λŸ¬λ„ 주지 μ•Šκ³  μ‚΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
which means she's actually more disposable.
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이것은 μ—¬μž 아이가 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ΄μš©λœν›„, 더 버렀지기 μ‰½λ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:36
But you know, there is progress being made
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 캄보디아와 νƒœκ΅­κ³Ό 같은 κ³³μ—μ„œλŠ”
08:39
in places like Cambodia and Thailand.
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κ°œμ„ μ΄ 이루어 지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:41
We don't have to expect a world
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ΄ λ§€λ§€λ˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ£½μž„μ„ λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ”
08:43
where girls are bought and sold or killed.
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세상을 보고 싢진 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:46
The second item on the agenda
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λ‘λ²ˆ μ§Έ μ•ˆκ±΄μ€
08:48
is maternal mortality.
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μž„μ‚°λΆ€ 사망λ₯  μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:51
You know, childbirth in this part of the world
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, μ„Έμƒμ˜ 이μͺ½ λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ μΆœμ‚°μ€
08:54
is a wonderful event.
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멋진 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:56
In Niger, one in seven women
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λ‹ˆμ œλ₯΄(아프리카 μ€‘μ„œλΆ€μ˜ 곡화ꡭ)μ—μ„œλŠ” 7λͺ… 쀑 1λͺ…μ˜ λΉ„μœ¨λ‘œ 여성이
08:59
can expect to die during childbirth.
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μΆœμ‚° 쀑에 사망할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:02
Around the world,
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ
09:04
one woman dies every minute and a half from childbirth.
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ν•œ 여성이 μΆœμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ 인해 맀 1λΆ„ 30초 λ§ˆλ‹€ μ£½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:08
You know, it's not as though
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마치 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 기술적인 해결책을 가지고 μžˆμ§€ μ•Šμ€ 것과
09:10
we don't have the technological solution,
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같은 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
but these women have three strikes against them:
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이 여성듀은 삼진(아웃)을 λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:16
they are poor, they are rural
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그듀은 κ°€λ‚œν•˜κ³ , μ‹œκ³¨μ— 있으며,
09:18
and they are female.
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그리고 μ—¬μ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
You know, for every woman who does die,
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μ£½λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μ—¬μ„± ν•œ λͺ…λ‹Ή
09:23
there are 20 who survive
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20λͺ…은 μ‚΄μ•„ λ‚¨λŠ” μ…ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€λ§Œ,
09:25
but end up with an injury.
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κ²°κ΅­ 뢀상을 μž…μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:27
And the most devastating injury
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κ°€μž₯ λ¬΄μ°Έν•œ 뢀상은
09:29
is obstetric fistula.
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산과적 λˆ„κ³΅(obstetric fistula, λ‚œμ‚°μ˜ ν›„μœ μ¦ 쀑 질과 λ°©κ΄‘, ν˜Ήμ€ 질과 직μž₯ν•­λ¬Έ 사이에 생긴 잘λͺ»λœ 샛길)μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:31
It's a tearing during obstructed labor
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그것은 폐색성 λΆ„λ§Œ 쀑에 찒어진 κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
09:33
that leaves a woman incontinent.
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여성을 (λŒ€μ†Œλ³€) μ‹€κΈˆ ν™˜μžλ‘œ λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:36
Let me tell you about Mahabuba.
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λ§ˆν•˜λΆ€λ°”μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
09:38
She lives in Ethiopia.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ΄λ””μ˜€ν”Όμ•„μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:40
She was married against her will at age 13.
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13μ„Έ λ•Œ μ–΅μ§€λ‘œ κ²°ν˜Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
She got pregnant, ran to the bush to have the baby,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μž„μ‹ ν–ˆκ³  μ•„κΈ°λ₯Ό λ‚³κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 인적이 λ“œλ¬Έ 곳으둜 달렀 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
but you know, her body was very immature,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λͺΈμ€ 맀우 λ―Έμˆ™ν–ˆκ³ ,
09:49
and she ended up having obstructed labor.
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κ²°κ΅­ 폐색성 λΆ„λ§Œμ„ ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:52
The baby died, and she ended up with a fistula.
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μ•„κΈ°λŠ” μ£½κ³  κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ‚°κ³Όμ„± λˆ„κ³΅μ„ κ°–κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
So that meant she was incontinent;
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ (λŒ€μ†Œλ³€) μ‹€κΈˆ ν™˜μžκ°€ λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜μ§€μš”.
09:57
she couldn't control her wastes.
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즉 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λŒ€μ†Œλ³€μ„ μ œμ–΄ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:00
In a word, she stank.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ§€λ…ν•œ λƒ„μƒˆκ°€ λ‚¬μ§€μš”.
10:02
The villagers thought she was cursed; they didn't know what to do with her.
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λ§ˆμ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ €μ£Όλ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그듀은 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 해야될지 λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:05
So finally, they put her at the edge of the village in a hut.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ²°κ΅­ 그듀은 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ„μ˜ 변두리에 μžˆλŠ” μ˜€λ‘λ§‰μ— 집어 λ„£μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:08
They ripped off the door
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그듀은 문을 λœ―μ–΄ 놓고
10:10
so that the hyenas would get her at night.
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밀에 ν•˜μ΄μ—λ‚˜λ“€μ΄ κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μž‘μ•„κ°€λ„λ‘ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:13
That night, there was a stick in the hut.
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κ·Έλ‚  λ°€, μ˜€λ‘λ§‰ μ•ˆμ— 있던 λ‚˜λ¬΄ λ§‰λŒ€κΈ°λ‘œ
10:16
She fought off the hyenas with that stick.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” ν•˜μ΄μ—λ‚˜μ™€ μ‹Έμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:19
And the next morning,
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그리고 λ‹€μŒ λ‚  μ•„μΉ¨
10:21
she knew if she could get to a nearby village where there was a foreign missionary,
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ™Έκ΅­ 선ꡐ사가 μžˆλŠ” 근처 λ§ˆμ„λ‘œ κ°„λ‹€λ©΄
10:24
she would be saved.
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λͺ©μŠ΄μ„ ꡬ할 수 μžˆμ„ κ±°λΌλŠ” 것을 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ•Œμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:26
Because she had some damage to her nerves,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 신경에 μ–΄λ–€ 손상을 μž…μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
10:28
she crawled all the way -- 30 miles --
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30λ§ˆμΌμ„ κΈ°μ–΄μ„œ
10:31
to that doorstep, half dead.
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문간에 λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•ŒλŠ” 반 죽은 μƒνƒœμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:34
The foreign missionary opened the door,
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κ·Έ 외ꡭ인 선ꡐ사가 문을 μ—΄μ—ˆκ³ 
10:36
knew exactly what had happened,
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무엇이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬λŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•νžˆ μ•Œμ•˜μœΌλ©°,
10:38
took her to a nearby fistula hospital in Addis Ababa,
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κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό μ•„λ””μŠ€ 아바바에 μžˆλŠ” 근처의 μ‚°κ³Όμ„± λˆ„κ³΅ 치료 λ³‘μ›μœΌλ‘œ λ°λ €κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:41
and she was repaired
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그리고 κ·Έλ…€λŠ”
10:43
with a 350-dollar operation.
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350 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ§œλ¦¬ μˆ˜μˆ μ„ λ°›κ³  치료 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:46
The doctors and nurses there noticed
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μ˜μ‚¬λ“€κ³Ό κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬λ“€μ€
10:48
that she was not only a survivor,
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μƒμ‘΄μž 일 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
10:50
she was really clever, and they made her a nurse.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 정말 λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œμ•˜κ³ , 그듀이 κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬λ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
So now, Mahabuba,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§€κΈˆ, λ§ˆν•˜λΆ€λ°”λŠ”
10:55
she is saving the lives
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수 λ°±, 수 천 λͺ…μ˜ μ—¬μžλ“€μ˜ 삢을
10:57
of hundreds, thousands, of women.
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κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
She has become part of the solution, not the problem.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, ν•΄κ²°μ±…μ˜ 일뢀가 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:01
She's moved out of a vicious cycle
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ•…μˆœν™˜μ—μ„œ λΉ μ Έλ‚˜μ™€
11:03
and into a virtuous cycle.
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μ„ μˆœν™˜μœΌλ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:05
I've talked about some of the challenges,
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μ €λŠ” 도전 κ³Όμ œλ“€ λͺ‡ 가지에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 이야기 ν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:08
let me talk about some of the solutions,
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ν•΄κ²°μ±… λͺ‡ 가지에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 이야기 해보도둝 ν•˜μ§€μš”.
11:10
and there are predictable solutions.
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예츑 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ ν•΄κ²°μ±…λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
I've hinted at them: education
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μ œκ°€ 힌트λ₯Ό λ“œλ €μ˜¨ κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉 ꡐ윑,
11:15
and also economic opportunity.
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그리고 경제적인 κΈ°νšŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:18
So of course, when you educate a girl,
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘ , μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬μž 아이λ₯Ό κ΅μœ‘ν•˜λ©΄
11:21
she tends to get married later on in life,
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κ·Έ μ•„μ΄λŠ” μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ 더 늦게 κ²°ν˜Όν•˜κ²Œ λ˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 있고,
11:24
she tends to have kids later on in life, she tends to have fewer kids,
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더 λŠ¦κ²Œμ— 아이λ₯Ό κ°–κ³ , 더 적은 수의 아이λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
and those kids that she does have,
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그리고 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ‚³λŠ” κ·Έ 아이듀을
11:29
she educates them in a more enlightened fashion.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 보닀 κ΅ν™”λœ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ κ΅μœ‘μ‹œν‚€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:31
With economic opportunity,
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경제적 기회λ₯Ό 톡해
11:33
it can be transformative.
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변화될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
Let me tell you about Saima.
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μ‚¬μ΄λ§ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 이야기 ν•΄λ“œλ¦¬λ„λ‘ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
11:37
She lives in a small village outside Lahore, Pakistan.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” νŒŒν‚€μŠ€νƒ„μ˜ 라호λ₯΄ λ°–μ˜ μž‘μ€ λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:41
And at the time, she was miserable.
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λ‹Ήμ‹œμ— κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λΉ„μ°Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:43
She was beaten every single day
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 맀일
11:45
by her husband, who was unemployed.
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μ‹€μ§μžμΈ λ‚¨νŽΈμ—κ²Œ λ§žμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
He was kind of a gambler type -- and unemployable, therefore --
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κ·Έ λ‚¨νŽΈμ€ 도박가 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 고용이 되기 μ–΄λ €μš΄ μ‚¬λžŒ μ΄μ—ˆκ³ ,
11:50
and took his frustrations out on her.
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그의 μ’Œμ ˆκ°μ„ μ•„λ‚΄μ—κ²Œ ν’€μ–΄λŒ”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:52
Well, when she had her second daughter,
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ‘λ²ˆμ§Έ 딸을 λ‚³μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ,
11:54
her mother in-law told her son,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ‹œμ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” κ·Έ μ•„λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:57
"I think you'd better get a second wife.
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"λ„ˆλŠ” 두 번 μ§Έ μ•„λ‚΄λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 쒋을 것 κ°™κ΅¬λ‚˜.
11:59
Saima's not going to produce you a son."
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μ‚¬μ΄λ§ˆλŠ” 아듀을 낳아주지 λͺ»ν•  κ±°μ•Ό."
12:03
This is when she had her second daughter.
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이것이 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 두 번 μ§Έ 딸을 λ‚³μ•˜μ„ λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:05
At the time, there was
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κ·Έ λ‹Ήμ‹œμ—
12:07
a microlending group in the village
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λ§ˆμ„μ—λŠ” μ†Œμžλ³Έ λŒ€μΆœ 그룹이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ ,
12:09
that gave her a 65-dollar loan.
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κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ 65λ‹¬λŸ¬ λŒ€μΆœμ„ ν•΄μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:12
Saima took that money,
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μ‚¬μ΄λ§ˆλŠ” κ·Έ λˆμ„ λ°›μ•„μ„œ,
12:15
and she started an embroidery business.
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자수 사업을 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:18
The merchants liked her embroidery; it sold very well,
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상인듀은 κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 자수λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆκ³ , 물건이 맀우 잘 νŒ”λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:20
and they kept asking for more.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀이 계속 더 μ£Όλ¬Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:22
And when she couldn't produce enough,
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ λΆ„λŸ‰μ˜ 자수λ₯Ό 혼자 μ œμž‘ν•  수 μ—†κ²Œ 되자
12:24
she hired other women in the village.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ§ˆμ„μ— μžˆλŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ—¬μžλ“€μ„ κ³ μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:26
Pretty soon she had 30 women in the village
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μ–Όλ§ˆ μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„ κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ˜ 30λͺ…μ˜ 여성듀이
12:29
working for her embroidery business.
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 자수 사업μž₯μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:31
And then,
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그리고 κ·Έλ•Œ,
12:33
when she had to transport all of the embroidery goods
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  자수 μƒν’ˆλ“€μ„
12:36
from the village to the marketplace,
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κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ μ‹œμž₯으둜 μš΄μ†‘ν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆκ³ ,
12:38
she needed someone to help her do the transport,
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κ·Έ μš΄μ†‘μ„ 도와쀄 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ₯Ό ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:40
so she hired her husband.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ‚¨νŽΈμ„ κ³ μš©ν–ˆκ³ ,
12:42
So now they're in it together.
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이제 그듀은 사업을 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ§€μš”.
12:44
He does the transportation and distribution,
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λ‚¨νŽΈμ΄ μš΄μ†‘κ³Ό μœ ν†΅μ„ λ‹΄λ‹Ήν•˜κ³ ,
12:46
and she does the production and sourcing.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 생산과 쑰달을 λ‹΄λ‹Ήν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:48
And now they have a third daughter,
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μ§€κΈˆ 그듀은 μ„Έλ²ˆ μ§Έ 딸을 λ‚³μ•˜κ³ ,
12:51
and the daughters, all of them, are being tutored in education
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κ·Έ λ”Έλ“€ λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” κ΅μœ‘μ„ 잘 λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:54
because Saima knows what's really important.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ‚¬μ΄λ§ˆλŠ” 무엇이 μ€‘μš”ν•œμ§€ μ•Œκ³  있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
12:57
Which brings me to the final element, which is education.
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이둜 인해 μ €λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μš”μ†ŒμΈ, κ΅μœ‘μ— μ£Όλͺ©ν•˜κ²Œλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:01
Larry Summers, when he was chief economist at the World Bank,
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래리 μ„œλ¨Έμ¦ˆκ°€ 세계 은행 (World Bank)의 μˆ˜μ„ κ²½μ œν•™μž μ˜€μ„ λ•Œ,
13:04
once said that, "It may well be
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•œ 적이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:07
that the highest return on investment
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"개발 λ„μƒκ΅­μ—μ„œ
13:09
in the developing world
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투자 수읡이 κ°€μž₯ 높은 것은
13:11
is in girls' education."
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λ‹Ήμ—°νžˆ μ—¬μžμ•„μ΄λ“€μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ΄λ‹€."
13:14
Let me tell you about Beatrice Biira.
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λΉ„μ—νŠΈλ¦¬μŠ€ 비라에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:16
Beatrice was living in Uganda
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λΉ„μ—νŠΈλ¦¬μŠ€λŠ” μš°κ°„λ‹€μ— μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:19
near the Congo border,
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콩고 κ΅­κ²½ κ·Όμ²˜μ— μžˆμ§€μš”.
13:21
and like Dai Manju, she didn't go to school.
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닀이 λ§Œμ£Όμ™€ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 학ꡐ에 가지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:23
Actually, she had never been to school,
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사싀 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 학ꡐ에 ν•œλ²ˆλ„ κ°€ λ³Έ 적이 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
not to a lick, one day.
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단 ν•˜λ£¨λ„ 말이죠.
13:28
Her parents, again, said,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ€ 또 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:30
"Why should we spend the money on her?
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"μ™œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ λˆμ„ 써야 ν•˜λŠ” 것인가?
13:32
She's going to spend most of her life lugging water back and forth."
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 생애λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜ λ‚˜λ₯΄λ©΄μ„œ λ³΄λ‚΄κ²Œ 될텐데 말이지."
13:35
Well, it just so happens, at that time,
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음, κ·Έ λ•Œ 이런 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
there was a group in Connecticut
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컀넀티컷 주의 Niantic Community Church Group이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ”
13:41
called the Niantic Community Church Group in Connecticut.
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ν•œ 단체가 μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°,
13:44
They made a donation to an organization
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Heifer International이라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ”
13:46
based in Arkansas
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μ•ŒμΉΈμ‚¬μŠ€ 기반의 ν•œ μ‘°μ§μ—κ²Œ
13:48
called Heifer International.
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κΈ°λΆ€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:50
Heifer sent two goats to Africa.
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HeiferλŠ” 아프리카에 두 마리의 μ—Όμ†Œλ₯Ό λ³΄λƒˆλŠ”λ°,
13:53
One of them ended up with Beatrice's parents,
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이 쀑 ν•œ λ§ˆλ¦¬κ°€ λΉ„μ—νŠΈλ¦¬μŠ€μ˜ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ—κ²Œλ‘œ κ°€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:56
and that goat had twins.
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κ·Έ μ—Όμ†ŒλŠ” 쌍λ‘₯이λ₯Ό λ‚³μ•˜λŠ”λ°,
13:58
The twins started producing milk.
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κ·Έ 쌍λ‘₯이가 우유λ₯Ό μƒμ‚°ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:00
They sold the milk for cash.
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그듀은 κ·Έ 우유λ₯Ό νŒ”μ•„μ„œ ν˜„κΈˆμ„ λ§ˆλ ¨ν–ˆκ³ ,
14:02
The cash started accumulating,
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돈이 μŒ“μ΄κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ„œ,
14:04
and pretty soon the parents said,
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곧 κ·Έ λΆ€λͺ¨λŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:06
"You know, we've got enough money. Let's send Beatrice to school."
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"μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ 돈이 μƒκ²ΌμœΌλ‹ˆ, λΉ„μ—νŠΈλ¦¬μŠ€λ₯Ό 학ꡐ에 보내도둝 ν•©μ‹œλ‹€."
14:09
So at nine years of age,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 9μ‚΄μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄μ—
14:11
Beatrice started in first grade --
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λΉ„μ—νŠΈλ¦¬μŠ€λŠ” ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ 학ꡐλ₯Ό λ‹€λ‹Œ 적이 μ—†μ–΄μ„œ
14:13
after all, she'd never been to a lick of school --
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6μ‚΄ 아이듀과 ν•¨κ»˜
14:15
with a six year-old.
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1학년을 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:17
No matter, she was just delighted to be in school.
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μƒκ΄€μ—†μ—ˆμ£ . κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έμ € 학ꡐ에 μžˆλŠ” 것 λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ κΈ°λ»€μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
14:19
She rocketed to the top of her class.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ°˜μ—μ„œ 일 λ“±μœΌλ‘œ κΈ‰λ“±ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:21
She stayed at the top of her class
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅, 쀑학ꡐ,
14:24
through elementary school, middle school,
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그리고 κ³ λ“±ν•™κ΅κΉŒμ§€ μ­‰
14:26
and then in high school,
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λ°˜μ—μ„œ 일 등을 μœ μ§€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:28
she scored brilliantly on the national examinations
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ΅­κ°€ μ‹œν—˜μ—μ„œ λ›°μ–΄λ‚œ 성적을 λƒˆκ³ ,
14:31
so that she became the first person in her village,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ λ§ˆμ„μ—μ„œ
14:34
ever, to come to the United States
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미ꡭ으둜 μž₯ν•™κΈˆμ„ λ°›κ³  κ°€κ²Œλœ
14:36
on scholarship.
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첫 번째 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:38
Two years ago,
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2λ…„ 전에
14:40
she graduated from Connecticut College.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 컀넀티컷 λŒ€ν•™μ„ μ‘Έμ—…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:43
On the day of her graduation,
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μ‘Έμ—… 식 λ‚ ,
14:45
she said, "I am the luckiest girl alive
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ €λŠ” μƒμ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒ 쀑에 μ—Όμ†Œ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°€μž₯ 운 쒋은
14:48
because of a goat."
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μ—¬μžμ• λžλ‹ˆλ‹€."
14:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
14:52
And that goat was $120.
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κ·Έ μ—Όμ†ŒλŠ” 120 λ‹¬λŸ¬ μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:54
So you see how transformative
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 이 μž‘μ€ 도움이
14:57
little bits of help can be.
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큰 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ•„μ‹œκ² μ§€μš”.
14:59
But I want to give you a reality check.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ ν˜„μ‹€ 확인을 λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:02
Look: U.S. aid, helping people is not easy,
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λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. λ―Έκ΅­ 원쑰, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ•λŠ” 것은 μ‰¬μš΄ 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:05
and there have been books that have criticized U.S. aid.
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미ꡭ의 원쑰λ₯Ό λΉ„νŒν•˜λŠ” 책듀도 μžˆμ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:08
There's Bill Easterly's book.
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빌 μ΄μŠ€ν„Έλ¦¬ (Bill Easterly)의 책도 있고,
15:10
There's a book called "Dead Aid."
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"죽은 원쑰"λΌλŠ” 책도 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:12
You know, the criticism is fair;
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό, κ·Έ λΉ„νŒμ€ νƒ€λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:14
it isn't easy.
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μ›μ‘°λŠ” 쉽지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:16
You know, people say how
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ§ν•˜μ£ .
15:18
half of all water well projects, a year later, are failed.
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λͺ¨λ“  우물 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ 반이 일년 후에 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ‹€νŒ¨ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
When I was in Zimbabwe,
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μ œκ°€ μ§λ°”λΈŒμ›¨μ— μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
15:22
we were touring a place with the village chief --
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ λ§ˆμ„μ˜ μž₯κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ–΄λ–€ 곳을 λŒμ•„ 보고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:24
he wanted to raise money for a secondary school --
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κ·ΈλŠ” 쀑등학ꡐλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ λˆμ„ λͺ¨κΈˆν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:27
and there was some construction a few yards away,
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그런데 κ±°κΈ°μ„œ λͺ‡ μ•Όλ“œ 떨어진 곳에 μ–΄λ–€ 곡사 ν˜„μž₯이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:29
and I said, "What's that?"
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μ œκ°€ λ¬Όμ—ˆμ£ . "μ €κ²Œ 무엇이죠?"
15:31
He sort of mumbled.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ€‘μ–Όκ±°λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:33
Turns out that it's a failed irrigation project.
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그것은 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œ κ΄€κ°œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:35
A few yards away was a failed chicken coop.
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λͺ‡ μ•Όλ“œ 떨어진 κ³³μ—λŠ” μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œ λ‹­μž₯이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:38
One year, all the chickens died, and no one wanted to put the chickens in there.
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일년 내에 λͺ¨λ“  닭이 μ£½μ—ˆκ³ , 아무도 거기에 닭을 λ„£κ³  싢지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:41
It's true, but we think that you don't through the baby out with the bathwater;
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이것은 μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μ•„κΈ° λͺ©μš•λ¬Ό λ²„λ¦΄λ•Œ 아기도 같이 λ²„λ¦¬μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (ꡬ더기 무섭닀고 μž₯ λͺ» λ‹΄κΈ€μˆœ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€λ‘œ 이해 κ°€λŠ₯)
15:44
you actually improve.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„μ§€κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:46
You learn from your mistakes, and you continuously improve.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ‹€μˆ˜λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배우게 되고, 계속 κ°œμ„ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:49
We also think that individuals
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ˜ν•œ κ°œκ°œμΈλ“€μ΄
15:51
can make a difference, and they should,
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λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μˆ˜ 있고, κ·Έλž˜μ•Όλ§Œ ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:54
because individuals, together,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ°œκ°œμΈλ“€μ΄ ν•¨κ»˜ν•˜λ©΄
15:56
we can all help create a movement.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ μ–΄λ–€ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ 내도둝 λ„μšΈ 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:59
And a movement of men and women
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그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ›€μ§μž„μ΄
16:01
is what's needed to bring about social change,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ 것이며,
16:03
change that will address
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κ·Έ λ³€ν™”λŠ”
16:06
this great moral challenge.
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이 λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ 도덕적 도전 과제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:08
So then, I ask,
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그러면, μ œκ°€ λ¬»μ§€μš”.
16:11
what's in it for you?
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이것이 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό 무슨 상관이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
16:13
You're probably asking that. Why should you care?
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 이것을 묻고 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 관심을 κ°€μ Έμ•Όλ§Œ ν•˜λŠ”κ°€μš”?
16:16
I will just leave you with two things.
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ 두 가지λ₯Ό λ‚¨κΈ°κΈ°λ§Œ ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:18
One is that research shows
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ”, 연ꡬ 결과에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
16:21
that once you have
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
16:23
all of your material needs taken care of --
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일단 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  물질적인 ν•„μš”λ₯Ό 잘 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
16:26
which most of us, all of us, here in this room do --
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- 우리 쀑 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄, μ•„λ‹ˆ 이 방에 μžˆλŠ” 우리 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ κ·Έλ ‡μ£  -
16:29
research shows that
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연ꡬ 결과에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
16:31
there are very few things in life
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ ν–‰λ³΅μ˜ μˆ˜μ€€μ„ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 올릴 수 μžˆλŠ” 것듀이
16:33
that can actually elevate your level of happiness.
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삢에 맀우 적게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:36
One of those things
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이 쀑 ν•œ 가지가
16:38
is contributing to a cause larger than yourself.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μžμ‹ λ³΄λ‹€ 더 큰 ν•œ λŒ€μ˜λͺ…뢄에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:43
And the second thing,
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그리고 λ‘λ²ˆ 째둜 μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜ 남기고 싢은 것은,
16:45
it's an anecdote that I'll leave you with.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μΌν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:47
And that is the story
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이것은 μˆ˜λ‹¨μ˜ λ‹€λ₯΄ν‘Έ 지역에 μžˆλŠ”
16:49
of an aid worker in Darfur.
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ν•œ κ΅¬μ‘°μ›μ˜ 이야기 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:52
Here was a woman
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μ—¬κΈ° λ‹€λ₯΄ν‘Έμ—μ„œ 일해 온
16:54
who had worked in Darfur,
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ν•œ μ—¬μžκ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°,
16:56
seeing things that no human being should see.
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μ–΄λ–€ 인간도 λ³΄μ•„μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆλ˜λŠ” 것듀을 보게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:00
Throughout her time there,
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κ·Έ 곳에 있던 μ‹œκ°„ λ‚΄λ‚΄
17:02
she was strong, she was steadfast.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ°•ν–ˆκ³  신념은 ν™•κ³  λΆ€λ™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:05
She never broke down.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ²°μ½” λ¬΄λ„ˆμ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:08
And then she came back to the United States
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그리고 λ‚˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 미ꡭ으둜 λŒμ•„μ™€μ„œ
17:10
and was on break, Christmas break.
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크리슀마슀 νœ΄κ°€ λ•Œ
17:12
She was in her grandmother's backyard,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ λ’· λ§ˆλ‹Ήμ— μžˆμ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
17:15
and she saw something that made her break down in tears.
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κ·Έλ…€λ₯Ό 눈물둜 λ¬΄λ„ˆμ§€κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλ˜ 무언가λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:19
What that was
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그것은
17:21
was a bird feeder.
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μƒˆ λͺ¨μ΄ν†΅ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:24
And she realized that she had the great fortune
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 깨달은 것은
17:27
to be born in a country
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 이런 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ νƒœμ–΄λ‚  수 μžˆλŠ” λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ ν–‰μš΄μ„ κ°€μ‘Œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:29
where we take security for granted,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ•ˆλ³΄λ₯Ό λ‹Ήμ—°ν•˜κ²Œ μ—¬κΈ°κ³ ,
17:32
where we not only can feed, clothe
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 우리 μžμ‹ μ„ 먹이고, μž…νžˆκ³ ,
17:34
and house ourselves,
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κ±°μ£Όν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
17:37
but also provide for wild birds
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야생 μƒˆλ“€μ΄
17:40
so they don't go hungry in the winter.
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κ²¨μšΈμ— 배고프지 μ•Šλ„λ‘ 먹이λ₯Ό 쀄 수 μžˆλŠ” 그런 λ‚˜λΌμ— νƒœμ–΄λ‚¬λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:44
And she realized that with that great fortune
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ ν–‰μš΄μ€
17:47
comes great responsibility.
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큰 μ±…μž„κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ˜¨λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:50
And so, like her,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€μ²˜λŸΌ,
17:53
you, me,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„, μ €,
17:55
we have all won the lottery of life.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ μΈμƒμ˜ λ³΅κΆŒμ„ λ”΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:58
And so the question becomes:
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ―€λ‘œ 이제 남은 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€
18:00
how do we discharge that responsibility?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έ μ±…μž„μ„ μ΄ν–‰ν•˜λŠ”κ°€ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:03
So, here's the cause.
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μ—¬κΈ° λͺ…뢄이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:05
Join the movement.
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μš΄λ™μ— μ°Έμ—¬ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
18:07
Feel happier and help save the world.
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더 ν–‰λ³΅ν•΄μ§€μ‹œκ³ , 세상을 κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것을 λ„μš°μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
18:10
Thank you very much.
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λŒ€λ‹¨νžˆ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:12
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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