The Beauty of What We'll Never Know | Pico Iyer | TED

151,002 views ใƒป 2016-11-01

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Zeeva Livshitz ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:13
One hot October morning,
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ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื—ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืื•ืงื˜ื•ื‘ืจ,
00:16
I got off the all-night train
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ื™ืจื“ืชื™ ืžืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”
00:19
in Mandalay,
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ื‘ืžื ื“ืœื™ื™
00:20
the old royal capital of Burma,
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ื‘ื™ืจืชื” ื”ืžืœื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ืฉื ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ืจืžื”,
00:23
now Myanmar.
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ื›ื™ื•ื ืžื™ืื ืžืจ.
00:25
And out on the street, I ran into a group of rough men
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ื•ื ืชืงืœืชื™ ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืงืฉื•ื—ื™ื
00:29
standing beside their bicycle rickshaws.
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ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœืฆื“ ืจื™ืงืฉื•ืช ื”ืื•ืคื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื.
00:33
And one of them came up
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ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื ื™ื’ืฉ
00:35
and offered to show me around.
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ื•ื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื”.
00:38
The price he quoted was outrageous.
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ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื ืงื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ืชื™.
00:41
It was less than I would pay for a bar of chocolate at home.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžื” ืฉืขืœืชื” ืœื™ ื—ืคื™ืกืช ืฉื•ืงื•ืœื“ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
00:45
So I clambered into his trishaw,
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ืื– ื˜ื™ืคืกืชื™ ืœืจื™ืงืฉื” ืฉืœื•,
00:49
and he began pedaling us slowly between palaces and pagodas.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื“ื•ื•ืฉ ืœืื˜ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืจืžื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืคื’ื•ื“ื•ืช.
00:55
And as he did, he told me how he had come to the city from his village.
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ื•ื’ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืขื™ืจ ืžื”ื›ืคืจ ืฉืœื•.
01:01
He'd earned a degree in mathematics.
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ื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ืชื•ืืจ ื‘ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื”.
01:03
His dream was to be a teacher.
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ื—ืœื•ืžื• ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืจื”.
01:06
But of course, life is hard under a military dictatorship,
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ืื‘ืœ, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื ืชื—ืช ื“ื™ืงื˜ื˜ื•ืจื” ืฆื‘ืื™ืช,
01:11
and so for now, this was the only way he could make a living.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ, ื–ื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืชืคืจื ืก.
01:16
Many nights, he told me, he actually slept in his trishaw
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ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืคืจ ืœื™, ืฉื‘ืœื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืงืฉื” ืฉืœื•
01:20
so he could catch the first visitors off the all-night train.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ืจื“ื• ืžืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื”.
01:27
And very soon, we found that in certain ways,
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ื•ืขื“ ืžื”ืจื”, ืžืฆืื ื• ืฉื‘ืžื•ื‘ื ื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื,
01:31
we had so much in common --
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ --
01:33
we were both in our 20s,
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ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื” -20 ืฉืœื ื•,
01:34
we were both fascinated by foreign cultures --
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ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื•ืงืกืžื™ื ืžืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช -
01:38
that he invited me home.
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืชื”.
01:42
So we turned off the wide, crowded streets,
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ืขื–ื‘ื ื• ืืช ื”ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืฆืคื•ืคื™ื
01:45
and we began bumping down rough, wild alleyways.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืžื™ื˜ืœื˜ืœื™ื ืžื˜ื”, ื“ืจืš ืกืžื˜ืื•ืช ืคืจื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืžื—ื•ืกืคืกื•ืช.
01:50
There were broken shacks all around.
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ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ืคื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘.
01:52
I really lost the sense of where I was,
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ืžืžืฉ ืื‘ื“ื” ืœื™ ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื ืžืฆื,
01:56
and I realized that anything could happen to me now.
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ื•ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ื›ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืœื™ ื›ืขืช.
01:59
I could get mugged or drugged
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ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืฉื“ื•ื“ ืื• ืœืกืžื ืื•ืชื™
02:02
or something worse.
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ืื• ืžืฉื”ื• ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ.
02:03
Nobody would know.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื™ื“ืข.
02:06
Finally, he stopped and led me into a hut,
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืจ ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืœืชื•ืš ืฆืจื™ืฃ,
02:10
which consisted of just one tiny room.
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ืฉื›ืœืœ ืจืง ื—ื“ืจื•ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืงื˜ื ื˜ืŸ.
02:14
And then he leaned down,
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ื•ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ืชื›ื•ืคืฃ,
02:16
and reached under his bed.
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ืชื—ืช ืžื™ื˜ืชื•.
02:19
And something in me froze.
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ื•ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื™ ืงืคื.
02:24
I waited to see what he would pull out.
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ื—ื™ื›ื™ืชื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื™ืฉืœื•ืฃ ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”.
02:27
And finally he extracted a box.
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ืœืฅ ืงื•ืคืกื”.
02:31
Inside it was every single letter he had ever received
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ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉื”ื•ื ืื™ ืคืขื ืงื™ื‘ืœ
02:36
from visitors from abroad,
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ืžืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืžื—ื•"ืœ.
02:39
and on some of them he had pasted
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ื•ืขืœ ื—ืœืงื ื”ื•ื ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืง
02:41
little black-and-white worn snapshots
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ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื—ื•ืจ ืœื‘ืŸ
02:44
of his new foreign friends.
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ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืชื™ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื.
02:48
So when we said goodbye that night,
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ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืืฉืจ ื ืคืจื“ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ืœื”,
02:52
I realized he had also shown me
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ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ื’ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจืื” ืœื™
02:54
the secret point of travel,
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ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืกื•ื“ื™ืช ืœื ืกื™ืขื”,
02:56
which is to take a plunge,
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ืฉื”ื™ื ืœืฆืœื•ืœ ืคื ื™ืžื”,
02:59
to go inwardly as well as outwardly
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ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืคื ื™ืžื” ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืœืฆืืช ื”ื—ื•ืฆื”
03:01
to places you would never go otherwise,
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ืœืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืื—ืจืช ืœื ืชื’ื™ืข ืืœื™ื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื,
03:04
to venture into uncertainty,
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ืœื”ืขื– ื•ืœืงื—ืช ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ,
03:07
ambiguity,
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ืœื—ื•ื•ืช ื“ื•-ืžืฉืžืขื™ื•ืช
03:09
even fear.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื—ื“.
03:12
At home, it's dangerously easy
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื–ื” ืžืกื•ื›ืŸ ื›ืœ ื›ืš
03:14
to assume we're on top of things.
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ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื ื™ื ื™ื.
03:17
Out in the world, you are reminded every moment that you're not,
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ื‘ื—ื•ืฅ, ื‘ืขื•ืœื ืžื–ื›ื™ืจื™ื ืœื›ื ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื’ืข ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื›ืš,
03:22
and you can't get to the bottom of things, either.
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ื•ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืจื“ืช ืœืขื•ืžืง ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
03:26
Everywhere, "People wish to be settled,"
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื
03:29
Ralph Waldo Emerson reminded us,
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ืจืืœืฃ ื•ื•ืœื“ื• ืืžืจืกื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื ื•,
03:31
"but only insofar as we are unsettled
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"ืื‘ืœ ืจืง ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ืฉืื™ื ื ื• ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื
03:34
is there any hope for us."
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ืฉื™ืฉื ื” ืชืงื•ื•ื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ื•."
03:36
At this conference, we've been lucky enough
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ื‘ื›ื ืก ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืจื™ ืžื–ืœ ื“ื™ื™ื ื•
03:39
to hear some exhilarating new ideas and discoveries
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ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืชื’ืœื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ื•ืžืœื”ื™ื‘ื™ื,
03:42
and, really, about all the ways
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ื•ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื
03:44
in which knowledge is being pushed excitingly forwards.
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ื‘ื”ืŸ ื™ื“ืข ื ื“ื—ืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืจื’ืฉ ืงื“ื™ืžื”.
03:48
But at some point, knowledge gives out.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื™ื“ืข ื ืžืกืจ,
03:52
And that is the moment
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืจื’ืข
03:54
when your life is truly decided:
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ื‘ื• ื—ื™ื™ื›ื ืžืฉืชื ื™ื:
03:57
you fall in love;
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ืืชื ืžืชืื”ื‘ื™ื,
04:00
you lose a friend;
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ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจ;
04:02
the lights go out.
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ื”ืื•ืจื•ืช ื›ื‘ื™ื.
04:05
And it's then, when you're lost or uneasy or carried out of yourself,
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ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืื‘ื•ื“ื™ื, ื—ืกืจื™ ืžื ื•ื—ื” ืื• ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืขืฆืžื›ื,
04:10
that you find out who you are.
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ืืชื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืžื™ ืืชื.
04:14
I don't believe that ignorance is bliss.
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ืื™ื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืื•ืฉืจ
04:18
Science has unquestionably made our lives
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ื”ืžื“ืข ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื”ืคืš ืืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
04:21
brighter and longer and healthier.
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ื‘ื”ื™ืจื™ื, ืืจื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
04:24
And I am forever grateful to the teachers who showed me the laws of physics
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ื•ืื”ื™ื” ืœื ืฆื— ืืกื™ืจ ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืžื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ืžื“ื•ื ื™ ืืช ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงื”
04:29
and pointed out that three times three makes nine.
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ื•ื”ืฆื‘ื™ืขื• ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ 3 ื›ืคื•ืœ 3 ื–ื” 9.
04:33
I can count that out on my fingers
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื–ืืช ืขืœ ืืฆื‘ืขื•ืชื™
04:36
any time of night or day.
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉืขื” ืžืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืœื™ืœื” ืื• ื”ื™ื•ื.
04:40
But when a mathematician tells me
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงืื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืœื™
04:42
that minus three times minus three makes nine,
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ื™ืฉ ืžื™ื ื•ืก 3 ื›ืคื•ืœ ืžื™ื ื•ืก 3 ื”ื•ื 9,
04:45
that's a kind of logic that almost feels like trust.
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ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืœื•ื’ื™ืงื” ืฉืžืจื’ื™ืฉื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืž ืืžื•ืŸ.
04:52
The opposite of knowledge, in other words, isn't always ignorance.
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ื”ื”ืคืš ืžื™ื“ืข. ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื•ืช, ืื™ื ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช.
04:56
It can be wonder.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืœื.
04:58
Or mystery.
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ืื• ืžืกืชื•ืจื™ืŸ.
04:59
Possibility.
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ืืคืฉืจื•ืช.
05:01
And in my life, I've found it's the things I don't know
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ื•ื‘ื—ื™ื™ ืžืฆืืชื™ ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข
05:05
that have lifted me up and pushed me forwards
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ืจื•ืžืžื• ืื•ืชื™ ื•ื“ื—ืคื• ืื•ืชื™ ืงื“ื™ืžื”
05:08
much more than the things I do know.
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข.
05:12
It's also the things I don't know
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ืืœื” ื’ื ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข
05:14
that have often brought me closer to everybody around me.
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ืฉืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื™ืจื‘ื• ืื•ืชื™ ืœืกื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื ืื•ืชื™.
05:18
For eight straight Novembers, recently,
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8 ืคืขืžื™ื ืจืฆื•ืคื•ืช ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ื‘ื ื•ื‘ืžื‘ืจ,
05:20
I traveled every year across Japan with the Dalai Lama.
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ื ืกืขืชื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื ื” ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื™ืคืŸ ืขื ื”ื“ืœืื™ ืœืืžื”.
05:26
And the one thing he said every day
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
05:29
that most seemed to give people reassurance and confidence
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ืฉื ืจืื” ื›ืžืขื ื™ืง ืขื™ื“ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืœืื ืฉื™ื
05:32
was, "I don't know."
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ื”ื™ื” "ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข."
05:36
"What's going to happen to Tibet?"
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"ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื˜?"
05:39
"When are we ever going to get world peace?"
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"ืžืชื™ ืื™ ืคืขื ื ื–ื›ื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™?"
05:42
"What's the best way to raise children?"
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"ืžื”ื™ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื“ืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื?"
05:46
"Frankly," says this very wise man,
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"ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ืืžืช", ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืื™ืฉ ื”ืžืื•ื“ ื—ื›ื,
05:49
"I don't know."
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"ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข."
05:52
The Nobel Prize-winning economist Daniel Kahneman
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ื–ื•ื›ื” ืคืจืก ื ื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœืŸ ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื›ื”ื ืžืŸ
05:55
has spent more than 60 years now researching human behavior,
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ืขืกืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž -60 ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ื—ืงืจ ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช,
06:00
and his conclusion is
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ื•ื”ืžืกืงื ื” ืฉืœื• ื”ื™ื
06:02
that we are always much more confident of what we think we know
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื
06:07
than we should be.
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ืžืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช.
06:08
We have, as he memorably puts it,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื•, ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืฉื›ื—,
06:11
an "unlimited ability to ignore our ignorance."
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"ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœื”ืชืขืœื ืžื”ื‘ื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•."
06:16
We know -- quote, unquote -- our team is going to win this weekend,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื - ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜, ืกื•ืฃ ืฆื™ื˜ื•ื˜ -- ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ืœืš ืœื ืฆื— ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข,
06:21
and we only remember that knowledge
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจืง ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ื–ื•
06:24
on the rare occasions when we're right.
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ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื• ืฆื•ื“ืงื™ื.
06:27
Most of the time, we're in the dark.
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ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื™ื›ื”.
06:31
And that's where real intimacy lies.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืืžืชื™ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ื”.
06:36
Do you know what your lover is going to do tomorrow?
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ื”ืื ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ื”ืžืื”ื‘ ืฉืœื• ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื—ืจ?
06:40
Do you want to know?
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ื”ืื ืืชื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื“ืขืช?
06:43
The parents of us all, as some people call them,
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ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื›ื•ืœื ื•, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ื“ื™ื ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื”ื,
06:46
Adam and Eve,
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ืื“ื ื•ื—ื•ื•ื”,
06:47
could never die, so long as they were eating from the tree of life.
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ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื ืฆื—, ื›ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื”ื ืื›ืœื• ืžืขืฅ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
06:52
But the minute they began nibbling
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื ื”ื—ืœื• ื˜ื•ืขืžื™ื
06:54
from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil,
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ืžืขืฅ ื”ื“ืขืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืจืข,
06:57
they fell from their innocence.
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ื”ื ื ืคืœื• ืžืชืžื™ืžื•ืชื.
06:59
They grew embarrassed and fretful,
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื•ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื,
07:02
self-conscious.
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ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœืขืฆืžื.
07:04
And they learned, a little too late, perhaps,
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ื•ื”ื ืœืžื“ื•, ืงืฆืช ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™, ืื•ืœื™,
07:07
that there are certainly some things that we need to know,
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ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื“ืขืช,
07:10
but there are many, many more that are better left unexplored.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื”ืจื‘ื”, ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืžื•ื˜ื‘ ืœื ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ืื•ืชื
07:15
Now, when I was a kid,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืœื“,
07:17
I knew it all, of course.
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื”ื›ืœ, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ.
07:21
I had been spending 20 years in classrooms collecting facts,
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ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ 20 ืฉื ื” ื‘ืื™ืกื•ืฃ ืžื™ื“ืข ื‘ื›ื™ืชื•ืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“,
07:25
and I was actually in the information business,
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ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืœืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืขืกืงื™ ื”ืžื™ื“ืข,
07:28
writing articles for Time Magazine.
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ื•ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืžืืžืจื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื’ื–ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ื.
07:31
And I took my first real trip to Japan for two-and-a-half weeks,
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ื•ื ืกืขืชื™ ืœื™ืคืŸ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™,
07:36
and I came back with a 40-page essay
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ื•ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขื ืžืืžืจ ื‘ืŸ 40 ืขืžื•ื“ื™ื
07:39
explaining every last detail about Japan's temples,
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ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ืžืงื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืคืŸ,
07:43
its fashions, its baseball games,
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ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ืžืฉื—ืงื™ ื”ื‘ื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืœ,
07:46
its soul.
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ื ืฉืžืชื.
07:49
But underneath all that,
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืชื—ืช ืœื›ืœ ื–ื”,
07:51
something that I couldn't understand
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืœื ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ
07:54
so moved me for reasons I couldn't explain to you yet,
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืจื™ื’ืฉ ืื•ืชื™ ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ
08:00
that I decided to go and live in Japan.
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ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืœื’ื•ืจ ื‘ื™ืคืŸ.
08:04
And now that I've been there for 28 years,
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ื•ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš 28 ืฉื ื™ื,
08:07
I really couldn't tell you very much at all
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื›ื ื”ืจื‘ื”
08:09
about my adopted home.
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08:12
Which is wonderful,
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ืฉื–ื” ื ืคืœื,
08:13
because it means every day I'm making some new discovery,
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ื›ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ืžื’ืœื” ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื“ืฉ.
08:16
and in the process,
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ื•ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ื›ืš,
08:18
looking around the corner and seeing the hundred thousand things
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ืจื•ืื” ืžืื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
08:21
I'll never know.
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ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืื“ืข.
08:24
Knowledge is a priceless gift.
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ื™ื“ืข ื”ื•ื ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœื ืชืกื•ืœื ื‘ืคื–.
08:28
But the illusion of knowledge can be more dangerous than ignorance.
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ืื‘ืœ ืืฉืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื™ื“ืข ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื‘ื•ืจื•ืช.
08:33
Thinking that you know your lover
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ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉืืชื” ืžื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืื•ื”ื‘ืš,
08:37
or your enemy
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ืื• ืืช ืื•ื™ื‘ืš
08:38
can be more treacherous
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื•ื’ื“ื ื™
08:40
than acknowledging you'll never know them.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื.
08:43
Every morning in Japan, as the sun is flooding into our little apartment,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื‘ื™ืคืŸ, ื›ืฉื”ืฉืžืฉ ืžืฆื™ืคื” ืืช ื“ื™ืจืชื ื• ื”ืงื˜ื ื”,
08:48
I take great pains not to consult the weather forecast,
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ืื ื™ ืžืฉืชื“ืœ ืžืื•ื“ ืœื ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืขืฅ ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ,
08:52
because if I do,
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ื›ื™ ืื ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช,
08:54
my mind will be overclouded, distracted,
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ื“ืขืชื™ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืขื•ืจืคืœืช, ืžื•ืกื—ืช,
08:57
even when the day is bright.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ื”ื™ืจ.
09:02
I've been a full-time writer now for 34 years.
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ืื ื™ ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ืžืฉืจื” ืžืœืื” ืžื–ื” 34 ืฉื ื™ื,
09:06
And the one thing that I have learned
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ื•ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ืฉืœืžื“ืชื™
09:09
is that transformation comes when I'm not in charge,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžื’ื™ืข ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืžืจ,
09:13
when I don't know what's coming next,
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ื›ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืงืจื•ืช,
09:15
when I can't assume I am bigger than everything around me.
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ื•ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™.
09:21
And the same is true in love
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ื•ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื’ื ื‘ืื”ื‘ื”
09:23
or in moments of crisis.
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ืื• ื‘ืจื’ืขื™ ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
09:26
Suddenly, we're back in that trishaw again
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ืœืคืชืข, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืงืฉื”
09:30
and we're bumping off the broad, well-lit streets;
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื™ื˜ืœื˜ืœื™ื ืืœ ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ืžื•ืืจื™ื
09:34
and we're reminded, really, of the first law of travel
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ื•ื ื–ื›ืจื™ื, ื‘ืืžืช, ื‘ื—ื•ืง ืžืก. 1 ืฉืœ ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช
09:38
and, therefore, of life:
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ื•ืœืคื™ื›ืš, ืฉืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื:
09:41
you're only as strong as your readiness to surrender.
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ืืชื” ื—ื–ืง ืจืง ื›ืžื• ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืข.
09:47
In the end, perhaps,
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ืื•ืœื™,
09:49
being human
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ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื ื•ืฉื™
09:51
is much more important
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ื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘
09:53
than being fully in the know.
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ืžืืฉืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื“ืข ืœื’ืžืจื™.
09:56
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
09:57
(Applause)
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(ืชืฉื•ืื•ืช)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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