How to build your creative confidence | David Kelley

2,329,809 views ใƒป 2012-05-16

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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ืžืชืจื’ื: Ido Dekkers ืžื‘ืงืจ: Alfonso Fernandez
ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืืชื›ื ื”ื™ื•ื
00:16
I wanted to talk to you today about creative confidence.
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ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™.
00:20
I'm going to start way back in the third grade
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ืื ื™ ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืจื—ืง ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ื’ื™ืžืœ
00:23
at Oakdale School in Barberton, Ohio.
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ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืื•ืงื“ื™ื™ืœ ื‘ื‘ืจื‘ืจื˜ื•ืŸ, ืื•ื”ื™ื•.
ืื ื™ ื–ื•ื›ืจ ืฉื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืืŸ ืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜.
00:27
I remember one day my best friend Brian was working on a project.
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ื”ื•ื ืคื™ืกืœ ืกื•ืก ืžื”ื—ื™ืžืจ
00:31
He was making a horse out of the clay our teacher kept under the sink.
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ืฉื”ืžื•ืจื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฉืžืจื” ืžืชื—ืช ืœื›ื™ื•ืจ.
ื•ื‘ืจื’ืข ืžืกื•ื™ื™ื, ืื—ืช ื”ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉื‘ื” ืœื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ืœื—ืŸ ืฉืœื•,
00:37
And at one point, one of the girls that was sitting at his table,
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ื•ืจืืชื” ืžื” ื”ื•ื ืขื•ืฉื”,
00:40
seeing what he was doing, leaned over and said to him,
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ื”ืชื›ื•ืคืคื” ื•ืืžืจื” ืœื•,
"ื–ื” ื ื•ืจืื™. ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืœื ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ืกื•ืก."
00:44
"That's terrible. That doesn't look anything like a horse."
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ื•ื”ื›ืชืคื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืงืขื•.
00:49
And Brian's shoulders sank.
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00:50
And he wadded up the clay horse and he threw it back in the bin.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืขืš ืืช ืกื•ืก ื”ื—ื™ืžืจ ื•ื–ืจืง ืื•ืชื• ื—ื–ืจื” ืœื“ืœื™.
ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืฉื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื•ื‘.
00:55
I never saw Brian do a project like that ever again.
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00:59
And I wonder how often that happens, you know?
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ื•ืื ื™ ืชื•ื”ื” ื›ืžื” ืคืขืžื™ื ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”.
ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืžืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ื‘ืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืœื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืœื™,
01:03
It seems like when I tell that story of Brian to my class,
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ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ืืœื™ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ
01:08
a lot of them want to come up after class
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01:10
and tell me about their similar experience,
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ื•ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืขืœ ื”ืžืงืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœื”ื,
ืื™ืš ืžื•ืจื” ื“ื™ื›ื ืื•ืชื
01:12
how a teacher shut them down,
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ืื• ืื™ืš ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื™ื” ืื›ื–ืจื™ ืืœื™ื”ื ื‘ืžื™ื—ื“.
01:14
or how a student was particularly cruel to them.
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ื•ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืžื•ื•ืชืจื™ื ืขืœ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื
01:16
And then some kind of opt out of thinking of themselves as creative
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ื›ืงืจื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื ืงื•ื“ื”.
01:20
at that point.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื”ื•ื™ืชื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืงื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืช,
01:22
And I see that opting out that happens in childhood,
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ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื ืก ืคื ื™ืžื” ื•ื ืขืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื•ืฉืจืฉ,
01:26
and it moves in and becomes more ingrained, even,
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื‘ื’ืจื•ืช.
01:29
by the time you get to adult life.
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ืื– ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžื–ื”.
01:33
So we see a lot of this.
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ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืกื“ื ื”
01:37
When we have a workshop
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01:38
or when we have clients in to work with us side by side,
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ืื• ื›ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืœืฆื™ื“ื ื•,
ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืฉืœื‘ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš
01:41
eventually we get to the point in the process
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ืฉืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉ ื•ืœื ืงื•ื ื‘ื ืฆื™ื•ื ืœื™.
01:44
that's kind of fuzzy or unconventional.
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ื•ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืžื ื”ืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ืžื•ืฆื™ืื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ืœืงื‘ืจื™ ืฉืœื”ื
01:47
And eventually, these big-shot executives whip out their BlackBerrys
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ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืฉื™ื—ืช ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”,
01:51
and they say they have to make really important phone calls,
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ื•ื”ื ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช.
01:54
and they head for the exits.
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ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœื ื ื•ื— ืœื”ื.
01:56
And they're just so uncomfortable.
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01:58
When we track them down and ask them what's going on,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืงื‘ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื”ื ื•ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื ืžื” ืงื•ืจื”,
ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื•, "ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ืงืจื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™."
02:01
they say something like, "I'm just not the creative type."
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02:04
But we know that's not true.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื–ื” ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
02:06
If they stick with the process, if they stick with it,
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ืื ื”ื ื™ื“ื‘ืงื• ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ืื ื”ื ื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืขื ื–ื”,
02:09
they end up doing amazing things.
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ื™ืฆื ืฉื”ื ื™ืขืฉื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืžื“ื”ื™ืžื™ื
02:11
And they surprise themselves at just how innovative
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ื•ื”ื ืžืคืชื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื‘ื›ืžื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื”ื
02:14
they and their teams really are.
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ื•ื”ืฆื•ื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ืืžืช.
ืื– ื‘ื“ืงืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืžื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
02:18
So I've been looking at this fear of judgment that we have,
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02:22
that you don't do things, you're afraid you're going to be judged;
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ืฉืืชื ืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื, ืืชื ืžืคื—ื“ื™ื ืžื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
02:26
if you don't say the right creative thing, you're going to be judged.
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ืื ืœื ืชื’ื™ื“ื• ืืช ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืจื™ืื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช.
ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืคืจื™ืฆืช ื“ืจืš
02:31
And I had a major breakthrough,
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ื›ืฉืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื”.
02:33
when I met the psychologist Albert Bandura.
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืื ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืืœื‘ืจื˜ ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื”.
02:37
I don't know if you know Albert Bandura, but if you go to Wikipedia,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืชื‘ื“ืงื• ื‘ื•ื•ื™ืงื™ืคื“ื™ื”,
02:40
it says that he's the fourth most important psychologist in history --
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ื ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ื”ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” --
ื›ืžื• ืคืจื•ื™ื™ื“, ืกืงื™ื ืจ, ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ื•ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื”.
02:44
you know, like Freud, Skinner, somebody and Bandura.
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02:48
(Laughter)
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ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ื‘ืŸ 86 ื•ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืขื•ื‘ื“ ื‘ืกื˜ื ืคื•ืจื“.
02:49
Bandura is 86 and he still works at Stanford.
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02:52
And he's just a lovely guy.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื‘ืŸ ืื“ื ื ืคืœื.
ืื– ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืคื’ื•ืฉ ืื•ืชื•
02:56
So I went to see him,
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02:57
because he's just worked on phobias for a long time,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืขื‘ื“ ืขืœ ืคื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘,
03:01
which I'm very interested in.
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ืฉืื ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ืžืชืขื ื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืŸ.
03:02
He had developed this way,
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ื”ื•ื ืคื™ืชื— ื‘ื“ืจืš ื”ื–ื•, ืืช ื”ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
03:06
this, kind of, methodology,
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03:09
that ended up curing people in a very short amount of time,
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ืฉื”ืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืจืคื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ ืžืื•ื“.
03:12
like, in four hours.
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ืชื•ืš ืืจื‘ืข ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืงืฆื‘ ืจื™ืคื•ื™ ืขืฆื•ื ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื ืคื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช.
03:13
He had a huge cure rate of people who had phobias.
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03:17
And we talked about snakes -- I don't know why --
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ื•ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื ื—ืฉื™ื.
ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœ ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื•ืคื—ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืคื•ื‘ื™ื”.
03:20
we talked about snakes and fear of snakes as a phobia.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ืžื”ื ื”, ืžืžืฉ ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
03:25
And it was really enjoyable, really interesting.
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ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื–ืžื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื”,
03:28
He told me that he'd invite the test subject in,
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03:33
and he'd say, "You know, there's a snake in the next room
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ื•ื™ื’ื™ื“, "ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ื™ืฉ ื ื—ืฉ ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื."
03:36
and we're going to go in there."
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ืœื–ื”, ื”ื•ื ืืžืจ, ืจื•ื‘ื ืขื ื•,
03:39
To which, he reported, most of them replied,
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03:41
"Hell no! I'm not going in there, certainly if there's a snake in there."
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"ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืœื, ืื ื™ ืœื ื ื›ื ืก ืœืฉื,
ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืœื ืื ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื ื—ืฉ."
ืื‘ืœ ืœื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœ ืฉืœื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ืฉืœื‘ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืžืฆืœื™ื—.
03:46
But Bandura has a step-by-step process that was super successful.
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03:50
So he'd take people to this two-way mirror
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ืื– ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืœื•ืงื— ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืจืื” ื”ื“ื• ืฆื“ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœื•
03:53
looking into the room where the snake was.
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ืœื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื“ืจ ื‘ื• ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื ืžืฆื,
ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื— ืขื ื–ื”.
03:56
And he'd get them comfortable with that.
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03:58
Then through a series of steps,
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ื•ืื– ื“ืจืš ืฉื•ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื,
ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื–ื™ื– ืื•ืชื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืœืช ืขื ื”ื“ืœืช ืคืชื•ื—ื”
04:00
he'd move them and they'd be standing in the doorway with the door open,
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04:03
and they'd be looking in there.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืžื‘ื™ื˜ื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื”.
04:05
And he'd get them comfortable with that.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ื•ืจื ืœื”ื ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื ื•ื— ืขื ื–ื”.
ื•ืื– ืขื•ื“ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžืื•ื—ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฆืขื“ื™ ืชื™ื ื•ืง,
04:07
And then many more steps later, baby steps,
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ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื—ื“ืจ, ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื›ืคืคืช ืขื•ืจ ื›ืžื• ื›ืคืคืช ืจืชื›ื™ื,
04:10
they'd be in the room, they'd have a leather glove like a welder's glove on,
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ื• ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ื‘ื ื—ืฉ.
04:14
and they'd eventually touch the snake.
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื’ืขื• ื‘ื ื—ืฉ,
04:17
And when they touched the snake, everything was fine. They were cured.
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04:22
In fact, everything was better than fine.
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ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื™ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžื‘ืกื“ืจ.
04:24
These people who had lifelong fears of snakes
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ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื›ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื”ื ืคื—ื“ ืžื ื—ืฉื™ื
ืืžืจื• ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืžื•,
04:28
were saying things like,
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"ืชืจืื• ื›ืžื” ื”ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืคื”."
04:30
"Look how beautiful that snake is."
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04:32
And they were holding it in their laps.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื™ื.
ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ืงื•ืจื ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื–ื” "ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื ื—ื™ืช."
04:36
Bandura calls this process "guided mastery."
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04:40
I love that term: guided mastery.
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื”ื–ื”: ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืžื•ื ื—ื™ืช.
ื•ืžืฉื”ื• ื ื•ืกืฃ ืงืจื”,
04:44
And something else happened.
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04:46
These people who went through the process and touched the snake
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ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ื ื’ืขื• ื‘ื ื—ืฉ
ื”ื™ืชื” ืคื—ื•ืช ื—ืจื“ื” ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ื.
04:50
ended up having less anxiety about other things in their lives.
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ื”ื ื ื™ืกื• ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื”ื ืฉืžืจื• ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:54
They tried harder, they persevered longer,
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04:57
and they were more resilient in the face of failure.
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ื•ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชื•ืฉื™ื” ืžื•ืœ ื›ื™ืฉืœื•ืŸ.
ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ.
05:01
They just gained a new confidence.
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ื•ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ืงืจื ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช --
05:05
And Bandura calls that confidence "self-efficacy,"
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05:09
the sense that you can change the world
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ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
ื•ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’.
05:12
and that you can attain what you set out to do.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ ื”ืคื’ื™ืฉื” ืขื ื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื˜ืจื–ื™ืช ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™
05:16
Well, meeting Bandura was really cathartic for me,
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05:19
because I realized that this famous scientist
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉื”ืžื“ืขืŸ ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกื ื”ื–ื”
ืชื™ืขื“ ื•ืื™ืฉืจ ืžื“ืขื™ืช
05:23
had documented and scientifically validated
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ืงื•ืจื” ื‘30 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
05:26
something that we've seen happen for the last 30 years:
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05:29
that we could take people who had the fear that they weren't creative,
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ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ืคื—ื“ ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื,
05:33
and we could take them through a series of steps,
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ื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืื•ืชื ื“ืจืš ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ืฆืขื“ื™ื,
05:36
kind of like a series of small successes,
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ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื—ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช,
05:39
and they turn fear into familiarity.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ืคื›ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“ ืœื”ื›ืจื”, ื•ื”ื ืžืคืชื™ืขื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื.
05:43
And they surprise themselves.
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ื”ืžื”ืคืš ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
05:45
That transformation is amazing.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ืœืขื™ืฆื•ื‘.
05:47
We see it at the d.school all the time.
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05:49
People from all different kinds of disciplines,
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืžื™ื ื™ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื,
ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ืจืง ื›ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื.
05:52
they think of themselves as only analytical.
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05:54
And they come in and they go through the process, our process,
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ื•ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื ื•ื”ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš, ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืฉืœื ื•,
05:58
they build confidence and now they think of themselves differently.
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ื”ื ื‘ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื”ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื”.
06:01
And they're totally emotionally excited about the fact that they walk around
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ื•ื”ื ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืžืชืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืจื’ืฉื™ืช
ืžื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื”ื ืžืกืชื•ื‘ื‘ื™ื
06:06
thinking of themselves as a creative person.
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ื•ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื›ืื“ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™.
ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืขืœ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“ ืฉืื ื™ ืืขืฉื” ื”ื™ื•ื
06:10
So I thought one of the things I'd do today
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06:12
is take you through and show you what this journey looks like.
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ื•ื–ื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืชื›ื ื“ืจืš ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื•ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื›ื ืื™ืš ื”ืžืกืข ื”ื–ื” ื ืจืื”.
ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื”ืžืกืข ื”ื–ื” ื ืจืื” ื›ืžื• ื“ืื’ ื“ื™ื˜ืก.
06:16
To me, that journey looks like Doug Dietz.
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ื“ืื’ ื“ื™ื˜ืก ื”ื•ื ืื“ื ื˜ื›ื ื™.
06:23
Doug Dietz is a technical person.
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ื”ื•ื ืžืชื›ื ืŸ ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื“ื™ืžื•ืช ืจืคื•ืื™,
06:25
He designs large medical imaging equipment.
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ืฆื™ื•ื“ ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ืจืคื•ืื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
ื”ื•ื ืขื‘ื“ ื‘ื’'ื ืจืœ ืืœืงื˜ืจื™ืง, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื• ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ื ืคืœืื”.
06:29
He's worked for GE, and he's had a fantastic career.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช ื”ื™ื” ืœื• ืจื’ืข ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ.
06:33
But at one point, he had a moment of crisis.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ ื‘ืื—ืช ืžืžื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”MRI ืฉืœื• ื‘ืคืขื•ืœื”
06:36
He was in the hospital looking at one of his MRI machines in use,
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ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจืื” ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฆืขื™ืจื”.
06:40
when he saw a young family, and this little girl.
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ื”ื™ืชื” ื™ืœื“ื” ืงื˜ื ื”,
ื•ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื‘ื›ืชื” ื•ื”ื™ืชื” ืžื‘ื•ืขืชืช.
06:44
And that little girl was crying and was terrified.
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ื•ื“ืื’ ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื•ื›ื–ื‘ ืœื“ืขืช
06:47
And Doug was really disappointed to learn
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ืฉื›ืžืขื˜ 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ื–ื”
06:50
that nearly 80 percent of the pediatric patients in this hospital
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06:54
had to be sedated in order to deal with his MRI machine.
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ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”MRI ืฉืœื•.
ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืžืื›ื–ื‘ ืœื“ืื’,
07:00
And this was really disappointing to Doug,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจื’ืข ื”ื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื’ืื” ื‘ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืฉื”.
07:02
because before this time, he was proud of what he did.
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07:05
He was saving lives with this machine.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื™ืœ ื—ื™ื™ื ืขื ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ื–ื•.
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ืคื’ืข ื‘ื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคื—ื“
07:07
But it really hurt him to see the fear that this machine caused in kids.
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ืฉื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื’ืจืžื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื.
07:12
About that time, he was at the d.school at Stanford taking classes.
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ื‘ืขืจืš ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืงื— ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ d.school ื‘ืกื˜ื ืคื•ืจื“.
ื”ื•ื ืœืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš
07:17
He was learning about our process, about design thinking, about empathy,
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ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ืช, ืขืœ ื—ืžืœื”,
ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืก ื—ื•ื–ืจื™ื.
07:21
about iterative prototyping.
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07:23
And he would take this new knowledge and do something quite extraordinary.
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ืงื— ืืช ื”ื™ื“ืข ื”ื—ื“ืฉ ื”ื–ื”
ื•ื™ืขืฉื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื™ ืžื“ื”ื™ื.
ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืฆื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื“ื™ืžื•ืช.
07:28
He would redesign the entire experience
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07:32
of being scanned.
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07:33
And this is what he came up with.
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ื•ืœื–ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ื’ื™ืข.
07:35
(Laughter)
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืคืš ืืช ื–ื” ืœื”ืจืคืชืงืื” ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื.
07:36
He turned it into an adventure for the kids.
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ื”ื•ื ืฆื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืงื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆื‘ืข ืืช ื”ืžื›ื•ื ื”,
07:39
He painted the walls and he painted the machine,
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ื•ื”ื•ื ื“ืื’ ืฉื”ืžืคืขื™ืœื™ื ื™ืื•ืžื ื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
07:41
and he got the operators retrained by people who know kids,
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ื›ืžื• ืื ืฉื™ ืžื•ื–ืื•ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
07:44
like children's museum people.
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ื•ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ ืžื’ื™ืข, ื–ื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื”.
07:46
And now when the kid comes, it's an experience.
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07:50
And they talk to them about the noise and the movement of the ship.
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ื•ื”ื ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื™ืชื ืขืœ ื”ืจืขืฉ ื•ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื”.
ื•ืื– ื”ื ื‘ืื™ื, ื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื,
07:54
And when they come, they say,
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07:55
"OK, you're going to go into the pirate ship,
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"ืื•ืงื™ื™, ืืชื ืขื•ืžื“ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืกืคื™ื ืช ื”ืคื™ืจืื˜ื™ื,
07:57
but be very still, because we don't want the pirates to find you."
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ืื‘ืœ ืชื™ืฉืืจื• ืžืžืฉ ืœืœื ืชื–ื•ื–ื” ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ืคื™ืจื˜ื™ื ื™ืžืฆืื• ืืชื›ื."
ื•ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ืกื•ืคืจ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ื•ืช.
08:02
And the results were super dramatic:
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ืื– ืžืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• 80 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ื™ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ,
08:06
from something like 80 percent of the kids needing to be sedated,
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08:09
to something like 10 percent of the kids needing to be sedated.
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ืœืžืฉื”ื• ื›ืžื• 10 ืื—ื•ื– ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื˜ื™ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ.
08:13
And the hospital and GE were happy, too,
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ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื•GE ื”ื™ื• ืฉืžื—ื™ื ื’ื.
08:15
because you didn't have to call the anesthesiologist all the time,
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ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืงืจื•ื ืœืจื•ืคื ื”ืžืจื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ,
08:18
and they could put more kids through the machine in a day.
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ื”ื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื.
ืื– ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ื›ืžื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื• ื ืคืœืื•ืช.
08:21
So the quantitative results were great.
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08:23
But Doug's results that he cared about were much more qualitative.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ืื’ ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
08:27
He was with one of the mothers
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืขื ืื—ืช ื”ืื™ืžื”ื•ืช
08:29
waiting for her child to come out of the scan.
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ืฉื—ื™ื›ืชื” ืœื™ืœื“ื” ืฉืœื” ืฉืชืฆื ืžื”ืกืจื™ืงื”.
08:31
And when the little girl came out of her scan,
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ื•ื›ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื” ื™ืฆืื” ืžื”ืกืจื™ืงื”,
08:34
she ran up to her mother and said,
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ื”ื™ื ืจืฆื” ืœืืžื ืฉืœื” ื•ืืžืจื”,
08:36
"Mommy, can we come back tomorrow?"
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"ืืžื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืžื—ืจ?"
08:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื•ื›ืš ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืืช ื“ืื’ ืžืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช,
08:41
And so, I've heard Doug tell the story many times
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08:44
of his personal transformation
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ืขืœ ื”ืžื”ืคืš ื”ืื™ืฉื™ ืฉืœื•
ื•ื”ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืคื•ืจืฅ ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ืฆื ืžื–ื”,
08:47
and the breakthrough design that happened from it,
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08:50
but I've never really seen him tell the story of the little girl
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ืื‘ืœ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืื•ืชื• ืžืกืคืจ ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื” ื”ืงื˜ื ื”
ื‘ืœื™ ื“ืžืขื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื•.
08:53
without a tear in his eye.
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08:55
Doug's story takes place in a hospital.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื“ืื’ ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ืžืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื“ื‘ืจ ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืชื™ ื—ื•ืœื™ื.
08:58
I know a thing or two about hospitals.
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ืœืคื ื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื’ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ื•ืืจ ืฉืœื™,
09:01
A few years ago, I felt a lump on the side of my neck.
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ื•ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ืช ื”MRI.
09:06
It was my turn in the MRI machine.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกืจื˜ืŸ, ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืกื•ื’ ื”ืจืข.
09:09
It was cancer, it was the bad kind.
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ื ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉืœ 40 ืื—ื•ื– ืœื—ื™ื•ืช.
09:12
I was told I had a 40 percent chance of survival.
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ืื– ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขื ื”ื—ื•ืœื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื ื‘ืคื™ื’'ืžื•ืช
09:16
So while you're sitting around with the other patients,
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09:19
in your pajamas,
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื•ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืจื–ื™ื
09:20
and everybody's pale and thin --
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ื•ืืชื ืžื—ื›ื™ื ืœืชื•ืจื›ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืงืจื™ื ืช ื’ืžื,
09:22
(Laughter)
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09:23
you know? -- and you're waiting for your turn to get the gamma rays,
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ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
09:26
you think of a lot of things.
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ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ, "ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืืฉืจื•ื“?"
09:28
Mostly, you think about: Am I going to survive?
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ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ
09:31
And I thought a lot about:
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09:32
What was my daughter's life going to be like without me?
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ืื™ืš ื—ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื™ืจืื• ื‘ืœืขื“ื™?
ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
09:37
But you think about other things.
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ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืขืœ, ืœืžื” ืฉืžื• ืื•ืชื™ ืขืœ ื›ื“ื•ืจ ื”ืืจืฅ?
09:40
I thought a lot about: What was I put on Earth to do?
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09:43
What was my calling? What should I do?
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ืžื” ื”ืงืจื™ืื” ืฉืœื™? ืžื” ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช?
ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืจ ืžื–ืœ ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช.
09:46
I was lucky because I had lots of options.
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09:48
We'd been working in health and wellness,
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ืขื‘ื“ื ื• ื‘ืจืคื•ืื” ื•ืจื™ืคื•ื™,
09:50
and K-12, and the developing world.
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ื•ื’ืŸ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขื“ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ, ื•ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžืคื•ืชื—.
09:52
so there were lots of projects that I could work on.
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ืื– ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืจื•ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœื™ื”ื.
ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ื–ื•
09:55
But then I decided and committed at this point,
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ --
09:58
to the thing I most wanted to do,
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ืžื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœ
10:01
which was to help as many people as possible
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ ืฉื”ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื• ื‘ื“ืจืš.
10:05
regain the creative confidence they lost along their way.
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ื•ืื ืขืžื“ืชื™ ืœืฉืจื•ื“, ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื•ืฉื”.
10:09
And if I was going to survive, that's what I wanted to do.
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ืฉืจื“ืชื™, ืจืง ืฉืชื“ืขื•.
10:11
I survived, just so you know.
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10:13
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:15
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ืžืืžื™ืŸ
10:22
I really believe that when people gain this confidence --
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ืฉื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื” --
ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ d.school ื•ื‘ IDEO --
10:26
and we see it all the time at the d.school and at IDEO --
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ื”ื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื.
10:29
that they actually start working on the things
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10:32
that are really important in their lives.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขื•ื–ื‘ื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื•ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื›ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื.
10:34
We see people quit what they're doing and go in new directions.
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10:37
We see them come up with more interesting -- and just more -- ideas,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืื™ื ืื•ืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื•ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช,
ื›ืš ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ืžืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:44
so they can choose from better ideas.
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ื•ื”ื ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
10:47
And they just make better decisions.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื‘TED ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืžืขื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉื ื” ื—ื™ื™ื.
10:49
I know at TED, you're supposed to have a change-the-world kind of thing,
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ืœื›ื•ืœื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื.
10:53
isn't that -- everybody has a change-the-world thing?
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื™, ื–ื” ื–ื”. ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื–ื” ืœืงืจื•ืช.
10:55
If there is one for me, this is it, to help this happen.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืœืžืกืข ืฉืœื™ --
10:59
So I hope you'll join me on my quest,
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ืืชื ื›ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื”.
11:01
you as, kind of, thought leaders.
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11:03
It would be really great if you didn't let people divide the world
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ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืžืฉ ื ืคืœื ืื ืœื ืชืชื ื• ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื—ืœืง ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื
11:07
into the creatives and the non-creatives, like it's some God-given thing,
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ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื, ื›ืื™ืœื• ื–ื” ืกื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžืชืช ืืœื•ื”ื™ื,
ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื˜ื‘ืขื™.
11:11
and to have people realize that they're naturally creative,
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ื•ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืชืช ืœืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืœืขื•ืฃ.
11:16
and that those natural people should let their ideas fly;
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ืฉื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ืžื” ืฉื‘ื ื“ื•ืจื” ืงื•ืจื ืœื• ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช,
11:20
that they should achieve what Bandura calls self-efficacy,
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ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช,
11:25
that you can do what you set out to do,
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11:28
and that you can reach a place of creative confidence
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ื•ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืžืงื•ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™
ื•ืœื’ืขืช ื‘ื ื—ืฉ.
11:32
and touch the snake.
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11:33
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
11:35
(Applause)
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ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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