Jennifer Pahlka: Coding a better government

Prevoditelj: Senzos Osijek Recezent: Mislav Ante Omazić - EFZG

So a couple of years ago I started a program

Prije nekoliko godina pokrenula sam program

to try to get the rockstar tech and design people

kako bih pridobila vrhunske stručnjake iz područja tehnologije i dizajna

to take a year off

da uzmu godinu dana slobodno

and work in the one environment

i da rade u okruženju

that represents pretty much everything they're supposed to hate;

koje manje-više predstavlja sve ono što bi trebali mrziti;

we have them work in government.

htjeli smo da rade u vladi.

The program is called Code for America,

Program se zove „Kod za Ameriku”

and it's a little bit like a Peace Corps for geeks.

i pomalo je kao Mirovni korpus za štrebere.

We select a few fellows every year

Odaberemo nekoliko kolega svake godine

and we have them work with city governments.

za rad s gradskim upravama.

Instead of sending them off into the Third World,

Umjesto da ih šaljemo u Treći svijet,

we send them into the wilds of City Hall.

šaljemo ih u divljinu gradske vijećnice.

And there they make great apps, they work with city staffers.

I ondje oni izrađuju sjajne aplikacije, rade s gradskim osobljem.

But really what they're doing is they're showing what's possible

Ali ono što zapravo rade jest da pokazuju što je sve moguće

with technology today.

s današnjom tehnologijom.

So meet Al.

Upoznajte Ala.

Al is a fire hydrant in the city of Boston.

Al je vatrogasni hidrant u Bostonu.

Here it kind of looks like he's looking for a date,

Ovdje izgleda pomalo kao da traži partnericu,

but what he's really looking for is for someone to shovel him out when he gets snowed in,

ali zapravo traži samo nekoga tko će skinuti snijeg s njega kad ga zatrpa

because he knows he's not very good at fighting fires

jer zna da nije baš dobar u gašenju požara

when he's covered in four feet of snow.

kad je prekriven s četiri stope snijega.

Now how did he come to be looking for help

Kako je došao do tog da traži pomoć

in this very unique manner?

na ovako jedinstven način?

We had a team of fellows in Boston last year

Imali smo tim kolega u Bostonu prošle godine

through the Code for America program.

kroz program „Kod za Ameriku”.

They were there in February, and it snowed a lot in February last year.

Bili su ondje u veljači, a u veljači prošle godine jako je snježilo.

And they noticed that the city never gets

Primijetili su tada da grad nikada

to digging out these fire hydrants.

ne očisti hidrante.

But one fellow in particular,

Jedan kolega,

a guy named Erik Michaels-Ober,

Erik Michaels-Ober,

noticed something else,

primijetio je još nešto,

and that's that citizens are shoveling out sidewalks

a to je da građani čiste pločnike od snijega

right in front of these things.

upravo ispred tih hidranata.

So he did what any good developer would do,

Stoga je učinio ono što bi svaki dobar programer učinio,

he wrote an app.

napisao je aplikaciju.

It's a cute little app where you can adopt a fire hydrant.

To je slatka mala aplikacija u kojoj možete posvojiti vatrogasni hidrant.

So you agree to dig it out when it snows.

Time ga prihvaćate iskopati svaki put kada sniježi.

If you do, you get to name it,

Ako to učinite, možete mu dati ime.

and he called the first one Al.

Prvog je nazvao Al.

And if you don't, someone can steal it from you.

A ako ga ne iskopate, netko će vam ga ukrasti.

So it's got cute little game dynamics on it.

Ima slatke male dinamike igre u tom.

This is a modest little app.

To je skromna mala aplikacija.

It's probably the smallest

Vjerojatno najmanja

of the 21 apps that the fellows wrote last year.

od 21 koje su kolege osmislili prošle godine.

But it's doing something

Ali čini nešto

that no other government technology does.

što ne čini niti jedna vladina tehnologija.

It's spreading virally.

Širi se zarazno.

There's a guy in the I.T. department of the City of Honolulu

Tu je i čovjek iz informatičkog odjela grada Honolulua

who saw this app and realized

koji je vidio ovu aplikaciju i shvatio

that he could use it, not for snow,

da bi je mogao iskoristiti, ne za snijeg,

but to get citizens to adopt tsunami sirens.

već da potakne ljude da posvoje sirene za tsunami.

It's very important that these tsunami sirens work,

Važno je da ove sirene rade,

but people steal the batteries out of them.

ali ljudi kradu baterije iz njih.

So he's getting citizens to check on them.

Zato navodi građane da paze na njih.

And then Seattle decided to use it

I onda je Seattle odlučio iskoristiti aplikaciju

to get citizens to clear out clogged storm drains.

kako bi potaknuli građane da čiste začepljene otvore za odljev vode prilikom oluje.

And Chicago just rolled it out

Chicago ju je upravo izbacio

to get people to sign up to shovel sidewalks when it snows.

da navede ljude da čiste snijeg s pločnika kada sniježi.

So we now know of nine cities

Tako sad znamo za devet gradova

that are planning to use this.

koji ju planiraju koristiti.

And this has spread just frictionlessly,

To se širi glatko,

organically, naturally.

organski, prirodno.

If you know anything about government technology,

Ako znate išta o vladinoj tehnologiji,

you know that this isn't how it normally goes.

onda znate da ovo nije kako to inače ide.

Procuring software usually takes a couple of years.

Nabava softvera obično traje nekoliko godina.

We had a team that worked on a project in Boston last year

Mi smo imali tročlani tim koji je radio na projektu u Bostonu

that took three people about two and a half months.

svega dva i pol mjeseca.

It was a way that parents could figure out

Bio je to način na koji bi roditelji mogli shvatiti

which were the right public schools for their kids.

koje su prave javne škole za njihovu djecu.

We were told afterward that if that had gone through normal channels,

Kasnije nam je rečeno da bi to, da je to išlo normalnim kanalima,

it would have taken at least two years

trajalo barem dvije godine

and it would have cost about two million dollars.

i stajalo bi oko dva milijuna dolara.

And that's nothing.

A to nije ništa.

There is one project in the California court system right now

Ima jedan projekt u sudskom sustavu u Kaliforniji

that so far cost taxpayers

koji je dosad stajao porezne obveznike

two billion dollars,

dvije milijarde dolara,

and it doesn't work.

a ne radi.

And there are projects like this

Ovakvih projekata ima

at every level of government.

na svim razinama državne uprave.

So an app that takes a couple of days to write

Aplikacija za koju je potrebno nekoliko dana da se napiše

and then spreads virally,

i onda viralno proširi,

that's sort of a shot across the bow

to je vrsta hica upozorenja

to the institution of government.

instituciji vlade.

It suggests how government could work better --

Predlaže kako bi vlada mogla djelovati bolje –

not more like a private company,

ne više kao privatna kompanija,

as many people think it should.

kako mnogi ljudi misle da bi trebala.

And not even like a tech company,

Ne ni kao tehnološka kompanija,

but more like the Internet itself.

nego više kao sam Internet.

And that means permissionless,

To znači – bez potrebe za dozvolom,

it means open, it means generative.

otvoreno, generativno.

And that's important.

I to je važno.

But what's more important about this app

Ali ono što je važnije jest da ova aplikacija

is that it represents how a new generation

predstavlja kako se nove generacije

is tackling the problem of government --

nose s problemima vlade –

not as the problem of an ossified institution,

ne kao problem fosilizirane institucije,

but as a problem of collective action.

nego kao problem kolektivnog djelovanja.

And that's great news,

I to je sjajna vijest

because, it turns out, we're very good at collective action

jer smo jako dobri u kolektivnom djelovanju

with digital technology.

u kojem se koristi digitalna tehnologija.

Now there's a very large community of people

Sada već postoji velika zajednica ljudi

that are building the tools that we need

koji izrađuju alate kojim trebamo

to do things together effectively.

raditi zajednički djelotvorno.

It's not just Code for America fellows,

Ne samo kolege iz „Koda za Ameriku”.

there are hundreds of people all over the country

To su još stotine ljudi u cijeloj zemlji

that are standing and writing civic apps

koji su ustali i pišu građanske aplikacije

every day in their own communities.

svaki dan u svojim zajednicama.

They haven't given up on government.

Oni nisu digli ruke od vlade.

They are frustrated as hell with it,

Frustrirani su njome,

but they're not complaining about it,

ali se ne žale,

they're fixing it.

nego popravljaju.

And these folks know something

Ti ljudi znaju nešto

that we've lost sight of.

što smo mi izgubili iz vida,

And that's that when you strip away all your feelings

a to je da kad odagnamo sve osjećaje

about politics and the line at the DMV

vezane za politiku i duge redove na blagajnama

and all those other things

i ostale stvari

that we're really mad about,

zbog kojih smo ljuti,

government is, at its core,

vlada je, u svojoj biti,

in the words of Tim O'Reilly,

riječima Tima O’Reillyja:

"What we do together that we can't do alone."

„Ono što radimo zajedno jer ne možemo sami.”

Now a lot of people have given up on government.

Mnogi su ljudi već digli ruke od vlade.

And if you're one of those people,

Ako ste i vi jedan od tih,

I would ask that you reconsider,

molila bih vas da razmislite još jednom o tome

because things are changing.

jer stvari se mijenjaju.

Politics is not changing;

Politika se ne mijenja;

government is changing.

vlada se mijenja.

And because government

I kako vlada

ultimately derives its power from us --

naposljetku svoju moć dobiva od nas --

remember "We the people?" --

sjetite se: „Mi narod?” –

how we think about it

kako razmišljamo o tom

is going to effect how that change happens.

utjecat će na to kako će se ta promjena dogoditi.

Now I didn't know very much about government when I started this program.

Nisam znala mnogo o vladi kad sam započela ovaj program.

And like a lot of people,

I kao mnogi ljudi,

I thought government was basically about getting people elected to office.

mislila sam da se u vladi radi u biti o tom kako izabrati ljude za državnu službu.

Well after two years, I've come to the conclusion

Pa, nakon dvije godine, došla sam do zaključka

that, especially local government,

da se, posebice u lokalnoj vladi,

is about opossums.

radi o oposumima.

This is the call center for the services and information line.

Ovo je pozivni centar za servisne i informacijske linije.

It's generally where you will get

To je ono što dobijete

if you call 311 in your city.

ako nazovete 988 u svome gradu.

If you should ever have the chance

Ako ikada budete imali priliku

to staff your city's call center,

zapošljavati ljude u pozivnom centru u vašem gradu,

as our fellow Scott Silverman did as part of the program --

kao što je kolega Scott Silverman radio kao dio programa –

in fact, they all do that --

zapravo, svi oni to rade –

you will find that people call government

vidjet ćete da ljudi zovu vladine službe

with a very wide range of issues,

zbog širokog spektra problema,

including having an opossum stuck in your house.

uključujući oposuma zaglavljenog u kući.

So Scott gets this call.

Tako je Scott dobio ovaj poziv.

He types "Opossum" into this official knowledge base.

Utipkao je „oposum” u službenu bazu

He doesn't really come up with anything. He starts with animal control.

i nije zapravo pronašao ništa. Započeo je s kontrolom životinja.

And finally, he says, "Look, can you just open all the doors to your house

I na kraju je rekao: „Čujte, možete li jednostavno otvoriti sva vrata kuće,

and play music really loud

puštati jako glasnu glazbu

and see if the thing leaves?"

i vidjeti hoće li izaći?”

So that worked. So booya for Scott.

I uspjelo je. Čestitke Scottu.

But that wasn't the end of the opossums.

Ali to nije bio kraj oposumima.

Boston doesn't just have a call center.

Boston nema pozivni centar.

It has an app, a Web and mobile app,

Ima aplikaciju, Web i mobilnu aplikaciju

called Citizens Connect.

koja se zove 'Citizens Connect'.

Now we didn't write this app.

Mi nismo napisali ovu aplikaciju,

This is the work of the very smart people

već je ona rad skupine pametnih ljudi

at the Office of New Urban Mechanics in Boston.

u Uredu za novu urbanu mehanizaciju u Bostonu.

So one day -- this is an actual report -- this came in:

Jednog dana – ovo je stvarni izvještaj – stiglo je ovo:

"Opossum in my trashcan. Can't tell if it's dead.

„Oposum u mojoj kanti za smeće. Ne znam je li mrtav.

How do I get this removed?"

Kako da ga uklonim?”

But what happens with Citizens Connect is different.

Ono što se događa s Citizens Connectom je drukčije.

So Scott was speaking person-to-person.

Scott je osobno razgovarao s osobom.

But on Citizens Connect everything is public,

Ali kod Citizens Connecta sve je javno

so everybody can see this.

tako da svatko može vidjeti.

And in this case, a neighbor saw it.

U ovome slučaju, susjed je vidio.

And the next report we got said,

I sljedeći izvještaj koji smo dobili bio je:

"I walked over to this location,

„Otišao sam do lokacije,

found the trashcan behind the house.

pronašao kantu za smeće iza kuće.

Opossum? Check. Living? Yep.

Oposum? Provjereno. Živ? Da.

Turned trashcan on its side. Walked home.

Okrenuo kantu na stranu. Otišao kući.

Goodnight sweet opossum."

Laku noć, slatki oposume.”

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Pretty simple.

Prilično jednostavno.

So this is great. This is the digital meeting the physical.

To je odlično. Ovdje digitalno susreće fizičko.

And it's also a great example

To je odličan primjer

of government getting in on the crowd-sourcing game.

kako vlada ulazi u igru kontroliranja neodređene gomile.

But it's also a great example of government as a platform.

Također je izvrstan primjer vlade kao platforme.

And I don't mean necessarily

Pri tome ne mislim nužno

a technological definition of platform here.

na tehnološku definiciju platforme.

I'm just talking about a platform for people

Govorim o platformi za ljude

to help themselves and to help others.

za pomoć samima sebi i drugima.

So one citizen helped another citizen,

Jedan građanin pomaže drugom,

but government played a key role here.

ali vlada ovdje igra ključnu ulogu.

It connected those two people.

Spojila je ovih dvoje ljudi.

And it could have connected them with government services if they'd been needed,

Mogla ih je spojiti s vladinom službom da je bilo potrebno,

but a neighbor is a far better and cheaper alternative

ali susjed je daleko bolja i jeftinija alternativa

to government services.

državnoj službi.

When one neighbor helps another,

Kada jedan susjed pomaže drugom,

we strengthen our communities.

jačamo naše zajednice.

We call animal control, it just costs a lot of money.

Kada zovemo Kontrolu za životinje, to samo puno košta.

Now one of the important things we need to think about government

Jedna od važnijih stvari o kojoj moramo kod vlade razmišljati

is that it's not the same thing as politics.

jest da to nije isto što i politika.

And most people get that,

Mnogi ljudi to znaju,

but they think that one is the input to the other.

ali ipak misle da jedno ima utjecaja na drugo

That our input to the system of government

i da je naš utjecaj na sustav vlade

is voting.

glasanje.

Now how many times have we elected a political leader --

Koliko puta smo izabrali političkog vođu –

and sometimes we spend a lot of energy

a ponekad uložimo puno energije

getting a new political leader elected --

u to da se izabere novog političkog vođu –

and then we sit back and we expect government

zatim samo zasjeli i očekivali od vlade

to reflect our values and meet our needs,

da odražava naše vrednote i zadovoljava naše potrebe,

and then not that much changes?

a onda se malo toga promjeni?

That's because government is like a vast ocean

To je zato što je vlada kao nepregledno široki ocean,

and politics is the six-inch layer on top.

a politika je šest-inčni sloj na vrhu.

And what's under that

Ono što je ispod

is what we call bureaucracy.

nazivamo birokracijom.

And we say that word with such contempt.

Tu riječ izgovaramo s tolikim prijezirom.

But it's that contempt

Ali taj je prijezir ono

that keeps this thing that we own

što ovu stvar koju posjedujemo

and we pay for

i plaćamo

as something that's working against us, this other thing,

drži kao nešto što radi protiv nas, ta druga stvar,

and then we're disempowering ourselves.

i onda sami sebe onemogućujemo.

People seem to think politics is sexy.

Ljudi misle da je politika seksi.

If we want this institution to work for us,

Ako želimo da ta institucija radi za nas,

we're going to have to make bureaucracy sexy.

morat ćemo učiniti i birokraciju seksi

Because that's where the real work of government happens.

jer tamo se odvija pravi posao vlade.

We have to engage with the machinery of government.

Moramo sudjelovati s mašinerijom vlade.

So that's OccupytheSEC movement has done.

To je ono što je OccupytheSEC pokret napravio.

Have you seen these guys?

Jeste li vidjeli ove tipove?

It's a group of concerned citizens

To je skupina zabrinutih građana

that have written a very detailed

koji su napisali vrlo detaljan

325-page report

izvještaj od 325 stranica

that's a response to the SEC's request for comment

koji je odgovor na SEC-ov zahtjev za komentarom

on the Financial Reform Bill.

na Zakon o financijskoj reformi.

That's not being politically active,

To ne znači biti politički aktivan,

that's being bureaucratically active.

nego birokratski aktivan.

Now for those of us who've given up on government,

Za one od nas koji su odustali od vlade,

it's time that we asked ourselves

vrijeme je da se zapitamo

about the world that we want to leave for our children.

o svijetu koji ostavljamo svojoj djeci.

You have to see the enormous challenges

Morate vidjeti ogromne izazove

that they're going to face.

s kojima će se morati suočavati.

Do we really think we're going to get where we need to go

Zar zaista mislimo da ćemo stići kamo trebamo

without fixing the one institution

bez da popravimo jedinu instituciju

that can act on behalf of all of us?

koja može djelovati u ime svih nas?

We can't do without government,

Ne možemo bez vlade,

but we do need it

ali trebamo

to be more effective.

da bude učinkovitija.

The good news is that technology is making it possible

Dobra vijest jest da tehnologija čini mogućim

to fundamentally reframe

da iz temelja reorganiziramo

the function of government

funkciju vlade

in a way that can actually scale

na način na koji zaista može mjeriti

by strengthening civil society.

jačanje civilnog društva.

And there's a generation out there that's grown up on the Internet,

Tu je generacija koja je odrasla na Internetu

and they know that it's not that hard

i koja zna da nije teško raditi

to do things together,

zajedno,

you just have to architect the systems the right way.

samo treba izgraditi pravi sustav.

Now the average age of our fellows is 28,

Prosječna dob naših kolega je 28 godina

so I am, begrudgingly,

i tako sam, nevoljko,

almost a generation older than most of them.

gotovo generaciju starija od većine njih.

This is a generation

To je generacija

that's grown up taking their voices pretty much for granted.

koja je odrasla uzimajući svoje glasove zdravo za gotovo.

They're not fighting that battle that we're all fighting

Oni se ne bore kao što se mi borimo

about who gets to speak;

za to tko može govoriti;

they all get to speak.

oni svi govore.

They can express their opinion

Mogu izraziti svoje mišljenje

on any channel at any time,

na bilo kojem kanalu u bilo koje vrijeme

and they do.

i to i rade.

So when they're faced with the problem of government,

Zato, kad su suočeni s problemima vlade,

they don't care as much

ne mare puno za to

about using their voices.

da iskoriste glasove.

They're using their hands.

Oni koriste svoje ruke.

They're using their hands

Koriste svoje ruke

to write applications that make government work better.

za pisanje aplikacija koje pomažu vladi da radi bolje.

And those applications let us use our hands

Te aplikacije nam omogućavaju da koristimo svoje ruke

to make our communities better.

da bismo poboljšali svoje zajednice.

That could be shoveling out a hydrant, pulling a weed,

To može biti otkopavanje hidranata, čupanje korova,

turning over a garbage can with an opossum in it.

okretanje kante za smeće s oposumom.

And certainly, we could have been shoveling out those fire hydrants all along,

I naravno, mogli smo otkopavati te hidrante sve ovo vrijeme,

and many people do.

a mnogi to i čine.

But these apps are like little digital reminders

Ali ove aplikacije su kao mali digitalni podsjetnici na to

that we're not just consumers,

da nismo samo potošači,

and we're not just consumers of government,

da nismo samo potrošači vlade

putting in our taxes and getting back services.

koji plaćaju poreze i zauzvrat dobivaju uslugu.

We're more than that,

Mi smo više od toga,

we're citizens.

mi smo građani.

And we're not going to fix government

Nećemo popraviti vladu

until we fix citizenship.

dok ne popravimo građanstvo.

So the question I have for all of you here:

Pitanje koje imam za sve vas ovdje:

When it comes to the big, important things

Kada se radi o velikim, važnim stvarima

that we need to do together,

koje trebamo raditi zajedno,

all of us together,

svi zajedno,

are we just going to be a crowd of voices,

hoćemo li biti samo gomila glasova

or are we also going to be

ili ćemo biti i

a crowd of hands?

gomila ruku?

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)