Are we born to run? | Christopher McDougall

Prevodilac: Jelena Nedjic Lektor: Ana Zivanovic-Nenadovic

Running: it's basically just right, left, right, left, yeah?

Trčanje: to je u principu samo desna, leva, desna, leva - zar ne?

I mean, we've been doing it for two million years,

Mislim, to radimo već dva miliona godina,

tako da bi bilo arogantno da pretpostavim

so it's kind of arrogant to assume that I've got something to say

da imam da vam kažem nešto

that hasn't been said and performed better a long time ago.

što nije bolje rečeno i urađeno već dugo vremena.

But the cool thing about running, as I've discovered,

Otkrio sam da je kod trčanja zanimljivo

is that something bizarre happens in this activity all the time.

to da se nešto čudno dešava

sve vreme u toku trčanja.

Case in point: A couple months ago, if you saw the New York City Marathon,

Primer:

pre par meseci, ako ste gledali maraton u Njujorku,

I guarantee you, you saw something that no one has ever seen before.

ja vam garantujem da ste videli nešto

što niko nije video pre toga.

An Ethiopian woman named Derartu Tulu turns up at the starting line.

Žena iz Etiopije po imenu Derartu Tulu

se pojavila na startnoj liniji.

Ima 37 godina,

She's 37 years old.

She hasn't won a marathon of any kind in eight years,

nije pobedila ni na jednom maratonu u poslednjih 8 godina,

and a few months previously,

a par meseci pre toga

she had almost died in childbirth.

je skoro umrla na porođaju.

Derartu Tulu was ready to hang it up and retire from the sport,

Derartu Tulu je bila spremna da odustane od svega i ostavi sport po strani,

but she decided she'd go for broke

ali je odlučila da će pokušati

and try for one last big payday in the marquee event,

da istrči još jednom za veliku zaradu u jednom danu

u jednom od važnijih događaja,

the New York City Marathon.

Njujorškom maratonu.

Except -- bad news for Derartu Tulu -- some other people had the same idea,

Samo loše vesti za Derartu Tulu su bile te da su i neki drugi ljudi imali istu ideju,

including the Olympic gold medalist,

a među njima je bila i žena koja je osvojila zlato na Olimpijadi

and Paula Radcliffe, who is a monster,

i Paula Redklif, koja je pravo čudovište,

the fastest woman marathoner in history by far.

najbrža žena u maratonskim trkama u dosadašnjoj istoriji.

Only 10 minutes off the men's world record,

Njen najbolji rezultat zaostaje samo za 10 minuta za svetskim rekordom

Paula Radcliffe is essentially unbeatable.

u muškoj kategoriji,

Paula Redklif je u suštini nepobediva.

That's her competition.

To su ljudi sa kojima se ona takmiči.

The gun goes off, and -- I mean, she's not even an underdog;

Čuje se pucanj za početak trke, a ona ne samo da je autsajder,

she's, like, under the underdogs.

ona je čak i ispod nivoa autsajdera.

But the under-underdog hangs tough,

Ali se autsajder dobro drži u trci.

and 22 miles into a 26-mile race,

I nakon 35 km u trci od 42 km,

there is Derartu Tulu, up there with the lead pack.

Derartu Tulu se nalazi

u vodećoj grupi.

Now, this is when something really bizarre happens.

Ovo je momenat kada se nešto zaista čudno dešava.

Paula Radcliffe, the one person who is sure to snatch the big paycheck

Paula Redklif, jedina osoba koja bi

zasigurno mogla da preuzmne ogromnu nagradu

from Derartu Tulu's under-underdog hands,

iz ruku autsajdera Derartu Tutu,

suddenly grabs her leg and starts to fall back.

se odjednom hvata za svoju nogu i počinje da zaostaje.

So we all know what to do in this situation, right?

Mi svi znamo šta da radimo u ovakvoj situaciji, zar ne?

You give her a quick crack in the teeth with your elbow

Udarite je brzo laktom u zube

and blaze for the finish line.

i krenete šprintom ka završnoj liniji.

Derartu Tulu ruins the script.

Ali Derartu Tulu ne poštuje taj scenario.

Instead of taking off,

Umesto da nastavi sa trkom,

she falls back and she grabs Paula Radcliffe,

ona zaostaje, i uhvati Paulu Redklif,

and says, "Come on. Come with us. You can do it."

govoreći joj: "Hajde. Hajde sa nama. Možeš ti to."

So Paula Radcliffe, unfortunately, does it.

I na nesreću, Paula Redklif, učini baš to.

She catches up with the lead pack

Ona dostigne vodeću grupu i trči ka završnoj liniji.

and is pushing toward the finish line.

But then she falls back again.

Ali onda počinje da usporava ponovo.

The second time, Derartu Tulu grabs her and tries to pull her.

I po drugi put joj Derartu Tulu pokušava da je pokrene.

I u tom trenutku Paula Redklif reče:

And Paula Radcliffe, at that point, says, "I'm done. Go."

"Ja sam završila. Trči."

So that's a fantastic story, and we all know how it ends.

To je zaista fantastična priča i mi svi znamo kako se završava.

She loses the check,

Ona gubi svoj ček,

but she goes home with something bigger and more important.

ali se vraća kući sa nečim većim i značajnijim.

Except Derartu Tulu ruins the script again.

Ali Derartu Tulu opet menja scenario.

Instead of losing, she blazes past the lead pack and wins.

Umesto da izgubi tu trku, ona prestiže vodeću grupu i pobeđuje,

Wins the New York City Marathon,

osvaja maraton u Njujorku.

goes home with a big fat check.

i vraća se kući sa ogromnim čekom.

It's a heartwarming story,

Ovo je priča od koje vam je toplo oko srca,

but if you drill a little bit deeper,

ali ukoliko je analizirate malo detaljnije,

you've got to sort of wonder about what exactly was going on there.

ne možete a da se ne zapitate šta se zaista u svemu tome dešava.

When you have two outliers in one organism,

Ukoliko uočite dva odstupanja od pravila u jednom biću,

it's not a coincidence.

to nije slučajnost.

When you have someone who is more competitive and more compassionate

Ukoliko imate osobu koja ima razvijeniji takmičarski duh,

ali je pri tome i saosećajnija od svih ostalih u trci, to nije slučajnost.

than anybody else in the race, again, it's not a coincidence.

Ako vidim stvorenje sa plovnim kožicama na nogama i škrgama,

You show me a creature with webbed feet and gills;

somehow water's involved.

siguran sam da je adaptirano na vodene uslove.

Someone with that kind of heart, there's some kind of connection there.

A kada vidim osobu takvog srca, znam da postoji neka veza u svemu tome.

And the answer to it, I think, can be found

I odgovor na taj fenomen, ja mislim,

down in the Copper Canyons of Mexico,

se može naći u Bakarnom kanjonu Meksika,

where there's a reclusive tribe, called the Tarahumara Indians.

gde živi pleme, povučeno pleme,

koje se zove Tarahumara Indijanci.

Now, the Tarahumara are remarkable for three things.

Postoje tri vanredne karakteristike ovog plemena.

Prvo,

Number one is:

they have been living essentially unchanged for the past 400 years.

oni žive u nepromenjenim uslovima života

već poslednjih 400 godina.

When the conquistadors arrived in North America you had two choices:

Kada su osvajači došli u Severnu Ameriku, imali ste dva izbora:

vi se ili borite ili se povlačite.

you either fight back and engage or you could take off.

The Mayans and Aztecs engaged,

Maje i Asteci su izabrali da se bore

which is why there are very few Mayans and Aztecs.

i to je razlog što danas nema puno Maja i Asteka.

The Tarahumara had a different strategy.

Tarahumara pleme je imalo drugačiju strategiju.

They took off and hid

Oni su se povukli i sakrili

in this labyrinthine, networking, spider-webbing system of canyons

u lavirintu kanjona sličnom

paukovoj mreži

called the Copper Canyons.

koje zovemo Bakarni kanjon,

And there they've remained since the 1600s,

i oni su ostali tamo od 1600-ih godina -

essentially the same way they've always been.

živeći nepromenjenim stilom života.

The second thing remarkable about the Tarahumara is:

Druga izvanredna karakteristika Tarahumara plemena

deep into old age -- 70 to 80 years old --

je da oni u dubokoj starosti - kada imaju 70 do 80 godina -

these guys aren't running marathons;

ne da trče maratone,

they're running mega-marathons.

oni trče mega-maratone.

They're not doing 26 miles,

Oni ne trče maratone od 42km,

they're doing 100, 150 miles at a time,

već 160, 240 km u jednom cugu,

and apparently without injury, without problems.

i to čak bez ikakvih povreda, ikavih problema.

The last thing that's remarkable about the Tarahumara is:

Poslednja izvanredna karakteristika Tarahumara

all the things we're going to be talking about today,

tiče se svih stvari o kojima ćemo mi pričati danas,

all the things we're trying to use all of our technology

svih rešenja do kojih mi pokušavamo da dođemo

koristeći tehnologiju i naš mozak -

and brain power to solve --

things like heart disease and cholesterol and cancer;

bolesti kao što su bolesti srca, problem holesterola i rak

crime, warfare and violence; clinical depression -- all this stuff --

kao i problem kriminala, ratovanja, nasilja i kliničke depresije -

the Tarahumara don't know what you're talking about.

to su fenomeni o kojima Tarahumara pleme nema nikakve predstave.

They are free from all of these modern ailments.

Oni su oslobođeni od svih ovih bolesti modernog doba.

So what's the connection?

Pa, gde je veza u svemu tome?

Again, we're talking about outliers;

Ponovo, mi pričamo ovde o izuzecima.

there's got to be some kind of cause and effect.

Mora postojati uzročno-posledična veza.

Well, there are teams of scientists at Harvard and the University of Utah

Čitavi timovi naučnika

na Harvardu i Univerzitetu u Juti

korsite sve svoje ćelije mozga kako bi upravo shvatili

that are bending their brains and trying to figure out

what the Tarahumara have known forever.

ono što Tarahumara pleme zna oduvek.

They're trying to solve those same kinds of mysteries.

Oni pokušavaju da reše iste tajne.

And once again, a mystery wrapped inside of a mystery --

I ponovo, to je tajna u okviru druge tajne -

perhaps the key to Derartu Tulu and the Tarahumara

i verovatno je razumevanje Derartu Tulu i Tarahumara

sakriveno u tri druge tajne, a to su:

is wrapped in three other mysteries, which go like this:

Three things -- if you have the answer, come up and take the microphone,

tri pitanja - i ukoliko imate odgovor na njih,

dođite i progovorite,

jer niko drugi ne zna odgovore.

because nobody else knows the answer.

If you know it, you're smarter than anybody on planet Earth.

I ukoliko vi znate, onda ste pametniji od svih ljudi na ovoj planeti.

Mystery number one is this:

Tajna broj jedan:

veličina mozga ljudi se drastično povećala pre dva miliona godina.

Two million years ago, the human brain exploded in size.

Australopithecus had a tiny little pea brain.

Australopitekus je imao mali mozak veličine graška.

Suddenly humans show up, Homo erectus, big old melon head.

Ljudi se odjednom pojave - Homo erektus -

i ima glavu veličine dinje.

To have a brain of that size,

Da biste imali mozak te veličine,

you need to have a source of condensed caloric energy.

morate imati izvor kondezovane energije.

In other words, early humans are eating dead animals --

Drugim rečima, naši davni preci su jeli mrtve životinje -

no argument, that's a fact.

to je činjenica i tu nema argumenata.

The only problem is,

Jedini problem je u tome,

the first edged weapons only appeared about 200,000 years ago.

što se prvo hladno oružje pojavilo pre oko 200.000 godina.

Tako da smo mi nekako ubijali životinje

So somehow, for nearly two million years,

we are killing animals without any weapons.

u periodu od skoro 2 miliona godina bez ikakvog oružja.

Now, we're not using our strength,

A pri tome nismo koristili svoju snagu

because we are the biggest sissies in the jungle.

jer smo mi najveći slabići u džungli.

Every other animal is stronger than we are,

Sve druge životinje su snažnije od nas.

they have fangs, they have claws, they have nimbleness, they have speed.

Imaju kljove, kandže, veoma su agilne i brze.

Mi mislimo da je Usajn Bolt brz. Usajn Bolt bi izgubio trku sa vevericom.

We think Usain Bolt is fast.

Usain Bolt can get his ass kicked by a squirrel.

We're not fast.

Mi nismo brzi.

That would be an Olympic event:

To bi bile Olimpijske igre: ubacite na stazu vevericu.

turn a squirrel loose, whoever catches it gets a gold medal.

Ko god je uhvati, dobija zlatnu medalju.

(Laughter)

Tako da mi nemamo oružje, snagu, kljove, kandže.

So no weapons, no speed, no strength, no fangs, no claws.

Kako smo onda ubijali sve te životinje? To je tajna broj jedan.

How were we killing these animals? Mystery number one.

Mystery number two:

Tajna broj dva:

Women have been in the Olympics for quite some time now,

Žene se takmiče na Olimpijadama već dugo vremena,

but one thing that's remarkable about all women sprinters:

ali izvandredna osobina sprinterki

they all suck; they're terrible.

jeste da su one jako loše, očajne su.

There's not a fast woman on the planet and there never has been.

Ne postoji brza žena na ovoj planeti

i nikada nije postojala.

The fastest woman to ever run a mile did it in 4:15.

Ženski rekord na 2.5 km je 4.15.

I could throw a rock and hit a high-school boy

Mogao bih da bacim kamen i pogodim bilo kog

who can run faster than 4:15.

srednjoškolca koji bi mogao da istrči brže od 4.15.

For some reason, you guys are just really slow.

Iz nekog razloga vi ste zaista prosto veoma spore.

But --

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

But, you get to the marathon we were just talking about --

Ali ako pričamo o maratonskim trkama koje smo baš spomenuli -

you've only been allowed to run the marathon for 20 years,

vama je dozvoljeno da trčite maratone u poslednjih 20 godina.

because prior to the 1980s, medical science said

Jer, pre '80-ih,

if a woman tried to run 26 miles -- does anyone know what would happen

medicinari su mislili da bi se, ukoliko bi žena pokušala da trči 42 km -

da li neko zna šta bi se desilo u tom slučaju?

if you tried to run 26 miles?

Why you were banned from the marathon before the 1980s?

Zašto vam je bilo zabranjeno da trčite maratone pre 80-ih?

Audience Member: Her uterus would be torn.

Neko iz publike: Raspala bi se materica.

Christopher McDougall: Her uterus would be torn, yes.

Kristofer Mekdugal: Njena materica bi se raspala.

Torn reproductive organs.

Da. Vaši reproduktivni organi bi se raspali.

The uterus would literally fall out of the body.

Materica bi ispala, bukvalno ispala iz tela.

(Laughter)

Now, I've been to a lot of marathons,

Sada, ja sam bio na mnogo maratona

and I've yet to see any ...

i još uvek nisam to video.

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

Tako da je ženama tek 20 godina dozvoljeno da trče maratone.

So it's only been 20 years

that women have been allowed to run the marathon.

U toku tog kratkog perioda učenja,

In that very short learning curve, you've gone from broken organs

vi ste napredovle od povređenih organa

up to the fact that you're only 10 minutes off the male world record.

do toga da zaostajete za samo 10 minuta

za muškim svetskim rekordom.

Then you go beyond 26 miles, into the distance

A ukoliko razmotrite trke duže od 42 km,

distance za koje nam je medicina isto tako govorila da bi bile fatalne za ljude -

that medical science also told us would be fatal to humans --

remember Pheidippides died when he ran 26 miles --

sećate se da je Feidipides umro kada je istrčao 42 km -

you get to 50 and 100 miles, and suddenly, it's a different game.

trke od 80 i 160 km,

iznenada pričamo o drugačijoj igri.

You take a runner like Ann Trason or Nikki Kimball or Jenn Shelton,

Ako razmatrate trkače kao što su

Ana Trason, ili Niki Kimbal ili Džen Šelton,

put them in a race of 50 or 100 miles against anybody in the world,

u trci sa bilo kim na ovome svetu dužine 80 ili 160km

and it's a coin toss who's going to win.

bacanjem novčića možete da odredite ko će pobediti.

I'll give you an example.

Daću vam primer.

A couple years ago, Emily Baer signed up for a race

Pre par godina, Emili Ber se registrovala za trku

called the Hardrock 100,

zvanu "Hardrock 100",

which tells you all you need to know about the race.

a to vam govori sve što treba da znate o trci.

They give you 48 hours to finish this race.

I imate 48 sati da završite trku.

Well, Emily Baer -- 500 runners --

E pa, Emili Ber - jedna od 500 učesnika trke -

she finishes in eighth place, in the top 10,

je završila na osmom mestu, među 10 najboljih,

even though she stopped at all the aid stations

iako se zaustavila na svim pomoćnim puntovima

to breastfeed her baby during the race.

da nadoji svoju bebu u toku trke -

(Laughter)

i opet je pobedila 492 učesnika.

And yet, she beat 492 other people.

The last mystery:

Poslednja misterija: zašto su žene snažnije

Why is it that women get stronger as distances get longer?

na dužim relacijama?

The third mystery is this:

Treća tajna je sledeća:

At the University of Utah, they started tracking finishing times

Na Univerzitetu u Juti su počeli da analiziraju završno vreme

for people running the marathon.

ljudi koji trče maratone.

What they found is that if you start running the marathon at age 19,

Pronašli su da,

ukoliko počnete da trčite maraton u 19. godini,

you'll get progressively faster, year by year,

bićete sve brži i brži, godinu za godinom,

dok ne dosegnete maksimum u 27. godini.

until you reach your peak at age 27.

I onda nakon toga, podležete

And then after that, you succumb to the rigors of time.

posledicama starenja.

And you'll get slower and slower,

Postajete sporiji i sporiji,

until eventually you're back to running the same speed you were at age 19.

dok ponovo ne dođete do brzine kojom ste trčali sa 19 godina.

Treba vam 7-8 godina da dosegnete svoj maksimum,

So about seven, eight years to reach your peak,

i onda postepeno postajete sporiji,

and then gradually you fall off your peak,

dok ne dođete do polazne tačke.

until you go back to the starting point.

You'd think it might take eight years to go back to the same speed,

Možda mislite kako je potrebno 8 godina da biste se vratili na početnu brzinu,

maybe 10 years -- no, it's 45 years.

možda 10 godina - ali ne, potrebno je 45 godina.

64-year-old men and women

60-godišnjaci, i muškarci i žene

are running as fast as they were at age 19.

trče istom brzinom kojom su trčali sa 19 godina.

Now, I defy you to come up with any other physical activity --

Ja vas sada izazivam da se setite bilo koje druge fizičke aktivnosti -

and please don't say golf -- something that's actually hard --

i samo nemojte reći golf - nešto što je zaista teško -

(Laughter)

gde stariji ljudi pokazuju iste sposobnosti

where geriatrics are performing as well as they did as teenagers.

kao kada su bili tinejdžeri.

So you have these three mysteries.

Tako da postoje ove tri misterije.

Is there one piece in the puzzle which might wrap all these things up?

Da li postoji deo ove zagonetke

koji bi ujedinio sve ove fenomene?

You've got to be careful anytime someone looks back in prehistory

Morate biti jako obazrivi svaki put

kada neko pokuša, analizirajući praistorijisko vreme,

and tries to give you a global answer because,

da vam da generlani odgovor,

it being prehistory, you can say whatever the hell you want

s obzirom da govorimo o praistoriji,

možete reći šta god poželite i to vam može proći.

and get away with it.

But I'll submit this to you:

Ali predstavljam vam sledeće:

If you put one piece in the middle of this jigsaw puzzle,

ukoliko u centar ove zagonentke postavite jedan fenomen,

suddenly it all starts to form a coherent picture.

odjednom se formira koherentna slika.

If you're wondering why the Tarahumara don't fight

Ukoliko se pitate zašto se Tarahumara pleme ne bori

and don't die of heart disease,

i ne umire od srčanih oboljenja,

why a poor Ethiopian woman named Derartu Tulu

zašto jadna žena iz Etiopije po imenu Derartu Tulu

can be the most compassionate and yet the most competitive,

može biti najsaosećajnija, a opet i najkompetitivnija osoba,

and why we somehow were able to find food without weapons,

i kako smo mi nekako bili sposobni

da nađemo hranu bez oružja,

perhaps it's because humans,

možda je sve to usled toga što su ljudi,

as much as we like to think of ourselves as masters of the universe,

bez obzira na to koliko mi želimo

da mislimo o sebi kao gospodarima univerzuma,

actually evolved as nothing more than a pack of hunting dogs.

u principu evoluirali kao ništa više nego

horda lovačkih pasa.

Maybe we evolved as a hunting pack animal.

Možda smo evoluirali

kao horda životinja-lovaca.

Because the one advantage we have in the wilderness --

Jer jedina prednost koju imamo u divljini -

ponovo, nisu naše kandže i kljove ili naša brzina -

again, it's not our fangs, our claws or our speed --

the only thing we do really well is sweat.

jeste ta što se mi veoma, veoma dobro znojimo.

We're really good at being sweaty and smelly.

Stvarno nam dobro polazi za rukom da se oznojimo i osećamo.

Better than any other mammal on Earth, we can sweat really well.

Mi možemo veoma dobro da se znojimo,

bolje od bilo kojeg drugog sisara na Zemlji.

But the advantage of that little bit of social discomfort

Ali prednost

ove male društvene nelagodnosti

is the fact that, when it comes to running under hot heat for long distances,

je u tome da kada se radi o trčanju

po velikoj vrućini i na velikim daljinama,

we're superb -- the best on the planet.

mi smo neprevaziđeni, najboji na planeti.

You take a horse on a hot day,

Ukoliko posmatrate konja u toku toplog dana,

and after about five or six miles, that horse has a choice:

taj konj nakon 8-9 km ima sledeći izbor.

Konj će ili da diše ili da se rashladi,

it's either going to breathe or it's going to cool off.

But it ain't doing both. We can.

ali ne radi obe radnje - mi možemo.

So what if we evolved as hunting pack animals?

Da li smo mi evoluirali kao lovačko krdo životinja?

What if the only natural advantage we had in the world

Da li je naša jedina prirodna prednost u svetu ta

was the fact that we could get together as a group,

što smo mogli da se organizujemo u grupu,

i krenemo poljanama savane u Africi, izaberemo antilopu

go out there on that African savanna, pick out an antelope,

i krenemo kao čopor za tom životinjom koju trčanjem iscrpimo do smrti?

go out as a pack, and run that thing to death?

That's all we could do.

To je sve što smo mogli da uradimo,

We could run really far on a hot day.

mogli smo da trčimo veoma dugo po vrućini.

Well, if that's true, a couple other things had to be true as well.

Pa ukoliko je ovo tačno, još par stvari mora biti tačno takođe.

The key to being part of a hunting pack is the word "pack."

Da bismo bili deo jednog lovačkog čopora, ključna stvar je reč čopor.

If you go out by yourself and try to chase an antelope,

Ukoliko sami izađete i pokušate da uhvatite antilopu,

I guarantee there will be two cadavers out in the savanna.

garantujem da biste našli dva leša tamo u savani.

You need a pack to pull together.

Neophodan je čopor koji zajedno funkcioniše.

You need to have those 64- and 65-year-olds

Neophodni su ljudi od 64, 65 godina

who have been doing this for a long time

koji to rade već mnogo godina

jer znaju koju antilopu treba izabrati kao plen.

to understand which antelope you're trying to catch.

The herd explodes and it gathers back again.

Čopor se rasturi i onda se ponovo ujedini.

Those expert trackers have to be part of the pack.

Ovi stučnjaci u lovu moraju biti deo čopora.

Ne mogu zaostajati 16 kilometara.

They can't be 10 miles behind.

You need the women and the adolescents there,

Neophodno je da u čoporu budu i žene i adolescenti

because the two times in your life you most benefit from animal protein

jer postoje dva perioda u životu kada su životinjske belančevine neophodne

is when you're a nursing mother and a developing adolescent.

za vaš organizam, kada dojite dete i kada ste u razvoju.

Ukoliko antilopa leži mrtva na nekom mestu, nema nikakvog smisla

It makes no sense to have the antelope over there, dead,

and the people who want to eat it 50 miles away.

da ljudi koji bi trebalo da je pojedu budu udaljeni 80 km.

They need to be part of the pack.

Oni moraju biti deo čopora.

You need those 27-year-old studs at the peak of their powers

Deo horde moraju biti i 27-godišnjaci u vrhu svoje snage

ready to drop the kill,

koji su spremni da obore plen,

and you need those teenagers who are learning the whole thing involved.

i neophodno je da tu budu i tinejdžeri

koji uče ceo taj prces odjednom.

The pack stays together.

Čopor ostaje zajedno.

Another thing that has to be true: this pack cannot be materialistic.

Još jedna karaktersitika tog čopora:

ne može da bude baš materijalno orijentisan.

You can't be hauling all your crap around, trying to chase the antelope.

Ne možete da vučete nebitne stvari sa sobom

You can't be a pissed-off pack.

dok pokušavate da uhvatite antilopu.

You can't be bearing grudges, like, "I'm not chasing that guy's antelope.

Ne možete biti neraspoloženi čopor.

Na primer: "Ne mogu da jurim antilopu tog tipa.

He pissed me off. Let him go chase his own antelope."

Ljut sam na njega. Neka sam juri svoju antilopu."

The pack has got to be able to swallow its ego,

Neophodno je da čopor bude u stanju da zaboravi na svoj ego,

be cooperative, and pull together.

i da bude ko-operativna i sarađuje.

What you end up with, in other words,

Kada to sve uzmete u obzir, drugim rečima, dođete

is a culture remarkably similar to the Tarahumara,

do kulture koja je neverovatno slična

Tarahumarama -

a tribe that has remained unchanged since the Stone Age.

a ovo pleme je ostalo nepromenjeno

od kamenog doba.

It's a really compelling argument

Veoma je ubedljiv argument

that maybe the Tarahumara are doing exactly what all of us had done

da možda Tarahumare rade upravo ono

što smo svi mi radili dva miliona godina.

for two million years,

that it's us in modern times who have sort of gone off the path.

Ali mi smo ti koji su u ovom modernom dobu krenuli stranputicom.

You know, we look at running as this kind of alien, foreign thing,

Znate, mi doživljavamo trčanje kao nepoznatu, stranu stvar,

this punishment you've got to do because you ate pizza the night before.

kao kaznu koju treba da odradite jer ste jeli picu prethodne večeri.

But maybe it's something different.

Ali možda je nešto drugo u pitanju.

Maybe we're the ones who have taken this natural advantage we had

Možda smo mi ti koji su oduzeli sebi tu prirodnu nadarenost koju smo imali

and we spoiled it.

i upropastili je.

How do we spoil it? Well, how do we spoil anything?

Kako smo je upropastili? Pa, kako upropastimo bilo šta?

We try to cash in on it. Right?

Pokušamo da zaradimo na tome.

We try to can it and package it and make it "better"

Pokušamo da upakujemo nešto, da učinimo nešto "boljim",

and then sell it to people.

i prodamo to ljudima.

And then what happened was, we started creating

Desilo se da smo počeli da proizvodimo

these fancy cushioned things which can make running "better,"

te lepe, upakovane stvari,

koje nam pomažu pri trčanju, a zovemo ih patikama za trčanje.

called running shoes.

The reason I get personally pissed-off about running shoes

Ja sam lično protivnik patika za trčanje

is because I bought a million of them and I kept getting hurt.

jer sam kupio milion različitih i non-stop sam se povređivao.

And I think if anybody in here runs --

A mislim da - ukoliko iko ovde trči -

I just had a conversation with Carol.

upravo sam razgovarao sa Kerol;

We talked for two minutes backstage, and she talked about plantar fasciitis.

pričali smo 2 minuta iza scene,

i onda je ona počela da priča o oboljenju stopala.

You talk to a runner, I guarantee within 30 seconds,

Razgovarajte sa nekim ko trči, i sigurno ćete nakon 30 sekundi

the conversation turns to injury.

razgovarati o povredama.

So if humans evolved as runners, if that's our one natural advantage,

Pa ukoliko su ljudi evoluirali kao trkačka vrsta,

ako je to naša jedina prirodna prednost,

then why are we so bad at it?

Why do we keep getting hurt?

zašto smo toliko loši u tome?

A curious thing about running and running injuries

Zašto se non-stop povređujemo?

Interesantna stvar u vezi sa trčanjem i povredama pri trčanju

is that the running injury is new to our time.

je da je to novina našeg vremena.

If you read folklore and mythology,

Ukoliko čitate narodna predanja i mitologiju,

any kind of myths, any kind of tall tales,

bilo koje vrste mitova, bilo koje bajke,

running is always associated with freedom and vitality

trčanje je uvek povezano

sa slobodom, vitalnošću, mladošću i večnim elanom.

and youthfulness and eternal vigor.

It's only in our lifetime that running has become associated

Tek je u našem vremenu

trčanje postalo povezano sa strahom i bolom.

with fear and pain.

Džeronimo je govorio

Geronimo used to say, "My only friends are my legs. I only trust my legs."

"Moji jedini prijatelji su moje noge. Jedino verujem svojim nogama."

That's because an Apache triathlon used to be you'd run 50 miles

Usled toga što je trialton Apača

podrazumevao da trčite 80 km kroz pustinju,

across the desert,

upustite se u borbu jedan na jedan, ukradete konje

engage in hand-to-hand combat, steal a bunch of horses,

and slap leather for home.

i vratite se kući sa plenom.

Džeronimo nikada nije rekao: "Ah, da ti kažem,

Geronimo was never saying, "You know something, my Achilles -- I'm tapering.

moja peta - moram da odmorim ove nedelje."

I've got to take this week off."

Or, "I need to cross-train. I didn't do yoga. I'm not ready."

ili: "Moram unakrsno da vežbam.

Nisam bio na jogi. Nisam spreman."

(Laughter)

Ljudi trče i trče sve vreme.

Humans ran and ran all the time.

We are here today. We have our digital technology.

Mi smo ovde danas. Imamo našu digitalnu tehnologiju.

All of our science comes from the fact

Sva naša nauka potiče iz proste činjenice

that our ancestors were able to do something extraordinary every day,

da su naši preci bili sposobni

da urade nešto neverovatno svakog dana,

which was just rely on their naked feet and legs

a to je da se oslanjaju na svoja bosa stopala i noge

to run long distances.

i trče velike razdaljine.

So how do we get back to that again?

Pa kako onda da se ponovo vratimo tome?

Well, I would submit to you the first thing is:

Pa, ja bih vam prvo predložio

da se otarasite svih pakovanja, prodaje i reklame.

get rid of all packaging, all the sales, all the marketing.

Get rid of all the stinking running shoes.

Otarasite se smrdljivih patika za trčanje.

Prestanite da se fokusirate na gradske maratone,

Stop focusing on urban marathons,

which, if you do four hours, you suck,

na kojima ste loši ukoliko ih istrčite za 4 sata.

and if you do 3:59:59, you're awesome,

Ali ako je vaše vreme 3.59.59 onda ste odlični

because you qualified for another race.

jer ste se kvalifikovali za drugu trku.

We need to get back to that sense of playfulness and joyfulness

Trebalo bi da se vratimo osećaju igranja i zabave

and, I would say, nakedness,

i, ja bih rekao, golotinje

što je učinilo Tarahumare

that has made the Tarahumara

one of the healthiest and serene cultures in our time.

jednim od najzdravijih i najspokojnijih kultura današnjice.

So what's the benefit? So what?

Pa u čemu je tu dobrobit? U čemu je stvar?

So you burn off the Häagen-Dazs from the night before.

Sagoreli biste sladoled "Hagen-Das" koji ste pojeli prethodne noći.

But maybe there's another benefit there as well.

Možda postoje tu i druge dobrobiti.

Without getting too extreme about this,

Da ne bih postao previše ekstreman u ovoj priči,

imagine a world where everybody could go out the door

zamislite svet

gde bi svi ljudi mogli da išetaju napolje

and engage in the kind of exercise

i krenu da se bave vežbanjem

that's going to make them more relaxed, more serene,

koje će ih učiniti opuštenijim, spokojnijim,

more healthy,

zdravijim,

burn off stress --

koje bi se otarasio stresa -

where you don't come back into your office a raging maniac anymore,

kada se ne biste više vraćali u kancelariju kao razuzdani manijak,

or go home with a lot of stress on top of you again.

ne biste se više vraćali kući sa tim stresom.

Maybe there's something between what we are today

Možda postoji nešto između onoga što smo mi danas

and what the Tarahumara have always been.

i onoga što su Tarahumare uvek bili.

I don't say let's go back to the Copper Canyons

Ne kažem vam sada hajde da se vratimo u Bakarni kanjon

and live on corn and maize, which is the Tarahumara's preferred diet,

i da živimo kukuruzu i miševima,

a to je omiljena ishrana Tarahumara,

but maybe there's somewhere in between.

ali možda postoji nešto između.

And if we find that thing,

I ukoliko pronađemo šta je to,

maybe there is a big fat Nobel Prize out there.

to je možda i vredno Nobelove nagrade.

Because if somebody could find a way to restore that natural ability

Jer ukoliko neko može da pronađe način

da povrati našu prirodnu sposobnost

that we all enjoyed for most of our existence

u kojoj smo mi svi uživali od našeg postanka,

up until the 1970s or so,

do '70-ih ili tako nešto,

the benefits -- social and physical and political and mental --

društvene i fizičke dobrobiti,

kao i političke i mentalne,

could be astounding.

bi mogle biti neverovatne.

What I've been seeing today is there is a growing subculture

Ono što uočavam danas je podkultura koja uzima maha -

of barefoot runners, people who've gotten rid of their shoes.

bosonogog trčanja, ljudi koji su se otarasili svojih patika.

And what they have found uniformly is,

I ono što su oni otkrili bez izuzetka

you get rid of the shoes, you get rid of the stress,

je da ukoliko se otarasite patika, otarasite se i stresa,

you get rid of the injuries and the ailments.

otarasite se povreda i bolesti.

And what you find is something the Tarahumara have known

I otkrijete nešto što

Tarahumare znaju već jako dugo vremena,

for a very long time:

that this can be a whole lot of fun.

da je to i jako zabavno.

I've experienced it personally myself.

Ja sam to i lično doživeo.

I was injured all my life; then in my early 40s, I got rid of my shoes

Povređivao sam se celog života,

i onda sam se u svojim ranim 40-im

and my running ailments have gone away, too.

otarasio patika i sve patnje su nestale.

So hopefully it's something we can all benefit from.

Nadajmo se da je to nešto od čega svi možemo imati koristi.

I appreciate your listening to this story.

Poštujem što ste saslušali moju priču. Hvala vam puno.

Thanks very much.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)