Why do we sleep? | Russell Foster

2,842,589 views ใƒป 2013-08-14

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: jeongki choi ๊ฒ€ํ† : lin piao
00:12
What I'd like to do today is talk about one of my favorite subjects,
0
12468
4365
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ,
00:16
and that is the neuroscience of sleep.
1
16857
2902
์ž ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ณผํ•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Now, there is a sound --
2
20542
2554
์ง€๊ธˆ, ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
(Alarm clock)
3
23120
2006
(์‹œ๊ณ„ ์•Œ๋žŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
00:25
Ah, it worked!
4
25150
2016
์•„, ์ž‘๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ตฐ์š” --
00:27
A sound that is desperately familiar to most of us,
5
27190
3578
๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
and of course it's the sound of the alarm clock.
6
30792
2340
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฑด ์•Œ๋žŒ ์‹œ๊ณ„ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
And what that truly ghastly, awful sound does
7
33156
3167
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ์„ฌ๋œฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
00:36
is stop the single most important behavioral experience
8
36347
5367
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํ–‰์œ„ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
that we have, and that's sleep.
9
41738
1970
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ž ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
If you're an average sort of person,
10
44695
3291
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ‰๊ท ์น˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
00:48
36 percent of your life will be spent asleep,
11
48010
4399
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ผ์ƒ์˜ 36%๋ฅผ ์ž ์ž๋Š”๋ฐ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
which means that if you live to 90,
12
52433
2211
๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณง ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด 90๋…„์„ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:54
then 32 years will have been spent entirely asleep.
13
54668
5572
32๋…„์€ ์ž ๋งŒ ์ž”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Now what that 32 years is telling us is that sleep at some level is important.
14
61587
4599
์ž, ๊ทธ 32๋…„์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”,
์ผ์ • ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ์ž ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹จ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
And yet, for most of us, we don't give sleep a second thought.
15
66857
2955
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ž ์— ํฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
We throw it away.
16
69836
1809
๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
01:11
We really just don't think about sleep.
17
71669
2547
์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ •๋ง์ด์ง€ ์ž ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
And so what I'd like to do today is change your views,
18
74921
3595
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
change your ideas and your thoughts about sleep.
19
78540
3175
์ž ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๊ด€๋…๊ณผ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
And the journey that I want to take you on,
20
81739
2367
์ž, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์—ฌ์ •,
์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
we need to start by going back in time.
21
84130
2418
01:28
"Enjoy the honey-heavy dew of slumber."
22
88706
3585
"๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์ด์Šฌ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž ์„ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋ผ"
01:33
Any ideas who said that?
23
93266
1319
๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๋ง์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋Š” ๋ถ„?
01:36
Shakespeare's Julius Caesar.
24
96640
2335
์„ธ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ ์ค„๋Ÿฌ์–ด์Šค ์‹œ์ €์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
Yes, let me give you a few more quotes.
25
98999
2000
์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ข€ ๋” ์ธ์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ ค๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:42
"O sleep, O gentle sleep, nature's soft nurse,
26
102621
3950
"์˜ค ์ž ์ด์—ฌ, ์˜ค ํ‰์˜จํ•œ ์ž ์ด์—ฌ, ๋Œ€์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์–‘์ˆœํ•œ ์œ ๋ชจ์—ฌ,
01:46
how have I frighted thee?"
27
106595
1325
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ์—?"
01:47
Shakespeare again, from -- I won't say it --
28
107944
2573
๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์„ธ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์ธ -- ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค --
01:50
the Scottish play.
29
110541
1374
์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ทน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. [์ •์ •: ํ—จ๋ฆฌ 4์„ธ, ํŒŒํŠธ2]
01:51
(Laughter)
30
111939
1251
(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:54
From the same time:
31
114577
1230
๋™์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ช…์–ธ์ธ:
01:55
"Sleep is the golden chain that ties health and our bodies together."
32
115831
4205
"์ž ์€ ๊ธˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์ด๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ชธ์„ ๋ฌถ์–ด์ค€๋‹ค."
02:00
Extremely prophetic, by Thomas Dekker, another Elizabethan dramatist.
33
120060
4179
๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์„ ์ง€์  ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ๋ฑ์ปค์˜ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌ์ž๋ฒ ์Šค 1์„ธ๋Œ€์˜ ๊ทน์ž‘๊ฐ€์ฃ .
02:04
But if we jump forward 400 years,
34
124636
3018
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 400๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ํ›„,
02:07
the tone about sleep changes somewhat.
35
127678
3341
์ž ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด์กฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค์†Œ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์—๋””์Šจ์ด ํ•œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
This is from Thomas Edison, from the beginning of the 20th century:
36
131043
3171
02:14
"Sleep is a criminal waste of time and a heritage from our cave days."
37
134238
3636
"์ž ์€ ์›์‹œ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ
์œ ์‚ฐ์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•ด ์˜จ ์ฃ„์•…์ด๋‹ค" ์ด๋Ÿฐ.
02:17
Bang!
38
137898
1183
(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:19
(Laughter)
39
139105
2041
02:21
And if we also jump into the 1980s, some of you may remember
40
141673
5092
๋‹ค์‹œ 1980๋…„๋Œ€๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€
๋งˆ๊ฐ€๋ › ๋Œ€์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ์ด ๋ง์„ ์•„์‹ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
that Margaret Thatcher was reported to have said,
41
146789
2350
"์ž ์€ ๊ฒ์Ÿ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
02:29
"Sleep is for wimps."
42
149163
1441
02:30
And of course the infamous -- what was his name? --
43
150628
2871
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์•…๋ช…๋†’์€ -- ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋ญ์˜€๋”๋ผ? --
02:33
the infamous Gordon Gekko from "Wall Street" said,
44
153523
2438
์˜ํ™” "์›”์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ"์˜ ์•…๋ž„ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋“  ๊ฒŒ์ฝ”๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
"Money never sleeps."
45
155985
1900
"๋ˆ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ž ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„."
02:38
What do we do in the 20th century about sleep?
46
158460
2656
20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:41
Well, of course, we use Thomas Edison's light bulb
47
161140
3341
๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ† ๋งˆ์Šค ์—๋””์Šจ์˜ ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ,
02:44
to invade the night, and we occupied the dark,
48
164505
2822
๋ฐค์„ ์นจ๋ฒ”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์–ด๋‘ ์„ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
and in the process of this occupation,
49
167351
2761
์ด ์ ๋ น์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž ์„ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์ฃ .
02:50
we've treated sleep as an illness, almost.
50
170136
2581
02:52
We've treated it as an enemy.
51
172741
2375
์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ž ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
At most now, I suppose, we tolerate the need for sleep,
52
175677
5367
ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ž‘์ปจ๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์˜ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ตœ์•…์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•„๋งˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž ์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
and at worst perhaps many of us think of sleep
53
181068
2167
03:03
as an illness that needs some sort of a cure.
54
183259
2964
์ผ์ข…์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:06
And our ignorance about sleep is really quite profound.
55
186247
3309
์ž ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•จ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ณจ์ด ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๊นŠ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
Why is it? Why do we abandon sleep in our thoughts?
56
190307
3337
์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”? ์™œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์†์—์„œ ์ž ์„ ๋–จ์ณ๋‚ด๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
03:13
Well, it's because you don't do anything much while you're asleep, it seems.
57
193668
3903
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์ž๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์„
ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จน์ง€๋„, ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
You don't eat. You don't drink.
58
198008
3004
03:21
And you don't have sex.
59
201513
1277
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„น์Šค๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
Well, most of us anyway.
60
202814
1404
์•„๋ฌดํŠผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
And so, therefore it's --
61
204242
1804
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ  -
03:26
Sorry.
62
206070
1158
์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‚ญ๋น„๊ตฐ์š”, ๋งž์•„์š”? ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
It's a complete waste of time, right?
63
208032
2236
03:30
Wrong.
64
210292
1373
03:31
Actually, sleep is an incredibly important part of our biology,
65
211689
3799
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ž ์€ ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ๋งŒํผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช… ํ™œ๋™์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ณ ,
03:35
and neuroscientists are beginning to explain
66
215512
2544
์‹  ๊ฒฝ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž ์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
03:38
why it's so very important.
67
218080
2046
์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So let's move to the brain.
68
220547
1900
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ์ข€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์ฃ .
03:43
Now, here we have a brain.
69
223383
3391
์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
This is donated by a social scientist,
70
228140
3821
์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋Š ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”์ง€,
03:51
and they said they didn't know what it was or indeed, how to use it, so --
71
231985
3595
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ --
03:55
(Laughter)
72
235604
2954
(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:58
Sorry.
73
238582
1161
์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
So I borrowed it.
74
240714
1580
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฑธ ๋นŒ๋ ค์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:02
I don't think they noticed. OK.
75
242318
1688
(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:04
(Laughter)
76
244030
2564
04:06
The point I'm trying to make is that when you're asleep,
77
246618
3173
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๋Š” ์š”์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋•Œ,
04:09
this thing doesn't shut down.
78
249815
1744
๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊บผ์ ธ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
In fact, some areas of the brain are actually more active
79
251583
2682
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์˜์—ญ์€ ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค
์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์‹ค์ œ ๋” ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
during the sleep state than during the wake state.
80
254289
2367
04:17
The other thing that's really important about sleep
81
257439
2406
์ž ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ง„์งœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€
04:19
is that it doesn't arise from a single structure within the brain,
82
259869
3126
์ž ์ด ๋‡Œ ์† ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด‰๋ฐœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž€๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
but is to some extent a network property.
83
263019
2157
04:25
If we flip the brain on its back --
84
265200
2432
๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์กŽํ˜€๋ณด๋ฉด --
04:27
I love this little bit of spinal cord here --
85
267656
2988
์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฒ™์ˆ˜์˜ ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งˆํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. --
04:30
this bit here is the hypothalamus,
86
270668
2905
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ์ƒํ•˜๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
and right under there is a whole raft of interesting structures,
87
273597
3814
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ์ธก์— ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
not least the biological clock.
88
277435
1581
๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
The biological clock tells us when it's good to be up,
89
279040
2615
์ƒ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ• ์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ ์ž ์„ ์ž์•ผํ• ์ง€
04:41
when it's good to be asleep,
90
281679
1548
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
and what that structure does is interact
91
283251
1928
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์€
์‹œ์ƒํ•˜๋ถ€, ์™ธ์ธก ์‹œ์ƒํ•˜๋ถ€, ๋ฐฐ์ธก์™ธ์ธก ์‹œ๊ฐ์ „ํ•ต ์•ˆ์˜
04:45
with a whole raft of other areas within the hypothalamus,
92
285203
3218
04:48
the lateral hypothalamus, the ventrolateral preoptic nuclei.
93
288445
2820
์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
All of those combine,
94
291289
1364
๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์ด ๋˜์–ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‡Œ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ์˜์ƒ์„
04:52
and they send projections down to the brain stem here.
95
292677
3187
๋‚ด๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
The brain stem then projects forward
96
295888
2977
๊ทธ ๋•Œ ๋‡Œ๊ด€์€ ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:58
and bathes the cortex, this wonderfully wrinkly bit over here,
97
298889
4045
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋ฆ„์žกํžŒ ์ด ๊ณณ, ํ”ผ์งˆ์— ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„
05:02
with neurotransmitters that keep us awake
98
302958
2434
ํ˜๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆด ๊นจ์–ด์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:05
and essentially provide us with our consciousness.
99
305416
2614
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์‹์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‡Œ์†์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ๋“ค๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
05:08
So sleep arises from a whole raft
100
308054
2716
05:10
of different interactions within the brain,
101
310794
2079
์ด‰๋ฐœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
and essentially, sleep is turned on and off
102
312897
2169
์ž ์€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
05:15
as a result of a range of interactions in here.
103
315090
2548
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฒ”์œ„ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ฃ ?
05:18
OK. So where have we got to?
104
318035
1865
05:19
We've said that sleep is complicated
105
319924
3526
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž ์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:23
and it takes 32 years of our life.
106
323474
4690
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ 32๋…„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„์š”.
05:28
But what I haven't explained is what sleep is about.
107
328188
3039
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ž ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
So why do we sleep?
108
331251
2126
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ์ž ์„ ์ž์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
05:33
And it won't surprise any of you that, of course,
109
333401
2294
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค๊ฐ„์—๋„
05:35
as scientists, we don't have a consensus.
110
335719
1968
๊ณต๊ฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์€ ๋†€๋ž„ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
There are dozens of different ideas about why we sleep,
111
337711
3274
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์™œ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๊ฐœ ์˜๊ฒฌ๋“ค์ด ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ค‘ 3๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐœ๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
and I'm going to outline three of those.
112
341009
1984
05:43
The first is sort of the restoration idea,
113
343517
2699
์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋ณต์›์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
and it's somewhat intuitive.
114
346240
1846
๋ญ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ง๊ด€์ ์ด์ฃ .
05:48
Essentially, all the stuff we've burned up during the day,
115
348110
2766
๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚ฎ ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋น„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„,
05:50
we restore, we replace, we rebuild during the night.
116
350900
3236
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐค์— ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•˜๊ณ , ์žฌ๊ฑดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
And indeed, as an explanation, it goes back to Aristotle,
117
354160
3452
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์„ค๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด
์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”ํ‹€๋ ˆ์Šค์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
so that's what -- 2,300 years ago.
118
357636
2177
๋Œ€๋žต 2,300๋…„ ์ „์ด์ฃ .
05:59
It's gone in and out of fashion.
119
359837
1597
์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ์œ ํ–‰ํƒ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
It's fashionable at the moment
120
361458
1445
ํ˜„์žฌ ์œ ํ–‰์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
06:02
because what's been shown is that within the brain,
121
362927
2393
๋‡Œ ์•ˆ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์ด
06:05
a whole raft of genes have been shown to be turned on only during sleep,
122
365344
4642
์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—๋งŒ ํ™œ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
and those genes are associated with restoration and metabolic pathways.
123
370010
4299
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์€ ํšŒ๋ณต๊ณผ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋“ค๊ณผ
๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:14
So there's good evidence for the whole restoration hypothesis.
124
374333
3531
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „์ฒด ํšŒ๋ณต ๊ฐ€์„ค์„ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ ํ•  ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
What about energy conservation?
125
378436
1968
์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ณด์กด ๊ด€์ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:20
Again, perhaps intuitive.
126
380428
2795
์—ญ์‹œ, ์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
06:23
You essentially sleep to save calories.
127
383764
2287
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž ์„ ์ž ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Now, when you do the sums, though, it doesn't really pan out.
128
386488
3446
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ œ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์‚ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž˜ ๋งž์•„ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
If you compare an individual who has slept at night,
129
389958
4320
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฐค์— ์ž ์„ ์ž” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ
๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณ„ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์•ˆํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:34
or stayed awake and hasn't moved very much,
130
394302
3707
์ž ์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์ ˆ์•ฝ์€ ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค์— ์•ฝ 110์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
the energy saving of sleeping is about 110 calories a night.
131
398033
4544
06:42
Now, that's the equivalent of a hot dog bun.
132
402601
2615
๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ ๋นต ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋งž๋จน๋Š” ์ˆ˜์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
Now, I would say that a hot dog bun
133
405934
3560
์ด์ œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”. ํ•ซ๋„๊ทธ ๋นต ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€
06:49
is kind of a meager return
134
409518
1793
์ž ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
06:51
for such a complicated and demanding behavior as sleep.
135
411335
2731
๋ฏธ์•ฝํ•˜๋‚˜๋งˆ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ณด์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:54
So I'm less convinced by the energy conservation idea.
136
414454
3229
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ณด์กด์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ƒ์—๋Š” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋™์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
But the third idea I'm quite attracted to,
137
418397
2200
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์—” ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:00
which is brain processing and memory consolidation.
138
420621
3455
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‡Œ์•ˆ์˜ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์˜ ์ •๋ˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
What we know is that, if after you've tried to learn a task,
139
424100
3878
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ๋Š”, ๋งŒ์ผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ ค ์• ์“ฐ๋‹ค
์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด,
07:08
and you sleep-deprive individuals,
140
428002
1810
07:09
the ability to learn that task is smashed.
141
429836
2541
๊ทธ ์—…๋ฌด์˜ ํ•™์Šต ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ์—‰๋ง์ด ๋˜๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:12
It's really hugely attenuated.
142
432401
3056
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ €ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:15
So sleep and memory consolidation is also very important.
143
435481
3040
์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์—ญ์‹œ ๊ฝค ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
However, it's not just the laying down of memory
144
438545
2501
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋“ค์„ ์ €์žฅํ•ด๋†“๊ณ 
07:21
and recalling it.
145
441070
1570
๊บผ๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
What's turned out to be really exciting
146
442664
2336
์‹ค์ œ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์€
๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐฉ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด
07:25
is that our ability to come up with novel solutions to complex problems
147
445024
4539
ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฐค์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•˜์—ฌ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
is hugely enhanced by a night of sleep.
148
449587
2418
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ป๋Š” ์ด์ต์€ 3 ๋ฐฐ ์ •๋„์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
In fact, it's been estimated to give us a threefold advantage.
149
452029
3403
07:35
Sleeping at night enhances our creativity.
150
455456
2643
๋ฐค์— ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
And what seems to be going on is that, in the brain,
151
458123
2856
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ๋‡Œ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋“ค๊ณผ
07:41
those neural connections that are important,
152
461003
2553
07:43
those synaptic connections that are important,
153
463580
2177
์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ์‹œ๋ƒ…์Šค ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋“ค์ด
07:45
are linked and strengthened,
154
465781
1507
์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๊ณ , ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
while those that are less important tend to fade away and be less important.
155
467312
4328
๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ค‘์š”๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
์ ์ฐจ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
OK.
156
472218
1151
์ž, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์™œ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด 3๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
So we've had three explanations for why we might sleep,
157
473393
3015
07:56
and I think the important thing to realize is that the details will vary,
158
476432
3654
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ž ์ž”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
and it's probable we sleep for multiple different reasons.
159
480110
3101
08:03
But sleep is not an indulgence.
160
483235
3126
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜์ง€๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
It's not some sort of thing that we can take on board rather casually.
161
486385
4631
๋ฌด์‹ฌ์ฝ” ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
I think that sleep was once likened to an upgrade
162
491040
3843
์ž ์ด ํ•œ ๋•Œ ์ด์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฏธ์„์—์„œ ๋น„์ง€๋‹ˆ์Šค์„์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—
08:14
from economy to business class, you know, the equivalent of.
163
494907
3024
๋น„์œ ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ •๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ์ง€์š”.
08:17
It's not even an upgrade from economy to first class.
164
497955
3397
์ด์ฝ”๋…ธ๋ฏธ์„์—์„œ 1๋“ฑ์„์œผ๋กœ ์ƒํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์กฐ์ฐจ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
The critical thing to realize is that if you don't sleep,
165
501748
5117
๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•„์•ผํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ž ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฅ™ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
you don't fly.
166
506889
1347
08:28
Essentially, you never get there.
167
508260
1647
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
And what's extraordinary about much of our society these days
168
510233
3285
์š”์ฆ˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘์— ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ ์€
08:33
is that we are desperately sleep-deprived.
169
513542
3049
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋„์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ ์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
So let's now look at sleep deprivation.
170
516615
2040
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ 
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜ ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
Huge sectors of society are sleep-deprived,
171
519298
2690
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ธก์ •๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
08:42
and let's look at our sleep-o-meter.
172
522012
2284
08:44
So in the 1950s, good data suggests that most of us
173
524764
3337
1950๋…„๋Œ€์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฐค๋งˆ๋‹ค 8์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ •๋„์˜
08:48
were getting around eight hours of sleep a night.
174
528125
2588
์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์ทจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
Nowadays, we sleep one and a half to two hours less every night,
175
531490
3854
์š”์ฆ˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜์—์„œ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋œ ์žก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
so we're in the six-and-a-half-hours every-night league.
176
535368
3475
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋งค์ผ๋ฐค-6์‹œ๊ฐ„๋ฐ˜" ๋ฆฌ๊ทธ์— ์†ํ•ด์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
For teenagers, it's worse, much worse.
177
539686
2934
10๋Œ€๋“ค์€์š”, ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์š”, ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜์ฃ .
09:02
They need nine hours for full brain performance,
178
542644
2958
๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ๋ฐœํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—” 9์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ
09:05
and many of them, on a school night, are only getting five hours of sleep.
179
545626
3643
ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋‚  ๋ฐค์—” ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
๋ถˆ๊ณผ 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
It's simply not enough.
180
549293
1628
๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ถฉ๋ถ„์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:10
If we think about other sectors of society -- the aged;
181
550945
3044
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋…„์ธต์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
09:14
if you are aged, then your ability to sleep in a single block
182
554013
4415
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ๊นจ์ง€์•Š๊ณ  ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์— ์ž๋Š” ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์—
09:18
is somewhat disrupted, and many sleep, again,
183
558452
2564
์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ง€์žฅ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋ จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค์‹œ
09:21
less than five hours a night.
184
561040
1412
ํ•˜๋ฃจ 5์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒˆ ์ž ์„ ์ž๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
09:22
Shift work.
185
562792
1157
๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด. ๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋Š” ๋” ๊ธฐ์ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
Shift work is extraordinary,
186
563973
1531
09:25
perhaps 20 percent of the working population,
187
565528
2484
์ „์ฒด ๋…ธ๋™ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ 20ํผ์„ผํŠธ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ฐค์— ์ผํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
09:28
and the body clock does not shift to the demands of working at night.
188
568036
3970
๋ฐ”๋€Œ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
It's locked onto the same light-dark cycle as the rest of us.
189
572030
3170
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋ฐค๋‚ฎ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด, ๊ณ ๋ น์˜ ๋ถˆ์Œํ•œ ๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž๊ฐ€ ํ‡ด๊ทผํ›„,
09:35
So when the poor old shift worker is going home
190
575224
2211
09:37
to try and sleep during the day, desperately tired,
191
577459
2477
๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์ณ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚ฎ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ž  ์ž๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด,
09:39
the body clock is saying, "Wake up. This is the time to be awake."
192
579960
3116
์‹ ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ผ๊ตฌ, ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ"
09:43
So the quality of sleep that you get as a night shift worker
193
583100
3056
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ด์œ ๋กœ, ๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž๊ฐ€ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ์ž ์˜ ์งˆ์€
09:46
is usually very poor, again in that sort of five-hour region.
194
586180
2956
๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋งค์šฐ ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ 5์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์–ธ์ €๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ 
09:49
And then, of course, tens of millions of people suffer from jet lag.
195
589563
3513
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , ์•„์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ˆ˜์ฒœ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์‹œ์ฐจ์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์ƒ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
So who here has jet lag?
196
593100
2368
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋Š๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ์ฐจ์ฆ์„ ์•“๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:56
Well, my goodness gracious.
197
596389
1952
์•„์ด๊ตฌ ์„ธ์ƒ์—๋‚˜..
09:58
Well, thank you very much indeed for not falling asleep,
198
598365
2806
๊ณจ์•„๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
because that's what your brain is craving.
199
601195
2674
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์ ˆํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋ž˜์„œ์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:03
One of the things that the brain does is indulge in micro-sleeps,
200
603893
5314
๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
๊นœ๋นก ์กฐ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
this involuntary falling asleep,
201
609231
1745
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌด์˜์‹์ค‘์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€
10:11
and you have essentially no control over it.
202
611000
2213
๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ œ์–ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
Now, micro-sleeps can be sort of somewhat embarrassing,
203
613237
2759
๊นœ๋นก ์กฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹นํ™ฉ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ •๋„๋ผ ์—ฌ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
but they can also be deadly.
204
616020
1976
31ํผ์„ผํŠธ์˜ ์šด์ „์ž๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์•  ์ตœ์†Œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ์€
10:18
It's been estimated that 31 percent of drivers
205
618020
3655
10:21
will fall asleep at the wheel at least once in their life,
206
621699
4282
์šด์ „์ค‘์— ์กฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ฝค ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
and in the US, the statistics are pretty good:
207
626005
2166
10:28
100,000 accidents on the freeway have been associated with tiredness,
208
628195
5197
๊ณ ์†๋„๋กœ ์œ„์—์„œ์˜ 10๋งŒ๊ฑด์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๊ฐ€
ํ”ผ๋กœ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ๋ถ€์กฑ,
10:33
loss of vigilance, and falling asleep -- a hundred thousand a year.
209
633416
3164
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กธ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งค๋…„ 10๋งŒ๊ฑด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ˆ˜์น˜์ด์ฃ .
10:36
It's extraordinary.
210
636604
1158
10:37
At another level of terror,
211
637786
2065
ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์›์œผ๋กœ,
10:39
we dip into the tragic accidents at Chernobyl
212
639875
3578
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ฒด๋ฅด๋…ธ๋นŒ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์™€
10:43
and indeed the space shuttle Challenger,
213
643477
2123
์‹ค์ œ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ € ์šฐ์ฃผ์„ ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
which was so tragically lost.
214
645624
1929
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”์ฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์˜€์ฃ .
10:47
And in the investigations that followed those disasters,
215
647577
3401
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์ฐธ์‚ฌ ํ›„ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์™€, ์กฐ์‹ฌ์„ฑ ๋ถ€์กฑ,
10:51
poor judgment as a result of extended shift work
216
651002
2994
10:54
and loss of vigilance and tiredness
217
654020
2282
ํ”ผ๋กœ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํŒ๋‹จ๋ ฅ ์ €ํ•˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
10:56
was attributed to a big chunk of those disasters.
218
656326
3914
์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์žฌ์•™์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์น˜๊ณ  ์ž ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋ฉด,
11:02
When you're tired and you lack sleep,
219
662408
2079
11:04
you have poor memory, you have poor creativity,
220
664511
3621
๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ์ด ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ๋™์ ์ด ๋˜๊ณ ,
11:08
you have increased impulsiveness,
221
668156
2107
11:10
and you have overall poor judgment.
222
670287
2603
๋Œ€์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
But my friends, it's so much worse than that.
223
672914
3087
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:16
(Laughter)
224
676025
2047
11:18
If you are a tired brain,
225
678096
1960
๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ณ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด,
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊นจ์›Œ์ค„ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
the brain is craving things to wake it up.
226
680080
2936
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ œ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ. ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์€
11:23
So drugs, stimulants.
227
683040
2166
11:25
Caffeine represents the stimulant of choice
228
685230
3670
์„œ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ œ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๊ฒฉ์ด์ฃ .
11:28
across much of the Western world.
229
688924
1580
11:30
Much of the day is fueled by caffeine,
230
690528
2023
์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ ๋“ค์„ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ณ ,
11:32
and if you're a really naughty tired brain, nicotine.
231
692575
3014
์ง„์งœ๋กœ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ ์•ˆ๋˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ณ์žˆ์„ ๋•, ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ฃ .
11:35
Of course, you're fueling the waking state with these stimulants,
232
695613
3293
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊นจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ์„ฑ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ์ฃผ์ž…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
and then, of course, it gets to 11 o'clock at night,
233
698930
2436
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐค 11์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ ,
๋‡Œ๋Š” ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„. ์ง„์งœ๋กœ,
11:41
and the brain says to itself,
234
701390
1388
11:42
"Actually, I need to be asleep fairly shortly.
235
702802
2162
๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์งง๊ฒŒ๋ผ๋„ ์ž ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ.
11:44
What do we do about that when I'm feeling completely wired?"
236
704988
2869
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–ด์ง€๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๋•Œ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?"
11:47
Well, of course, you then resort to alcohol.
237
707881
2286
๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Ÿด ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ˆ ์— ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Now alcohol, short-term, you know, once or twice,
238
710765
3231
์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ˆ ์€ ๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๋‘๋ฒˆ
11:54
to use to mildly sedate you, can be very useful.
239
714020
2751
๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
It can actually ease the sleep transition.
240
716795
2856
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์šฉ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ตฌ์š”.
11:59
But what you must be so aware of is that alcohol doesn't provide sleep.
241
719675
5248
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•Œ์ฝœ์€ ์ž ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
12:04
A biological mimic for sleep,
242
724947
1467
์ƒ์ฒดํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๋‚ด๋‚ธ ์ž ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ , ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์•ˆ์ •์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
it sedates you.
243
726438
1207
12:07
So it actually harms some of the neural processing
244
727669
3365
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋ก  ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณผ์ •์— ํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
๊ธฐ์–ต ๊ณต๊ณ ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •๊ณผ
12:11
that's going on during memory consolidation and memory recall.
245
731058
2928
๊ธฐ์–ต ํšŒ์ƒ ๊ณผ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹จ๊ธฐ์  ๊ธ‰์„ฑ ์ฒ˜๋ฐฉ์ด๋‹ˆ,
12:14
So it's a short-term acute measure,
246
734010
2164
12:16
but for goodness sake,
247
736198
1158
์ œ๋ฐœ, ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค ์ž ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ
12:17
don't become addicted to alcohol
248
737380
2010
์•Œ์ฝœ์— ์ค‘๋…๋˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
as a way of getting to sleep every night.
249
739414
2069
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Another connection between loss of sleep is weight gain.
250
742095
3525
12:25
If you sleep around about five hours or less every night,
251
745644
3595
๋งŒ์ผ ๋งค์ผ ๋ฐค 5์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ž ์ž๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
12:29
then you have a 50 percent likelihood of being obese.
252
749263
3845
๋น„๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด 50%๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
12:33
What's the connection here?
253
753132
1723
12:34
Well, sleep loss seems to give rise to the release of the hormone ghrelin,
254
754879
4364
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ๋ฆฐ ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์˜ ๋ถ„๋น„๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜ธ๋ฅด๋ชฌ์ด์ฃ .
12:39
the hunger hormone.
255
759267
1157
12:40
Ghrelin is released.
256
760448
1152
๊ทธ๋ ๋ฆฐ์ด ๋ถ„๋น„๋˜๊ณ  ๋‡Œ๋กœ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:41
It gets to the brain.
257
761624
1411
12:43
The brain says, "I need carbohydrates,"
258
763059
2783
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚œ ํƒ„์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด"
12:45
and what it does is seek out carbohydrates and particularly sugars.
259
765866
3603
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํƒ„์ˆ˜ํ™”๋ฌผ,
ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
So there's a link between tiredness
260
769493
2691
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ๊ณผ
์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹ ์ง„๋Œ€์‚ฌ์  ์†Œ์ธ์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:52
and the metabolic predisposition for weight gain: stress.
261
772208
3570
์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค, ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
Tired people are massively stressed.
262
775802
2278
12:58
And one of the things of stress, of course, is loss of memory,
263
778890
3269
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ,
๊ธฐ์–ต๋ ฅ ์ƒ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
which is what I sort of just then had a little lapse of.
264
782183
3843
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นœ๋นก๊นœ๋นกํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:07
But stress is so much more.
265
787140
1981
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชน์‹œ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
So, if you're acutely stressed, not a great problem,
266
789145
3150
13:12
but it's sustained stress associated with sleep loss that's the problem.
267
792319
3775
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š”
์ง„์งœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์†์‹ค์„ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ง€์†์  ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฉด์—ญ๋ ฅ ์–ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
Sustained stress leads to suppressed immunity.
268
796118
4077
13:20
And so, tired people tend to have higher rates of overall infection,
269
800219
3563
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋†’์€ ๊ฐ์—ผ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:23
and there's some very good studies
270
803806
1652
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ๋งŒํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
13:25
showing that shift workers, for example, have higher rates of cancer.
271
805482
3402
์ผ๋ก€๋กœ ๊ต๋Œ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž์˜ ์•” ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘์œจ์ด ๋” ๋†’๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
Increased levels of stress throw glucose into the circulation.
272
808908
3824
์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ํฌ๋„๋‹น์„ ์ˆœํ™˜์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
Glucose becomes a dominant part of the vasculature
273
812756
4018
ํฌ๋„๋‹น์€ ํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ๋‚ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
13:36
and essentially you become glucose intolerant.
274
816798
2468
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ํฌ๋„๋‹น ๊ณผ๋ฏผ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
Therefore, diabetes 2.
275
819290
1923
๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 2ํ˜• ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘์ด ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
Stress increases cardiovascular disease as a result of raising blood pressure.
276
821609
5882
์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋Š” ์‹ฌํ˜ˆ๊ด€ ์งˆํ™˜์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ ,
์ด๋Š” ํ˜ˆ์•• ์ƒ์Šน์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
So there's a whole raft of things associated with sleep loss
277
827515
3293
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒ๋‹น์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์†์‹ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ณ„์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
that are more than just a mildly impaired brain,
278
830832
3623
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ๋‡Œ์˜ ์†์ƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
which is where I think most people think that sleep loss resides.
279
834479
3110
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์†์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
So at this point in the talk, this is a nice time to think,
280
837613
3383
์ด ์‹œ์ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ข‹์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
"Well, do you think on the whole I'm getting enough sleep?"
281
841020
3190
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:04
So a quick show of hands.
282
844234
1754
์žฌ๋นจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์†์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋Š ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ž ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”์ง€์š”?
14:06
Who feels that they're getting enough sleep here?
283
846012
2586
์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ์ƒ์  ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
Oh. Well, that's pretty impressive.
284
849067
2445
14:11
Good. We'll talk more about that later, about what are your tips.
285
851536
3079
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธด ๋‹ค์Œ์— ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ . ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์š”๋ น์ด ๋ญ”์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:14
So most of us, of course, ask the question,
286
854639
2396
๋ฌผ๋ก , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
"์ €๊ธฐ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž ์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ ?"
14:17
"How do I know whether I'm getting enough sleep?"
287
857059
2307
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด๊ฑด ๋กœ์ผ€ํŠธ ๊ณตํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
Well, it's not rocket science.
288
859390
1436
14:20
If you need an alarm clock to get you out of bed in the morning,
289
860850
3062
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•„์นจ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ž ์„ ๊นจ์›Œ์ค„ ์•Œ๋žŒ ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
14:23
if you are taking a long time to get up,
290
863936
2037
์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
14:25
if you need lots of stimulants,
291
865997
1531
๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ์„ฑ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
14:27
if you're grumpy, if you're irritable,
292
867552
1944
์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ดดํŒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์งœ์ฆ์„ ์ž˜๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
14:29
if you're told by your work colleagues that you're looking tired and irritable,
293
869520
3798
์ฃผ์œ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด๋ณด์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งœ์ฆ๋‚œ ๋“ฏ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹จ ์†Œ๋ฆด ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด,
14:33
chances are you are sleep-deprived.
294
873342
2325
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์กฑ์ผ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
Listen to them. Listen to yourself.
295
875691
2109
๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”. ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”.
14:37
What do you do?
296
877824
1443
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:39
Well -- and this is slightly offensive --
297
879291
2033
-- ์ด๊ฑด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ --
14:41
sleep for dummies.
298
881348
1157
๋ฉ์ฒญ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ง€์นจ์„œ:
14:42
(Laughter)
299
882529
2120
14:44
Make your bedroom a haven for sleep.
300
884673
2785
์นจ์‹ค์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ์‹์ฒ˜๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ์„ธ์š”.
14:47
The first critical thing is make it as dark as you possibly can,
301
887482
3504
๋จผ์ € ์ œ์ผ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์–ด๋‘ก๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
and also make it slightly cool.
302
891010
1841
์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์„œ๋Š˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
Very important.
303
892875
1152
์‹ค์ œ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „ ์ตœ์†Œ 30๋ถ„์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
14:54
Actually, reduce your amount of light exposure
304
894051
2906
14:56
at least half an hour before you go to bed.
305
896981
2349
๋น›์˜ ๋…ธ์ถœ์–‘์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
Light increases levels of alertness and will delay sleep.
306
899354
2753
๋น›์€ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„์‹ฌ์„ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ , ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
15:02
What's the last thing that most of us do before we go to bed?
307
902131
2863
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ์€ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์— ์„œ์„œ,
15:05
We stand in a massively lit bathroom,
308
905018
2369
๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์–‘์น˜์งˆ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
looking into the mirror cleaning our teeth.
309
907411
2095
15:09
It's the worst thing we can possibly do before we go to sleep.
310
909530
3555
์ด๊ฑด ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ์ „ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋„์‹œ๊ณ , ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋„ ๋„์„ธ์š”.
15:13
Turn off those mobile phones. Turn off those computers.
311
913109
2703
15:15
Turn off all of those things that are also going to excite the brain.
312
915836
3716
๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ํฅ๋ถ„์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ค‘ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์นดํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
15:20
Try not to drink caffeine too late in the day,
313
920155
2664
15:22
ideally not after lunch.
314
922843
2848
์ด์ƒ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ ์‹ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ดํ›„์—๋Š”์š”.
15:25
Now, we've set about reducing light exposure before you go to bed,
315
925715
3301
ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋น›์˜ ๋…ธ์ถœ์„ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ™์ง€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
but light exposure in the morning
316
929040
1932
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์นจ์˜ ํ–‡์‚ด์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
15:30
is very good at setting the biological clock to the light-dark cycle.
317
930996
3291
์ƒ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐค๋‚ฎ์ฃผ๊ธฐ์— ๋งž์ถ”๋Š”๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
So seek out morning light.
318
934311
1659
์•„์นจ์˜ ํ–‡์‚ด์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:35
Basically, listen to yourself.
319
935994
2456
๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ท€ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์„ธ์š”.
15:38
Wind down.
320
938474
1152
๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ์™„ํ™”์‹œ์ผœ์ค„ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:39
Do those sorts of things
321
939650
1162
15:40
that you know are going to ease you off
322
940836
2022
๋‹ฌ์ฝคํ•œ ์ž ์˜ ์ด์Šฌ๋กœ ๋น ์ ธ๋“ค๋„๋ก
15:42
into the honey-heavy dew of slumber.
323
942882
2678
๋…ธ๊ณคํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:46
OK.
324
946195
1159
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ์‹ ์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
15:47
That's some facts. What about some myths?
325
947378
2302
15:49
Teenagers are lazy.
326
949704
1282
์‹ญ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅด๋‹ค. ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ฆฌ์„์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
No. Poor things.
327
951010
1864
15:52
They have a biological predisposition to go to bed late and get up late,
328
952898
3426
์‹ญ๋Œ€๋“ค์€ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ž๊ณ  ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”
์ƒ์ฒด์  ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํœด์‹์„ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
15:56
so give them a break.
329
956348
1289
15:57
We need eight hours of sleep a night.
330
957661
2880
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃป๋ฐค์— 8์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:01
That's an average.
331
961392
1156
์ด๊ฑด ํ‰๊ท ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋œ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Some people need more. Some people need less.
332
962572
2268
16:04
And what you need to do is listen to your body.
333
964864
2213
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ผ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชธ์— ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
Do you need that much or do you need more?
334
967101
2341
๊ทธ ์ •๋„๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฐ€์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:09
Simple as that.
335
969466
1376
์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
Old people need less sleep.
336
970866
2120
๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ž ์ด ์—†๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
Not true.
337
973010
1650
16:14
The sleep demands of the aged do not go down.
338
974684
2520
๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์š•๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
Essentially, sleep fragments and becomes less robust,
339
977584
3295
๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž ์ด ๋ถ„์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ๋œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•ด์งˆ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€
16:20
but sleep requirements do not go down.
340
980903
2747
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์š•๊ตฌ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:23
And the fourth myth is early to bed, early to rise
341
983674
3905
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„ค๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์€,
์ผ์ฐ ์ž๊ณ , ์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด
16:27
makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
342
987603
2643
๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ , ๋ถ€์œ ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ , ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
Well, that's wrong at so many different levels.
343
990270
2756
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:33
(Laughter)
344
993050
2331
16:35
There is no evidence that getting up early and going to bed early
345
995405
4515
์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ฐ ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
gives you more wealth at all.
346
999944
1420
16:41
There's no difference in socioeconomic status.
347
1001388
2608
์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์€ ๋ณ„๋ฐ˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
In my experience,
348
1004020
1151
์ œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ƒ์œผ๋กœ, ์•„์นจํ˜• ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ €๋…ํ˜• ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜
16:45
the only difference between morning people and evening people
349
1005195
2885
์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€
์ผ์ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
16:48
is that those people that get up in the morning early
350
1008104
2501
16:50
are just horribly smug.
351
1010629
1292
๋‹จ์ง€ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ์šฐ์ญ๋Œ„๋‹ค๋Š” ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
(Laughter)
352
1011945
1271
(์›ƒ์Œ) (๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:53
(Applause)
353
1013240
3303
16:56
OK.
354
1016567
1152
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋‚จ์€ ๋ช‡๋ถ„๋™์•ˆ
16:57
So for the last few minutes,
355
1017743
1526
16:59
what I want to do is change gears
356
1019293
1873
์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์–ด ๋ณ€์†์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
17:01
and talk about some really new, breaking areas of neuroscience,
357
1021190
3749
์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ณผํ•™ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
which is the association between mental health,
358
1024963
2884
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘, ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€ ๊ฐ„์˜
17:07
mental illness and sleep disruption.
359
1027871
2294
๊ฐœ์—ฐ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถ„์•ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:10
We've known for 130 years that in severe mental illness,
360
1030189
4100
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 130๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์—”
ํ•ญ์ƒ, ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
there is always, always sleep disruption,
361
1034313
3284
17:17
but it's been largely ignored.
362
1037621
1458
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ์ฃ .
17:19
In the 1970s, when people started to think about this again,
363
1039103
2824
1970๋…„๋Œ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
17:21
they said, "Yes, well, of course you have sleep disruption in schizophrenia,
364
1041951
3806
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ , "๋งž์•„์š”, ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ์—” ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€์ด
์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์•ฝ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
because they're on antipsychotics.
365
1045781
2047
17:27
It's the antipsychotics causing the sleep problems,"
366
1047852
3012
ํ•ญ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์•ฝ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”."
17:30
ignoring the fact that for a hundred years previously,
367
1050888
2929
์•ž์„  100์—ฌ๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ฌด์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
sleep disruption had been reported before antipsychotics.
368
1053841
3981
์ˆ˜๋ฉด๊ต๋ž€์ด ํ•ญ์ •์‹ ๋ณ‘์•ฝ ๋ณต์šฉ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ๊ฒจ์™”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
17:37
So what's going on?
369
1057846
1800
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
17:39
Several groups are studying
370
1059670
3004
๋งŽ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋“ค, ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€
17:42
conditions like depression, schizophrenia and bipolar
371
1062698
3298
์šฐ์šธ์ฆ, ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ, ์กฐ์šธ์ฆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
17:46
and what's going on in terms of sleep disruption.
372
1066020
2369
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€ ๊ด€์ ์—์„  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ง„์ฒ™๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
17:48
We have a big study which we published last year on schizophrenia,
373
1068770
3714
์ž‘๋…„์— ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:52
and the data were quite extraordinary.
374
1072508
3449
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ •๋ง์ด์ง€ ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:55
In those individuals with schizophrenia,
375
1075981
2952
์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์€
17:58
much of the time, they were awake during the night phase
376
1078957
3893
๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐค์ค‘์— ๊นจ์–ด์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
18:02
and then they were asleep during the day.
377
1082874
2190
๋‚ฎ๋™์•ˆ์€ ์ž ์„ ์žค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ 24์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:05
Other groups showed no 24-hour patterns whatsoever --
378
1085088
2539
18:07
their sleep was absolutely smashed.
379
1087651
1945
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—‰๋ง์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:09
And some had no ability to regulate their sleep by the light-dark cycle.
380
1089620
4164
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ๋ฐค๋‚ฎ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:13
They were getting up later and later and later and later each night.
381
1093808
3242
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์ผ ์ ์  ๋” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ, ๋” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ, ๋” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—‰๋ง์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
It was smashed.
382
1097074
1273
18:18
So what's going on?
383
1098371
2187
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
18:20
And the really exciting news
384
1100582
1524
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
is that mental illness and sleep are not simply associated,
385
1102130
5579
์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
18:27
but they are physically linked within the brain.
386
1107733
2714
๋‡Œ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:30
The neural networks that predispose you to normal sleep,
387
1110471
2934
์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š”, ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ž ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง๊ณผ
18:33
give you normal sleep,
388
1113429
1261
์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ •์‹  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”
18:34
and those that give you normal mental health, are overlapping.
389
1114714
3130
์‹ ๊ฒฝ๋ง๋“ค์ด ๊ฒน์ณ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
And what's the evidence for that?
390
1118344
1659
์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •์ƒ์  ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์งˆ ๋•Œ
18:40
Well, genes that have been shown
391
1120027
2913
18:42
to be very important in the generation of normal sleep,
392
1122964
2930
๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ „์ž๋“ค์ด
18:45
when mutated, when changed,
393
1125918
1743
๋ณ€์ด๋˜๊ณ , ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
18:47
also predispose individuals to mental health problems.
394
1127685
3332
ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜ ์„ฑํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘๋…„์—, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
And last year, we published a study
395
1131041
1961
๊ทธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ์œ ์ „์ž๊ฐ€
18:53
which showed that a gene that's been linked to schizophrenia,
396
1133026
3363
18:56
when mutated, also smashes the sleep.
397
1136413
3356
๋ณ€์ด๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ๋ง์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
So we have evidence of a genuine mechanistic overlap
398
1139793
3323
์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ
19:03
between these two important systems.
399
1143140
2135
์‹ค์ œ ๋ฉ”์นด๋‹ˆ์ฆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์ฒฉ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:05
Other work flowed from these studies.
400
1145806
2000
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์—…๋“ค์ด ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
The first was that sleep disruption
401
1147830
3176
์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํŠน์ • ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜
19:11
actually precedes certain types of mental illness,
402
1151030
3878
์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜์— ์„ ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
and we've shown that in those young individuals
403
1154932
2412
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์šธ์ฆ ๋ฐœ๋ณ‘๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์€ ์œ„ํ—˜๊ตฐ์˜
19:17
who are at high risk of developing bipolar disorder,
404
1157368
3385
์ Š์€์ด๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
they already have a sleep abnormality
405
1160777
2493
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ์šธ์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ•™์  ์ง„๋‹จ์— ์•ž์„œ
19:23
prior to any clinical diagnosis of bipolar.
406
1163294
3494
์ด๋ฏธ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์ด์ƒ์„ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
The other bit of data was that sleep disruption
407
1167463
5725
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€์ด
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์†ํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
19:33
may actually exacerbate, make worse, the mental illness state.
408
1173212
4142
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
My colleague Dan Freeman has used a range of agents
409
1177378
2638
์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ์ธ ๋Œ„ ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋จผ์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์•ˆ์ •์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ํ”ผํ•ด ๋ง์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ค€์„
19:40
which have stabilized sleep and reduced levels of paranoia
410
1180040
3544
19:43
in those individuals by 50 percent.
411
1183608
2248
50%๊นŒ์ง€ ์ค„์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:46
So what have we got?
412
1186189
1595
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ญ˜ ์–ป์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
19:47
We've got, in these connections, some really exciting things.
413
1187808
5262
์ด๋“ค ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
In terms of the neuroscience,
414
1193721
1402
์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ
19:55
by understanding these two systems,
415
1195147
1746
์ด ๋‘ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ณผํ•™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
19:56
we're really beginning to understand how both sleep and mental illness
416
1196917
3300
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด๊ณผ ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜์ด
๋‡Œ์—์„œ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜๊ณ  ์ œ์–ด๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‹ค์ œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:00
are generated and regulated within the brain.
417
1200241
2863
20:03
The second area is that if we can use sleep
418
1203128
3691
๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด๊ณผ
20:06
and sleep disruption as an early warning signal,
419
1206843
2484
์ˆ˜๋ฉด ๊ต๋ž€์„ ์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„ ์‹ ํ˜ธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
20:09
then we have the chance of going in.
420
1209351
2246
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:11
If we know these individuals are vulnerable,
421
1211621
2405
์ด๋“ค ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
20:14
early intervention then becomes possible.
422
1214050
2519
์กฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐœ์ž…์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
And the third, which I think is the most exciting,
423
1216593
2571
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฅ๋ถ„๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
20:19
is that we can think of the sleep centers within the brain
424
1219188
2778
๋‡Œ์•ˆ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด ์„ผํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
as a new therapeutic target.
425
1221990
1356
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
20:23
Stabilize sleep in those individuals who are vulnerable,
426
1223370
2890
์ทจ์•ฝ์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์„ ์•ˆ์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
20:26
we can certainly make them healthier,
427
1226284
1987
20:28
but also alleviate some of the appalling symptoms of mental illness.
428
1228295
4691
์—ญ์‹œ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์ฆ์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์™„ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
So let me just finish.
429
1233010
1362
์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
What I started by saying is: Take sleep seriously.
430
1234396
3267
์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
Our attitudes toward sleep are so very different
431
1237687
2449
์ž ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํƒœ๋„๋Š” ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:40
from a pre-industrial age,
432
1240160
1525
์ด๋ถˆ์— ๋ชธ์„ ์นญ์นญ ๊ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜
20:41
when we were almost wrapped in a duvet.
433
1241709
2103
์‚ฐ์—… ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
20:43
We used to understand intuitively the importance of sleep.
434
1243836
3439
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์ž ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:47
And this isn't some sort of crystal-waving nonsense.
435
1247299
3555
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ„ธ-์›จ์ด๋น™ ๋„Œ์„ผ์Šค ๊ฐ™์€๊ฑด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:50
This is a pragmatic response to good health.
436
1250878
2620
์ด๊ฑด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€์‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
If you have good sleep, it increases your concentration,
437
1253522
2817
์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ์ž๋ฉด, ์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ๊ณผ
20:56
attention, decision-making, creativity, social skills, health.
438
1256363
3985
์ฃผ์˜๋ ฅ, ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋ ฅ, ์ฐฝ์˜๋ ฅ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
If you get sleep, it reduces your mood changes, your stress,
439
1260372
4325
์ž ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌด์‹œ๋ฉด, ๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ๋ณ€ํ™”, ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค
21:04
your levels of anger, your impulsivity,
440
1264721
2133
๋ถ„๋…ธ ์ˆ˜์น˜, ์ถฉ๋™์„ฑ
21:06
and your tendency to drink and take drugs.
441
1266878
2593
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Œ์ฃผ์™€ ์•ฝ๋ณต์šฉ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:09
And we finished by saying
442
1269495
2835
์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
that an understanding of the neuroscience of sleep
443
1272354
3126
์ž ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋Š”
21:15
is really informing the way we think
444
1275504
2804
์ •์‹  ์งˆํ™˜์˜ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ์›์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ
21:18
about some of the causes of mental illness,
445
1278332
2510
๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:20
and indeed is providing us new ways
446
1280866
2056
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์‹ฌ์•ฝํ•ด์ง„ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ
21:22
to treat these incredibly debilitating conditions.
447
1282946
3459
์น˜๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Œ€์•ˆ์„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
Jim Butcher, the fantasy writer, said,
448
1287666
3810
ํŒํƒ€์ง€ ์†Œ์„ค๊ฐ€ ์ง ๋ฒ„์ฒ˜๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
"Sleep is God. Go worship."
449
1291500
2021
"์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ ์‹ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ˆญ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋ผ"
21:33
And I can only recommend that you do the same.
450
1293545
2207
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
Thank you for your attention.
451
1295776
1428
๊ฒฝ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
21:37
(Applause)
452
1297228
3764

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7