Sleep Is Your Superpower | Matt Walker | TED

13,839,073 views ใƒป 2019-06-03

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Yael Ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Shai Hakim
00:12
Thank you very much.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
00:14
Well, I would like to start with testicles.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ืืฉื›ื™ื.
00:18
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:21
Men who sleep five hours a night
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ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”
00:23
have significantly smaller testicles than those who sleep seven hours or more.
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ื™ืฉ ืืฉื›ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืžืืœื” ื”ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ.
00:29
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:32
In addition, men who routinely sleep just four to five hours a night
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ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืœื’ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงื‘ื•ืข ืจืง ืืจื‘ืข ืื• ื—ืžืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”
00:37
will have a level of testosterone
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ืชื”ื™ื” ืจืžืช ื˜ืกื˜ื•ืกื˜ืจื•ืŸ
00:39
which is that of someone 10 years their senior.
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ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื” ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจ ืžื”ื ื‘ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื.
00:45
So a lack of sleep will age a man by a decade
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ืื– ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื™ื–ืงื™ืŸ ื’ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจ
00:48
in terms of that critical aspect of wellness.
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ื‘ืžื•ื ื—ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช.
00:53
And we see equivalent impairments in female reproductive health
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืœื™ืงื•ื™ื™ื ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื ืฉื™ื
00:58
caused by a lack of sleep.
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ื”ื ื’ืจืžื™ื ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”.
01:03
This is the best news that I have for you today.
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ืืœื• ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื.
01:05
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:08
From this point, it may only get worse.
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ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ื”ืœืื”, ื–ื” ืจืง ื™ืœืš ื•ื™ืชื“ืจื“ืจ.
01:10
Not only will I tell you about the wonderfully good things
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื ืคืœืื™ื
01:13
that happen when you get sleep,
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ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ื›ืฉืืชื ื™ืฉื ื™ื,
01:15
but the alarmingly bad things that happen when you don't get enough,
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ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืจืขื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื™ื ื›ืฉืืชื ืœื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง,
01:20
both for your brain and for your body.
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ื”ืŸ ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื.
01:23
Let me start with the brain
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ืชืจืฉื• ืœื™ ืœืคืชื•ื— ื‘ืžื•ื—
01:25
and the functions of learning and memory,
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ื•ืคืขื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ,
01:28
because what we've discovered over the past 10 or so years
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืฉืš ืขืฉืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ
01:32
is that you need sleep after learning
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ื”ื•ื ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื™ ืœืžื™ื“ื”
01:35
to essentially hit the save button on those new memories
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ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืœืœื—ื•ืฅ ืขืœ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื•ืชื ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
01:38
so that you don't forget.
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ื›ืš ืฉืœื ืชืฉื›ื—ื• ืื•ืชื.
01:40
But recently, we discovered that you also need sleep before learning
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉืืชื ื’ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”
01:46
to actually prepare your brain,
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ื›ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืฆื ืœื”ื›ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื
01:49
almost like a dry sponge
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ืกืคื•ื’ ื™ื‘ืฉ
01:51
ready to initially soak up new information.
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ืžื•ื›ืŸ ืžืœื›ืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืกืคื•ื’ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ื“ืฉ.
01:55
And without sleep, the memory circuits of the brain
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ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื”, ืžืขื’ืœื™ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื—
01:58
essentially become waterlogged, as it were,
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ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืœืกืคื•ื’ื™ ืžื™ื, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ,
02:01
and you can't absorb new memories.
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ื•ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืคื•ื’ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
02:04
So let me show you the data.
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ืื– ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื.
02:06
Here in this study, we decided to test the hypothesis
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ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื”ื—ืœื˜ื ื• ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืขืจื”
02:10
that pulling the all-nighter was a good idea.
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ืœืคื™ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ืช "ืœื™ืœื” ืœื‘ืŸ" ื”ื•ื ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘.
02:14
So we took a group of individuals
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ืื– ืœืงื—ื ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื
02:16
and we assigned them to one of two experimental groups:
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ื•ื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ืื•ืชื ืœืื—ืช ืžืฉืชื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ:
02:20
a sleep group and a sleep deprivation group.
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”.
02:23
Now the sleep group, they're going to get a full eight hours of slumber,
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ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”, ื”ื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช,
02:28
but the deprivation group, we're going to keep them awake
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ืื‘ืœ ืืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื ืฉืื™ืจ ืขืจื™ื
02:31
in the laboratory, under full supervision.
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ื‘ืžืขื‘ื“ื”, ืชื—ืช ื”ืฉื’ื—ื” ืžืœืื”.
02:33
There's no naps or caffeine, by the way, so it's miserable for everyone involved.
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ืื™ืŸ ืชื ื•ืžื•ืช ืงืœื•ืช ืื• ืงืคืื™ืŸ, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘, ืื– ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื•ื ืขื’ื•ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื.
02:38
And then the next day,
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ื•ืื– ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืžื—ืจืช,
02:40
we're going to place those participants inside an MRI scanner
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืก ืืช ื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ื ื”ืืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืกื•ืจืง MRI
02:44
and we're going to have them try and learn a whole list of new facts
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืžื”ื ืœืฉื ืŸ ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช
02:48
as we're taking snapshots of brain activity.
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ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆืœืžื™ื ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื—.
02:51
And then we're going to test them
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ื•ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืื•ืชื
02:53
to see how effective that learning has been.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช.
02:56
And that's what you're looking at here on the vertical axis.
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืจื•ืื™ื ื›ืืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ืจ ื”ืื ื›ื™.
03:00
And when you put those two groups head to head,
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ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืžืขืžื™ื“ื™ื ืืช ืฉืชื™ ื”ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ื–ื• ืžื•ืœ ื–ื•,
03:03
what you find is a quite significant, 40-percent deficit
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ืžื” ืฉืชื’ืœื• ื”ื•ื ื“ื™ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 40 ืื—ื•ื–
03:08
in the ability of the brain to make new memories without sleep.
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ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ืžื•ื—ื™ืช ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื ืœืœื ืฉื™ื ื”.
03:13
I think this should be concerning,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื“ืื™ื’,
03:14
considering what we know is happening to sleep
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ื‘ื”ืชื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืงื•ืจื” ืœืฉื™ื ื”
03:17
in our education populations right now.
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ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ื›ืจื’ืข.
03:20
In fact, to put that in context,
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื”,
03:22
it would be the difference in a child acing an exam
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ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœ ืฉื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืœื“ ื”ืžืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ื”
03:25
versus failing it miserably -- 40 percent.
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ืœืขื•ืžืช ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ - 40 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
03:30
And we've gone on to discover what goes wrong within your brain
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ื”ืžืฉื›ื ื• ื•ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืžื” ื”ื›ืฉืœ ืฉืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื
03:34
to produce these types of learning disabilities.
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ืฉืžืคื™ืง ืืช ืกื•ื’ื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื”ืืœื”.
03:38
And there's a structure that sits
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ื™ืฉื ื• ื—ืœืง ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘
03:40
on the left and the right side of your brain, called the hippocampus.
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ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ื™ืžื ื™ ื•ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื, ืฉื ืงืจื ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืงืžืคื•ืก.
03:45
And you can think of the hippocampus
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ื”ื™ืคื•ืงืžืคื•ืก
03:46
almost like the informational inbox of your brain.
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ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื.
03:50
It's very good at receiving new memory files
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ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืงืœื™ื˜ืช ืงื‘ืฆื™ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื—ื“ืฉื™ื
03:53
and then holding on to them.
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ื•ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื.
03:56
And when you look at this structure
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื• ื‘ื—ืœืง ื”ื–ื”
03:58
in those people who'd had a full night of sleep,
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ืืฆืœ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉื ื• ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœื,
04:01
we saw lots of healthy learning-related activity.
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ืจืื™ื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ื”.
04:06
Yet in those people who were sleep-deprived,
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ื•ืื™ืœื• ืืฆืœ ืื•ืชื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ื™ืฉื ื•,
04:09
we actually couldn't find any significant signal whatsoever.
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ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืฉื•ื ืื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
04:14
So it's almost as though sleep deprivation had shut down your memory inbox,
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ืื– ื–ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืื™ืœื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืช ืืช ืชื™ื‘ืช ื”ื“ื•ืืจ ื”ื ื›ื ืก ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื,
04:19
and any new incoming files -- they were just being bounced.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืงื•ื‘ืฅ ื—ื“ืฉ ืฉื ื›ื ืก -- ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื ื—ืกืžื•.
04:23
You couldn't effectively commit new experiences to memory.
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ืืชื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ.
04:30
So that's the bad that can happen if I were to take sleep away from you,
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ื–ื” ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืจืข ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงืจื•ืช ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžื•ื ืข ืžื›ื ืฉื™ื ื”,
04:34
but let me just come back to that control group for a second.
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืชื” ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืœืฉื ื™ื”.
04:38
Do you remember those folks that got a full eight hours of sleep?
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ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ืืœื” ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืžืœืื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื”?
04:42
Well, we can ask a very different question:
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืฉืืœื” ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื•ื ื”:
04:44
What is it about the physiological quality of your sleep
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ืžื” ื™ืฉ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื
04:48
when you do get it
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ื›ืฉืืชื ื™ืฉื ื™ื
04:50
that restores and enhances your memory and learning ability
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ืฉืžืฉืงืžืช ื•ืžืขืฆื™ืžื” ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื
04:53
each and every day?
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ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื?
04:56
And by placing electrodes all over the head,
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ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื ื—ืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืจืืฉ,
04:59
what we've discovered is that there are big, powerful brainwaves
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ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื’ืœื™ ืžื•ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื—ื–ืงื™ื
05:03
that happen during the very deepest stages of sleep
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ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”
05:06
that have riding on top of them
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ืฉืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ื”ื ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช
05:09
these spectacular bursts of electrical activity
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ืคืจืฆื™ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื—ืฉืžืœื™ืช ืžืจื”ื™ื‘ื™ื
05:12
that we call sleep spindles.
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ืื•ืชื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื›ื ื™ื ืฆื™ืจื™ ืฉื™ื ื”.
05:15
And it's the combined quality of these deep-sleep brainwaves
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ืœื‘ืช ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื ื’ืœื™ ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื”
05:19
that acts like a file-transfer mechanism at night,
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ืฉืคื•ืขืœื™ื ื›ืžื• ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืช ืงืฆื‘ื™ื ื‘ืœื™ืœื”,
05:23
shifting memories from a short-term vulnerable reservoir
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ื”ืžื–ื™ื– ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืžืื’ืจ ื”ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืงืฆืจ ื”ืคื’ื™ืข
05:28
to a more permanent long-term storage site within the brain,
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ืœืื—ืกื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงื‘ื•ืข ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ื—,
05:32
and therefore protecting them, making them safe.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืžื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื ืœื‘ื˜ื•ื—ื™ื.
05:37
And it is important that we understand
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ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื ื‘ื™ืŸ
05:39
what during sleep actually transacts these memory benefits,
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ืžื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ืขืฆื ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ื”ืืœื”,
05:44
because there are real medical and societal implications.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื” ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™ื•ืช ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื•ืช.
05:48
And let me just tell you about one area
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ืชื ื• ืœื™ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืื—ื“
05:50
that we've moved this work out into, clinically,
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ืœืชื•ื›ื• ื”ืžืจื ื• ืืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืงืœื™ื ื™,
05:54
which is the context of aging and dementia.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื”ืงืฉืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื•ื“ืžื ืฆื™ื”.
05:58
Because it's of course no secret that, as we get older,
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื ืกื•ื“ ืฉื›ื›ืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื–ื“ืงื ื™ื,
06:02
our learning and memory abilities begin to fade and decline.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื“ืขื•ืš ื•ืœืจื“ืช.
06:07
But what we've also discovered
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื” ืฉื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ื’ื
06:08
is that a physiological signature of aging is that your sleep gets worse,
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื–ืงื ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชืžืขื˜ืช,
06:15
especially that deep quality of sleep that I was just discussing.
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ื‘ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื” ื”ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉื›ืจื’ืข ื“ื™ื‘ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ื”.
06:20
And only last year, we finally published evidence
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ื•ืจืง ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ืคืจืกืžื ื• ื”ื•ื›ื—ื”
06:23
that these two things, they're not simply co-occurring,
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ืœื›ืš ืฉืฉื ื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืชืจื—ืฉื™ื ื‘ื• ื–ืžื ื™ืช,
06:26
they are significantly interrelated.
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ืืœื ื”ื ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
06:30
And it suggests that the disruption of deep sleep
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื”
06:34
is an underappreciated factor
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ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ืžื•ืขืจืš
06:36
that is contributing to cognitive decline or memory decline
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ื”ืชื•ืจื ืœื ืกื™ื’ื” ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ืื• ืœื™ืจื™ื“ืช ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ
06:40
in aging, and most recently we've discovered,
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ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช, ื•ืžืžืฉ ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื•
06:44
in Alzheimer's disease as well.
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ืฉื’ื ื‘ืžื—ืœืช ื”ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ.
06:48
Now, I know this is remarkably depressing news.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืœื” ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืžืžืฉ ืžื“ื›ืื•ืช.
06:52
It's in the mail. It's coming at you.
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ื”ืŸ ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ, ื‘ื“ืจืš ืืœื™ื›ื.
06:54
But there's a potential silver lining here.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ืืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืคื•ื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™.
06:57
Unlike many of the other factors that we know are associated with aging,
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ืฉืœื ื›ืžื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช,
07:02
for example changes in the physical structure of the brain,
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ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื‘ื ื” ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ืงืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื—,
07:06
that's fiendishly difficult to treat.
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ืฉืžืžืฉ ืงืฉื” ืœื˜ืคืœ ื‘ื”ื.
07:09
But that sleep is a missing piece in the explanatory puzzle
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื—ืกืจ ื‘ื”ืกื‘ืจ
07:13
of aging and Alzheimer's is exciting
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ืœื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื•ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ ื”ื™ื ืžืจื’ืฉืช
07:16
because we may be able to do something about it.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ื‘ื ื“ื•ืŸ.
07:20
And one way that we are approaching this at my sleep center
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ื“ืจืš ืื—ืช ื‘ื” ืื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ื–ื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื™
07:24
is not by using sleeping pills, by the way.
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ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ื“ื•ืจื™ ืฉื™ื ื”, ื“ืจืš ืื’ื‘.
07:27
Unfortunately, they are blunt instruments that do not produce naturalistic sleep.
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ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ ืืœื” ื”ื ื›ืœื™ื ื‘ื•ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืคื™ืงื™ื ืฉื™ื ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช.
07:33
Instead, we're actually developing a method based on this.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื‘ืขืฆื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืฉื™ื˜ื” ื”ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื–ื”.
07:36
It's called direct current brain stimulation.
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ื”ื™ื ื ืงืจืืช ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื’ืœื™ ืžื•ื— ื™ืฉื™ืจ.
07:40
You insert a small amount of voltage into the brain,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื“ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืชื— ื—ืฉืžืœื™ ืœืžื•ื—,
07:43
so small you typically don't feel it,
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืœื ืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื‘ื”,
07:45
but it has a measurable impact.
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืœื” ื”ืฉืคืขื” ื ื™ืชื ืช ืœืžื“ื™ื“ื”.
07:48
Now if you apply this stimulation during sleep in young, healthy adults,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ืชื‘ืฆืขื• ืืช ื”ื’ื™ืจื•ื™ ื”ื–ื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื™ื ื” ืืฆืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ื•ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื
07:55
as if you're sort of singing in time with those deep-sleep brainwaves,
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ื” ืืชื ืฉืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ืงืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”,
07:59
not only can you amplify the size of those deep-sleep brainwaves,
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ืœื ืจืง ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืขืฆื™ื ืืช ื’ื•ื“ืœื ืฉืœ ื’ืœื™ ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”,
08:04
but in doing so, we can almost double the amount of memory benefit
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืžืขืฉื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ
08:09
that you get from sleep.
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ืฉืืชื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”.
08:11
The question now is whether we can translate
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืชืจื’ื
08:13
this same affordable, potentially portable piece of technology
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ืืช ืื•ืชื” ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•ืœื”, ื•ื”ื ื™ื™ื“ืช ืœื›ืื•ืจื”
08:18
into older adults and those with dementia.
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ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื•ืืœื” ื”ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžื“ืžื ืฆื™ื”.
08:22
Can we restore back some healthy quality of deep sleep,
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื—ื–ืจ ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ืขืžื•ืงื”,
08:27
and in doing so, can we salvage aspects of their learning
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ื•ื‘ื›ืš, ืœืฉืžืจ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื”
08:31
and memory function?
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ื•ื”ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืฉืœื”ื?
08:33
That is my real hope now.
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ื–ืืช ื”ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืœื™ ื›ืขืช.
08:36
That's one of our moon-shot goals, as it were.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืื—ืช ืžืžื˜ืจื•ืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ืฉืœื ื•, ืœื›ืื•ืจื”.
08:41
So that's an example of sleep for your brain,
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ืื– ื–ื•ื”ื™ ื“ื•ื’ืžื ืœืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืœืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื,
08:44
but sleep is just as essential for your body.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื.
08:49
We've already spoken about sleep loss and your reproductive system.
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจื‘ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
08:53
Or I could tell you about sleep loss and your cardiovascular system,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื’ื ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืœื‘ ื•ื›ืœื™ ื”ื“ื ืฉืœื›ื,
08:58
and that all it takes is one hour.
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ื•ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืฆืจื™ืš ื–ื” ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ื‘ืœื‘ื“.
09:01
Because there is a global experiment performed on 1.6 billion people
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ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ืžื—ืงืจ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืฆืข ืขืœ 1.6 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื
09:07
across 70 countries twice a year,
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ื‘70 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”,
09:11
and it's called daylight saving time.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื ืงืจื ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืงื™ืฅ.
09:14
Now, in the spring, when we lose one hour of sleep,
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ื‘ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉืขื” ืื—ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื”,
09:18
we see a subsequent 24-percent increase in heart attacks that following day.
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ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 24 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืงืคื™ ืœื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืฉืœืžื—ืจืช.
09:26
In the autumn, when we gain an hour of sleep,
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ื‘ืกืชื™ื•, ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืจื•ื•ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉืขื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื”,
09:30
we see a 21-percent reduction in heart attacks.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ 21 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ื”ืชืงืคื™ื.
09:35
Isn't that incredible?
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ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ืžื“ื”ื™ื?
09:38
And you see exactly the same profile for car crashes, road traffic accidents,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช ื‘ืชืื•ื ื•ืช ื“ืจื›ื™ื, ื”ืชืจืกืงื•ืช ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช,
09:44
even suicide rates.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืชืื‘ื“ื•ืช.
09:48
But as a deeper dive, I want to focus on this:
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฆืœื•ืœ ืขืžื•ืง ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ื–ื”:
09:51
sleep loss and your immune system.
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
09:55
And here, I'll introduce these delightful blue elements in the image.
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ื›ืืŸ, ืื ื™ ืืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื—ืžื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื‘ืชืžื•ื ื”.
10:00
They are called natural killer cells,
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ื”ื ื ืงืจืื™ื ืชืื™ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืžืœื™ื“ื”,
10:03
and you can think of natural killer cells almost like the secret service agents
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืชืื™ ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืžืœื™ื“ื” ื›ืžืขื˜ ื›ืžื• ื”ืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉืื™ื™ื
10:08
of your immune system.
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ืฉืœ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
10:09
They are very good at identifying dangerous, unwanted elements
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ื”ื ืžืžืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืžืกื•ื›ื ื™ื ื•ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื
10:14
and eliminating them.
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ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืกื•ืœื.
10:17
In fact, what they're doing here is destroying a cancerous tumor mass.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื ื”ื•ืจืกื™ื ื’ื•ืฉ ืกืจื˜ื ื™.
10:22
So what you wish for is a virile set of these immune assassins
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ืื– ืžื” ืฉืชืจืฆื• ื”ื•ื ืžืขืจืš ืฉืœ ืžืชื ืงืฉื™ื ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื™ื ืžื™ื•ืžื ื™ื
10:28
at all times,
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ื‘ื›ืœ ืขืช.
10:30
and tragically, that's what you don't have if you're not sleeping enough.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ืจืื’ื™, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ืื ืืชื ืœื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง.
10:35
So here in this experiment,
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื”,
10:37
you're not going to have your sleep deprived for an entire night,
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ืืชื ืœื ืชืคืกืคืกื• ืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื”,
10:41
you're simply going to have your sleep restricted to four hours
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ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœืช ืœืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื”
10:44
for one single night,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“
10:46
and then we're going to look to see what's the percent reduction
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ื•ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื”
10:49
in immune cell activity that you suffer.
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ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืชืื™ื ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจืช.
10:52
And it's not small -- it's not 10 percent,
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ื”ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื•ื ืœื ืงื˜ืŸ - ื”ื•ื ืœื 10 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื,
10:55
it's not 20 percent.
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ื”ื•ื ืœื 20 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื.
10:57
There was a 70-percent drop in natural killer cell activity.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื ืคื™ืœื” ืฉืœ 70 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืชืื™ื ื”ืจื•ืฆื—ื™ื ืžืœื™ื“ื”.
11:03
That's a concerning state of immune deficiency,
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืžื“ืื™ื’ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™,
11:09
and you can perhaps understand why we're now finding
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ื•ืืคืฉืจ ืื•ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื
11:12
significant links between short sleep duration
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ืงืฉืจื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื ื” ืžืงื•ืฆืจื•ืช
11:16
and your risk for the development of numerous forms of cancer.
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ื•ืจืžืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืœืคืชื— ืžืกืคืจ ืจื‘ ืฉืœ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืกืจื˜ืŸ.
11:21
Currently, that list includes cancer of the bowel,
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ื›ืจื’ืข, ื”ืจืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ื›ื•ืœืœืช ืืช ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืžืขื™,
11:24
cancer of the prostate and cancer of the breast.
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ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืขืจืžื•ื ื™ืช ื•ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ืฉื“.
11:29
In fact, the link between a lack of sleep and cancer is now so strong
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื•ืกืจื˜ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื—ื–ืง
11:35
that the World Health Organization
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ืฉืืจื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ (WHO)
11:37
has classified any form of nighttime shift work
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ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ื›ืœ ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื‘ืžืฉืžืจืช ืœื™ืœื”
11:41
as a probable carcinogen,
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ื›ื’ื•ืจื ืžืกืจื˜ืŸ ืกื‘ื™ืจ,
11:45
because of a disruption of your sleep-wake rhythms.
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ื‘ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืคืจืขื” ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
11:49
So you may have heard of that old maxim
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ืื– ืื•ืœื™ ืฉืžืขืชื ืืช ื”ืขืฆื” ื”ื™ืฉื ื”
11:52
that you can sleep when you're dead.
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ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื‘ืจ.
11:54
Well, I'm being quite serious now --
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืื ื™ ืžืžืฉ ืจืฆื™ื ื™ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• --
11:56
it is mortally unwise advice.
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขืฆื” ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื—ื›ืžื” ื•ืžืกื•ื›ื ืช ืžืื•ื“.
12:00
We know this from epidemiological studies across millions of individuals.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ืžืžื—ืงืจื™ื ืืคื™ื“ืžื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืฉื ืขืจื›ื• ืขืœ ืžืœื™ื•ื ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื.
12:05
There's a simple truth:
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ื™ืฉื ื” ืืžืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”:
12:07
the shorter your sleep, the shorter your life.
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืืชื” ืžืงืฆืจ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื”, ื›ืš ื™ืชืงืฆืจื• ื—ื™ื™ืš.
12:10
Short sleep predicts all-cause mortality.
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ืฉื™ื ื” ืงืฆืจื” ืžื ื‘ืืช ืชืžื•ืชื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
12:16
And if increasing your risk for the development of cancer
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ื•ืื ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืœืกืจื˜ืŸ
12:21
or even Alzheimer's disease
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ืื• ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืžื—ืœืช ื”ืืœืฆื”ื™ื™ืžืจ
12:23
were not sufficiently disquieting,
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ืื™ื ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ืžื‘ื”ื™ืœื”,
12:27
we have since discovered that a lack of sleep will even erode
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ืžืื– ื›ื‘ืจ ื’ื™ืœื™ื ื• ืฉื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืคื•ืจืจ
12:31
the very fabric of biological life itself,
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ืืช ืืจื™ื’ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื ืขืฆืžื,
12:36
your DNA genetic code.
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ื”ืงื•ื“ ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ ืฉื‘DNA ืฉืœื›ื.
12:40
So here in this study, they took a group of healthy adults
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ืื– ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื ืœืงื—ื• ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื‘ืจื™ืื™ื
12:43
and they limited them to six hours of sleep a night
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ื•ื”ื’ื‘ื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื ืœืฉืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœื”
12:47
for one week,
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ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืื—ื“,
12:49
and then they measured the change in their gene activity profile
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ื•ืื– ื”ื ืžื“ื“ื• ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื’ื ื˜ื™ืช ืฉืœื”ื
12:53
relative to when those same individuals
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ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื• ืื•ืชื ื ื‘ื—ื ื™ื
12:55
were getting a full eight hours of sleep a night.
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ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืฉืขื•ืช ืฉื™ื ื” ืžืœืื•ืช ื‘ืœื™ืœื”.
12:59
And there were two critical findings.
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ื”ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉื ื™ ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื:
13:02
First, a sizable and significant 711 genes
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืžืกืคืจ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ืฉืœ 711 ื’ื ื™ื
13:07
were distorted in their activity,
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ืขื™ื•ื•ืชื• ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
13:09
caused by a lack of sleep.
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ื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”.
13:11
The second result was that about half of those genes
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ื”ืชื•ืฆืื” ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื›ืžื—ืฆื™ืช ืžื”ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื•
13:15
were actually increased in their activity.
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ืœืžืขืฉื” ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื.
13:17
The other half were decreased.
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ื”ื—ืฆื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ื”ืคื—ื™ืชื• ืื•ืชื”.
13:20
Now those genes that were switched off by a lack of sleep
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ืื•ืชื ื’ื ื™ื ืฉื ื›ื‘ื• ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”
13:23
were genes associated with your immune system,
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ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
13:27
so once again, you can see that immune deficiency.
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ืื– ืฉื•ื‘, ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื—ื™ืกื•ื ื™ ื”ื–ื”.
13:31
In contrast, those genes that were actually upregulated
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ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื›ืš, ืื•ืชื ื”ื’ื ื™ื ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืฉื•ื“ืจื’ื•
13:34
or increased by way of a lack of sleep,
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ืื• ื”ื’ื“ื™ืœื• ืืช ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื ื‘ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”,
13:36
were genes associated with the promotion of tumors,
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ื”ื™ื• ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื™ืชื•ื— ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœื™ื,
13:40
genes associated with long-term chronic inflammation within the body,
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ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืœืงื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ื•ื— ืืจื•ืš ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ืฃ,
13:45
and genes associated with stress,
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ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืชื—,
13:48
and, as a consequence, cardiovascular disease.
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ื•ื›ืชื•ืฆืื” ืžื›ืš, ืžื—ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ื“ื ื•ืœื‘.
13:53
There is simply no aspect of your wellness
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื
13:56
that can retreat at the sign of sleep deprivation
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ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื’ืช ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”
14:00
and get away unscathed.
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ื•ืœื”ืชื—ืžืง ืœืœื ืฉืจื™ื˜ื•ืช.
14:02
It's rather like a broken water pipe in your home.
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ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืฆื™ื ื•ืจ ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ื•ืจ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช.
14:05
Sleep loss will leak down into every nook and cranny
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ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื” ื™ืชืคืฉื˜ ืœื›ืœ ืคื™ื ื” ื•ืกื“ืง
14:09
of your physiology,
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ืฉืœ ื”ืคื™ื–ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื,
14:12
even tampering with the very DNA nucleic alphabet
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื™ืชืขืกืง ื‘ืืœืคื‘ื™ืช ื”ื’ืจืขื™ื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”DNA ืขืฆืžื•
14:15
that spells out your daily health narrative.
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ืฉืžื›ืชื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ ืฉืœื›ื.
14:21
And at this point, you may be thinking,
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ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื
14:24
"Oh my goodness, how do I start to get better sleep?
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"ืื•ื™ ืืœื•ื”ื™ื, ืื™ืš ืื ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ?
14:27
What are you tips for good sleep?"
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ืžื” ื”ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฉืœืš ืœืฉื™ื ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ?"
14:30
Well, beyond avoiding the damaging and harmful impact
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืขื•ืช ืžื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื”ืžื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืจืกื ื™ื•ืช
14:34
of alcohol and caffeine on sleep,
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ืฉืœ ืืœื›ื•ื”ื•ืœ ื•ืงืคืื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื”,
14:37
and if you're struggling with sleep at night,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืžืชืงืฉื™ื ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื™ืœื”,
14:39
avoiding naps during the day,
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ื•ื ืžื ืขื™ื ืžืชื ื•ืžื•ืช ืงืฆืจื•ืช ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ื•ื,
14:42
I have two pieces of advice for you.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืชื™ ืขืฆื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื.
14:45
The first is regularity.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืกื“ื™ืจื•ืช.
14:47
Go to bed at the same time, wake up at the same time,
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ืœื›ื• ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉื ื”, ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื”,
14:51
no matter whether it's the weekday or the weekend.
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ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืจื’ื™ืœ ืื• ื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืข.
14:54
Regularity is king,
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ื”ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ืžืœื›ื”,
14:57
and it will anchor your sleep
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืชื‘ืกืก ืืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœื›ื
14:59
and improve the quantity and the quality of that sleep.
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ื•ืชืฉืคืจ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
15:04
The second is keep it cool.
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ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ืงื•ืจ ืจื•ื—.
15:08
Your body needs to drop its core temperature
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ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืฉืœื›ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจื” ืฉืœื•
15:10
by about two to three degrees Fahrenheit to initiate sleep
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ื‘ื›ืฉืชื™ื™ื ืขื“ ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืคืจื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ
15:14
and then to stay asleep,
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ื•ืื– ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื™ืฉื•ืŸ.
15:16
and it's the reason you will always find it easier
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ื–ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืงืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ
15:19
to fall asleep in a room that's too cold
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ืœื”ื™ืจื“ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ืงืจ ืžื“ื™
15:21
than too hot.
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ืžืืฉืจ ื—ื ืžื“ื™.
15:24
So aim for a bedroom temperature of around 65 degrees,
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ืื– ื”ืฉืชื“ืœื• ืฉื˜ืžืคืจื˜ื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื“ืจ ืฉืœื›ื ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื•ืช 65 ืžืขืœื•ืช,
15:27
or about 18 degrees Celsius.
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ืื• 18 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฆืœื–ื™ื•ืก.
15:29
That's going to be optimal for the sleep of most people.
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ื–ื” ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ ืœืฉื™ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
15:34
And then finally, in taking a step back, then,
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ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ืื ื ื™ืงื— ืฆืขื“ ืื—ื•ืจื”,
15:37
what is the mission-critical statement here?
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ืžื”ื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจืช ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื”ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ื›ืืŸ?
15:42
Well, I think it may be this:
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื–ื•:
15:45
sleep, unfortunately, is not an optional lifestyle luxury.
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ืฉื™ื ื”, ืœืจื•ืข ื”ืžื–ืœ, ืื™ื ื” ืžื•ืฆืจ ื—ื™ื™ ืžื•ืชืจื•ืช ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™.
15:51
Sleep is a nonnegotiable biological necessity.
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ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืžืฉื ื•ืžืชืŸ.
15:56
It is your life-support system,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”ื”ื—ื™ื™ืื”,
16:00
and it is Mother Nature's best effort yet at immortality.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื“ ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื˜ื‘ืข ืœื”ืฉื’ืช ื—ื™ื™ ื ืฆื—.
16:06
And the decimation of sleep throughout industrialized nations
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ื”ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืขืฉื•ืช
16:11
is having a catastrophic impact on our health, our wellness,
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ื”ื™ื ื‘ืขืœืช ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
16:16
even the safety and the education of our children.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•.
16:20
It's a silent sleep loss epidemic,
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ื–ื•ื”ื™ ืžื’ื™ืคืช ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืงื˜ื”,
16:23
and it's fast becoming one of the greatest public health challenges
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ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื•ืคื›ืช ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ืœืื—ื“ ืžื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
16:26
that we face in the 21st century.
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ืืชื ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืื” ื”-21.
16:32
I believe it is now time for us to reclaim our right
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ืื ื™ ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืฉืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ื•ืจื ื• ืœืชื‘ื•ืข ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื–ื›ื•ืชื ื•
16:37
to a full night of sleep,
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ืœืœื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื”,
16:40
and without embarrassment
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ืœืœื ื‘ื•ืฉื”
16:42
or that unfortunate stigma of laziness.
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ืื• ื”ืกื˜ื™ื’ืžื” ื”ืื•ืžืœืœื” ืฉืœ ืขืฆืœื•ืช.
16:46
And in doing so, we can be reunited with the most powerful elixir of life,
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ื‘ื›ืš, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืื—ื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืขื ืฉื™ืงื•ื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืขื•ืฆืžืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
16:54
the Swiss Army knife of health, as it were.
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ื”ืื•ืœืจ ื”ืฉื‘ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื›ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœ.
16:58
And with that soapbox rant over,
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืฉื”ื ืื•ื ื”ื—ื•ืฆื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืกืชื™ื™ื,
17:01
I will simply say, good night, good luck,
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ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืื•ืžืจ, ืœื™ืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘, ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”,
17:03
and above all ...
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ื•ืžืขืœ ืœื›ืœ...
17:06
I do hope you sleep well.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืฉื ื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘.
17:08
Thank you very much indeed.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืืžืช.
17:10
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
17:14
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
17:15
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
17:18
Thank you so much.
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ืžืžืฉ ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” .
17:20
David Biello: No, no, no. Stay there for a second.
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ื“ื™ื•ื•ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื™ืœื•: ืœื, ืœื, ืœื. ืชื™ืฉืืจ ืฉื ืฉื ื™ื”.
17:22
Good job not running away, though. I appreciate that.
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ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœื ืจืฆืช, ื‘ื›ืœ ื–ืืช. ืื ื™ ืžืขืจื™ืš ืืช ื–ื”.
17:25
So that was terrifying.
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ืื– ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“.
17:26
Matt Walker: You're welcome. DB: Yes, thank you, thank you.
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ืžืื˜ ื•ื•ืงืจ: ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”. ื“"ื‘: ื›ืŸ, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
17:30
Since we can't catch up on sleep, what are we supposed to do?
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ืžืื—ืจ ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื’ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื”, ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
17:35
What do we do when we're, like, tossing and turning in bed late at night
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ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื•, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื, ืžืชื”ืคื›ื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื” ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืœื™ืœื”
17:39
or doing shift work or whatever else?
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ืื• ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืžืจื•ืช ืื• ืžื” ืฉืœื ื™ื”ื™ื”?
17:42
MW: So you're right, we can't catch up on sleep.
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ืž"ื•: ืื– ืืชื” ืฆื•ื“ืง, ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื’ื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื”.
17:44
Sleep is not like the bank.
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ืฉื™ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ืง.
17:45
You can't accumulate a debt
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ืืชื” ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ื‘
17:47
and then hope to pay it off at a later point in time.
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ื•ืื– ืœืงื•ื•ืช ืฉืชืฉืœื ืื•ืชื• ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
17:50
I should also note the reason that it's so catastrophic
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ืื ื™ ื’ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืงื˜ืกื˜ืจื•ืคืœื™
17:53
and that our health deteriorates so quickly,
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ื•ืฉื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ืจ.
17:56
first, it's because human beings are the only species
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ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื–ื” ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ื”ื ื”ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“
17:59
that deliberately deprive themselves of sleep
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ืฉืžื•ื ืข ืžืขืฆืžื ืฉื™ื ื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ
18:02
for no apparent reason.
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ืœืœื ืฉื•ื ืกื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”.
18:04
DB: Because we're smart.
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ื“"ื‘: ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ื›ืžื™ื.
18:05
MW: And I make that point because it means that Mother Nature,
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ืž"ื•: ื•ืื ื™ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืฉื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื”ื˜ื‘ืข,
18:10
throughout the course of evolution,
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ืœืื•ืจืš ื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืื‘ื•ืœื•ืฆื™ื•ื ื™,
18:12
has never had to face the challenge of this thing called sleep deprivation.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉื™ื ื”.
18:17
So she's never developed a safety net,
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืคื™ืชื— ืจืฉืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ,
18:20
and that's why when you undersleep,
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืœื ื™ืฉื ื™ื ืžืกืคื™ืง,
18:22
things just sort of implode so quickly, both within the brain and the body.
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžืชื“ืจื“ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ืจ, ื”ืŸ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ.
18:27
So you just have to prioritize.
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ืื– ืืชื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชืขื“ืฃ.
18:30
DB: OK, but tossing and turning in bed,
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ื“"ื‘: ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื”ืชื”ืคื›ื•ืช ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”,
18:33
what do I do?
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ืžื” ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
18:34
MW: So if you are staying in bed awake for too long,
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ืž"ื•: ืื– ืื ืืชื” ืขืจ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™ ื–ืžืŸ,
18:39
you should get out of bed and go to a different room
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ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื•ื ืžื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ืœืœื›ืช ืœื—ื“ืจ ืื—ืจ
18:42
and do something different.
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ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื•ื ื”.
18:44
The reason is because your brain will very quickly associate your bedroom
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ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš ื”ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœืš ืžื”ืจ ืžืื•ื“ ื™ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื™ื ื” ืฉืœืš
18:48
with the place of wakefulness,
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ื•ื”ืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ืขื™ืจื ื•ืช,
18:50
and you need to break that association.
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ื•ืืชื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื‘ื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ื–ื”.
18:53
So only return to bed when you are sleepy,
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ืื– ืชื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ื˜ื” ืจืง ื›ืฉืืชื” ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ืฉื ื•ื ื™
18:56
and that way you will relearn the association that you once had,
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ื•ื›ื›ื” ืืชื” ืชืœืžื“ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื”ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืฉืคืขื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš,
18:59
which is your bed is the place of sleep.
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ืฉื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืžื™ื˜ื” ืฉืœืš ื”ื™ื ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉื™ื ื”.
19:02
So the analogy would be,
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ืื– ื”ืื ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืชื”ื™ื”,
19:04
you'd never sit at the dinner table, waiting to get hungry,
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ืืชื” ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืฉื‘ ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ื•ืชื—ื›ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ืจืขื‘,
19:07
so why would you lie in bed, waiting to get sleepy?
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ืื– ืœืžื” ืฉืชืฉื›ื‘ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื” ื•ืชื—ื›ื” ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื™ืฉื ื•ื ื™ื•ืช?
19:11
DB: Well, thank you for that wake-up call.
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ื“"ื‘: ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื™ื—ืช ื”ื”ืฉื›ืžื”.
19:13
Great job, Matt.
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ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžืฆื•ื™ื™ื ืช, ืžืื˜.
19:14
MW: You're very welcome. Thank you very much.
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ืž"ื•: ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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