Max Little: A test for Parkinson's with a phone call

114,963 views ・ 2012-08-07

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Morton Bast
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λ²ˆμ—­: K Bang κ²€ν† : Amy Ko
00:15
So, well, I do applied math,
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λ„€.. μ €λŠ” μ‘μš©μˆ˜ν•™μ„ κ³΅λΆ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
and this is a peculiar problem
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이 λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ‘μš© μˆ˜ν•™μ„ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ”
00:19
for anyone who does applied math, is that
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μ•„μ£Ό νŠΉλ³„ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
we are like management consultants.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 경영 μ»¨μ„€ν„΄νŠΈμ²˜λŸΌ λ˜λŠ”κ±°μ£ .
00:23
No one knows what the hell we do.
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아무도 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ„λŒ€μ²΄ 뭘 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
So I am going to give you some -- attempt today
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ•½κ°„μ˜ -- μ‹œλ„
00:27
to try and explain to you what I do.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ μ œκ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 일을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄λ³΄λ €λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
So, dancing is one of the most human of activities.
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좀은 κ°€μž₯ 인간적인 ν–‰μœ„ κ°€μš΄λ° ν•˜λ‚˜μ£ .
00:33
We delight at ballet virtuosos and tap dancers
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 유λͺ…ν•œ 발레의 κ±°μž₯μ΄λ‚˜ νƒ­λŒ„μ„œμ— ν™˜ν˜Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
you will see later on.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ‚˜μ€‘μ— λ³΄μ‹€κ±°μ—μš”.
00:38
Now, ballet requires an extraordinary level of expertise
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자, λ°œλ ˆλŠ” λΉ„λ²”ν•œ μ „λ¬Έμ„±κ³Ό 높은 기술 μˆ˜μ€€μ„
00:41
and a high level of skill,
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ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜μ£ .
00:43
and probably a level of initial suitability
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μ•„λ§ˆ νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜λ©΄μ„œ λΆ€ν„° μœ μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ 지녀야 ν•  λ²•ν•œ μ •λ„λ‘œ
00:46
that may well have a genetic component to it.
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높은 μˆ˜μ€€μ΄μ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:48
Now, sadly, neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease
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μŠ¬ν”„κ²Œλ„ νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€λ³‘ 같은 신경학적 μ§ˆλ³‘μ€
00:51
gradually destroy this extraordinary ability,
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이런 λΉ„λ²”ν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ„œμ„œνžˆ νŒŒκ΄΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
as it is doing to my friend Jan Stripling, who was
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κ·Έ μ‹œλŒ€ 졜고의 발레 λͺ…μž₯μ΄μ—ˆλ˜
00:56
a virtuoso ballet dancer in his time.
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제 친ꡬ μ–€ μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬ν”Œλ§μ—κ²Œλ„ 그런 일이 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
00:59
So great progress and treatment has been made over the years.
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μ˜€λžœλ™μ•ˆ, μš°μˆ˜ν•œ μΉ˜λ£Œλ°©λ²•μ΄ 개발되고 λ°œμ „λ„ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
01:02
However, there are 6.3 million people worldwide
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μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ, 이 λ³‘μœΌ κ²ͺλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:05
who have the disease, and they have to live with
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μ•½ 6λ°±3μ‹­λ§Œ λͺ… μ―€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν™˜μžλ“€μ€ 병과 ν•¨κ»˜ μ§€μ†λ˜λŠ”
01:08
incurable weakness, tremor, rigidity
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μΉ˜λ£ŒλΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 근무λ ₯증, λͺΈλ–¨λ¦Ό, κ·Όμœ‘κ²½ν™”μ¦μ΄λ‚˜
01:11
and the other symptoms that go along with the disease,
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κ·Έ λ°–μ˜ 증세λ₯Ό 가지고 μ‚΄μ•„μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
so what we need are objective tools
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•„μš”λ‘œ ν•˜λŠ” 것은
01:15
to detect the disease before it's too late.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ 늦기 전에 이 병을 μ°Ύμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 객관적인 도ꡬ죠.
01:18
We need to be able to measure progression objectively,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ³‘μ˜ 진행을 κ°κ΄€μ μœΌλ‘œ μΈ‘μ •ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 기쀀이 ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.
01:20
and ultimately, the only way we're going to know
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ꢁ극적으둜 μ–Έμ œ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ κ°€λŠ₯할지 μ•Œ 수 μžˆλŠ”
01:24
when we actually have a cure is when we have
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μœ μΌν•œ 방법은
01:26
an objective measure that can answer that for sure.
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그에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ…ν™•ν•œ 닡을 λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” 척도가 μžˆμ„ λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
But frustratingly, with Parkinson's disease
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그런데 λ§₯λΉ μ§€κ²Œλ„, νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€μ”¨ λ³‘μ΄λ‚˜ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 행동 μž₯μ•  증세에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ
01:32
and other movement disorders, there are no biomarkers,
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μ•„λ¬΄λŸ° 생물학적 ν‘œμ‹œ μΈμžκ°€ μ—†λ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
so there's no simple blood test that you can do,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 직접할 수 μžˆλŠ” ν˜ˆμ•‘ 검사 같은 것도 μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ
01:37
and the best that we have is like
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ΅œμ„ μ€
01:38
this 20-minute neurologist test.
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이런 20λΆ„μ§œλ¦¬ 신경학적 검사가 μ „λΆ€μ—μš”.
01:41
You have to go to the clinic to do it. It's very, very costly,
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이건 병원에 κ°€μ•Όλ§Œ 받을 수 μžˆλŠ” 검사죠.
01:43
and that means that, outside the clinical trials,
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ꡉμž₯히 λΉ„μ‹Ό 검사고 그건 λ°”λ‘œ, μž„μƒ μ‹€ν—˜μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄,
01:46
it's just never done. It's never done.
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μ ˆλŒ€ 받지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” κ²€μ‚¬λΌλŠ” μ˜λ―Έμ—μš”. μ ˆλŒ€ 받지 λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
But what if patients could do this test at home?
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이런걸 μ§‘μ—μ„œ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
01:52
Now, that would actually save on a difficult trip to the clinic,
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그러면, 병원에 κ°€μ•Όν•˜λŠ” μˆ˜κ³ λ„ 덜 수 있고
01:54
and what if patients could do that test themselves, right?
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ, 직접할 수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ’‹κ² μ–΄μš”? κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
01:58
No expensive staff time required.
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λΉ„μš©μ΄ 많이 λ“œλŠ” 검사원도 ν•„μš”μ—†μ–΄μš”.
02:00
Takes about $300, by the way,
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μ•„.. μ‹ κ²½κ³Ό 병원에 κ°€μ„œ ν•˜λ©΄
02:01
in the neurologist's clinic to do it.
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μ•½ 300λ‹¬λŸ¬μ―€ λ“€μ£ .
02:03
So what I want to propose to you as an unconventional way
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 일반적인 방법은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ§€λ§Œ, 이런 검사λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
02:06
in which we can try to achieve this,
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방법을 μ œκ°€ μ œμ•ˆν•˜κ³ μž ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
because, you see, in one sense, at least,
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄, 우리 λͺ¨λ‘λŠ” 제 친ꡬ인 μ–€ μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬ν”Œλ§μ²˜λŸΌ
02:09
we are all virtuosos like my friend Jan Stripling.
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μ΅œμ†Œν•œ μ–΄λ–€ ν•œ μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ” λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:13
So here we have a video of the vibrating vocal folds.
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여기에 μ§„λ™ν•˜λŠ” μ„±λŒ€μ˜ μ˜μƒμ΄ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
02:16
Now, this is healthy and this is somebody making speech sounds,
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μ—¬κΈ° 이건 λ§μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” λ‚΄κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μ„±λŒ€μ—μš”.
02:20
and we can think of ourselves as vocal ballet dancers,
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자 이제 우리 μžμ‹ μ΄ λ°œμ„±ν•˜λŠ” 발레 λŒ„μ„œλΌκ³  생각해보죠.
02:23
because we have to coordinate all of these vocal organs
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄, μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ €λ©΄
02:25
when we make sounds, and we all actually
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 직접 이 λͺ¨λ“  λ°œμ„± 기관을 μ‘°μ •ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
02:28
have the genes for it. FoxP2, for example.
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사싀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ”, 예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄, FoxP2 라고 ν•˜λŠ” μœ μ „μΈμžλ₯Ό 가지고 있죠.
02:30
And like ballet, it takes an extraordinary level of training.
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발레처럼, μ—¬κΈ°μ—” μƒλ‹Ήν•œ μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ ν›ˆλ ¨μ΄ μš”κ΅¬λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
I mean, just think how long it takes a child to learn to speak.
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제 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ”, μ–΄λ¦° 아이가 λ§ν•˜λŠ”κ±Έ λ°°μš°λŠ”λ° μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 였래 κ±Έλ¦¬λŠ”μ§€ 생각해 λ³΄μ‹œλΌλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
From the sound, we can actually track
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μ†Œλ¦¬μ—μ„œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ„±λŒ€κ°€ 떨릴 λ•Œ λ°œμ„±κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ
02:38
the vocal fold position as it vibrates,
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μ•Œμ•„λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
and just as the limbs are affected in Parkinson's,
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νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€μ”¨ 병은 μ†λ°œμ— 영ν–₯을 μ£Όλ“―
02:42
so too are the vocal organs.
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λ°œμ„±κΈ°κ΄€μ—λ„ 영ν–₯을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
So on the bottom trace, you can see an example of
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, μ΅œμ†Œν•œ λ°œμ„±μ—μ„œ
02:47
irregular vocal fold tremor.
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λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ν•œ μ›€μ§μž„μ„ 찾을 수 있죠.
02:49
We see all the same symptoms.
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λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œμ„œ λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 증상이 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
We see vocal tremor, weakness and rigidity.
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λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬μ—, λΉˆμ•½ν•΄μ§€κ±°λ‚˜ κ²½μ§λ˜μ–΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜λŠ” 떨림이 μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
02:53
The speech actually becomes quieter and more breathy
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병이 진행됨에 따라, μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ§μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ 약해지고 점점 μƒˆλŠ” λ“―ν•œ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚˜μš”.
02:55
after a while, and that's one of the example symptoms of it.
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이것이 νŒŒν‚¨ λ³‘μ˜ 증세 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
So these vocal effects can actually be quite subtle,
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사싀 이런 λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬μ˜ λ³€ν™”λŠ” 상황에 따라
03:00
in some cases, but with any digital microphone,
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μ•„μ£Ό λ―Έμ„Έν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 디지털 λ§ˆμ΄ν¬μ™€
03:03
and using precision voice analysis software
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μ •ν™•ν•œ μŒμ„± 뢄석 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:06
in combination with the latest in machine learning,
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λ¬Όλ‘ , μ΅œμ‹ μ˜ μ‚¬μš©λ²•λ„ ν•¨κ»˜ μ΄μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ°,
03:08
which is very advanced by now,
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이런 것듀은 μ΅œκ·Όμ— μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ λ°œμ „ν–ˆμ§€μš”.
03:10
we can now quantify exactly where somebody lies
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이런 κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄, λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„
03:13
on a continuum between health and disease
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μƒνƒœμ™€ 병이 μ§„ν–‰λœ μƒνƒœ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜
03:16
using voice signals alone.
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μ–΄λŠ 지점쯀에 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μˆ˜μΉ˜ν™”ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:18
So these voice-based tests, how do they stack up against
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이런 λ°œμ„±κΈ°λ°˜ 검사가 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 전문적인 의료 검사에
03:20
expert clinical tests? We'll, they're both non-invasive.
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견쀄 수 μžˆκ² λŠλƒκ΅¬μš”? κΈ€μŽ„μš”.. 두가지 λͺ¨λ‘ κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ½μ§€ μ•Šκ΅¬μš”.
03:23
The neurologist's test is non-invasive. They both use existing infrastructure.
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μ‹ κ²½κ³Ό μ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ˜ 검사법도 κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ½μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ•„μš”. 두가지 검사 λͺ¨λ‘ 이미 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” 기반 지식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ£ .
03:27
You don't have to design a whole new set of hospitals to do it.
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이런걸 ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 병원을 ν†΅μ§Έλ‘œ μƒˆλ‘œ μ§€μ–΄μ•Όν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
03:30
And they're both accurate. Okay, but in addition,
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두가지 방법 λͺ¨λ‘ μ •ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ„€ κ·Έλ ‡μ£ . ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
03:32
voice-based tests are non-expert.
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쒋은 점은 μŒμ„±κΈ°λ°˜ κ²€μ‚¬μ—λŠ” μ „λ¬Έκ°€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
03:35
That means they can be self-administered.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ. 이 검사법은 본인 슀슀둜 ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
They're high-speed, take about 30 seconds at most.
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결과도 빨리 μ•Œ 수 있죠, 기껏해야 30초 정도 κ±Έλ¦¬λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
03:40
They're ultra-low cost, and we all know what happens.
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이 검사법은 λΉ„μš©μ΄ 맀우 μ €λ ΄ν•˜κ³ , 여기에 μˆ˜λ°˜λ˜λŠ” 사싀은 λͺ¨λ‘ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹œμ£ .
03:42
When something becomes ultra-low cost,
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가격이 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ²Œ 떨어지면
03:45
it becomes massively scalable.
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λŒ€μ€‘μ μœΌλ‘œ νΌμ Έλ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:47
So here are some amazing goals that I think we can deal with now.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ. 제 생각에 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ λͺ©ν‘œλ₯Ό κ°€μ§€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
We can reduce logistical difficulties with patients.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν™˜μžλ“€μ΄ μΉ˜λŸ¬μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” ꡬ쑰적 어렀움을 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
No need to go to the clinic for a routine checkup.
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즉, 정기검사λ₯Ό λ°›μœΌλŸ¬ 병원에 가지 μ•Šμ•„λ„ λ˜κ΅¬μš”.
03:55
We can do high-frequency monitoring to get objective data.
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객관적인 자료λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ°μœ„ν•΄ 자주 검사λ₯Ό μ‹œν–‰ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
We can perform low-cost mass recruitment for clinical trials,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 맀우 μ €λ ΄ν•œ 돈으둜 λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ μž„μƒ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν•΄λ³Ό μˆ˜λ„ 있고
04:02
and we can make population-scale screening
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처음으둜 μ „ ꡭ민을 λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ ν•œ
04:04
feasible for the first time.
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μ‹€ν˜„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 검사 방법을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
We have the opportunity to start to search
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그러면, λ„ˆλ¬΄ λŠ¦κΈ°μ „μ— 이 λ³‘μ˜ 초기 μΈμ§€μžλ₯Ό
04:08
for the early biomarkers of the disease before it's too late.
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μ°Ύμ•„λ³Ό κΈ°νšŒλ„ κ°–κ²Œ 되죠.
04:11
So, taking the first steps towards this today,
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였늘 λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ 첫 κ±ΈμŒμ„ λ–Όμ–΄λ³΄μ‹€κΉŒμš”.
04:14
we're launching the Parkinson's Voice Initiative.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” "νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€λ³‘ μŒμ„± 검사 κ³„νš"을 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:16
With Aculab and PatientsLikeMe, we're aiming
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μ• νλž©, 'λ‚˜κ°™μ€ ν™˜μž' λΌλŠ” 단체와 ν•¨κ»˜,
04:18
to record a very large number of voices worldwide
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μ „ 세계에 걸쳐 μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μŒμ„±μ„ 기둝해보렀고 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:20
to collect enough data to start to tackle these four goals.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ μžλ£Œκ°€ λͺ¨μ΄λ©΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 넀가지λ₯Ό λͺ©ν‘œλ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄λ³΄μ—¬κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
We have local numbers accessible to three quarters
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 지ꡬ μ „μ²΄μ—μ„œ μ•½ 7μ–΅ 5천만λͺ…μ˜
04:25
of a billion people on the planet.
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μ „ν™” 번호λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
04:27
Anyone healthy or with Parkinson's can call in, cheaply,
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κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€λ³‘μ„ μ•“κ³  μžˆκ±°λ‚˜, λˆ„κ΅¬λ“  μ €λ ΄ν•œ λΉ„μš©μœΌλ‘œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό ν•΄μ„œ
04:30
and leave recordings, a few cents each,
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λͺ©κ³ λ¦¬λ₯Ό 남기면 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 겨우 λͺ‡ 십원 정도면 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
and I'm really happy to announce that we've already hit
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겨우 8μ‹œκ°„λ§Œμ— 저희 λͺ©ν‘œμΉ˜μ— 6% λ₯Ό μ°μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을
04:34
six percent of our target just in eight hours.
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μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μžˆμ–΄ 기뢄이 μ’‹μ•„μš”.
04:38
Thank you. (Applause)
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ°•μˆ˜)
04:41
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
04:48
Tom Rielly: So Max, by taking all these samples of,
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ν†° 라일리: κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ λ§₯μŠ€μ”¨, 이런 ν‘œλ³Έλ“€μ„ λͺ¨μœΌλ©΄
04:51
let's say, 10,000 people,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 1만λͺ…이라고 해보죠.
04:54
you'll be able to tell who's healthy and who's not?
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κ·Έ 쀑에 λˆ„κ°€ κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ³  λˆ„κ°€ 병에 κ±Έλ ΈλŠ”μ§€ ꡬ뢄할 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±΄κ°€μš”?
04:57
What are you going to get out of those samples?
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λ§₯μŠ€μ”¨κ»˜μ„œλŠ” 이 ν‘œλ³ΈμœΌλ‘œ 뭘 ν•˜μ‹œλ €κ³  ν•˜λŠ”κ±°μ£ ?
04:59
Max Little: Yeah. Yeah. So what will happen is that,
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λ§₯슀 리틀: λ„€, λ„€.. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ 사싀
05:00
during the call you have to indicate whether or not
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ „ν™”ν•΄μ„œ ν†΅ν™”ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„ μ•ˆμ— κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ·Έ 병에 κ±Έλ ΈλŠ”μ§€ μ•„λ‹Œμ§€
05:02
you have the disease or not, you see. TR: Right.
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밝힐 수 μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν†°: κ·Έλ ‡μ£ .
05:03
ML: You see, some people may not do it. They may not get through it.
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λ§₯슀: μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•ˆ ν•˜κ² μ£ .
05:06
But we'll get a very large sample of data that is collected
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ 상황에 μžˆλŠ”
05:09
from all different circumstances, and it's getting it
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μ•„μ£Ό λ§Žμ€ μžλ£Œκ°€ μŒ“μ΄κ²Œ 되면,
05:12
in different circumstances that matter because then
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 점은 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 경우의 ν‘œλ³Έμ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”κ±΄λ°μš”
05:14
we are looking at ironing out the confounding factors,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” ν˜Όλ™μ„ μ€„λ§Œν•œ μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ™„μ „νžˆ μ œκ±°ν•˜κ³ 
05:17
and looking for the actual markers of the disease.
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이 병에 λŒ€ν•œ μ‹€μ œμ μΈ ν‘œμ‹œ 인자λ₯Ό 찾으렀고 ν•˜κ±°λ“ μš”.
05:19
TR: So you're 86 percent accurate right now?
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ν†°: κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ§€κΈˆ 86% 의 정확도λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:22
ML: It's much better than that.
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λ§₯슀: 그거보닀 훨씬 μ’‹μ•„μš”.
05:23
Actually, my student Thanasis, I have to plug him,
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제 학생 νƒ€λ‚˜μ‹œμŠ€ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄μ•Όκ² κ΅°μš”.
05:25
because he's done some fantastic work,
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κ·Έ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ μž‘μ—…μ„ ν•΄λƒˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
05:27
and now he has proved that it works over the mobile telephone network as well,
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κ·Έ 학생이 이런 과정을 이동전화기λ₯Ό ν†΅ν•΄μ„œλ„ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
05:30
which enables this project, and we're getting 99 percent accuracy.
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κ·Έ 덕택에, 이런 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈκ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•΄μ‘Œμ–΄μš”. μ €ν¬λŠ” 99%의 정확도λ₯Ό μ–»κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
TR: Ninety-nine. Well, that's an improvement.
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ν†°: 99% μš”.. λŒ€λ‹¨ν•œ λ°œμ „μΈλ°μš”.
05:35
So what that means is that people will be able to β€”
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ, κ·Έ 말은..
05:38
ML: (Laughs)
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λ§₯슀: (μ›ƒμŒ)
05:39
TR: People will be able to call in from their mobile phones
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ν†°: μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ΄λ™μ „ν™”κΈ°λ‘œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έμ–΄μ„œ
05:41
and do this test, and people with Parkinson's could call in,
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검사λ₯Ό 받을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ”κ±°μ£ . νŒŒν‚¨μŠ€λ³‘μ„ 가진 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό ν•΄μ„œ
05:44
record their voice, and then their doctor can check up
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λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 남기면, μ˜μ‚¬κ°€ λ³‘μ˜ 진행 정도λ₯Ό
05:47
on their progress, see where they're doing in this course of the disease.
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즉, 이 병이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œλ €μ€„ 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
05:50
ML: Absolutely.
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λ§₯슀: κ·ΈλŸΌμš”.
05:51
TR: Thanks so much. Max Little, everybody.
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ν†°: κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€, λ§₯μŠ€μ”¨ 그리고 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„μš”..
05:53
ML: Thanks, Tom. (Applause)
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λ§₯슀: κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. (λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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