Shereen El Feki: Pop culture in the Arab world

139,001 views ใƒป 2009-12-11

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Amit Lampit ืžื‘ืงืจ: Gabriela Elazar
00:17
Hello, everyone. Because this is my first time at TED,
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ืฉืœื•ื ืœื›ื•ืœื. ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื• ื”ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘- TED,
00:21
I've decided to bring along an old friend
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ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืื™ืชื™ ื—ื‘ืจื” ื•ืชื™ืงื”
00:23
to help break the ice a bit.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืงืฆืช ืืช ื”ืงืจื—.
00:27
Yes. That's right. This is Barbie.
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ื›ืŸ. ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื‘ืจื‘ื™.
00:30
She's 50 years old. And she's looking as young as ever.
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ื”ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืช 50, ื•ื ืจืื™ืช ืฆืขื™ืจื” ืžืชืžื™ื“.
00:33
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:34
But I'd also like to introduce you to
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื’ื ืœืขืจื•ืš ืœื›ื ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช
00:36
what may be an unfamiliar face.
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ืขื ืคื ื™ื ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื›ืจื•ืช.
00:40
This is Fulla. Fulla is the Arab world's answer to Barbie.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืคื•ืœื”. ืคื•ืœื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ ืœื‘ืจื‘ื™.
00:45
Now, according to proponents of the clash of civilizations,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืขืค"ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ื”ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช,
00:48
Barbie and Fulla occupy these completely separate spheres.
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ื‘ืจื‘ื™ ื•ืคื•ืœื” ื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ.
00:52
They have different interests. They have divergent values.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื™ื. ื™ืฉ ืœื”ืŸ ืขืจื›ื™ื ืกื•ืชืจื™ื.
00:55
And should they ever come in contact ...
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ื•ืื ื”ืŸ ืื™-ืคืขื ื™ื™ืคื’ืฉื• ...
00:58
well, I've got to tell you, it's just not going to be pretty.
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ืื ื™ ืžื•ื›ืจื—ื” ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, ื–ื” ืœื ื™ื™ื’ืžืจ ื˜ื•ื‘.
01:01
My experience, however, in the Islamic world is very different.
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื™ืกืœืืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื”.
01:05
Where I work, in the Arab region,
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ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขืจื‘, ืฉื ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช,
01:07
people are busy taking up Western innovations
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืžืฆื™ื ื”ืžืฆืื•ืช ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช
01:09
and changing them into things
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ื•ืžืฉื ื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ื
01:11
which are neither conventionally Western,
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ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื‘ื”ืง,
01:13
nor are they traditionally Islamic.
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ืืš ื’ื ืœื ืื™ืกืœืžื™ื™ื ืžืกื•ืจืชื™ื™ื.
01:15
I want to show you two examples.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืฉืชื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช.
01:17
The first is 4Shbab.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื 4Shbab.
01:19
It means "for youth" and it's a new Arab TV channel.
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”ื™ื 'ืœื ื•ืขืจ', ื•ื–ื”ื• ืขืจื•ืฅ ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืขืจื‘ื™ ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:23
(Video): Video clips from across the globe.
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(ื•ื™ื“ืื•): ืงืœื™ืคื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:26
The USA.
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ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
01:28
โ™ซ I am not afraid to stand alone โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ โ™ซ
01:32
โ™ซ I am not afraid to stand alone, if Allah is by my side โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“, ืื ืืœืœื” ืœืฆื™ื“ื™ โ™ซ
01:36
โ™ซ I am not afraid to stand alone โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ โ™ซ
01:39
โ™ซ Everything will be all right โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ื”ื›ืœ ื™ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ โ™ซ
01:41
โ™ซ I am not afraid to stand alone โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ืื ื™ ืœื ืžืคื—ื“ ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืœื‘ื“ โ™ซ
01:43
The Arab world.
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ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืขืจื‘ื™.
01:46
(Music)
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(ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”)
02:00
โ™ซ She was preserved by modesty of the religion โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ื”ื™ื ื ืฉืžืจื” ืข"ื™ ื”ืฆื ื™ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื“ืช โ™ซ
02:04
โ™ซ She was adorned by the light of the Quran โ™ซ
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โ™ซ ื”ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื˜ื” ื‘ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจืืŸ โ™ซ
02:13
Shereen El Feki: 4Shbab has been dubbed Islamic MTV.
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ืืœ-ืคืื›ื™: 4Shbab ื›ื•ื ื” MTV ื”ืื™ืกืœืžื™.
02:17
Its creator, who is an Egyptian TV producer
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ื™ื•ืฆืจื•, ืžืคื™ืง ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ืžืฆืจื™
02:19
called Ahmed Abu Haรฏba,
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ื‘ืฉื ืื—ืžื“ ืื‘ื•-ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื”,
02:21
wants young people to be inspired
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ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื™ืงื‘ืœื• ื”ืฉืจืื”
02:23
by Islam to lead better lives.
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ืžื”ืื™ืกืœื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:26
He reckons the best way to get that message across
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ื”ื•ื ืžืขืจื™ืš ื›ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžืกืจ
02:28
is to use the enormously popular medium of music videos.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืคื•ืคื•ืœืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขืฆื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคื™ื.
02:32
4Shbab was set up as an alternative
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4Shbab ืžื•ืฆื‘ ื›ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื”
02:35
to existing Arab music channels.
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ืœืขืจื•ืฆื™ ื”ืžื•ืกื™ืงื” ื”ืขืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
02:37
And they look something like this.
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ื•ื”ื ื ืจืื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš ื›ืš.
02:39
(Music)
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(ืžื•ืกื™ืงื”)
02:47
That, by the way is Haifa Wehbe. She's a Lebanese pop star
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ื–ื•ื”ื™, ืื’ื‘, ื”ื™ื™ืคื” ื•ื•ื—ื‘ื”. ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ื›ื‘ืช ืคื•ืค ืœื‘ื ื•ื ื™ืช
02:50
and pan-Arab pin-up girl.
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ื•ื ืขืจืช ืคื•ืกื˜ืจื™ื ืคืืŸ-ืขืจื‘ื™ืช.
02:53
In the world of 4Shbab, it's not about bump and grind.
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ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœ 4Shbab ืื™ืŸ ืกืงืก ื•ืคืจื•ื‘ื•ืงืฆื™ื•ืช.
02:56
But it's not about fire and brimstone either.
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ืื™ืŸ ื’ืคืจื™ืช ื•ืืฉ.
02:59
Its videos are intended to show
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ืืœื” ืงืœื™ืคื™ื ืฉืžื ืกื™ื ืœื”ืจืื•ืช
03:01
a kinder, gentler face of Islam,
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ืฆื“ ืื“ื™ื‘ ื•ืขื“ื™ืŸ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืื™ืกืœื,
03:04
for young people to deal with life's challenges.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื ืืชื’ืจื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
03:07
Now, my second example is for a slightly younger crowd.
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ื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืงื”ืœ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฆืขื™ืจ.
03:10
And it's called "The 99."
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืืช "ื”- 99".
03:13
Now, these are the world's first Islamic superheroes.
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ืืœื” ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื”ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืœืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:16
They were created by a Kuwaiti psychologist
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ื”ื ื ื•ืฆืจื• ืข"ื™ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ื›ื•ื•ื™ืชื™
03:18
called Naif Al Mutawa.
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ื‘ืฉื ื ื™ืืฃ ืืœ-ืžื•ื˜ื•ื•ื”.
03:20
And his desire is to rescue Islam
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ื•ื”ืฉืื™ืคื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื ืœื—ืœืฅ ืืช ื”ืื™ืกืœื
03:22
from images of intolerance,
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ืžืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืกื•ื‘ืœื ื•ืช,
03:24
all in a child-friendly format.
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื™ื“ื™ื“ื•ืชื™ืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื.
03:28
"The 99." The characters are meant to embody
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"ื”- 99" ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช
03:30
the 99 attributes of Allah:
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99 ื”ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืืœืœื”,
03:33
justice, wisdom, mercy, among others.
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ื›ืžื• ืฆื“ืง, ืชื‘ื•ื ื”, ืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืขื•ื“.
03:36
So, for example, there is the character of Noora.
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ืงื—ื•, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืช ื“ืžื•ืชื” ืฉืœ ื ื•ืจื”.
03:40
She is meant to have the power
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
03:42
to look inside people
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
03:44
and see the good and bad in everyone.
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ื•ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื”ืจืข ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“.
03:47
Another character called Jami
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ืœื“ืžื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืฉื ื’'ืืžื™
03:49
has the ability to create fantastic inventions.
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ื™ืฉ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžืฆืื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”.
03:53
Now, "The 99" is not just a comic book.
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"ื”- 99" ืื™ื ื” ืกืชื ืขื•ื“ ื—ื•ื‘ืจืช ืงื•ืžื™ืงืก.
03:55
It's now a theme park.
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ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ืœื•ื ื”-ืคืืจืง.
03:57
There is an animated series in the works.
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ื™ืฉื ื” ืกื“ืจืช ืื ื™ืžืฆื™ื” ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืคืงื”.
03:59
And by this time next year,
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ื•ืชื•ืš ืฉื ื” ืžื”ื™ื•ื
04:01
the likes of Superman and Wonder Woman
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ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื•ืช ืืช ืกื•ืคืจืžืŸ ื•-ื•ื•ื ื“ืจ ื•ื•ืžืŸ
04:03
will have joined forces with "The 99"
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ื™ืฉืœื‘ื• ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขื "ื”- 99"
04:05
to beat injustice wherever they find it.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืก ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฆื“ืง ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื™ื™ืžืฆื.
04:11
"The 99" and 4Shbab are just two of many examples
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"ื”- 99" ื•- 4Shbab ื”ืŸ ืจืง ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืžืชื•ืš ื“ื•ื’ืžืื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
04:14
of this sort of Islamic cross-cultural hybridization.
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ืœืกื•ื’ ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืœืืช ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืื™ืกืœื.
04:18
We're not talking here about a clash of civilizations.
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ืœื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืชื ื’ืฉื•ืช ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช.
04:21
Nor is it some sort of indistinguishable mash.
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ื•ื–ื• ื’ื ืœื ืชืขืจื•ื‘ืช ืกืชืžื™ืช.
04:24
I like to think of it as a mesh of civilizations,
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ื‘ื–ื” ืžืืจื’ ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช,
04:27
in which the strands of different cultures are intertwined.
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ืฉื‘ื• ื—ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืฉื–ื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื”.
04:31
Now, while 4Shbab and "The 99" may look new and shiny,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉ- 4Shbab ื•"ื”- 99" ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ื ื•ืฆืฆื™ื,
04:34
there is actually a very long tradition of this.
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ืงื™ื™ืžืช ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื”ื ืžืกื•ืจืช ืืจื•ื›ืช ืฉื ื™ื.
04:37
Throughout its history, Islam has borrowed and adapted from other civilizations
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ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”, ื”ืื™ืกืœื ื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื•ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
04:42
both ancient and modern.
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ืขืชื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ื™ื—ื“.
04:44
After all, it's the Quran which encourages us to do this:
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ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื”ืงื•ืจืืŸ ืžืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
04:49
"We made you into nations and tribes
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"ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืชื›ื ืœืขืžื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื
04:51
so that you could learn from one another."
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื ื™".
04:53
And to my mind, those are pretty wise words,
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ื•ืœื“ืขืชื™, ืืœื” ืžื™ืœื™ื ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื•ืช,
04:56
no matter what your creed. Thank you.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ื‘ืžื” ืืชื” ืžืืžื™ืŸ. ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
04:59
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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