How to build your creative confidence | David Kelley

2,315,417 views ใƒป 2012-05-16

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Translator: Timothy Covell Reviewer: Morton Bast
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: K Bang ๊ฒ€ํ† : eunkyung Oh
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
00:16
I wanted to talk to you today about creative confidence.
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์ฐฝ์กฐ์  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
I'm going to start way back in the third grade
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์ €์˜ ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต 3ํ•™๋…„๋•Œ๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:23
at Oakdale School in Barberton, Ohio.
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์˜คํ•˜์ด์˜ค์ฃผ ๋ฐ”๋ฒ„ํ†ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜คํฌ๋ฐ์ผ ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋Š๋‚ ์ธ๊ฐ€ ์ €์˜ ์นœํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ์ธ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์—”๊ฐ€์— ์—ด์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
I remember one day my best friend Brian was working on a project.
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๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๊ป˜์„œ ์‹ฑํฌ๋Œ€ ๋ฐ‘์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜
00:31
He was making a horse out of the clay our teacher kept under the sink.
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์ง„ํ™์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์˜ ํ˜•์ƒ์„ ๋นš๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ 
์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋’ค ๊ทธ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ฑ…์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋˜ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์„œ
00:37
And at one point, one of the girls that was sitting at his table,
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋Š”
00:40
seeing what he was doing, leaned over and said to him,
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์‚๋”ฑํ•œ ์ž์„ธ๋กœ "๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋ƒ. ๋ง ๋งž์•„?"
๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
"That's terrible. That doesn't look anything like a horse."
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์˜ ์–ด๊นจ๊ฐ€ ์ถ• ์ณ์ง€๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜์ฃ 
00:49
And Brian's shoulders sank.
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00:50
And he wadded up the clay horse and he threw it back in the bin.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ ๋Š” ์ง„ํ™์„ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ์ฒ˜๋ฐ•์•„๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธํ›„๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
00:55
I never saw Brian do a project like that ever again.
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00:59
And I wonder how often that happens, you know?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
์ œ ๊ฐ•์˜์ค‘์— ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:03
It seems like when I tell that story of Brian to my class,
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์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์„œ
01:08
a lot of them want to come up after class
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01:10
and tell me about their similar experience,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๊บพ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€,
01:12
how a teacher shut them down,
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋ณ„๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ž๊ธฐํ•œํ…Œ๋งŒ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ตด์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€... ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:14
or how a student was particularly cruel to them.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
01:16
And then some kind of opt out of thinking of themselves as creative
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
at that point.
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์–ด๋ฆด์ ์˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด
01:22
And I see that opting out that happens in childhood,
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๋งˆ์Œ์†์— ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋‚จ์•„์„œ
01:26
and it moves in and becomes more ingrained, even,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ๋ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž์‹ ์€ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
by the time you get to adult life.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฐธ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ ?
01:33
So we see a lot of this.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์ผํ•  ๋•Œ๋‚˜
01:37
When we have a workshop
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01:38
or when we have clients in to work with us side by side,
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๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž๋Œ€๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋ ˆ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ณ 
01:41
eventually we get to the point in the process
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์˜ˆ์™ธ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ฃ .
01:44
that's kind of fuzzy or unconventional.
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์ด๋Ÿด๋•Œ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๋ฌผ๊ธ‰ ๊ฒฝ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ธ”๋ž™๋ฒ ๋ฆฌํฐ์„ ํ™ฉ๊ธ‰ํžˆ ๊บผ๋‚ด๋“ค๊ณ 
01:47
And eventually, these big-shot executives whip out their BlackBerrys
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์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ 
01:51
and they say they have to make really important phone calls,
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์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ–์œผ๋กœ ๋›ฐ์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ํšŒํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
and they head for the exits.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
And they're just so uncomfortable.
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01:58
When we track them down and ask them what's going on,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด,
์ข…์ข… ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์ด ๋Œ์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ €๋Š” ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:01
they say something like, "I'm just not the creative type."
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02:04
But we know that's not true.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:06
If they stick with the process, if they stick with it,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ๋Š˜์–ด์ง€๋“ฏ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
02:09
they end up doing amazing things.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋†“๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
And they surprise themselves at just how innovative
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ–ˆ๋˜ ํŒ€์› ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
02:14
they and their teams really are.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋†€๋ผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹  ์†์— ์žˆ๋Š”, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŒ๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์ง€์ผœ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
So I've been looking at this fear of judgment that we have,
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02:22
that you don't do things, you're afraid you're going to be judged;
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์•ˆํ•œ๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋“ค์„๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:26
if you don't say the right creative thing, you're going to be judged.
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์ •๋ง ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋‚ด๋†“์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚จ๋“ค์ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ.
์ €๋Š” ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž์ธ ์•Œ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„๋•Œ
02:31
And I had a major breakthrough,
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๋ŒํŒŒ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
when I met the psychologist Albert Bandura.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•Œ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ ์”จ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
02:37
I don't know if you know Albert Bandura, but if you go to Wikipedia,
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์œ„ํ‚คํ”ผ๋””์•„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
02:40
it says that he's the fourth most important psychologist in history --
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์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๋„ค๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€์š”.
ํ”„๋กœ์ด๋“œ, ์Šคํ‚ค๋„ˆ, ๋˜ ํ•œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ.. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋„ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ผฝ์•„์š”.
02:44
you know, like Freud, Skinner, somebody and Bandura.
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02:48
(Laughter)
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๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ๋Š” 86์„ธ์—๋„ ์•„์ง๋„ ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ์žฌ์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:49
Bandura is 86 and he still works at Stanford.
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02:52
And he's just a lovely guy.
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์ •๋ง ๋งค๋ ฅ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—์š”.
๋งจ๋‘๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋žœ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณ‘์  ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
02:56
So I went to see him,
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02:57
because he's just worked on phobias for a long time,
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
03:01
which I'm very interested in.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ €๋Š” ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ตฌ์š”.
03:02
He had developed this way,
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์€ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์„ ์น˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ 
03:06
this, kind of, methodology,
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03:09
that ended up curing people in a very short amount of time,
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์•„์ฃผ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์•ˆ์— ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์น˜์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
03:12
like, in four hours.
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๋‹จ 4์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋งŒ์—, ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ฃผ ๋†€์€ ์น˜์œ ์œจ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:13
He had a huge cure rate of people who had phobias.
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03:17
And we talked about snakes -- I don't know why --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฑ€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
๋ฑ€๊ณผ, ๋ฑ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณตํฌ์ฆ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:20
we talked about snakes and fear of snakes as a phobia.
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์•„์ฃผ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์–ด์š”.
03:25
And it was really enjoyable, really interesting.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์ด ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ํ”ผ์‹คํ—˜์ž๋ฅผ ๋ชจ์…”๋‹ค ๋†“๊ณ ,
03:28
He told me that he'd invite the test subject in,
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03:33
and he'd say, "You know, there's a snake in the next room
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"์˜† ๋ฐฉ์— ๋ฑ€์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค" ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
03:36
and we're going to go in there."
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ง์”€์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ œ์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:39
To which, he reported, most of them replied,
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03:41
"Hell no! I'm not going in there, certainly if there's a snake in there."
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"์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ๊ฐ€์š”.
๋ฐฉ์— ๋ฑ€์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์•ˆ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•œ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
But Bandura has a step-by-step process that was super successful.
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03:50
So he'd take people to this two-way mirror
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ํˆฌ์‹œ๊ฑฐ์šธ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
03:53
looking into the room where the snake was.
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๋ฑ€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์ด ํ›คํžˆ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํˆฌ์‹œ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ด์š”.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
03:56
And he'd get them comfortable with that.
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03:58
Then through a series of steps,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์ณ
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์›€์ง์—ฌ ๋ฑ€์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ด ์—ด๋ฆฐ ๋ฌธ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
he'd move them and they'd be standing in the doorway with the door open,
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04:03
and they'd be looking in there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋Š”๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:05
And he'd get them comfortable with that.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—๋„ ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ค€๋น„ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
And then many more steps later, baby steps,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฉ์ ‘๊ณต์ด ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‘๊บผ์šด ์žฅ๊ฐ‘์„ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
they'd be in the room, they'd have a leather glove like a welder's glove on,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฑ€์„ ๋งŒ์ ธ๋ณด๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋˜์ฃ .
04:14
and they'd eventually touch the snake.
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๋ฑ€์„ ๋งŒ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
04:17
And when they touched the snake, everything was fine. They were cured.
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04:22
In fact, everything was better than fine.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ์ € ์น˜์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
These people who had lifelong fears of snakes
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ํ‰์ƒ ๋ฑ€์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
were saying things like,
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"๋ฑ€์ด ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ์š”"
04:30
"Look how beautiful that snake is."
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04:32
And they were holding it in their laps.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆŽ์œ„์— ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์„ "ํ†ต์†”์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ธ์†”๋œ ์ˆ™๋‹ฌ๊ณผ์ •" ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Bandura calls this process "guided mastery."
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04:40
I love that term: guided mastery.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์†”๋œ ์ˆ™๋‹ฌ๊ณผ์ •.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋„ ์ƒ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
And something else happened.
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04:46
These people who went through the process and touched the snake
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฑ€์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•จ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์˜ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์ฃ .
04:50
ended up having less anxiety about other things in their lives.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ๋ฒ„ํ…จ๋‚ด๊ณ ,
04:54
They tried harder, they persevered longer,
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04:57
and they were more resilient in the face of failure.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์‹คํŒจ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
They just gained a new confidence.
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๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ž๊ธฐํšจํ—˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
And Bandura calls that confidence "self-efficacy,"
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05:09
the sense that you can change the world
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ
์›๋ž˜ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
and that you can attain what you set out to do.
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๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ ์”จ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์  ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:16
Well, meeting Bandura was really cathartic for me,
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05:19
because I realized that this famous scientist
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์ด ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๊ฐ€
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ 30์—ฌ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
05:23
had documented and scientifically validated
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๋ฌธ์„œํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์ •๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—์š”.
05:26
something that we've seen happen for the last 30 years:
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05:29
that we could take people who had the fear that they weren't creative,
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์ž์‹ ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์ฐฝ์กฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
05:33
and we could take them through a series of steps,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
05:36
kind of like a series of small successes,
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์ผ์ข…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ง›๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
05:39
and they turn fear into familiarity.
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๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ์ธ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:43
And they surprise themselves.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ผ์›Œ์š”.
05:45
That transformation is amazing.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์š”์ฆ˜ ๋””์Šค์ฟจ์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์Šค์ฟจ: ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์‹ ๊ฐœ๋… ๊ณผ์ • ํ•™๊ต, ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋‚ด ๋””์ž์ธ์Šค์ฟจ.
05:47
We see it at the d.school all the time.
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05:49
People from all different kinds of disciplines,
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ
์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋กœ์ง€ ๋ถ„์„์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ž๊ฐ€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
05:52
they think of themselves as only analytical.
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05:54
And they come in and they go through the process, our process,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ํ•™๊ต์— ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
05:58
they build confidence and now they think of themselves differently.
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์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ์Œ“๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:01
And they're totally emotionally excited about the fact that they walk around
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์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ชธ๋‹ด์•„ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ ์•ˆ์—์„œ
์ž์‹ ์„ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
06:06
thinking of themselves as a creative person.
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๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ณ ์–‘๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
06:10
So I thought one of the things I'd do today
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06:12
is take you through and show you what this journey looks like.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
์ œ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋”๊ทธ ๋””์ธ ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
To me, that journey looks like Doug Dietz.
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๋”๊ทธ ๋””์ธ ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž์—์š”.
06:23
Doug Dietz is a technical person.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์˜์ƒ ์žฅ๋น„๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
06:25
He designs large medical imaging equipment.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์žฅ๋น„๋ง์ด์—์š”.
GE(์ œ๋„ค๋ž„์ผ๋ ‰ํŠธ๋ฆญ)์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง€๋‹Œ ๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
He's worked for GE, and he's had a fantastic career.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
But at one point, he had a moment of crisis.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์›์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“  MRI ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:36
He was in the hospital looking at one of his MRI machines in use,
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์–ด๋Š ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:40
when he saw a young family, and this little girl.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ์ž ์•„์ด๊ฐ€
๋ชน์‹œ ๊ฒ์— ์งˆ๋ ค ์šธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
And that little girl was crying and was terrified.
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๋””์ธ ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ณ‘์› ์†Œ์•„๊ณผ ํ™˜์ž์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 80% ์ •๋„๊ฐ€
06:47
And Doug was really disappointed to learn
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MRI๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ง„์ •์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งž์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ 
06:50
that nearly 80 percent of the pediatric patients in this hospital
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06:54
had to be sedated in order to deal with his MRI machine.
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
07:00
And this was really disappointing to Doug,
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ํฐ ๋งŒ์กฑ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์กŒ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ๋”๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์ฃ .
07:02
because before this time, he was proud of what he did.
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07:05
He was saving lives with this machine.
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์ž์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์•„ํ”„๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:07
But it really hurt him to see the fear that this machine caused in kids.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์š”.
07:12
About that time, he was at the d.school at Stanford taking classes.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ๋””์ธ ๋Š” ์Šคํƒ ํฌ๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๋‚ด ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
He was learning about our process, about design thinking, about empathy,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋””์ž์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ, ๊ณต๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
07:21
about iterative prototyping.
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07:23
And he would take this new knowledge and do something quite extraordinary.
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๋””์ธ ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€์‹์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ 
์•„์ฃผ ์ƒ‰๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋””์ธ ๋Š” MRI ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ ๊ณผ์ • ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์ด ๋””์ž์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
He would redesign the entire experience
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07:32
of being scanned.
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07:33
And this is what he came up with.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋””์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋†“์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
07:35
(Laughter)
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋ชจํ—˜๋†€์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
He turned it into an adventure for the kids.
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๊ฒ€์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ฒฝ์— ์ƒ‰์น ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ค ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์ฃ 
07:39
He painted the walls and he painted the machine,
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MRI ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋™์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๋„๋ก ์กฐ์น˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
and he got the operators retrained by people who know kids,
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์•„๋™ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์˜ ์ง์›๋“ค ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:44
like children's museum people.
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด, ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:46
And now when the kid comes, it's an experience.
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07:50
And they talk to them about the noise and the movement of the ship.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” MRI๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ต‰์Œ๊ณผ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฐ์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค์ด ์˜ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:54
And when they come, they say,
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07:55
"OK, you're going to go into the pirate ship,
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"์ข‹์•„, ์ด์ œ ๋„ˆ๋Š” ํ•ด์ ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฑฐ๋ž€๋‹ค.
07:57
but be very still, because we don't want the pirates to find you."
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๋ฐฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ํ•ด์ ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋งŒํžˆ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹จ๋‹ค."
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:02
And the results were super dramatic:
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ์•ฝ 80%๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์ œ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:06
from something like 80 percent of the kids needing to be sedated,
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08:09
to something like 10 percent of the kids needing to be sedated.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ฝ 10% ์ •๋„๋งŒ ํˆฌ์—ฌ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
And the hospital and GE were happy, too,
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๋ณ‘์›๋„ MRI ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฌ์ธ GE๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งŒ์กฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
because you didn't have to call the anesthesiologist all the time,
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๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง„์ •์ œ๋ฅผ ํˆฌ์—ฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ทจ์˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:18
and they could put more kids through the machine in a day.
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ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
์ˆ˜์น˜๋กœ ๋ณธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋Œ€๋‹จํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:21
So the quantitative results were great.
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08:23
But Doug's results that he cared about were much more qualitative.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์ค‘ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:27
He was with one of the mothers
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๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์•„์ด ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
08:29
waiting for her child to come out of the scan.
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์Šค์บ” ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:31
And when the little girl came out of her scan,
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ
08:34
she ran up to her mother and said,
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์—„๋งˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์—์š”.
08:36
"Mommy, can we come back tomorrow?"
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"์—„๋งˆ, ๋‚ด์ผ ๋˜ ์˜ค๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ผ?"
08:38
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
์ €๋Š” ๋”๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒˆ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:41
And so, I've heard Doug tell the story many times
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08:44
of his personal transformation
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๋”๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋””์ž์ธ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:47
and the breakthrough design that happened from it,
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08:50
but I've never really seen him tell the story of the little girl
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
๊ทธ์˜ ๋ˆˆ๊ฐ€์—๋Š” ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
without a tear in his eye.
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08:55
Doug's story takes place in a hospital.
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์ž, ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์›์—์„œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
๋ณ‘์›์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ €๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ ํ”ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:58
I know a thing or two about hospitals.
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๋ช‡ ๋…„์ „์— ์ €์˜ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋ชฉ์— ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋Š๊ผˆ์–ด์š”.
09:01
A few years ago, I felt a lump on the side of my neck.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ์ œ๊ฐ€ MRI๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ฐจ๋ก€์˜€๋˜๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:06
It was my turn in the MRI machine.
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์•”์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
It was cancer, it was the bad kind.
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚  ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ 40%์ •๋„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
I was told I had a 40 percent chance of survival.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ณต์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:16
So while you're sitting around with the other patients,
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09:19
in your pajamas,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊นก๋งˆ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ฐฝ๋ฐฑํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:20
and everybody's pale and thin --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ๋งˆ์„ (๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ์„ ์˜ ์ผ์ข…)์„ ์ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
09:22
(Laughter)
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09:23
you know? -- and you're waiting for your turn to get the gamma rays,
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์ฐธ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:26
you think of a lot of things.
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์•„๋งˆ "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:28
Mostly, you think about: Am I going to survive?
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋”ธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ์–ด๋–จ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
And I thought a lot about:
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09:32
What was my daughter's life going to be like without me?
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๋˜ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ปธ๋˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
09:37
But you think about other things.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€? ์˜€์–ด์š”
09:40
I thought a lot about: What was I put on Earth to do?
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09:43
What was my calling? What should I do?
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๋‚ด ์‚ถ์˜ ์†Œ๋ช…์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜์ง€?
์ €๋Š” ์šด์ด ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
09:46
I was lucky because I had lots of options.
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09:48
We'd been working in health and wellness,
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์ €๋Š” ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ณต์ง€์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
and K-12, and the developing world.
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์œ ์น˜์›๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์กธ์—…ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋“ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
so there were lots of projects that I could work on.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์—”๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์„
09:55
But then I decided and committed at this point,
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ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹คํ–‰์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
to the thing I most wanted to do,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋„์™€์„œ
10:01
which was to help as many people as possible
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
regain the creative confidence they lost along their way.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
10:09
And if I was going to survive, that's what I wanted to do.
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๋ญ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋•Œ๊น”์ข‹๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์ฃ .
10:11
I survived, just so you know.
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10:13
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:15
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ๊ฒƒ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ, ๋˜ ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ ๋””์Šค์ฟจ๊ณผ IDEO์—์„œ๋„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
10:22
I really believe that when people gain this confidence --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ
10:26
and we see it all the time at the d.school and at IDEO --
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์— ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
that they actually start working on the things
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10:32
that are really important in their lives.
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์ข…์ข… ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋˜ ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ถ„์•ผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:34
We see people quit what they're doing and go in new directions.
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10:37
We see them come up with more interesting -- and just more -- ideas,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ , ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ์ค‘ ์ œ์ผ ์ข‹์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
10:44
so they can choose from better ideas.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ์š”.
10:47
And they just make better decisions.
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TED์—์„œ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
I know at TED, you're supposed to have a change-the-world kind of thing,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:53
isn't that -- everybody has a change-the-world thing?
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์ €์˜ "์„ธ์ƒ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ธฐ" ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ์ผ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
If there is one for me, this is it, to help this happen.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ์ €์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์—ฌ์ •์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
So I hope you'll join me on my quest,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๊ณ (ๆ€่€ƒ)์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
11:01
you as, kind of, thought leaders.
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11:03
It would be really great if you didn't let people divide the world
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
11:07
into the creatives and the non-creatives, like it's some God-given thing,
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฐ์ž
์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์กด์žฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
and to have people realize that they're naturally creative,
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๋‹น๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์ถœํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:16
and that those natural people should let their ideas fly;
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๋ฐด๋‘๋ผ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” "์ž๊ธฐ ํšจํ—˜"์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
that they should achieve what Bandura calls self-efficacy,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์›๋ž˜ ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:25
that you can do what you set out to do,
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11:28
and that you can reach a place of creative confidence
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๊ฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝ์˜์  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์—
๋„๋‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ๋ฑ€์„ ๋งŒ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
and touch the snake.
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11:33
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
11:35
(Applause)
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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