Where Is Home? | Pico Iyer | TED

Prevoditelj: Kalina Matušin Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG

Where do you come from?

Otkuda dolaziš?

It's such a simple question,

To je pitanje toliko jednostavno,

but these days, of course, simple questions

ali danas, naravno, jednostavna pitanja

bring ever more complicated answers.

donose sve kompliciranije odgovore.

People are always asking me where I come from,

Ljudi me uvijek pitaju otkuda dolazim

and they're expecting me to say India,

i očekuju da kažem: Indija,

and they're absolutely right insofar as 100 percent

i može biti da su 100 posto u pravu

of my blood and ancestry does come from India.

jer moja krvna veza i porijeklo proizlaze iz Indije.

Except, I've never lived one day of my life there.

Osim što nisam proveo ni jedan jedini dan ondje.

I can't speak even one word

Ne znam niti jednu riječ

of its more than 22,000 dialects.

njezinih 22.000 dijalekata.

So I don't think I've really earned the right

Pa smatram da nemam pravo

to call myself an Indian.

zvati se Indijcem.

And if "Where do you come from?"

I ako "Otkuda dolaziš?"

means "Where were you born and raised and educated?"

znači "Gdje si rođen i gdje si odrastao i gdje si pohađao školu?"

then I'm entirely of that funny little country

potom sam u potpunosti iz smiješne, male zemlje

known as England,

znane kao Engleska,

except I left England as soon as I completed

osim što sam napustio Englesku odmah nakon što sam završio

my undergraduate education,

predipomski studij,

and all the time I was growing up,

i za vrijeme cijelog djetinjstva

I was the only kid in all my classes

bio sam jedino dijete u razredu

who didn't begin to look like the classic English heroes

koje nije počelo ličiti na klasične engleske junake

represented in our textbooks.

opisane u našim udžbenicima.

And if "Where do you come from?"

I ako "Otkuda dolaziš?"

means "Where do you pay your taxes?

znači "Gdje plaćaš porez?

Where do you see your doctor and your dentist?"

Gdje je tvoj liječnik i tvoj zubar?"

then I'm very much of the United States,

potom sam velikim djelom iz Sjedinjenih Država,

and I have been for 48 years now,

i ovdje sam već 48 godina,

since I was a really small child.

otkad sam bio vrlo malen.

Except, for many of those years,

Osim što sam veliki dio tog razdoblja

I've had to carry around this funny little pink card

trebao nositi sa sobom malu, smiješnu, rozu karticu

with green lines running through my face

sa zelenim crtama po mojem licu

identifying me as a permanent alien.

koje su me identificirale kao stalnog izvanzemaljca.

I do actually feel more alien the longer I live there.

Zapravo, što duže živim ovdje, to se više i osjećam kao izvanzemaljac.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And if "Where do you come from?"

I ako "Otkuda dolaziš?"

means "Which place goes deepest inside you

znači "Koje mjesto ti je najdraže

and where do you try to spend most of your time?"

i gdje pokušavaš provesti većinu svog vremena?"

then I'm Japanese,

onda sam Japanac

because I've been living as much as I can

jer pokušavam provesti što više vremena

for the last 25 years in Japan.

u Japanu u zadnjih 25 godina.

Except, all of those years I've been there on a tourist visa,

Samo što sam sve ove godine ondje proveo na turističkog vizi,

and I'm fairly sure not many Japanese

i prilično sam siguran da me mnogi Japanci

would want to consider me one of them.

ne bi smatrali jednim od svojih.

And I say all this just to stress

I sve to govorim kako bi naglasio

how very old-fashioned and straightforward

koliko je staromodno i izravno

my background is,

moje porijeklo,

because when I go to Hong Kong or Sydney or Vancouver,

jer kad idem u Hong Kong ili Sydney ili Vancouver,

most of the kids I meet

većina djece koju susrećem

are much more international and multi-cultured than I am.

ima puno više međunarodnih i multikulturalnih osobina nego ja.

And they have one home associated with their parents,

I samo jedan dom povezuju sa svojim roditeljima

but another associated with their partners,

ali drugi povezan sa supružnicima

a third connected maybe with the place where they happen to be,

treći povezan, možda, s mjestom gdje se slučajno nalaze,

a fourth connected with the place they dream of being,

četvrti povezan s mjestom gdje bi željeli biti

and many more besides.

i puno toga nadovezujućeg.

And their whole life will be spent taking pieces

I cijeli će njihov život biti proveden uzimajući po dio

of many different places and putting them together

od svakog tog mjesta i stavljajući ih zajedno

into a stained glass whole.

u vitrinu.

Home for them is really a work in progress.

Dom je za njih proces u tijeku.

It's like a project on which they're constantly adding

Kao projekt koji neprestano

upgrades and improvements and corrections.

unapređuju, poboljšavaju i izmjenjuju.

And for more and more of us,

I za sve više nas,

home has really less to do with a piece of soil

dom zapravo sve manje ima veze s dijelom zemlje

than, you could say, with a piece of soul.

nego, mogli biste reći, s dijelom duše.

If somebody suddenly asks me, "Where's your home?"

Ako me netko iznenada pita, "Gdje je tvoj dom?"

I think about my sweetheart or my closest friends

pomislim na svoju simpatiju ili najbliže prijatelje

or the songs that travel with me wherever I happen to be.

ili pjesme koje putuju sa mnom gdje god da jesam.

And I'd always felt this way,

I oduvijek sam se ovako osjećao

but it really came home to me, as it were,

ali ono što sam počeo smatrati domom je bilo

some years ago when I was climbing up the stairs

kada sam prije nekoliko godina penjajući se stepenicama

in my parents' house in California,

kuće mojih roditelja u Kaliforniji,

and I looked through the living room windows

kada sam pogledao kroz prozore dnevne sobe

and I saw that we were encircled by 70-foot flames,

i vidio da smo okruženi plamenom visokim 21 metar,

one of those wildfires that regularly tear through

jednim od onih divljih koji redovito haraju

the hills of California and many other such places.

brdima Kalifornije i mnogim drugim sličnim mjestima.

And three hours later, that fire had reduced

I tri sata kasnije, ta je vatra pretvorila

my home and every last thing in it

moju kuću i sve stvari u njoj

except for me to ash.

osim mene, u pepeo.

And when I woke up the next morning,

I kada sam se probudio slijedeće jutro,

I was sleeping on a friend's floor,

spavao sam na podu prijateljeve kuće,

the only thing I had in the world was a toothbrush

jedina stvar koju sam imao na svijetu je bila četkica za zube

I had just bought from an all-night supermarket.

koju sam bio upravo kupio u jednom od dućana otvorenih cijelu noć.

Of course, if anybody asked me then,

Naravno, da me netko onda pitao

"Where is your home?"

"Gdje je tvoj dom?"

I literally couldn't point to any physical construction.

doslovno ne bih mogao ukazati na nikakvu fizičku građevinu.

My home would have to be whatever I carried around inside me.

Moj bi dom trebao biti bilo što što nosim u sebi.

And in so many ways, I think this is a terrific liberation.

I tako na više načina, smatram da je to strašno oslobađanje.

Because when my grandparents were born,

Jer kad su moji baka i djed rođeni,

they pretty much had their sense of home,

imali su osjećaj za dom,

their sense of community, even their sense of enmity,

osjećaj za zajednicu, čak i osjećaj za neprijateljstvo,

assigned to them at birth,

koje im je dodijeljeno pri rođenju,

and didn't have much chance of stepping outside of that.

i nisu imali puno prilika za istupanje iz okvira.

And nowadays, at least some of us can choose our sense of home,

I danas, barem neki od nas mogu odabrati svoj osjećaj za dom,

create our sense of community,

stvoriti osjećaj za zajednicu,

fashion our sense of self, and in so doing

stvoriti osjećaj za sebe same i za vrijeme

maybe step a little beyond

možda dati korak dalje

some of the black and white divisions

crnih i bijelih dioba

of our grandparents' age.

iz doba naših baka i djeda.

No coincidence that the president

Nije slučajnost da je predsjednik

of the strongest nation on Earth is half-Kenyan,

jedne od najjačih zemalja na svijetu dijelom iz Kenije,

partly raised in Indonesia,

djelomično odgojen u Indoneziji,

has a Chinese-Canadian brother-in-law.

ima šurjaka kinesko-kanadskog porijekla.

The number of people living in countries not their own

Broj ljudi koji ne žive u svojim državama

now comes to 220 million,

sada se svodi na 220 milijuna,

and that's an almost unimaginable number,

i to je skoro nezamisliv broj,

but it means that if you took the whole population of Canada

ali znači da ako bi uzeli cijelu populaciju Kanade

and the whole population of Australia

i cijelu populaciju Australije

and then the whole population of Australia again

i nakon toga cijelu populaciju Australije ponovo

and the whole population of Canada again

i ponovo cijelu populaciju Kanade

and doubled that number,

i udvostručili taj broj,

you would still have fewer people than belong

i dalje bi imali manji broj ljudi nego što pripada

to this great floating tribe.

tom velikom plutajućem plemenu.

And the number of us who live outside

I broj nas koji živimo van

the old nation-state categories is increasing so quickly,

kategorije pripadajuće države raste toliko brzo

by 64 million just in the last 12 years,

do 64 milijuna u samo posljednih 12 godina,

that soon there will be more of us than there are Americans.

da će nas uskoro biti više nego Amerikanaca.

Already, we represent the fifth-largest nation on Earth.

Sada već predstavljamo petu po redu najveću naciju na Svijetu.

And in fact, in Canada's largest city, Toronto,

I zapravo, u najvećem kanadskom gradu, Torontu,

the average resident today is what used to be called

prosjećni građanin danas je ono što smo prije nazivali

a foreigner, somebody born in a very different country.

strancem, nekim rođenim u drugačijoj državi.

And I've always felt that the beauty of being surrounded by the foreign

I uvijek sam osjećao da ljepota okruženja stranim

is that it slaps you awake.

je ta da te održava budnim.

You can't take anything for granted.

Ništa se ne može uzeti zdravo za gotovo.

Travel, for me, is a little bit like being in love,

Putovanje je za mene nešto kao biti zaljubljen,

because suddenly all your senses are at the setting marked "on."

jer su iznenada sva čula upaljena.

Suddenly you're alert to the secret patterns of the world.

Odjednom si pripravan na tajne obrasce svijeta.

The real voyage of discovery, as Marcel Proust famously said,

Stvarni put otkrića, kao što je Marcel Proust slavno rekao,

consists not in seeing new sights,

ne sastoji se u otkrivanju novih pogleda,

but in looking with new eyes.

nego gledajući novim očima.

And of course, once you have new eyes,

I naravno, jednom kada imate nove oči,

even the old sights, even your home

čak i stari vidici, čak i vaš dom

become something different.

postaje nešto drugo.

Many of the people living in countries not their own

Mnogi od ljudi koji ne žive u svojoj državi

are refugees who never wanted to leave home

su izbjeglice koje nikada nisu ni željele napustiti svoj dom

and ache to go back home.

i čeznu za povratkom.

But for the fortunate among us,

Ali za sretnike među nama,

I think the age of movement brings exhilarating new possibilities.

mislim da ove godine pokreta donose velike nove mogućnosti.

Certainly when I'm traveling,

Doista, kada putujem

especially to the major cities of the world,

posebno u velike gradove svijeta

the typical person I meet today

tipična osoba koju danas susrećem

will be, let's say, a half-Korean, half-German young woman

će biti, recimo, mlada žena porijeklom iz Koreje i Njemačke

living in Paris.

koja živi u Parizu.

And as soon as she meets a half-Thai,

I odmah nakon što sretne mladića dijelom iz Tajlanda

half-Canadian young guy from Edinburgh,

dijelom iz Kanade iz Edinburgha,

she recognizes him as kin.

prepoznat će ga kao srodnog.

She realizes that she probably has much more in common with him

Shvatit će da vjerojatno dijeli više sa njim

than with anybody entirely of Korea or entirely of Germany.

nego sa bilo kime u potpunosti iz Koreje ili Njemačke.

So they become friends. They fall in love.

I postanu prijatelji, I zaljube se.

They move to New York City.

I presele se u New York.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Or Edinburgh.

Ili Edinburgh.

And the little girl who arises out of their union

I mala djevojčica koja proizlazi iz tog zajedništva

will of course be not Korean or German

neće, naravno, biti niti Koreanka niti Njemica

or French or Thai or Scotch or Canadian

niti Francuskinja niti Tajlanđanka niti Škotkinja niti Kanađanka

or even American, but a wonderful

čak ni Amerikanka, nego predivna,

and constantly evolving mix of all those places.

i stalno u nastajanju mješavina svih tih mjesta.

And potentially, everything about the way

I moguće, sve u vezi

that young woman dreams about the world,

snova o svijetu te mlade žene

writes about the world, thinks about the world,

zapisivanje o svijetu, razmišljanja o svijetu

could be something different,

bi moglo biti nešto drugačije

because it comes out of this almost unprecedented

jer proizlazi iz tog skoro besprimjernog

blend of cultures.

spoja kultura.

Where you come from now is much less important

Otkuda dolaziš je sada manje bitno

than where you're going.

nego kamo ideš.

More and more of us are rooted in the future

Sve više nas stvara korijenje u budućnosti

or the present tense as much as in the past.

ili sadašnjosti toliko koliko i u prošlosti.

And home, we know, is not just the place

I dom, znamo, nije samo mjesto

where you happen to be born.

gdje si rođen.

It's the place where you become yourself.

To je mjesto gdje postaješ ti.

And yet,

I još više,

there is one great problem with movement,

postoji jedan veliki problem sa pokretom,

and that is that it's really hard to get your bearings

i to je da je stvarno teško održati ravnotežu

when you're in midair.

kada se nalaziš u sredini.

Some years ago, I noticed that I had accumulated

Prije nekoliko godina, primjetio sam da sam sakupio

one million miles on United Airlines alone.

milijun milja u United Airlinesu.

You all know that crazy system,

Svi poznajete taj ludi sustav

six days in hell, you get the seventh day free.

šest dana u paklu, sedmi je besplatan.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

And I began to think that really,

I počinjem misliti da je stvarno,

movement was only as good as the sense of stillness

pokret bio toliko dobar koliko i osjećaj smirenosti

that you could bring to it to put it into perspective.

koji se može pridodati novom pogledu.

And eight months after my house burned down,

I osam mjeseci nakon što je moja kuća izgorjela,

I ran into a friend who taught at a local high school,

sreo sam prijatelja koji je podučavao u mjesnoj srednjoj školi,

and he said, "I've got the perfect place for you."

i rekao mi je, "Imam savršeno mjesto za tebe."

"Really?" I said. I'm always a bit skeptical

"Stvarno?" rekao sam. Uvijek sam skeptičan

when people say things like that.

kada ljudi kažu takve stvari.

"No, honestly," he went on,

"Ne, stvarno", nastavio je,

"it's only three hours away by car,

"samo je tri sata vožnje automobilom,

and it's not very expensive,

i nije skupo,

and it's probably not like anywhere you've stayed before."

i vjerojatno nije kao nijedno mjesto gdje si do sada odsjeo."

"Hmm." I was beginning to get slightly intrigued. "What is it?"

"Hmm." Polako me zaintrigirao. "Što je to?"

"Well —" Here my friend hemmed and hawed —

"Pa -" Tu je moj prijatelj zastajao i kašljucao -

"Well, actually it's a Catholic hermitage."

"Pa zapravo se radi o kršćanskom samostanu."

This was the wrong answer.

To je bio krivi odgovor.

I had spent 15 years in Anglican schools,

Bio sam proveo 15 godina u anglikanskoj crkvi,

so I had had enough hymnals and crosses to last me a lifetime.

i imao sam dovoljno pjesmarica i križeva za do kraja života.

Several lifetimes, actually.

Nekoliko života, zapravo.

But my friend assured me that he wasn't Catholic,

Ali moj me prijatelj uvjeravao da on nije kršćanin,

nor were most of his students,

niti je to bila većina njegovih učenika,

but he took his classes there every spring.

nego je tamo održavao nastavu svakog proljeća.

And as he had it, even the most restless, distractible,

I kao što je rekao, čak i najnestašniji, nepažljivi

testosterone-addled 15-year-old Californian boy

testosteronom smušeni petanestogodišnji dječak iz Kalifornije

only had to spend three days in silence

koji je trebao provesti tri dana u tišini

and something in him cooled down and cleared out.

i nešto se u njemu smirilo i izjasnilo.

He found himself.

Pronašao se.

And I thought, "Anything that works for a 15-year-old boy

I pomislio sam, "Sve što je korisno za petnaestogodišnjaka

ought to work for me."

koristit će i meni."

So I got in my car, and I drove three hours north

I sjeo sam u auto, i vozio sam tri sata prema sjeveru

along the coast,

uz obalu,

and the roads grew emptier and narrower,

i ceste su bile sve praznije i uže

and then I turned onto an even narrower path,

i onda sam skrenuo u još uži puteljak

barely paved, that snaked for two miles

oskudno popločen, koji se oduljio na 3 kilometra

up to the top of a mountain.

uz planinu.

And when I got out of my car,

I kada sam izašao iz auta,

the air was pulsing.

vjetar je puhao.

The whole place was absolutely silent,

Cijelo je mjesto bilo u potpunoj tišini,

but the silence wasn't an absence of noise.

ali tišina nije bila nedostatak zvukova.

It was really a presence of a kind of energy or quickening.

Bila je prisutnost neke vrste energije ili oduševljenja.

And at my feet was the great, still blue plate

I ispod mojih stopala se nalazio veliki, smireni, plavi dio

of the Pacific Ocean.

Pacifičkog oceana.

All around me were 800 acres of wild dry brush.

Oko mene nalazilo se oko 800 hektara divlje i suhe šume.

And I went down to the room in which I was to be sleeping.

I otišao sam dolje u sobu u kojoj sam spavao.

Small but eminently comfortable,

Mala ali vrlo udobna,

it had a bed and a rocking chair

imala je krevet i stolicu za njihanje

and a long desk and even longer picture windows

i dugačak stol i još veće prozore

looking out on a small, private, walled garden,

sa pogledom na mali, privatni, ograđeni vrt,

and then 1,200 feet of golden pampas grass

i onda 365 metara zlatne stepe

running down to the sea.

koja se proteže dužinom obale.

And I sat down, and I began to write,

I sjeo sam i počeo pisati,

and write, and write,

i pisati i pisati,

even though I'd gone there really to get away from my desk.

iako sam otišao tamo kako bi pobjegao od radnog mjesta.

And by the time I got up, four hours had passed.

I do trenutka kad sam se odlučio dići, prošlo je četiri sata.

Night had fallen,

Noć je pala,

and I went out under this great overturned saltshaker of stars,

i izašao sam ispod velikog okrenutog miksera zvijezda,

and I could see the tail lights of cars

i mogao sam vidjeti stražnja svjetla auta

disappearing around the headlands 12 miles to the south.

koja nestaju unutar rta na 20 km južno.

And it really seemed like my concerns of the previous day

I zaista se činilo da moje brige prijašnjeg dana

vanishing.

nestaju.

And the next day, when I woke up

I slijedeći dan, kada sam se probudio

in the absence of telephones and TVs and laptops,

u odsutnosti telefona, televizora i laptopa,

the days seemed to stretch for a thousand hours.

dani su se činili rastegnutim na tisuće sati.

It was really all the freedom I know when I'm traveling,

Bila je to sva sloboda za koju znam kada putujem,

but it also profoundly felt like coming home.

ali je osjećaj bio apsolutan kao i onaj dolaska kući.

And I'm not a religious person,

Nisam religiozna osoba,

so I didn't go to the services.

pa nisam odlazio na mise.

I didn't consult the monks for guidance.

Nisam se savjetovao sa svećenicima

I just took walks along the monastery road

samo sam šetao cestom oko samostana

and sent postcards to loved ones.

i slao razglednice voljenim osobama.

I looked at the clouds,

Gledao sam u oblake,

and I did what is hardest of all for me to do usually,

i učinio ono što mi je najčešće i najteže raditi

which is nothing at all.

a to je ne raditi ništa.

And I started to go back to this place,

I počeo sam se vraćati na to mjesto,

and I noticed that I was doing my most important work there

i primjetio sam da ondje radim najbitniji dio svog posla

invisibly just by sitting still,

u nevidljivom okruženju samo sjedenjem,

and certainly coming to my most critical decisions

i zasigurno dolazeći do mojih najkritičnijih odluka

the way I never could when I was racing

na način na koji nikad nisam mogao kada sam jurio

from the last email to the next appointment.

sa zadnjeg emaila do slijedećeg sastanka.

And I began to think that something in me

I počeo sam razmišljati da je nešto u meni

had really been crying out for stillness,

stvarno vapilo za mirnoćom

but of course I couldn't hear it

ali, naravno, ja to nisam mogao čuti

jer sam toliko trčao okolo.

because I was running around so much.

I was like some crazy guy who puts on a blindfold

Bio sam kao neki luđak povezanih očiju

and then complains that he can't see a thing.

koji se onda žali da ništa ne vidi.

And I thought back to that wonderful phrase

I sjetio sam se divne rečenice

I had learned as a boy from Seneca,

koju sam kao dječak naučio od Seneke,

in which he says, "That man is poor

u kojoj kaže, "Čovjek je siromašan

not who has little but who hankers after more."

ali ne onaj koji ima malo nego onaj koji žarko želi više."

And, of course, I'm not suggesting

I, naravno, ne predlažem

that anybody here go into a monastery.

da bilo tko od vas ode u samostan.

That's not the point.

Ne radi se o tome.

But I do think it's only by stopping movement

Ali mislim da samo ako se prestanemo kretati

that you can see where to go.

možemo vidjeti kamo idemo.

And it's only by stepping out of your life and the world

I samo istupanjem iz vlastitog života i svijeta

that you can see what you most deeply care about

možemo vidjeti ono za čime duboko težimo

and find a home.

i pronaći dom.

And I've noticed so many people now

I primjetio sam da sada mnogi ljudi

take conscious measures to sit quietly for 30 minutes

poduzimaju svjesne mjere da tiho sjede pola sata

every morning just collecting themselves

svako jutro samo kako bi se sabrali

in one corner of the room without their devices,

u kutku sobe bez svojih uređaja

or go running every evening,

ili trče svako jutro,

or leave their cell phones behind

ili ostave kod kuće svoje mobitele

when they go to have a long conversation with a friend.

kada idu na dugi razgovor sa prijateljem.

Movement is a fantastic privilege,

Kretanje je fantastična privilegija

and it allows us to do so much that our grandparents

i dopušta nam da učinimo onoliko koliko naše bake i djedovi

could never have dreamed of doing.

nisu ni sanjali da će moći učiniti.

But movement, ultimately,

Ali kretati se, naposljetku,

only has a meaning if you have a home to go back to.

dobiva samo značenje ako imamo dom kojem se vratiti.

And home, in the end, is of course

I dom je, na kraju krajeva, naravno

not just the place where you sleep.

ne samo mjesto gdje spavate.

It's the place where you stand.

To je mjesto gdje odlučno stojimo.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)