An artist's unflinching look at racial violence | Sanford Biggers

71,708 views ・ 2016-06-06

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Kyunghee Jung κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
As a conceptual artist,
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κ°œλ… μ˜ˆμˆ κ°€λ‘œμ„œ
00:14
I'm constantly looking for creative ways to spark challenging conversations.
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μ €λŠ” 도전적인 담둠을 μ΄λŒμ–΄ λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•œ 창의적인 방법듀을 항상 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
I do this though painting, sculpture, video and performance.
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μ €λŠ” 이것을 νšŒν™”, μ‘°μ†Œ, μ˜μƒ, 퍼포먼슀λ₯Ό 톡해 ν‘œν˜„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
But regardless of the format,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν˜•μ‹μ— 상관없이
00:23
two of my favorite materials are history and dialogue.
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μ œκ°€ κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ†Œμž¬λŠ” 역사와 λŒ€ν™”μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
In 2007, I created "Lotus,"
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2007년에 μ €λŠ” "μ—°"μ΄λΌλŠ” μž‘ν’ˆμ„ λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
a seven-and-a-half-foot diameter,
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직경이 7.5ν”ΌνŠΈμ •λ„ λ˜λŠ”λ°
00:32
600-pound glass depiction of a lotus blossom.
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연꽃을 ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 데 유리 600νŒŒμš΄λ“œλ₯Ό μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
In Buddhism, the lotus is a symbol for transcendence
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λΆˆκ΅μ—μ„œ 연꽃은 μ΄ˆμ›”κ³Ό
00:39
and for purity of mind and spirit.
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κΉ¨λ—ν•œ 마음, 정신을 μƒμ§•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
But a closer look at this lotus
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 연꽃을 μžμ„Ένžˆ λ“€μ—¬λ‹€λ³΄μ‹œλ©΄
00:44
reveals each petal to be the cross-section of a slave ship.
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κ½ƒμžŽ ν•œ μž₯ ν•œ μž₯이 λ…Έμ˜ˆμ„ μ˜ λ‹¨λ©΄λ„μž„μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
This iconic diagram was taken from a British slaving manual
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이 상징적인 λ„ν•΄λŠ” 영ꡭ의 λ…Έμ˜ˆ 맀맀 맀뉴얼에 μ‹€λ¦° κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 이후에
00:51
and later used by abolitionists to show the atrocities of slavery.
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λ…Έμ˜ˆν•΄λ°©λ‘ μžλ“€μ΄ λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œμ˜ μž”ν˜Ήμ„±μ„ 보여주기 μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
In America, we don't like to talk about slavery,
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λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ…Έμ˜ˆμ œμ— κ΄€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 꺼릴 λΏλ”λŸ¬
00:58
nor do we look at it as a global industry.
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이것이 세계적인 산업이라고도 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
But by using this Buddhist symbol,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 뢈ꡐ의 상징을 μ΄μš©ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
01:03
I hope to universalize and transcend
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μ €λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ ν‘μΈλ“€μ˜ 역사와 νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆκ°€
01:05
the history and trauma of black America
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ꡭ경을 μ΄ˆμ›”ν•˜μ—¬ λ³΄νŽΈν™”λ˜κ³ 
01:08
and encourage discussions about our shared past.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°κ°€ λ…Όμ˜λ  수 있기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
To create "Lotus," we carved over 6,000 figures.
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"μ—°"을 μ™„μ„±ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 6,000λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μƒˆκ²¨λ„£μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
And this later led to a commission by the City of New York
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό λ‰΄μš• μ‹œλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 이것을 28ν”ΌνŠΈμ§œλ¦¬ μ² κ°•μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“ 
01:19
to create a 28-foot version in steel
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μ‘°κ°ν’ˆμ„ μ˜λ’°λ°›μ•˜κ³ 
01:21
as a permanent installation at the Eagle Academy for Young Men,
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그것은 '이글 μ²­λ…„ 학ꡐ'에 영ꡬ μ„€μΉ˜λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
a school for black and latino students,
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κ·Έ ν•™κ΅λŠ” 이 역사에 κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ•˜λ˜ 민쑱인
01:27
the two groups most affected by this history.
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흑인과 라틴계 학생듀을 μœ„ν•΄ μ§€μ–΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
The same two groups are very affected by a more recent phenomenon,
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이 두 민쑱은 졜근의 ν˜„μƒμ—λ„ 맀우 큰 영ν–₯을 λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:33
but let me digress.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μž μ‹œ μ£Όμ œμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ„œ
01:35
I've been collecting wooden African figures
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μ €λŠ” 세계 곳곳의 κΈ°λ…ν’ˆ κ°€κ²Œλ‚˜ λ²Όλ£©μ‹œμž₯μ—μ„œ
01:38
from tourist shops and flea markets around the world.
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λ‚˜λ¬΄λ‘œ 된 아프리카인 쑰각상을 μˆ˜μ§‘ν•΄μ™”λŠ”λ°μš”.
01:40
The authenticity and origin of them is completely debatable,
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μ‘°κ°μƒλ“€μ˜ μ§„μœ„ μ—¬λΆ€λ‚˜ μΆœμ²˜λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λ…Όλž€μ˜ 여지가 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
01:43
but people believe these to be imbued with power,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 이것듀에 μ–΄λ–€ μš”μˆ  같은 힘이 κΉƒλ“€μ–΄ μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:46
or even magic.
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01:47
Only recently have I figured out how to use this in my own work.
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이것을 제 μž‘ν’ˆμ— μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 써야 할지 깨달은 것은 졜근의 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
(Gun shots)
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(총성)
02:05
Since 2012, the world has witnessed the killings of Trayvon Martin,
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2012λ…„λΆ€ν„° μ„Έκ³„λŠ” 트레이븐 λ§ˆν‹΄, 마이클 브라운, 에릭 κ°€λ„ˆ
02:09
Michael Brown, Eric Garner, Sandra Bland, Tamir Rice
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μ‚°λ“œλΌ λΈ”λž€λ“œ, 타미λ₯΄ 라이슀, 그리고 λ§κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ…€ 수 없이 λ§Žμ€
02:13
and literally countless other unarmed black citizens
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비무μž₯의 흑인 μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ΄ 경찰의 손에 ν”Όμ‚΄λ˜λŠ” 것을 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
at the hands of the police,
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02:17
who frequently walk away with no punishment at all.
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경찰듀은 μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° 처벌 없이 ν’€λ €λ‚˜λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ‹€λ°˜μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
In consideration of these victims
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이 ν”Όν•΄μžλ“€μ˜ 희생과 μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ”
02:22
and the several times that even I,
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02:24
a law-abiding, Ivy League professor,
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법을 μ€€μˆ˜ν•˜λŠ” 아이비 리그 ꡐ수인 μ €μ‘°μ°¨
경찰이 κ²¨λˆ„λŠ” 총ꡬ의 ν‘œμ μ΄ 된 적이 μˆ˜μ°¨λ‘€ μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κ³ λ €ν•œ μ €λŠ”
02:27
have been targeted and harassed at gunpoint by the police.
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02:30
I created this body of work simply entitled "BAM."
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"탕!(BAM)"μ΄λΌλŠ” κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μ΄λ¦„μ˜ 이 μž‘ν’ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
It was important to erase the identity of each of these figures,
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이 쑰각상듀이 μ§€λ‹Œ 각각의 κ°œμ„±μ„ μ§€μ›Œλ²„λ¦¬λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
to make them all look the same and easier to disregard.
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λ‹€ λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ 보이게 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ„œ κ²½μ‹œν•˜κΈ° 쉽도둝 ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμš”.
02:43
To do this, I dip them in a thick, brown wax
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 쑰각상듀을 λ‘κΊΌμš΄ κ°ˆμƒ‰ λ°€λžμ— λ‹΄κ°”μ–΄μš”.
02:45
before taking them to a shooting range
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μ΄μ•Œλ‘œ μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ 쑰각될 그것듀을
02:47
where I re-sculpted them using bullets.
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사격μž₯에 κ°€μ Έλ‹€ 놓기 μ „μ—μš”.
02:51
And it was fun,
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μž¬λ―Έμžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
playing with big guns and high-speed video cameras.
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큰 총과 μ΄ˆκ³ μ† λΉ„λ””μ˜€ 카메라λ₯Ό 가지고 λ†€μ•˜μ£ .
02:55
But my reverence for these figures kept me from actually pulling the trigger,
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이 쑰각상듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 제 경외심 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ°©μ•„μ‡ λ₯Ό λ‹ΉκΈ°μ§€λŠ” λͺ»ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
02:58
somehow feeling as if I would be shooting myself.
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왠지 제 μžμ‹ μ„ ν–₯ν•΄ 총을 μ˜λŠ” λ“―ν•œ λŠλ‚Œμ΄ λ“€μ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
03:01
Finally, my cameraman, Raul, fired the shots.
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κ²°κ΅­ 저와 μΌν•˜λŠ” μ΄¬μ˜κΈ°μ‚¬μΈ 라울이 총을 쐈죠.
03:06
I then took the fragments of these
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κ·Έ λ‹€μŒμ— μ €λŠ” κ·Έ νŒŒνŽΈλ“€μ„ 가지고
03:08
and created molds, and cast them first in wax,
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거푸집을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ μ²˜μŒμ—λŠ” λ°€λžμœΌλ‘œ μ£Όμ‘°ν•˜κ³ 
03:12
and finally in bronze like the image you see here,
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λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄λŠ” μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ‚¬μ§„μ²˜λŸΌ μ²­λ™μœΌλ‘œ μ£Όμ‘°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
which bears the marks of its violent creation
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ „νˆ¬ ν›„μ˜ μƒν”μ΄λ‚˜ ν‰ν„°μ²˜λŸΌ
03:18
like battle wounds or scars.
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폭λ ₯의 흔적이 λ‚¨μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
When I showed this work recently in Miami,
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μ΅œκ·Όμ— λ§ˆμ΄μ• λ―Έμ—μ„œ 이 μž‘ν’ˆμ„ μ „μ‹œν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ ν•œ 여성은
03:22
a woman told me she felt every gun shot to her soul.
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μ΄μ•Œ ν•œ 발 ν•œ 발이 μžμ‹ μ˜ μ˜ν˜Όμ—κΉŒμ§€ λŠκ»΄μ‘Œλ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμœΌλ©°
03:25
But she also felt that these artworks
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λ˜ν•œ κ·Έ 뢄은 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μž‘ν’ˆλ“€μ΄
03:28
memorialized the victims of these killings
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μ΄λ“€μ˜ 죽음 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ―Έκ΅­ 역사λ₯Ό 톡틀어
03:30
as well as other victims of racial violence throughout US history.
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인쒅 차별을 λ‹Ήν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ ν¬μƒμžλ“€λ„ ν•¨κ»˜ μΆ”λͺ¨ν•˜λŠ” 것 κ°™λ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
But "Lotus" and "BAM" are larger than just US history.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ "μ—°"κ³Ό "탕!"은 λ‹¨μˆœν•œ 미ꡭ의 역사 κ·Έ μ΄μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
While showing in Berlin last year,
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μž‘λ…„μ— λ² λ₯Όλ¦°μ—μ„œ 이 μž‘ν’ˆμ„ μ „μ‹œν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:38
a philosophy student asked me what prompted these recent killings.
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철학도인 ν•œ 학생이 μ €μ—κ²Œ 졜근의 ν”Όμ‚΄ 사건듀이 μ΄‰λ°œλœ 이유λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
I showed him a photo of a lynching postcard
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έμ—κ²Œ 흑인이 κ΅μˆ˜ν˜• λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 사진이 λ‹΄κΈ΄ 1990λ…„λŒ€ 초의
03:44
from the early 1900s
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μ—½μ„œλ₯Ό 보여주고
03:46
and reminded him that these killings have been going on for over 500 years.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 피살이 500년이 λ„˜κ²Œ μžν–‰λΌμ™”μŒμ„ μƒκΈ°μ‹œμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
But it's only through questions like his
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έκ°€ ν•œ 것과 같은 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ ν†΅ν•΄μ„œλ§Œ
03:53
and more thoughtful dialogue about history and race
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역사와 인쒅에 κ΄€ν•΄ λ”μš± 사렀 깊게 λŒ€ν™”ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 것이고
03:56
can we evolve as individuals and society.
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우리 μžμ‹ κ³Ό μ‚¬νšŒκ°€ λ°œμ „ν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
I hope my artwork creates a safe space
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μ €λŠ” 제 μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ§„μ‹€λœ
04:02
for this type of honest exchange
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ꡐλ₯˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ•ˆμ „μ§€λŒ€κ°€ 되고
04:05
and an opportunity for people to engage one another
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λ˜ν•œ ν˜„μ‹€μ— ν•„μš”ν•œ 담둠에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ„œλ‘œ μ°Έμ—¬ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
04:07
in real and necessary conversation.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ 되기λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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