Max Little: A test for Parkinson's with a phone call

115,139 views ใƒป 2012-08-07

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Kaminsky ืžื‘ืงืจ: Ido Dekkers
00:15
So, well, I do applied math,
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ืื–, ืื ื™ ืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื™ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ืช
00:18
and this is a peculiar problem
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ื•ื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืฉื•ื ื”
00:19
for anyone who does applied math, is that
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ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืฉื” ืžืชืžื˜ื™ืงื” ื™ืฉื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื™ื
00:21
we are like management consultants.
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืžื• ื™ื•ืขืฆื™ ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ,
00:23
No one knows what the hell we do.
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ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืœื ืžืžืฉ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
00:25
So I am going to give you some -- attempt today
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœืš ืœืชืช ืœื›ื -- ืื ื™ ืื ืกื” ื”ื™ื•ื
00:27
to try and explain to you what I do.
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ืœื”ืฉืชื“ืœ ื•ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื›ื ืžื” ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื”.
00:30
So, dancing is one of the most human of activities.
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ืื–, ืจื™ืงื•ื“ ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ื™ ืื ื•ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ.
00:33
We delight at ballet virtuosos and tap dancers
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืื•ื–ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจืงื“ื ื™ ื‘ืœื˜ ื•ืกื˜ืคืก
00:37
you will see later on.
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ืขื•ื“ ืชืจืื• ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
00:38
Now, ballet requires an extraordinary level of expertise
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื‘ืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืฉ ืจืžืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฆืืช ื“ื•ืคืŸ
00:41
and a high level of skill,
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ื•ืจืžื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื›ื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื,
00:43
and probably a level of initial suitability
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ื•ื›ื ืจืื” ื’ื ืจืžื” ื›ืœืฉื”ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืืžื” ืžืจืืฉ ืœืชื—ื•ื
00:46
that may well have a genetic component to it.
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ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ื’ื ื˜ื™.
00:48
Now, sadly, neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืœืฆืขืจื ื• ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืžื—ืœืช ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ
00:51
gradually destroy this extraordinary ability,
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ื”ื•ืจืกื•ืช ื‘ื”ื“ืจื’ื” ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžื•ืคืœืื” ื”ื–ื•.
00:53
as it is doing to my friend Jan Stripling, who was
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืขื•ืฉื” ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืืŸ ืกื˜ืจื™ืคืœื™ื ื’ ืฉื”ื™ื”
00:56
a virtuoso ballet dancer in his time.
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ืจืงื“ืŸ ื‘ืœื˜ ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืื•ื– ื‘ื–ืžื ื•.
00:59
So great progress and treatment has been made over the years.
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ืื–, ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื ืขืฉืชื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื.
01:02
However, there are 6.3 million people worldwide
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ืืš ื™ืฉื ื 6.3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
01:05
who have the disease, and they have to live with
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ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื—ืœื”, ื•ื”ื ื ืืœืฆื™ื ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืขื
01:08
incurable weakness, tremor, rigidity
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ื—ื•ืœืฉื”, ืจืขื“, ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช,
01:11
and the other symptoms that go along with the disease,
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ื•ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื›ื™ ืžืจืคื ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื”.
01:12
so what we need are objective tools
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื• ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื• ื”ื ื›ืœื™ื ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื
01:15
to detect the disease before it's too late.
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ืฉื™ืืคืฉืจื• ืœืื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™.
01:18
We need to be able to measure progression objectively,
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ืื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ืืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.
01:20
and ultimately, the only way we're going to know
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ืขืช
01:24
when we actually have a cure is when we have
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ืžืชื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื ื• ืชืจื•ืคื”, ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื ื•
01:26
an objective measure that can answer that for sure.
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ืืžื•ืช ืžื™ื“ื” ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขื ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืš ื‘ื•ื•ื“ืื•ืช.
01:29
But frustratingly, with Parkinson's disease
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ืœืžืจื‘ื” ื”ืชืกื›ื•ืœ, ืœืžื—ืœืช ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ
01:32
and other movement disorders, there are no biomarkers,
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ื•ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืชื ื•ืขื” ืื—ืจื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืกืžื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื,
01:34
so there's no simple blood test that you can do,
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ื›ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงืช ื“ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ื” ืื•ืชื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื‘ืฆืข,
01:37
and the best that we have is like
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ื•ื”ืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื”ื•ื
01:38
this 20-minute neurologist test.
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ืžืŸ ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ืขื•ืจืš 20 ื“ืงื•ืช.
01:41
You have to go to the clinic to do it. It's very, very costly,
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ืืชื” ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืžืจืคืื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ื•ื ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืงืจ,
01:43
and that means that, outside the clinical trials,
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ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ืฉืคืจื˜ ืœืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื
01:46
it's just never done. It's never done.
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ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืข. ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžื‘ื•ืฆืข.
01:49
But what if patients could do this test at home?
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช?
01:52
Now, that would actually save on a difficult trip to the clinic,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ื—ืกื•ืš ื ืกื™ืขื” ืงืฉื” ืœืžืจืคืื”.
01:54
and what if patients could do that test themselves, right?
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ื•ืžื” ืื ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื‘ืฆืข ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืขืฆืžื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
01:58
No expensive staff time required.
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ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื–ืžื ื• ื”ื™ืงืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™.
02:00
Takes about $300, by the way,
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ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ืขืจืš 300$, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘,
02:01
in the neurologist's clinic to do it.
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ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื‘ืžืจืคืื” ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช.
02:03
So what I want to propose to you as an unconventional way
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื ื”ื™ื ื“ืจืš ื‘ืœืชื™ ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช
02:06
in which we can try to achieve this,
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ื‘ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื” ื”ื–ื•.
02:08
because, you see, in one sense, at least,
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ื›ื™, ืืชื ืžื‘ื™ื ื™ื, ื‘ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ืื—ื“ ืœืคื—ื•ืช
02:09
we are all virtuosos like my friend Jan Stripling.
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ืื ื• ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืื•ื–ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื™ืืŸ ืกื˜ืจื™ืคืœื™ื ื’.
02:13
So here we have a video of the vibrating vocal folds.
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ืื– ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ื›ืืŸ ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืชืจื™ ืงื•ืœ ืจื•ื˜ื˜ื™ื.
02:16
Now, this is healthy and this is somebody making speech sounds,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ื–ื”ื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืฉืžื™ืข ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ,
02:20
and we can think of ourselves as vocal ballet dancers,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื• ื›ืขืœ ืจืงื“ื ื™ ื‘ืœื˜ ื•ื•ืงืœื™ื™ื,
02:23
because we have to coordinate all of these vocal organs
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื™ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืคืงืช ื”ืงื•ืœ
02:25
when we make sounds, and we all actually
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ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฉืžื™ืขื™ื ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื, ื•ืœื›ื•ืœื ื•
02:28
have the genes for it. FoxP2, for example.
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ื™ืฉ ืœืžืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื“ืจื•ืฉื™ื ืœื›ืš. FoxP2 ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื.
02:30
And like ballet, it takes an extraordinary level of training.
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ื•ื›ืžื• ื‘ื‘ืœื˜ ื“ืจื•ืฉื” ืžื™ื“ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืื™ืžื•ืŸ.
02:33
I mean, just think how long it takes a child to learn to speak.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ืŸ, ืจืง ืชื—ืฉื‘ื• ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื•ืงื— ืœื™ืœื“ ืœืœืžื•ื“ ืœื“ื‘ืจ.
02:35
From the sound, we can actually track
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ืžื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœืขืงื•ื‘ ืื—ืจื™
02:38
the vocal fold position as it vibrates,
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ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ืชืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืœ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื ืจื•ื˜ื˜ื™ื,
02:40
and just as the limbs are affected in Parkinson's,
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ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื›ืžื• ืฉื”ื’ืคื™ื™ื ืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืžืžื—ืœืช ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ
02:42
so too are the vocal organs.
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ื›ืš ืžื•ืฉืคืขื™ื ื’ื ืื™ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืœ.
02:45
So on the bottom trace, you can see an example of
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ืื– ื‘ื’ืจืฃ ื”ืชื—ืชื•ืŸ ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉืœ
02:47
irregular vocal fold tremor.
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ืจืขื“ ื‘ืœืชื™ ืกื“ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืžื™ืชืจื™ ื”ืงื•ืœ.
02:49
We see all the same symptoms.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื ื”ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื.
02:50
We see vocal tremor, weakness and rigidity.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืจืขื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื™ืชืจื™ื, ื—ื•ืœืฉื” ื•ื ื•ืงืฉื•ืช.
02:53
The speech actually becomes quieter and more breathy
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ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืคืš ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืžืชื ืฉืฃ
02:55
after a while, and that's one of the example symptoms of it.
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ืœืื—ืจ ื›ืžื” ื–ืžืŸ, ื•ื–ื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืกื™ืžืคื˜ื•ืžื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื.
02:57
So these vocal effects can actually be quite subtle,
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ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืงืœื™ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืœืžื“ื™
03:00
in some cases, but with any digital microphone,
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ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื›ืœ ืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™
03:03
and using precision voice analysis software
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ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื” ื”ืžื‘ืฆืขืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืง ืœืฆืœื™ืœ
03:06
in combination with the latest in machine learning,
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ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ืขื ื”ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืœืžื™ื“ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื”
03:08
which is very advanced by now,
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ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืงื“ื ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”,
03:10
we can now quantify exactly where somebody lies
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืžื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื ืžืฆื
03:13
on a continuum between health and disease
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ื‘ืจืฆืฃ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืœื—ื•ืœื™,
03:16
using voice signals alone.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืช ื”ื•ื•ืงืœื™ ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
03:18
So these voice-based tests, how do they stack up against
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ืื– ื”ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ื”ืงื•ืœ ื”ืืœื•, ืื™ืš ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืžื•ืœ
03:20
expert clinical tests? We'll, they're both non-invasive.
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ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื? ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืœื ืคื•ืœืฉื ื™ื™ื.
03:23
The neurologist's test is non-invasive. They both use existing infrastructure.
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ื”ืžื‘ื—ืŸ ื”ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ืคื•ืœืฉื ื™. ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืชืฉืชื™ืช ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
03:27
You don't have to design a whole new set of hospitals to do it.
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ืœื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืชื›ื ืŸ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืื•ืชื.
03:30
And they're both accurate. Okay, but in addition,
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ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžื“ื•ื™ื™ืงื™ื. ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขืœ ื›ืš
03:32
voice-based tests are non-expert.
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ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ ืงื•ืœ ืœื ื“ื•ืจืฉื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช.
03:35
That means they can be self-administered.
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื ื›ื™ ื”ื ื ื™ืชื ื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืขืฆืžื™.
03:37
They're high-speed, take about 30 seconds at most.
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ื”ื ืžื”ื™ืจื™ื, ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ื‘ืขืจืš 30 ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ื”ื™ื•ืชืจ.
03:40
They're ultra-low cost, and we all know what happens.
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ื”ื ื–ื•ืœื™ื ืžืื•ื“, ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”
03:42
When something becomes ultra-low cost,
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ื›ืฉืžืฉื”ื• ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ื•ืœ ืžืื•ื“,
03:45
it becomes massively scalable.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืคืš ืœื–ืžื™ืŸ ืžืื•ื“.
03:47
So here are some amazing goals that I think we can deal with now.
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ืื– ื”ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื•ืช ืฉื ืจืื” ืœื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืื™ืชืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
03:51
We can reduce logistical difficulties with patients.
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ืื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื—ื™ืช ืืช ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืœื•ื’ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
03:53
No need to go to the clinic for a routine checkup.
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ืื™ืŸ ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืจืคืื” ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืฉื’ืจืชื™ืช.
03:55
We can do high-frequency monitoring to get objective data.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
03:58
We can perform low-cost mass recruitment for clinical trials,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื’ื™ื•ืก ืžืืกื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื–ื•ืœ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืงืœื™ื ื™ื™ื.
04:02
and we can make population-scale screening
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืกืจื™ืงื•ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช
04:04
feasible for the first time.
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ืœืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืื– ื•ืžืขื•ืœื.
04:05
We have the opportunity to start to search
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื•ืœื—ืคืฉ
04:08
for the early biomarkers of the disease before it's too late.
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ืื—ืจื™ ืกืžื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืžื•ืงื“ืžื™ื ืœืžื—ืœื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ืžื“ื™.
04:11
So, taking the first steps towards this today,
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ืื–, ืื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆืขื“ื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื•ื,
04:14
we're launching the Parkinson's Voice Initiative.
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ื•ืžืฉื™ืงื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื–ืžื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืงื•ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ (Parkingsonโ€™s Voice Initiative).
04:16
With Aculab and PatientsLikeMe, we're aiming
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ื™ื—ื“ ืขื Aculab ื• PatiensLikeMe ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ื™ื
04:18
to record a very large number of voices worldwide
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ืœื”ืงืœื™ื˜ ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื
04:20
to collect enough data to start to tackle these four goals.
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ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืืกื•ืฃ ืžืกืคื™ืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื•ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืืจื‘ืขืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ืืœื•
04:23
We have local numbers accessible to three quarters
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืžืกืคืจื™ ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉืช ืจื‘ืขื™
04:25
of a billion people on the planet.
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ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
04:27
Anyone healthy or with Parkinson's can call in, cheaply,
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ื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ืจื™ื ืื• ื—ื•ืœื” ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ, ื‘ื–ื•ืœ,
04:30
and leave recordings, a few cents each,
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ื•ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ื”ืงืœื˜ื”, ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื›ืžื” ืกื ื˜,
04:32
and I'm really happy to announce that we've already hit
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ื•ืื ื™ ืฉืžื— ืžืื•ื“ ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื’ืขื ื•
04:34
six percent of our target just in eight hours.
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ืœืฉื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ืžื˜ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
04:38
Thank you. (Applause)
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
04:41
(Applause)
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[ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
04:48
Tom Rielly: So Max, by taking all these samples of,
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ื˜ื•ื ืจื™ื™ืœื™: ืื– ืžืงืก, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื›ืœ ื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืฉืœ
04:51
let's say, 10,000 people,
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ื ื ื™ื— 10,000 ืื ืฉื™ื,
04:54
you'll be able to tell who's healthy and who's not?
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ืืชื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ื•ืข ืžื™ ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืžื™ ืœื?
04:57
What are you going to get out of those samples?
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ืžื” ืืชื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื”ื“ื’ื™ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื”?
04:59
Max Little: Yeah. Yeah. So what will happen is that,
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ืžืงืก ืœื™ื˜ืœ: ื›ืŸ. ื›ืŸ. ืื– ืžื” ืฉื™ืงืจื” ื–ื”
05:00
during the call you have to indicate whether or not
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ืฉื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืฉื™ื—ื” ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืื
05:02
you have the disease or not, you see. TR: Right.
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ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืืช ื”ืžื—ืœื” ืื• ืœื, ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ. ื˜ื•ื: ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
05:03
ML: You see, some people may not do it. They may not get through it.
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ืžืงืก: ืืชื” ืžื‘ื™ืŸ, ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื™ืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”. ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ืฉืœื™ืžื• ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš.
05:06
But we'll get a very large sample of data that is collected
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืงื‘ืœ ื“ื’ื™ืžื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ืืกืคื™ื
05:09
from all different circumstances, and it's getting it
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื ื™ ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืื•ืชื
05:12
in different circumstances that matter because then
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ื‘ื ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื–
05:14
we are looking at ironing out the confounding factors,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืžื‘ืœื‘ืœื™ื,
05:17
and looking for the actual markers of the disease.
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ื•ืœื—ืคืฉ ืื—ืจ ื”ืกืžื ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ืœื”.
05:19
TR: So you're 86 percent accurate right now?
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ื˜ื•ื: ืื– ืจืžืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืง ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื™ื 86% ื›ืจื’ืข?
05:22
ML: It's much better than that.
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ืžืงืก: ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื–ื”.
05:23
Actually, my student Thanasis, I have to plug him,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืฉืœื™ ืช'ื ืกื™ืก, ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื•
05:25
because he's done some fantastic work,
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ื›ื™ ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื” ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื”,
05:27
and now he has proved that it works over the mobile telephone network as well,
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ื•ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ืฉื”ืฉื™ื˜ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื’ื ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื,
05:30
which enables this project, and we're getting 99 percent accuracy.
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ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืืช ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื”ื–ื”, ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื 99% ื“ื™ื•ืง.
05:34
TR: Ninety-nine. Well, that's an improvement.
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ื˜ื•ื: 99. ื˜ื•ื‘, ื–ื” ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ.
05:35
So what that means is that people will be able to โ€”
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉื–ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื–ื” ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื•
05:38
ML: (Laughs)
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ืžืงืก: [ืฆื•ื—ืง]
05:39
TR: People will be able to call in from their mobile phones
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ื˜ื•ื: ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ ืžื”ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื
05:41
and do this test, and people with Parkinson's could call in,
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ื”ื–ื•, ื•ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืคืจืงื™ื ืกื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืชืงืฉืจ,
05:44
record their voice, and then their doctor can check up
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ืœื”ืงืœื™ื˜ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืื– ื”ืจื•ืคื ืฉืœื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ
05:47
on their progress, see where they're doing in this course of the disease.
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ื‘ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืœืจืื•ืช ืžื” ืžืฆื‘ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืžื—ืœื”.
05:50
ML: Absolutely.
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ืžืงืก: ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜.
05:51
TR: Thanks so much. Max Little, everybody.
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ื˜ื•ื: ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”. ืžืงืก ืœื™ื˜ืœ, ื’ื‘ื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™!
05:53
ML: Thanks, Tom. (Applause)
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ืžืงืก: ืชื•ื“ื”, ื˜ื•ื. [ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื]
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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