An artist's unflinching look at racial violence | Sanford Biggers

74,556 views ใƒป 2016-06-06

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืžืชืจื’ื: Itay Galilee ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:12
As a conceptual artist,
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ื›ืืžืŸ ืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ื•ืืœื™,
00:14
I'm constantly looking for creative ways to spark challenging conversations.
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ืื ื™ ืžื—ืคืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืœื”ืฆื™ืช ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืžืืชื’ืจื•ืช.
00:18
I do this though painting, sculpture, video and performance.
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ื–ืืช ื“ืจืš ืฆื™ื•ืจ, ืคื™ืกื•ืœ, ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื•ื”ื•ืคืขื”.
00:22
But regardless of the format,
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ืืš ืœืœื ืงืฉืจ ืœืคื•ืจืžื˜,
00:23
two of my favorite materials are history and dialogue.
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ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžื”ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ื”ื—ื‘ื™ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื™ ื”ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’.
00:27
In 2007, I created "Lotus,"
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ื‘-2007, ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืืช "ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก",
00:30
a seven-and-a-half-foot diameter,
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ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื‘ืฆื•ืจืช ืคืจื™ื—ืช ื”ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก
00:32
600-pound glass depiction of a lotus blossom.
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ื‘ืงื•ื˜ืจ ืฉืœ 2.2 ืžื˜ืจ, ื•ื‘ืžืฉืงืœ ืฉืœ 300 ืงื™ืœื•.
00:35
In Buddhism, the lotus is a symbol for transcendence
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ื‘ื‘ื•ื“ื”ื™ื–ื, ื”ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก ื”ื™ื ื• ืกืžืœ ืฉืœ ื ืฉื’ื‘ื•ืช
00:39
and for purity of mind and spirit.
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ื•ืฉืœ ื˜ื•ื”ืจ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ.
00:41
But a closer look at this lotus
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื˜ ืžืงืจื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก ื”ื–ื”
00:44
reveals each petal to be the cross-section of a slave ship.
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ื—ื•ืฉืฃ ืฉื›ืœ ืขืœื” ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ื•ื ื—ืชืš ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืกืคื™ื ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื.
00:47
This iconic diagram was taken from a British slaving manual
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ื”ืชืจืฉื™ื ื”ืื™ื™ืงื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื ืœืงื— ืžืžื“ืจื™ืš ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™
00:51
and later used by abolitionists to show the atrocities of slavery.
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ื•ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœื™ ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช ื›ื”ื•ื›ื—ื” ืœื–ื•ื•ืขื•ืช.
00:56
In America, we don't like to talk about slavery,
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืื ื• ืœื ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืขื‘ื“ื•ืช,
00:58
nor do we look at it as a global industry.
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ื” ื›ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืืœื™ืช.
01:01
But by using this Buddhist symbol,
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกืžืœ ื‘ื•ื“ื”ื™ืกื˜ื™ ื–ื”,
01:03
I hope to universalize and transcend
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื”ื˜ืจืื•ืžื”
01:05
the history and trauma of black America
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ืฉืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื”ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกืืœื™ืช ื•ื ืขืœื”
01:08
and encourage discussions about our shared past.
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ื•ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ืขื‘ืจื ื• ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ.
01:12
To create "Lotus," we carved over 6,000 figures.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืืช "ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก" ื’ื™ืœืคื ื• ืžืขืœ 6,000 ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช.
01:16
And this later led to a commission by the City of New York
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ื•ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš ื–ื” ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ื–ืžื ื” ืžืขื™ืจื™ื™ืช ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง
01:19
to create a 28-foot version in steel
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ืฉืœ ื’ืจืกื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœ 28 ืจื’ืœ ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืคืœื“ื”,
01:21
as a permanent installation at the Eagle Academy for Young Men,
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ื›ื”ืชืงืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืืงื“ืžื™ื™ืช ืื™ื’ืœ ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื,
01:24
a school for black and latino students,
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ื‘ื™"ืก ืœืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืคืจื•-ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ื•ืœื˜ื™ื ื™ื™ื,
01:27
the two groups most affected by this history.
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ืฉืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืฉืคืขื• ื”ื›ื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.
01:30
The same two groups are very affected by a more recent phenomenon,
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ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื’ื ืžืชื•ืคืขื” ืขื›ืฉื•ื•ื™ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:33
but let me digress.
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ืืš ืื—ืจื•ื’ ืžื”ื ื•ืฉื ืœื‘ื™ื ืชื™ื™ื.
01:35
I've been collecting wooden African figures
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ืืกืคืชื™ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช-ืขืฅ ืืคืจื™ืงืื™ื•ืช
01:38
from tourist shops and flea markets around the world.
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ืžื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืชื™ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ ืคืฉืคืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื.
01:40
The authenticity and origin of them is completely debatable,
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ื”ืื•ืชื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื”ืŸ ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื—,
01:43
but people believe these to be imbued with power,
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ืืš ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ืžืขื•ืช ื‘ื›ื—,
01:46
or even magic.
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืงืกื.
01:47
Only recently have I figured out how to use this in my own work.
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ืจืง ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื’ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™.
01:51
(Gun shots)
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(ื™ืจื™ื•ืช ืจื•ื‘ื”)
02:05
Since 2012, the world has witnessed the killings of Trayvon Martin,
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ืžืื– 2012, ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื“ ืœื”ืจื™ื’ืชื ืฉืœ ื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ื•ืŸ ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ,
02:09
Michael Brown, Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, Tamir Rice
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ืžื™ื™ืงืœ ื‘ืจืื•ืŸ, ืืจื™ืง ื’ืจื ืจ, ืกื ื“ืจื” ื‘ืœื ื“, ืชืžื™ืจ ืจื™ื™ืก
02:13
and literally countless other unarmed black citizens
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ื•ืขื•ื“ ืื™ืŸ-ืกืคื•ืจ ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื—ื•ืจื™ื ืœื ื—ืžื•ืฉื™ื
02:16
at the hands of the police,
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ื‘ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื
02:17
who frequently walk away with no punishment at all.
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ืฉืœืจื•ื‘ ื—ื•ืžืงื™ื ืœืœื ืขื•ื ืฉ.
02:20
In consideration of these victims
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ืชื•ืš ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ืืœื•
02:22
and the several times that even I,
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ื•ื”ืคืขืžื™ื ื”ืกืคื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืื ื™,
02:24
a law-abiding, Ivy League professor,
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ืื–ืจื— ืฉื•ืžืจ ื—ื•ืง, ืคืจื•ืคืกื•ืจ ื‘"ืœื™ื’ืช ื”ืงื™ืกื•ืก",
02:27
have been targeted and harassed at gunpoint by the police.
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ื”ืคื›ืชื™ ืœืžื˜ืจื” ื•ื”ื•ื˜ืจื“ืชื™ ื‘ืื™ื•ืžื™ ืืงื“ื— ืข"ื™ ืฉื•ื˜ืจื™ื.
02:30
I created this body of work simply entitled "BAM."
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ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ืืช, ืฉื ืงืจืืช ื‘ืคืฉื˜ื•ืช "ื‘ืื"
02:36
It was important to erase the identity of each of these figures,
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ื”ื™ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•,
02:39
to make them all look the same and easier to disregard.
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ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื”ืŸ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื–ื”ื•ืช, ื•ืงืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื–ืœื–ื•ืœ.
02:43
To do this, I dip them in a thick, brown wax
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช, ื˜ื‘ืœืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ืฉืขื•ื•ื” ื—ื•ืžื” ืกืžื™ื›ื”
02:45
before taking them to a shooting range
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ื˜ืจื ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืžื˜ื•ื•ื—
02:47
where I re-sculpted them using bullets.
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ืฉื ื’ื™ืœืคืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ื.
02:51
And it was fun,
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ืฃ,
02:52
playing with big guns and high-speed video cameras.
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ืœืฉื—ืง ืขื ืืงื“ื—ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืžืฆืœืžื•ืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช.
02:55
But my reverence for these figures kept me from actually pulling the trigger,
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ืืš ื”ืขืจื›ืชื™ ืœื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžื ืขื” ืžืžื ื™ ืžืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื“ืง,
02:58
somehow feeling as if I would be shooting myself.
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ื—ืฉ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื•ืจื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื™.
03:01
Finally, my cameraman, Raul, fired the shots.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืฆืœื ืฉืœื™, ืจืื•ืœ, ื‘ื™ืฆืข ืืช ื”ื™ืจื™.
03:06
I then took the fragments of these
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ืื—"ื› ืœืงื—ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ,
03:08
and created molds, and cast them first in wax,
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ื•ื™ืฆืจืชื™ ืชื‘ื ื™ื•ืช, ื•ื™ืฆืงืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืขื•ื•ื”,
03:12
and finally in bronze like the image you see here,
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืืจื“ ื›ืคื™ ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื‘ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช,
03:15
which bears the marks of its violent creation
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ื”ืกื•ื—ื‘ื•ืช ืื™ืชืŸ ืืช ืกื™ืžื ื™ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชืŸ ื”ืืœื™ืžื”
03:18
like battle wounds or scars.
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ื›ืžื• ืคืฆืขื™ ืงืจื‘ ืื• ืฆืœืงื•ืช.
03:20
When I showed this work recently in Miami,
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ื›ืฉื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื• ื‘ืžื™ืืžื™,
03:22
a woman told me she felt every gun shot to her soul.
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ืื™ืฉื” ืืžืจื” ืœื™ ืฉื—ืฉื” ื›ืœ ื™ืจื™ื™ืช ืจื•ื‘ื” ื‘ื ืฉืžืชื”.
03:25
But she also felt that these artworks
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ืื•ืœื, ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ื”ื™ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•
03:28
memorialized the victims of these killings
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ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ื”ื ืฆื—ื” ืœืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื— ื”ืืœื”
03:30
as well as other victims of racial violence throughout US history.
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ื›ืžื• ื’ื ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื’ื–ืขื ื™ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
03:33
But "Lotus" and "BAM" are larger than just US history.
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ืื‘ืœ "ืœื•ื˜ื•ืก" ื•-"ื‘ืื" ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
03:36
While showing in Berlin last year,
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ื›ืฉื”ืฆื’ืชื™ ืื•ืชืŸ ื‘ื‘ืจืœื™ืŸ ืืฉืชืงื“,
03:38
a philosophy student asked me what prompted these recent killings.
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ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืœืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ื” ืฉืืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื” ื”ื ื™ืข ืืช ื”ืจืฆื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ื˜ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื•.
03:42
I showed him a photo of a lynching postcard
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ื”ืจืื™ืชื™ ืœื• ืชืžื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื’ืœื•ื™ืช ืœื™ื ืฅ'
03:44
from the early 1900s
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ืžืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืื” ื”-20
03:46
and reminded him that these killings have been going on for over 500 years.
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ื•ื”ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืœื• ืฉื”ืจืฆื™ื—ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืžืชืจื—ืฉื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืขืœ ืœ-500 ืฉื ื™ื.
03:51
But it's only through questions like his
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ืื•ืœื, ืจืง ื“ืจืš ืฉืืœื•ืช ื›ืืœื•
03:53
and more thoughtful dialogue about history and race
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ื•ื“ืจืš ื“ื™ืืœื•ื’ ืžืœื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ื’ื–ืข
03:56
can we evolve as individuals and society.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื›ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ื ื•ื›ื—ื‘ืจื”.
03:59
I hope my artwork creates a safe space
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื™ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืžืงื•ื ืžื‘ื˜ื—ื™ื
04:02
for this type of honest exchange
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ืœืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืชื—ืœื•ืคื” ื›ื ื”
04:05
and an opportunity for people to engage one another
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ื•ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช
04:07
in real and necessary conversation.
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ื›ื ื•ืช ื•ื ื—ื•ืฆื•ืช ืื—ื“ ืขื ื”ืฉื ื™.
04:10
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
04:11
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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