Jessica Jackley: Poverty, money -- and love

162,012 views ใƒป 2010-10-18

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: Mahmoud Aghiorly ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Anwar Dafa-Alla
00:16
The stories we tell about each other
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ุฅู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฎุจุฑู‡ุง ู„ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุฆู†ุง
00:18
matter very much.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุจุงู„ูุนู„
00:21
The stories we tell ourselves about our own lives matter.
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ูˆุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฎุจุฑู‡ุง ู„ุงู†ูุณู†ุง .. ุนู† ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง .. ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‡ู…
00:24
And most of all,
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ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ
00:26
I think the way that we participate in each other's stories
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ูˆุงู†ุง ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุงู„ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชุดุงุฑูƒ ููŠู‡ุง - ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุง - ู…ุน ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต
00:28
is of deep importance.
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ู„ู‡ูŠ ุดูŠุกูŒ ู‡ุงู… ุฌุฏุงู‹
00:31
I was six years old
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ูƒู†ุช ุฅุจู†ุฉ 6 ุฃุนูˆุงู…
00:33
when I first heard stories about the poor.
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุณู…ุนุช ุงูˆู„ ู‚ุตุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
00:35
Now I didn't hear those stories from the poor themselves,
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ู„ู… ุงูƒู† ุงุณู…ุน ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ู…ู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุงู†ูุณู‡ู…
00:37
I heard them from my Sunday school teacher
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ุจู„ ูƒู†ุช ุงุณู…ุนู‡ุง ู…ู† ู…ุฑุดุฏ ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุงุญุฏ
00:40
and Jesus, kind of via my Sunday school teacher.
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ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู„ุณุงู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญ .. ูƒุงู† ูŠุฎุจุฑู†ุง ู…ุฑุดุฏ ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุงุญุฏ ุจุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต
00:43
I remember learning that people who were poor
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ุงุชุฐูƒุฑ ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
00:46
needed something material --
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ู‡ู… ู…ู† ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏูŠุฉ
00:48
food, clothing, shelter -- that they didn't have.
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ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุจุณ ูˆุงู„ุทุนุงู… ูˆุงู„ู…ุฃูˆู‰ .. ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ูŠู…ู„ูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง
00:50
And I also was taught, coupled with that,
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุจุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ ู…ุน ุฐุงูƒ ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง
00:53
that it was my job -- this classroom full of five and six year-old children --
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ุงู†ู‡ ู…ู† ูˆุงุฌุจู†ุง - ูƒู†ุง ุทู„ุงุจ ุงุนู…ุงุฑู†ุง ู…ู† 5-6 ุณู†ูˆุงุช ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุตู -
00:56
it was our job, apparently, to help.
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ุงู†ู‡ ู…ู† ูˆุงุฌุจู†ุง .. ุงู† ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจู…ุณุงุนุฏุชู‡ู…
00:58
This is what Jesus asked of us.
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ู„ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญ ุทู„ุจ ู…ู†ุง ุฐู„ูƒ
01:00
And then he said, "What you do for the least of these, you do for me."
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ุญูŠุซ ู‚ุงู„ " ุงู† ู…ุง ุชู‚ุฏู…ูˆู‡ ู„ู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุงู†ู…ุง ุชู‚ุฏู…ูˆู‡ ู„ูŠ \ ู„ุงู†ูุณูƒู… "
01:03
Now I was pretty psyched.
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ู…ุชู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
01:05
I was very eager to be useful in the world --
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠ ุงุตุฑุงุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ุงู† ุงุตุจุญ ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ู…ููŠุฏุงู‹ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
01:07
I think we all have that feeling.
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู†ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนุง ู†ู…ู„ูƒ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฑุบุจุฉ
01:09
And also, it was kind of interesting that God needed help.
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงูŠุถุงู‹ ุณุนูŠุฏุฉ ุจูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุนุจุงุฏู‡ ุฅุนุงู†ุฉ ุนุจุงุฏู‡ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†
01:11
That was news to me,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑูŒ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ .. ุงุฐ ูƒู†ุช ุงุธู† ุงู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุณุงุนุฏู‡ู… ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู
01:13
and it felt like it was a very important thing to get to participate in.
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ูˆุดุนุฑุช ุงู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ุงู† ุงู†ุฎุฑุท ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ู‡ุงู…
01:15
But I also learned very soon thereafter
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ูˆุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ูˆุฌูŠุฒุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู†
01:17
that Jesus also said, and I'm paraphrasing,
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ุนู„ู…ุช ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญ ู‚ุงู„ .. ูˆุงู†ุง ุงู‚ุชุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง
01:19
the poor would always be with us.
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ุงู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุณูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹ ู…ุนูŠ ..
01:21
This frustrated and confused me;
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงุตุงุจู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ุงุญุจุงุท .. ูˆุงู„ุชุดูˆูŠุด
01:23
I felt like I had been just given a homework assignment
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ู„ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุดุนุฑุช ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงู„ูƒ ูˆุงุฌุจ ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุนู„ูŠ
01:25
that I had to do, and I was excited to do,
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ูˆุงู†ู‡ ูŠุชูˆุฌุจ ุงู† ุงู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ .. ูˆูƒู†ุช ู…ุชุญู…ุณุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
01:27
but no matter what I would do, I would fail.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู…ู‡ู…ุง ู‚ุฏู…ุช ู…ู† ุนู…ู„ ู„ุงุชู…ุงู… ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆุงุฌุจ .. ูุงู†ู†ูŠ ุณูˆู ุงูุดู„
01:30
So I felt confused, a little bit frustrated and angry,
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ู„ุฐุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ุชุดูˆูŠุด .. ูˆุงู„ุงุญุจุงุท .. ูˆุงู„ุบุถุจ
01:33
like maybe I'd misunderstood something here.
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ูƒู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุงุณุฃุช ูู‡ู… ุดูŠุฆ ู‡ู†ุง
01:35
And I felt overwhelmed.
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ูˆุดุนุฑุช ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู…ุบู…ูˆุฑุฉ ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ - ุงู„ุบุถุจ ูˆุงู„ุงุญุจุงุท -
01:37
And for the first time,
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ูˆู„ู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู‰
01:39
I began to fear this group of people
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ุจุฏุฃุช ุงุฎุงู ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุชู„ูƒ - ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก -
01:41
and to feel negative emotion towards a whole group of people.
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ูˆุจุฏุฃุช ุงุดุนุฑ ุจู…ุดุงุนุฑ ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ ุชุฌุงู‡ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุดุฑ
01:44
I imagined in my head, a kind of long line of individuals
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงุชุฎูŠู„ ููŠ ุฑุฃุณูŠ ุตู ุทูˆูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ูŠุทู„ุจูˆู† ุงู„ุนูˆู†
01:47
that were never going away, that would always be with us.
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ูˆู„ุง ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุตู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุทู„ุงู‚ .. ูˆุณูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ู…ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุจุฏ
01:49
They were always going to ask me to help them and give them things,
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ูˆูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู„ุง ูŠู†ูƒูุฃ ูŠุทู„ุจ ู…ู†ูŠ ุงุดูŠุงุกุงู‹ ู„ูƒูŠ ุฃู‡ุจู‡ุง ู„ู‡ู…
01:52
which I was excited to do,
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ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูƒู†ุช ู…ุชุญู…ุณุฉ ู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡
01:54
but I didn't know how it was going to work.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ูŠ ู„ู… ุงูƒู† ุงุนุฑู ุงู„ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ูƒู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนู…ู„
01:56
And I didn't know what would happen when I ran out of things to give,
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ูˆู„ู… ุงูƒู† ุงุนู„ู… ู…ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠ ูุนู„ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู†ูุฏ ู…ู†ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ุงู‡ุจู‡ุง ..
02:01
especially if the problem was never going away.
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ุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู† ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹
02:03
In the years following,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ
02:05
the other stories I heard about the poor growing up
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ุจุฏุฃุช ุงุณู…ุน ู‚ุตุต ุฃูุฎุฑู‰ ุนู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู†ุง ุงูƒุจุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ
02:07
were no more positive.
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ูˆู„ู… ุชูƒู† ุงูŠุฌุงุจูŠุฉ ุงูƒุซุฑ
02:09
For example, I saw pictures and images
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ูุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ .. ุฑุงูŠุช ุตูˆุฑุงู‹ ูˆู…ุดุงู‡ุฏ
02:12
frequently of sadness and suffering.
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ุนู† ุงู„ุงุณู‰ ูˆุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ
02:14
I heard about things that were going wrong in the lives of the poor.
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ูˆุณู…ุนุช ุนู† ุงุดูŠุงุก ุชุญุฏุซ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุณูŠุฆุฉ ููŠ ุธุฑูˆู ู…ุนูŠุดุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
02:17
I heard about disease, I heard about war --
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงุณู…ุน ุนู† ุงู„ุญุฑูˆุจ .. ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุฑุงุถ
02:19
they always seemed to be kind of related.
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹ ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ ุจุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
02:21
And in general,
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ูˆุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนุงู…ุฉ
02:23
I got this sort of idea
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ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุชุดูƒู„ ู„ุฏูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ
02:25
that the poor in the world lived lives
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ุงู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
02:27
that were wrought with suffering and sadness,
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ูƒุชุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุญุฒู†
02:29
devastation, hopelessness.
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ูˆุงู„ุฏู…ุงุฑ ูˆูู‚ุฏุงู† ุงู„ุงู…ู„ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ุฏุฑู‡ู… !
02:32
And after a while, I developed what I think many of us do,
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู† .. ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุชุดูƒู„ ู„ุฏูŠ ููƒุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุง ู„ุฏู‰ ู…ุนุธู…ู†ุง
02:34
is this predictable response,
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ุงู† ุดุนูˆุฑูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุดุนูˆุฑ ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน
02:36
where I started to feel bad every time I heard about them.
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ู„ุงู†ู†ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุงุณู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุณู…ุนุช ู‚ุตุตู‡ู…
02:39
I started to feel guilty for my own relative wealth,
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุฐู†ุจ ุจุณุจุจ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุงู„ ู…ุนูŠ
02:42
because I wasn't doing more, apparently, to make things better.
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ูˆู„ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู„ู… ุงูƒู† ุงู†ูˆูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุงู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ู„ุชุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุถุน
02:45
And I even felt a sense of shame because of that.
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ูุงู†ู†ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุฎุฒูŠ ุฌุฑุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ
02:48
And so naturally,
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ูˆุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ
02:50
I started to distance myself.
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ุจุช ุฃุญุงูˆู„ ุงู† ุงุจุนุฏ ู†ูุณูŠ
02:52
I stopped listening to their stories
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ูˆุจุฏุฃุช ุฃุฑูุถ ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน ู„ู‚ุตุตู‡ู…
02:54
quite as closely as I had before.
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ูƒู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุงุณุชู…ุน ุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุจุงุฏู‰ุก ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ
02:56
And I stopped expecting things to really change.
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ูˆุจุฏุฃุช ุงุชูˆู‚ู ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุจุฃู† ุงู„ูˆุถุน ู‚ุฏ ูŠุฎุชู„ู ู„ู„ุงูุถู„
02:59
Now I still gave -- on the outside it looked like I was still quite involved.
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ูƒู†ุช ู…ุงุฒู„ุช ุงู‡ุจ ุจุนุถุงู‹ ู…ู…ุง ุงู…ู„ูƒ .. ูˆูƒุงู† ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุนู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฒู„ุช ู…ู†ุฎุฑุทุฉ ุจู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
03:02
I gave of my time and my money,
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ู„ุงู†ู†ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุงู‚ุฏู… ุฌุฒุกุง ู…ู† ู…ุงู„ูŠ ูˆูˆู‚ุชูŠ
03:04
I gave when solutions were on sale.
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงุชุจุฑุน ุจุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ุงุช
03:06
The cost of a cup of coffee can save a child's life, right.
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู†ุต ุนู„ู‰ ุงู† ุณุนุฑ ูู†ุฌุงู† ู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ู‚ุฏ ูŠู†ู‚ุฐู ุทูู„ุงู‹
03:08
I mean who can argue with that?
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ุงุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ ุงู† ูŠุฑูุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุŸ
03:10
I gave when I was cornered, when it was difficult to avoid
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ูƒู†ุช ุฃุนุทูŠ \ ุฃู‡ุจ ูุญุณุจ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงุตู„ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ูŠุตุนุจ ุนู„ูŠ ุงุบู…ุงุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠ ุนู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ
03:13
and I gave, in general, when the negative emotions built up enough
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฃุนุทูŠ \ ุฃุฎุฑุฌ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุนุฑ ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุชุฑุงูƒู… ููŠ ู†ูุณูŠ
03:16
that I gave to relieve my own suffering,
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ูƒู†ุช ุงุฎุฑุฌ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุงุดุนุฑ ุจู‡ุง ุงู†ุง
03:18
not someone else's.
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ู„ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู…ุญุชุงุฌ ูุนู„ุงู‹
03:20
The truth be told, I was giving out of that place,
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ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ุงูƒูˆู† ุตุงุฏู‚ุฉ ู…ุนูƒู… .. ูƒู†ุช ุฃู‡ุจ
03:23
not out of a genuine place of hope
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุณุจุจ .. ู„ุง ู„ูƒุฑู…ูŠ .. ุงูˆ ู„ุงู…ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุณูŠู† ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู
03:26
and excitement to help and of generosity.
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ุงูˆ ู„ุณุนุงุฏุชูŠ ุจุงู„ุณุฎุงุก ูˆุงู„ุงุนุทุงุก
03:28
It became a transaction for me,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุตูู‚ุฉ
03:30
became sort of a trade.
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ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุฉ
03:32
I was purchasing something --
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ูƒู…ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุช ุงุดุชุฑูŠ ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ู…ุง
03:34
I was buying my right to go on with my day
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ูƒู†ุช ุงุดุชุฑูŠ ุญู‚ูŠ ุจุฃู† ุงุณุชู…ุฑ ุจูŠูˆู…ูŠ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฐู†ุจ
03:37
and not necessarily be bothered by this bad news.
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ูˆุจุฏูˆู† ุงู† ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุงุณู‰ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุฎุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุณูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุตู„ ุงู„ูŠ
03:40
And I think the way that we go through that sometimes
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุถูŠ ู‚ุฏู…ุง
03:43
can, first of all,
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ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ
03:45
disembody a group of people, individuals out there in the world.
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ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุนุฒู„ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
03:48
And it can also turn into a commodity,
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ูˆุชุณู„ูŠุนู‡ู… .. ูˆุงุนุชุจุงุฑู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ู…ุงุฏูŠ
03:50
which is a very scary thing.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู…ุฑูŒ ู…ุฎูŠู ุฌุฏุงู‹
03:52
So as I did this, and as I think many of us do this,
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงู‚ูˆู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ .. ูƒู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†ุง ุจู‡ ( ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูŠุถุฉ )
03:55
we kind of buy our distance,
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ูู†ุญู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุดุชุฑูŠ ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุชุจุนุฏู†ุง ุนู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ
03:57
we kind of buy our right to go on with our day.
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ูˆู†ุดุชุฑูŠ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ุงู„ุญู‚ ุจุงู„ุณูŠุฑ ููŠ ูŠูˆู…ู†ุง ุฏูˆู† ุงูŠ ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุฐู†ุจ
03:59
I think that exchange can actually get in the way of the very thing that we want most.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูŠุถุฉ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุงู† ุชู‚ู ููŠ ูˆุฌู‡ ู…ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏู‡ ุญู‚ุงู‹
04:02
It can get in the way of our desire
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ุชู‚ู ููŠ ูˆุฌู‡ ุฑุบุจุชู†ุง
04:04
to really be meaningful and useful in another person's life
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ู„ุงู† ู†ูƒูˆู† ุญู‚ุงู‹ ู…ููŠุฏูŠู† ูˆู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†
04:07
and, in short to love.
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ูˆุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ .. ุชู‚ู ููŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุญุจ
04:10
Thankfully, a few years ago, things shifted for me
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ูˆู„ุญุณู† ุงู„ุญุธ ุชุบูŠุฑุช ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุญู‚ุงู‹
04:12
because I heard this gentleman speak, Dr. Muhammad Yunus.
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ูู‚ุฏ ุณู…ุนุช ุญุฏูŠุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุน " ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ูŠูˆู†ุณ "
04:15
I know many in the room probably know exactly who he is,
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ุฃุนูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฉ ูŠุนู„ู…ูˆู† ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ
04:18
but to give the shorthand version
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ูƒูŠ ุงุนุทูŠ ู„ู…ุญุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ุนู†ู‡ ..
04:20
for any who have not heard him speak,
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ู„ู…ู† ู„ู… ูŠุณู…ุนูˆุง ุนู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุฐูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ..
04:22
Dr. Yunus won the Nobel Peace Prize a few years ago
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ุงู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูŠูˆู†ุณ .. ู‚ุฏ ู…ูู†ุญ ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ู†ูˆุจู„ ู„ู„ุณู„ุงู… ู…ู†ุฐ ุจุถุน ุณู†ูˆุงุช
04:24
for his work pioneering modern microfinance.
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ุจุณุจุจ ุนู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ู†ุญ ุงู„ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ู„ู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
04:27
When I heard him speak, it was three years before that.
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ุณู…ุนุช ุฎุทุงุจู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุญุตูˆู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงุฆุฒุฉ ุจุซู„ุงุซ ุณู†ูˆุงุช
04:30
But basically, microfinance -- if this is new to you as well --
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ุงู† ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ .. ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ..
04:33
think of that as financial services for the poor.
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฎุฏู…ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
04:35
Think of all the things you get at your bank
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ุชุตูˆุฑูˆุง ูƒู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฎุฏู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ
04:37
and imagine those products and services
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ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู†ูƒ ..
04:39
tailored to the needs of someone living on a few dollars a day.
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ูŠุชู… ุดุญู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงุดุฎุงุต ูŠุนูŠุดูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูŠูˆู…ูŠุงู‹
04:41
Dr. Yunus shared his story,
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ุงู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูŠูˆู†ุณ ุดุงุฑูƒ ุจู‚ุตุชู‡ ุชู„ูƒ
04:43
explaining what that was,
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ูˆุดุฑุญ ูƒูŠู ู‚ุงู… ุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ
04:45
and what he had done with his Grameen Bank.
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ุจู†ูƒ " ุฌุฑุงู…ูŠู† "
04:47
He also talked about, in particular, microlending,
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ูˆุชุญุฏุซ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุงู‚ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุท
04:49
which is a tiny loan
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‚ุฑุถ ุฐุง ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
04:51
that could help someone start or grow a business.
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ูŠุณู…ุญ ู„ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุจุฃู† ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุฅู†ุดุงุก ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุตุบูŠุฑ
04:53
Now, when I heard him speak, it was exciting for a number of reasons.
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงุณุชู…ุนุช ู„ู‡ ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุชุญุฏุซ .. ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ุญู…ุงุณ ู„ุนุฏุฉ ุงุณุจุงุจ
04:56
First and foremost, I learned about this new method of change in the world
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ุฃูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุฃู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู† ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ
04:59
that, for once, showed me, maybe,
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ูˆู„ุงูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ .. ุฑุฃูŠุช ุจุฃู… ุนูŠู†ูŠ .. ุงู†ู‡ ูŠูƒู…ู† ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุง
05:01
a way to interact with someone
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ุงู† ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุดุฎุต ุขุฎุฑ ..
05:03
and to give, to share of a resource in a way that wasn't weird
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ู„ูƒูŠ ุชุนุทูŠ .. ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ุชุดุงุฑูƒ ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ุชู…ู„ูƒู‡ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ
05:05
and didn't make me feel bad --
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ูˆู„ุง ุชุฌุนู„ู†ูŠ ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุณูŠุฆุฉ
05:08
that was exciting.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุซูŠุฑุงู‹ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ู„ู†ุง
05:10
But more importantly, he told stories about the poor
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุงู‡ู… .. ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ูŠุดุงุฑูƒู†ุง ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
05:13
that were different than any stories I had heard before.
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุนู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณู…ุนุชู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„
05:15
In fact, those individuals he talked about who were poor was sort of a side note.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู†ู…ุงุฐุฌ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู†ู‡ุง .. ุชุนุฑุถ ุฌุงู†ุจุงู‹ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุต
05:19
He was talking about strong, smart,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ูŠุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงุดุฎุงุต ุงู‚ูˆูŠุงุก .. ูˆุงุฐูƒูŠุงุก
05:21
hardworking entrepreneurs who woke up every day
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ูˆุงูƒูุงุก .. ูˆุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู† .. ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู† ุจุฌุฏ ูƒู„ ูŠูˆู…
05:24
and were doing things to make their lives and their family's lives better.
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ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ุชุญุณูŠู† ูˆุถุนู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุดูŠ ูˆูˆุถุน ุนุงุฆู„ุงุชู‡ู…
05:27
All they needed to do that more quickly and to do it better
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ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุงู„ูŠู‡ .. ู‡ูˆ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชุฌุนู„ู‡ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงุณุฑุน ูˆุงูุถู„
05:30
was a little bit of capital.
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ุจู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุฑุฃุณ ุงู„ู…ุงู„
05:32
It was an amazing sort of insight for me.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ
05:34
And I, in fact, was so deeply moved by this --
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ู‚ุฏ ุชุฃุซุฑุช ุจู‡ุฐุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹
05:36
it's hard to express now how much that affected me --
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ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุตุนุจ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุดุฑุญ ูƒู… ุฃุซุฑ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ู†ูุณูŠ
05:39
but I was so moved that I actually quit my job a few weeks later,
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ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ู‚ูˆูŠุงู‹ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ูŠ ุชุฑูƒุช ุนู…ู„ูŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุจุถุน ุงุณุงุจูŠุน
05:42
and I moved to East Africa
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ูˆุงู†ุชู‚ู„ุช ุงู„ู‰ ุดุฑู‚ ุงูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง
05:44
to try to see for myself what this was about.
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ูˆุญุงูˆู„ุช ุฃู† ุฃุฑู‰ ุจู†ูุณูŠ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ
05:46
For the first time, actually, in a long time
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ูˆู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃูˆู„ู‰ .. ู…ู†ุฐ ูˆู‚ุช ุทูˆูŠู„
05:48
I wanted to meet those individuals, I wanted to meet these entrepreneurs,
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ุฃุฑุฏุช ุฃู† ุงู‚ุงุจู„ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงูุฑุงุฏ .. ูˆุงู† ุงู‚ุงุจู„ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู†
05:51
and see for myself what their lives were actually about.
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ูˆุงู† ุฃุฑู‰ ุจู†ูุณูŠ ูƒูŠู ูŠุนูŠุด ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต
05:54
So I spent three months in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania
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ู„ุฐุง ู‚ุถูŠุช 3 ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ููŠ ูƒูŠู†ูŠุง .. ูˆุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง .. ูˆุชู†ุฒุงู†ูŠุง
05:57
interviewing entrepreneurs that had received 100 dollars
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ุฃู‚ุงุจู„ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู† .. ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุชู‚ุงุถูˆุง 100 ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
05:59
to start or grow a business.
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ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุจุฏุฃูˆุง ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุนู‡ู… ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ
06:01
And in fact, through those interactions,
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ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูˆุงุตู„
06:03
for the first time, I was starting to get to be friends
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ุจุฏุฃุช ุงูƒูˆู‘ู† ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุฏุงู‚ุงุช
06:05
with some of those people in that big amorphous group out there
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ู…ุน ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู†ุชู…ูˆู† ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ - ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก -
06:08
that was supposed to be far away.
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุจุนูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุนู†ุง
06:11
I was starting to be friends and get to know their personal stories.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุจุฏุฃุช ุงูƒูˆู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุตุฏุงู‚ุงุช .. ูˆุจุฏุฃุช ุงุณุชู…ุน ู„ู‚ุตุต ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู…
06:14
And over and over again,
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ูˆู…ุฑุฉ ุชู„ูˆ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑู‰
06:16
as I interviewed them and spent my days with them,
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ูˆูƒู„ู…ุง ู‚ุงุจู„ุช ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต .. ูˆู‚ุถูŠุช ุฃูŠุงู…ุงู‹ ู…ุน ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต
06:18
I did hear stories of life change
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ูˆุงู†ุง ุงุณุชู…ุน ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุนู† ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑุช ุฌุฑุงุก ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
06:20
and amazing little details of change.
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ูˆุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุชุฌุช ุฌุฑุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑ
06:22
So I would hear from goat herders
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ูƒู†ุช ุฃุณุนุฏ ุจุฐู„ูƒ .. ุญูŠุซ ูƒู†ุช ุงุณุชู…ุน ู„ู‚ุตุต ู„ุฑุนุงุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุนุฒ
06:24
who had used that money that they had received to buy a few more goats.
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ูƒูŠู ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุงู„ ู„ุดุฑุงุก ุงุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุนุฒ
06:27
Their business trajectory would change.
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ูˆูƒูŠู ุบูŠุฑ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู† ู…ุณุงุฑ ุนู…ู„ู‡ู… ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ
06:29
They would make a little bit more money;
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ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฏุฎูˆู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠ
06:31
their standard of living
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ูˆูƒูŠู ุงุฏู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‰ ุชุบูŠุฑ
06:33
would shift and would get better.
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ู…ุณุชูˆุงู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุดูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงูุถู„
06:35
And they would make really interesting little adjustments in their lives,
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ูˆูƒูŠู ุงุถุงู ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ู„ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู… ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠุฉ
06:38
like they would start to send their children to school.
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ูƒุฃู† ูŠุจุฏุคูˆุง ุจุฅุฑุณุงู„ ุงุทูุงู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ
06:40
They might be able to buy mosquito nets.
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ุงูˆ ุงู† ูŠุดุชุฑูˆุง ุดุจูƒุงุช ูˆู‚ุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุนูˆุถ
06:42
Maybe they could afford a lock for the door and feel secure.
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ุงูˆ ุดุฑุงุก ู‚ูู„ ู„ุจุงุจ ู…ู†ุฒู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ .. ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ุงู…ุงู†
06:45
Maybe it was just that they could put sugar in their tea
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ุงูˆ ุงู† ูŠุณุชุทูŠุนูˆุง ุงู† ูŠู‚ุฏู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุดุงูŠ
06:47
and offer that to me when I came as their guest
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠู‚ุฏู…ูˆู†ู‡ ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุงุฒูˆุฑู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ู†ุงุฒู„ู‡ู…
06:49
and that made them feel proud.
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ู…ู…ุง ูŠุฌุนู„ู‡ู… ูŠุดุนุฑูˆู† ุจุงู„ูุฎุฑ
06:51
But there were these beautiful details, even if I talked to 20 goat herders in a row,
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุทููŠูุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ .. ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† 20 ุฒูˆุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุนุฒ ูุญุณุจ
06:54
and some days that's what happened --
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ู„ุงู† ูŠูˆู…ุงู‹ ู…ุง .. ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฑูˆุคุณ - ุฑุคูˆุณ ุงู„ู…ุงุนุฒ -
06:56
these beautiful details of life change
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ุณูˆู ุชุบูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู… .. ูˆู…ู† ุชูุงุตูŠู„ู‡ุง
06:58
that were meaningful to them.
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ูˆูƒุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ู…
07:00
That was another thing that really touched me.
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงู„ูƒ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ุฃุซุฑ ููŠ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰
07:02
It was really humbling to see for the first time,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ุฎุฒูŠ ู„ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุฑู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู‰
07:04
to really understand
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ูˆุฃู† ุงูู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ..
07:06
that even if I could have taken a magic wand and fixed everything,
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ูˆุงู† ูƒู†ุช ุงู…ู„ูƒ ุนุตู‰ ุณุญุฑูŠุฉ ุณูˆู ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุญู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„
07:09
I probably would have gotten a lot wrong.
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ูุงู†ู†ูŠ ุณูˆู ุงู‚ูˆู… ุจุญู„ู‡ุง ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ
07:11
Because the best way for people to change their lives
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ู„ุงู† ุงูุถู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุณุงุนุฏ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ู„ุชุบูŠุฑ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู…
07:14
is for them to have control and to do that in a way that they believe is best for them.
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุธุฑูˆู ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู… ูˆุชุทูˆูŠุฑู‡ุง ุจุงู„ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฑูˆู†ู‡ ู…ู†ุงุณุจ
07:17
So I saw that and it was very humbling.
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ูˆู„ู‚ุฏ ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ุฎุฒูŠ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ู„ุงู†ูŠ ูู‡ู…ุช ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุคุฎุฑุงู‹
07:20
Anyway, another interesting thing happened while I was there.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ
07:23
I never once was asked for a donation,
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ู„ู… ุฃุฌุฏ ุฃูŠ ุดุฎุต ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูŠุทู„ุจ " ู‡ุจุฉ "
07:26
which had kind of been my mode, right.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑูŒ ุบุฑูŠุจ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
07:28
There's poverty, you give money to help --
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ูุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฏู‚ุน .. ูˆุงู†ุช ุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ูƒูŠ ุชุณุงุนุฏ
07:30
no one asked me for a donation.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ู… ูŠุทู„ุจ ุฃุญุฏุงู‹ ุงูŠ ุดูŠุก ู…ู†ู‡
07:32
In fact, no one wanted me to feel bad for them at all.
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ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ู„ู… ูŠุณุชุนุทููŠ ุงุญุฏูŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ .. ูˆู„ู… ูŠุฑุฏ ุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู† ุงุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุดูู‚ุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡
07:35
If anything, they just wanted to be able to do more of what they were doing already
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ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ูŠุฑูŠุฏู‡ ุงูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ู‡ูˆ ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ุงุนู…ุงู„ู‡ู…
07:37
and to build on their own capabilities.
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ูˆุงู† ูŠุทูˆุฑูˆู‡ุง ุชุจุนุงู‹ ู„ู‚ุฏุฑุงุชู‡ู… ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ
07:39
So what I did hear, once in a while,
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ูˆู…ุง ู‚ู…ุช ุจู‡ .. ู‡ู†ุง
07:41
was that people wanted a loan --
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ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู‚ู…ุช ุจุงุนุทุงุก ุงู„ู‚ุฑูˆุถ
07:43
I thought that sounded very reasonable and really exciting.
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ู„ู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุจุฏุช ุงููƒุงุฑู‡ู… ู…ู‚ู†ุนุฉ ูˆู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ
07:46
And by the way, I was a philosophy and poetry major in school,
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ูˆุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ุงู†ุง ู…ุชุฎุตุตุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูู„ุณูุฉ ูˆุงู„ุดุนุฑ
07:49
so I didn't know the difference between profit and revenue when I went to East Africa.
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ูˆู„ูƒ ุงูู‚ู‡ ุงูŠ ุดูŠุก ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฐู‡ุจุช ุงู„ู‰ ุดุฑู‚ ุงูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ููŠู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู…ูู‡ูˆู… ( ุงู„ู…ู†ูุนุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ูุฉ )
07:52
I just got this impression that the money would work.
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ูƒู†ุช ุงุธู† ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ูŠูƒููŠ ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุฌู„ุจ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ูุญุณุจ ..
07:55
And my introduction to business
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู…ู‚ุงุฑุจุชูŠ ู„ู„ุญู„ ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ
07:57
was in these $100 little infuses of capital.
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ุชู‚ุฏูŠู… 100 $ ูƒุฑุฃุณ ู…ุงู„ ู„ู„ุจุฏุก ููŠ ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู…ุง
08:00
And I learned about profit and revenue, about leverage, all sorts of things,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุนู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ( ุงู„ู…ู†ูุนุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ูุฉ ) .. ูˆุนู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชุงุฌูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ูุนุงู„ูŠุฉ .. ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูุงู‡ูŠู…
08:03
from farmers, from seamstresses, from goat herders.
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฒุงุฑุนูŠู† .. ูˆู…ู† ุฑุนุงุฉ ุงู„ุงุบู†ุงู… .. ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุฎูŠุงุทูŠู†
08:06
So this idea
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ุฅุฐุง ููƒุฑุฉ
08:08
that these new stories of business and hope
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ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุนู† ุงู„ุงุนู…ุงู„ .. ูˆุงู„ุขู…ุงู„
08:11
might be shared with my friends and family,
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
08:13
and through that, maybe we could get some of the money that they needed
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุฌู…ุน ู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู†ู‡
08:17
to be able to continue their businesses as loans,
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ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุณุชู…ุฑูˆุง ููŠ ุงุนู…ุงู„ู‡ู… ..ุนุจุฑ ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ุงู„ู…ุงู„
08:20
that's this little idea that turned into Kiva.
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ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ .. ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุงุทู„ู‚ุช ู…ูˆู‚ุน " ูƒูŠูุง "
08:22
A few months later, I went back to Uganda
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ูˆุจุนุฏ ุนุฏุฉ ุดู‡ูˆุฑ .. ุนุฏุช ุงู„ู‰ ุงูˆุบู†ุฏุง
08:24
with a digital camera and a basic website
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ู…ุน ูƒู…ูŠุฑุฉ ุชุตูˆูŠุฑ ุฑู‚ู…ูŠุฉ .. ูˆ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ
08:27
that my partner, Matthew, and I had kind of built,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‚ู…ุช ุจุจู†ุงุฆู‡ ุงู†ุง ูˆุดุฑูŠูƒูŠ " ู…ุงุซูŠูˆ "
08:29
and took pictures of seven of my new friends,
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ูˆุงุฎุฐุช ุตูˆุฑุงู‹ ู„ุณุจุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุฆูŠ
08:32
posted their stories, these stories of entrepreneurship, up on the website,
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ูˆู‚ู…ุช ุจู†ุดุฑ ู‚ุตุตู‡ู… .. ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠุฉ .. ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน
08:36
spammed friends and family and said, "We think this is legal.
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ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุฅุฎุทุงุฑ ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุฆู†ุง ..ูˆุงูุฑุงุฏ ุนุงุฆู„ุชู†ุง .. ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ู‡ู… ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ูŠ
08:38
Haven't heard back yet from SEC on all the details,
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู„ู… ู†ูˆุซู‚ ุจุนุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ุงู„ุชุจุงุฏู„ ูˆุงู„ุงู…ู† ุงู„ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ
08:41
but do you say, do you want to help participate in this,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ู„ ุชุฑูŠุฏูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุงุดุชุฑุงูƒ ู…ุนู†ุง
08:43
provide the money that they need?"
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ูˆูุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุญุชุงุฌู‡ ุŸ
08:45
The money came in basically overnight.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ
08:47
We sent it over to Uganda.
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ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุงุฑุณุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ู‰ ุฃูˆุบู†ุฏุง
08:49
And over the next six months, a beautiful thing happened;
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ูˆุฎู„ุงู„ ุณุชุฉ ุงุดู‡ุฑ ุญุฏุซ ุงู…ุฑูŒ ุฑุงุฆุน
08:51
the entrepreneurs received the money,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุญุตู„ ุงูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู† \ ุงู„ู…ุจุงุฏุฑูˆู† .. ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุงู„
08:53
they were paid, and their businesses, in fact, grew,
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุนู‡ู… .. ูˆู‚ุฏ ู†ู…ุช ุจุงู„ูุนู„
08:56
and they were able to support themselves
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ูˆูƒุงู†ูˆุง ู‚ุงุฏุฑูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุนุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ูุณู‡ู…
08:58
and change the trajectory of their lives.
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ูˆุงู† ูŠุบูŠุฑูˆุง ู†ู…ุท ุญูŠุงุชู‡ู…
09:01
In October of '05,
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ูˆููŠ ุงูƒุชูˆุจุฑ ู…ู† ุนุงู… 2005
09:03
after those first seven loans were paid,
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ุจุนุฏ ุงู† ุชู… ุงุณุชุฑุฏุงุฏ ุณุจุนุฉ ู‚ุฑูˆุถ
09:05
Matt and I took the word beta off of the site.
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ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุงุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ู†ุณุฎุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน
09:07
We said, "Our little experiment has been a success.
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ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู†ุง ูˆู…ุงุช .. ู„ู‚ุฏ ู†ุฌุญุช ุชุฌุฑุจุชู†ุง
09:09
Let's start for real." That was our official launch.
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ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู† ู†ูˆุณุน ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุงู† .. ูˆู†ุทู„ู‚ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
09:12
And then that first year, October '05 through '06,
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุงู„ุงูˆู„ .. ู…ู†ุฐ ุงูƒุชูˆุจุฑ 2005 ุงู„ู‰ 2006
09:14
Kiva facilitated $500,000 in loans.
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ุญุตุฏ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูƒูŠูุง .. 500ุŒ000 ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ .. ุจู‡ุฏู ุงุนุทุงุฆู‡ุง ูƒู‚ุฑูˆุถ
09:17
The second year, it was a total of 15 million.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ 15 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
09:20
The third year, the total was up to around 40.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ู‚ุงุฑุจู†ุง ุงู„40 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
09:22
The fourth year, we were just short of 100.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ .. ูƒู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุฏ ุจุณูŠุท ู…ู† ุงู„100 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
09:24
And today, less than five years in,
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ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู… .. ูˆููŠ ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณ ุณู†ูˆุงุช
09:26
Kiva's facilitated
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ู‚ุงู…ุช ูƒูŠููŠุง .. ุจุงุนุทุงุก
09:28
more than 150 million dollars, in little 25-dollar bits,
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ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 150 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ .. ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ .. ุจุนุถู‡ุง 25 ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุง ูุญุณุจ
09:31
from lenders and entrepreneurs --
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุจุฑุนูŠู† ุงู„ู‰ ุงูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู†
09:33
more than a million of those, collectively in 200 countries.
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ูˆุงุณุชูุงุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูุฑุฏ .. ููŠ 200 ุฏูˆู„ุฉ
09:35
So that's where Kiva is today, just to bring you right up to the present.
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ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูƒุงู†ุฉ ูƒูŠูุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… .. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู†ุชุงุฌู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
09:38
And while those numbers and those statistics
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ูˆุฑุบู… ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุฑู‚ุงู… ูˆุงู„ุงุญุตุงุฆูŠุงุช ..
09:40
are really fun to talk about and they're interesting,
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู…ุฑูŒ ู…ู…ุชุน ู„ู„ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู†ู‡
09:43
to me, Kiva's really about stories.
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ุงู„ุง ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุงุธู† ุงู† " ูƒูŠูุง " ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุงุณ ุนู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุต
09:46
It's about retelling
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ูˆุนู† ุงุนุงุฏุฉ ุณุฑุฏู‡ุง
09:48
the story of the poor,
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ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก
09:50
and it's about giving ourselves
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ุงู†ู‡ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
09:52
an opportunity to engage
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ูุฑุตุฉ ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุชูˆุงุตู„ .. ูˆู†ุชุดุงุฑูƒ
09:54
that validates their dignity,
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ู…ุนู‡ู… .. ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุถู…ู† ูƒุฑุงู…ุชู‡ู…
09:56
validates a partnership relationship,
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ูˆู†ู‚ุฏุณ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุดุฑุงูƒุฉ ุจูŠู†ู†ุง
09:58
not a relationship that's based
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ู„ูŠุณุช ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงู…ุฉ
10:00
on the traditional sort of donor beneficiary
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ุนู„ู‰ ุงุนุทุงุก ุงู„ู‡ุจุงุช ูˆุงู„ุตุฏู‚ุงุช ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุชู‚ู„ูŠุฏูŠุฉ
10:03
weirdness that can happen.
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ุงูˆ ุงู„ุบุฑุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุญุฏุซ ุจูŠู† " ุงู„ู…ูุนุทูŠ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ "
10:05
But instead a relationship that can promote respect
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฑูˆูŠุฌ ุงู„ุงุญุชุฑุงู…
10:08
and hope
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ูˆุงู„ุงู…ู„
10:10
and this optimism
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ูˆุงู„ุชูุงุฆู„
10:12
that together we can move forward.
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ุจุงู†ู†ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุถูŠ ู‚ุฏู…ุงู‹
10:15
So what I hope is that,
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ูˆุงู†ุง ุฃุฃู…ู„
10:17
not only can the money keep flowing forth through Kiva --
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ู„ุง ุงู† ูŠุณุชู…ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุจุงู„ุชุฏูู‚ ุงู„ู‰ "ูƒูŠูุง "ูุญุณุจ
10:19
that's a very positive and meaningful thing --
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ุจู„ ุฃุฃู…ู„ ุจุดูŠุฆ ุงูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ูˆุฐุง ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงุนู…ู‚ ุงูƒุซุฑ
10:21
but I hope Kiva can blur those lines, like I said,
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ุฃุฃู…ู„ ุงู† ุชุฒูŠู„ "ูƒูŠูุง " ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ุนุฑูŠุถุฉ
10:23
between the traditional rich and poor categories
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชูุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุก ูˆุงู„ุงุบู†ูŠุงุก
10:25
that we're taught to see in the world,
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ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฑุงู‡ุง ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
10:27
this false dichotomy of us and them, have and have not.
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุตู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง ุนู†ู‡ู… .. ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ู„ูƒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุง ูŠู…ู„ูƒ
10:30
I hope that Kiva can blur those lines.
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ุฃุฃู…ู„ ุงู† ุชุณุชุทูŠุน " ูƒูŠูุง " ุงู† ุชุฒูŠู„ ูƒู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ
10:32
Because as that happens,
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ู„ุงู†ู‡ .. ุงู† ุญุฏุซ ุฐู„ูƒ
10:34
I think we can feel free to interact
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ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุชูˆุงุตู„
10:36
in a way that's more open, more just and more creative,
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ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงูƒุซุฑ ุงู†ูุชุงุญุงู‹ .. ูˆุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงูƒุซุฑ ุงุจุฏุงุนุงู‹
10:39
to engage with each other and to help each other.
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุชูˆุงุตู„ ููŠู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู†ุง ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุณุงุนุฏ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ
10:42
Imagine how you feel
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ุชุตูˆุฑ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุดุนูˆุฑูƒ
10:44
when you see somebody on street who is begging
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชู‚ุฏู… ุงู„ูŠูƒ ู…ุญุชุงุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุน
10:47
and you're about to approach them.
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ูˆุงู†ุช ุชู‚ุชุฑุจ ู…ู†ู‡
10:49
Imagine how you feel;
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ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ุดุนูˆุฑูƒ
10:51
and then imagine the difference when you might see somebody
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ุชุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ .. ูˆุจูŠู† ุดุฎุต ุฑุงูŠุชู‡
10:53
who has a story of entrepreneurship and hard work
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ูŠู…ู„ูƒ ู‚ุตุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠ .. ูˆุงู„ู…ุจุงุฏุฑ ูˆุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุดุงู‚
10:56
who wants to tell you about their business.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ูŠุฎุจุฑูƒ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ู‡
10:59
Maybe they're smiling, and they want to talk to you about what they've done.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุจุชุณู… ุฑุจู…ุง .. ูˆูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ูŠุชุฎุจุฑูƒ ู…ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงู†ุฌุฒู‡ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
11:02
Imagine if you're speaking with somebody
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ุชุตูˆุฑ ุงู†ูƒ ุชุชุญุฏุซ ู„ุดุฎุต
11:04
who's growing things and making them flourish,
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ูˆุชุณุงุนุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุทูˆูŠุฑ ุงุนู…ุงู„ู‡ .. ูˆุงุฒุฏู‡ุงุฑู‡ุง
11:07
somebody who's using their talents
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ุดุฎุต ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุชู‡
11:10
to do something productive,
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ู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฃู…ูˆุฑ ู…ู†ุชุฌุฉ ูˆ ู…ููŠุฏุฉ
11:12
somebody who's built their own business from scratch,
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ุดุฎุต ุจู†ู‰ ุนู…ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูุฑ
11:15
someone who is surrounded by abundance,
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ุดุฎุต ู…ุญุงุท ุจุงู„ูˆูุฑุฉ ..
11:17
not scarcity,
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ู„ุง ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุต
11:19
who's in fact creating abundance,
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุดุฎุต ูŠุตู†ุนู ุดูŠุฆุงู‹
11:21
somebody with full hands with something to offer,
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ุดุฎุต ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุฃูŠุฏ ู…ู„ูŠุฆุฉ .. ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุดูŠุกูŒ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ูŠู‚ุฏู…ู‡
11:24
not empty hands
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ู„ุง ูŠู…ู„ูƒ ุงูŠุฏ ุฎุงู„ูŠุฉ ..
11:26
asking for you to give them something.
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ุชุทู„ุจ ุดูŠุฆุงู‹
11:29
Imagine if you could hear a story you didn't expect
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ุชุตูˆุฑ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน ู„ู‚ุตุฉ ู„ุง ุชุชูˆู‚ุนู‡ุง
11:31
of somebody who wakes up every day
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ุนู† ุดุฎุต ูŠุณุชูŠู‚ุธ ูƒู„ ูŠูˆู…
11:33
and works very, very hard to make their life better.
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ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ ุจูƒู„ ูƒุฏ ูˆุชุนุจ .. ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุญุณู† ู…ู† ูˆุถุนู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุดูŠ
11:36
These stories can really change the way that we think about each other.
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ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุงู† ุชุบูŠุฑ ู…ู† ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ูุณู†ุง .. ูˆุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑูŠู†
11:39
And if we can catalyze
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ูˆุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุงู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง
11:41
a supportive community to come around these individuals
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ุงู† ู†ุฌู…ุน ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุงู‹ ูŠุฏุนู… ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงูุฑุงุฏ
11:44
and to participate in their story
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ูˆูŠุดุงุฑูƒ ููŠ ู‚ุตุตู‡ู…
11:46
by lending a little bit of money,
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ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู‚ุฑุงุถู‡ู… ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„
11:48
I think that can change the way we believe in each other
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ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุคู…ู† ุจู‡ุง ุญูŠุงู„ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ
11:50
and each other's potential.
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ูˆุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุงู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง ุงู„ุงุฎุฑูŠู† ..
11:52
Now for me, Kiva is just the beginning.
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ุงู† ูƒูŠููŠุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ .. ู„ูŠุณุช ุจุฏุงูŠุชูŠ .. ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ
11:54
And as I look forward to what is next,
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ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ู„ุงุฑู‰ ู…ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณูŠุญุฏุซ ..
11:56
it's been helpful to reflect on the things I've learned so far.
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ูุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ู…ู† ู…ุฏุงุนุงุฉ ู„ู„ุงู…ู„ .. ุงู† ุงุฎุจุฑูƒู… ุนู† ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
11:59
The first one is, as I mentioned, entrepreneurship was a new idea to me.
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ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูู‡ูˆู…ุงู‹ ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุนู„ูŠ ..
12:02
Kiva borrowers, as I interviewed them and got to know them over the last few years,
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ุงู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุชุฑุถูŠู† ู…ู† "ูƒูŠูุง " ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู‚ุงุจู„ุชู‡ู… ูˆุชุนุฑูุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
12:05
have taught me what entrepreneurship is.
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ุนู„ู…ูˆู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู† ุนุตุงู…ูŠุง ูˆู…ุจุงุฏุฑุงู‹
12:07
And I think, at its core, it's deciding that you want your life to be better.
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชุญุณูŠู† ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุงูุฑุงุฏ .. ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ู†ุญุณู† ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง
12:10
You see an opportunity
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ุญูŠุซ ุชุฑู‰ ูุฑุตุฉ ุณุงู†ุญุฉ ุฃู…ุงู…ูƒ ..
12:12
and you decide what you're going to do to try to seize that.
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ูˆุชู‚ุฑุฑ ุงู†ูƒ ุณูˆู ุชุณุชุบู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ูุฑุตุฉ
12:14
In short, it's deciding that tomorrow can better than today
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ุจุงู„ู…ุฎุชุตุฑ .. ุงู†ู‡ ู‚ุฑุงุฑ ุชุชุฎุฐู‡ ุจู†ูุณูƒ ูŠู†ุต ุนู„ู‰ ุงู† ุงู„ุบุฏ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
12:16
and going after that.
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ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณูŠู„ูŠู‡
12:18
Second thing that I've learned is that loans are a very interesting tool for connectivity.
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ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ .. ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑูˆุถ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ู„ู„ุชูˆุงุตู„
12:21
So they're not a donation.
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ู„ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูŠุณ " ู‡ุจุฉ "
12:23
Yeah, maybe it doesn't sound that much different.
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ุตุญูŠุญ .. ุงู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุงู‹ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹
12:25
But in fact, when you give something to someone
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน .. ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุนุทูŠ ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ู„ุดุฎุต ู…ุง
12:27
and they say, "Thanks," and let you know how things go,
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ " ุดูƒุฑุงู‹ " ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ูƒู…ุง ุงู„ู‰ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡
12:29
that's one thing.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู‡ุจุงุช
12:31
When you lend them money, and they slowly pay you back over time,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชู‚ุฑุถ ุดุฎุตุงู‹ ู…ุง .. ู…ุงู„ุงู‹ ูˆุณูŠุชูˆุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู† ูŠุนูŠุฏู‡ ุงู„ูŠูƒ ุจุงู„ุงู‚ุณุงุท ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุญุฉ
12:34
you have this excuse to have an ongoing dialogue.
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ูุณูŠุชูˆุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงู† ุชุชูˆุงุตู„ ู…ุนู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุญูˆ ุฏุงุฆู…
12:36
This continued attention -- this ongoing attention --
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฏุงุฆู… .. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ
12:38
is a really big deal
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑูŒ ุฑุงุฆุน ุญู‚ุงู‹
12:40
to build different kinds of relationships among us.
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ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุจู†ูŠ ุนุฏุฉ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงูุฑุงุฏ
12:43
And then third, from what I've heard from the entrepreneurs I've gotten to know,
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ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ...ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ .. ุงุณุชู…ุงุนูŠ ู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูŠู† .. ูู„ู‚ุฏ ุชุนู„ู…ุช
12:46
when all else is equal,
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ุงู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชุณุงูˆู‰ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก
12:48
given the option to have just money to do what you need to do,
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ูˆูŠุนุทู‰ ุงู„ูุฑุฏ ุฎูŠุงุฑุงู‹ .. ุจุงู† ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุดุชุฑูŠ ู…ุง ูŠุฑูŠุฏ
12:51
or money plus the support and encouragement
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ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู† ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ุฅู‚ุชุฑุงุถุงู‹ .. ุจุงู„ุงุถุงูุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏุนู… ูˆุงู„ุชุดุฌูŠุน
12:54
of a global community,
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ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ
12:56
people choose the community plus the money.
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ูุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุชุฎุชุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ูˆุงู„ู…ุงู„
12:58
That's a much more meaningful combination, a more powerful combination.
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ู„ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุฐุงุช ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงูƒุจุฑ .. ูˆุฐุงุช ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงูƒุจุฑ
13:01
So with that in mind, this particular incident
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ูˆุจุฑุณูˆุฎ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ููŠ ุนู‚ู„ูŠ .. ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ
13:03
has led to the things that I'm working on now.
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ู‚ุฏ ู‚ุงุฏุชู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงุนู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
13:06
I see entrepreneurs everywhere now, now that I'm tuned into this.
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ูˆุงู†ุง ุงุฑู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู† ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† .. ุงู†ุง ุงู†ูˆูŠ ุงู† ุงุตุจุญ ู…ุซู„ู‡ู… ุฐุงุช ูŠูˆู…
13:08
And one thing that I've seen
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ูˆุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงุฏุฑูƒุชู‡ ุงูŠุถุงู‹
13:10
is there are a lot of supportive communities that already exist in the world.
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ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฌุชุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญูุฒุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุดุฌุนุฉ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
13:12
With social networks,
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ูˆู…ุน ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุดุจูƒุงุช ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ( ููŠุณ ุจูˆูƒ - ุชูˆูŠุชุฑ )
13:14
it's an amazing way, growing the number of people that we all have around us
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ูุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ู„ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุญูˆู„ู†ุง
13:17
in our own supportive communities, rapidly.
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุตู†ุน ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุฏุนู… ูˆุชุญููŠุฒ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ
13:20
And so, as I have been thinking about this,
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง .. ููƒู†ุช ุงููƒุฑ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ
13:22
I've been wondering: how can we engage these supportive communities
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ูˆูƒู†ุช ุงุชุณุงุฆู„ .. ูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุฌุนู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุงุช ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุต
13:25
to catalyze even more entrepreneurial ideas
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ูˆูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุฌู…ุน ุงููƒุงุฑุงู‹ ุนุตุงู…ูŠุฉ ุงูƒุซุฑ
13:27
and to catalyze all of us
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ูˆูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ุฌุชู…ุน ุฌู…ูŠุนู†ุง ู…ุนุงู‹
13:29
to make tomorrow better than today?
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ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุฌุนู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุฏ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุŸ
13:32
As I've researched what's going on in the United States,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุจุญุซ ุงุฌุฑูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุงู…ุฑูŠูƒูŠุฉ
13:34
a few interesting little insights have come up.
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ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุดูŠู‚ุฉ
13:36
So one is that, of course, as we all might expect,
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ุงุญุฏุงู‡ุง .. ูƒู…ุง ู†ุชูˆู‚ุน ุฌู…ูŠุนุงู‹
13:39
many small businesses in the U.S. and all over the world
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ูŠุชู… ุชุฃุณูŠุณู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ูˆุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
13:41
still need money to grow and to do more of what they want to do
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ูˆูƒู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุงู„ ู„ูƒูŠ ุชู†ู…ูˆ .. ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ุชู†ุชุฌ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู…ุง ุชู†ุชุฌู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
13:44
or they might need money during a hard month.
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ูˆุฑุจู…ุง ูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุงู„ ู„ุฅู†ู‚ุงุฐ ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุนู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุนุซุฑุฉ
13:46
But there's always a need for resources close by.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹ ุฑุบุจุฉ ุจู…ุตุฏุฑ ู…ุงู„ูŠ
13:49
Another thing is, it turns out,
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ูˆุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ .. ุชุจูŠู† ุงู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
13:51
those resources don't usually come from the places you might expect --
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ู„ุง ุชุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู†ุชูˆู‚ุนู‡ุง ู…ุซู„
13:54
banks, venture capitalists,
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ุงู„ุจู†ูˆูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณู…ุงู„ูŠู†
13:56
other organizations and support structures --
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ุงูˆ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุนุงุฏุฉ
13:58
they come from friends and family.
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ุจู„ ู‡ูŠ ุชุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
14:00
Some statistics say 85 percent or more of funding for small businesses
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ูˆุชู‚ูˆู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงุญุตุงุฆูŠุงุช ุงู† 85% ู…ู† ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
14:02
comes from friends and family.
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ูŠุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
14:04
That's around 130 billion dollars a year --
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุจุงู„ุบ ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุจู†ุญูˆ 130 ู…ู„ูŠุงุฑ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุณู†ูˆูŠุงู‹
14:06
it's a lot.
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ุงู†ู‡ ุฑู‚ู… ูƒุจูŠุฑ
14:08
And third, so as people are doing this friends and family fundraising process,
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ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ .. ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุทู„ุจ ุงู„ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ .. ุงูˆ ุชุณูŠุฑ ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู…ูˆูŠู„ ุชู„ูƒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุงู‚ุฑุจุงุก
14:11
it's very awkward, people don't know exactly what to ask for,
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ุชู…ุฑ ุจู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ .. ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ู… ู„ุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู† ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู„ุบ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู†ู‡ุง
14:13
how to ask, what to promise in return,
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ูˆูƒูŠู ูŠุทู„ุจูˆู†ู‡ุง .. ูˆูƒู… ู‡ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณุชุนูˆุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู…
14:15
even though they have the best of intentions
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ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠู…ู„ูƒูˆู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทูŠุจุฉ
14:17
and want to thank those people that are supporting them.
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ูˆุงู„ุดูƒุฑ ูˆุงู„ุนุฑูุงู† ู„ุฏุนู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน
14:20
So to harness the power of these supportive communities in a new way
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ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุณุฎุฑ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนุงุช ุงู„ุฏุงุนู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุญูุฒุฉ ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ
14:23
and to allow entrepreneurs to decide for themselves
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ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู† ูŠู‚ุฑุฑูˆู† ุจุฃู†ูุณู‡ู…
14:25
exactly what that financial exchange should look like,
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ูƒู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุจุงู„ุบ .. ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุจุญุซูˆู† ุนู†ู‡ุง
14:27
exactly what fits them and the people around them,
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ูˆู…ุง ูŠู„ุงุฆู…ู‡ู… ูˆุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ู…ู† ุญูˆู„ู‡ู…
14:30
this week actually,
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ุณู†ู‚ูˆู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุณุจูˆุน
14:32
we're quietly doing a launch of Profounder,
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ุจุงุณุชุญุฏุงุซ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุฑูˆ ูุงูˆู†ุฏุฑ "Profounder"
14:34
which is a crowd funding platform for small businesses to raise what they need
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุณูŠุนู…ู„ ู…ุซู„ ู…ู†ุตุฉ ู„ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุงุตูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ู„ุชุฃุณูŠุณ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
14:37
through investments from their friends and family.
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ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑุงุช ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุงุตุฏู‚ุงุก ูˆุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ุฉ
14:39
And it's investments, not donations, not loans,
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑุงุช .. ู„ูŠุณุช ู‡ุจุงุช .. ูˆู„ุง ู‚ุฑูˆุถ
14:41
but investments that have a dynamic return.
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑุงุช ู„ู‡ุง ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ ู…ุชุบูŠุฑุฉ
14:43
So the mapping of participating in the story,
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ูˆูŠุชู… ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠุงู†ูŠุงู‹ .. ูˆูŠุชู… ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ \ ุงู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ
14:45
it actually flows with the up and down.
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ูˆูŠุชุงุจุน ุตุนูˆุฏู‡ ูˆู‡ุจูˆุทู‡
14:47
So in short, it's a do-it-yourself tool
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ุจุงู„ู…ุฎุชุตุฑ .. ุงู†ู‡ุง ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุดุฎุตูŠุฉ ู„ุงู†ุดุงุก
14:50
for small businesses to raise these funds.
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ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ .. ูˆุชุนู‚ุจ ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ
14:52
And what you can do is go onto the site, create a profile,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน .. ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุชู†ุดู‰ุก ุญุณุงุจ
14:55
create investment terms in a really easy way.
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ูˆุงู† ุชุถุน ุดุฑูˆุทุงู‹ ู„ู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุฑูŠุฏู‡ .. ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹
14:57
We make it really, really simple for me
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ุงู†ู‡ ุจุณูŠุท ุฌุฏุงู‹ .. ุจุณูŠุทูŒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ
14:59
as well as anyone else who wants to use the site.
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ูˆูƒู…ุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุณูˆู ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน
15:01
And we allow entrepreneurs to share a percentage of their revenues.
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ุณู†ุณู…ุญ ู„ู„ู…ุจุงุฏุฑูŠู† \ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูŠู† .. ุจุงู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงุฑุจุงุญู‡ู… ..ูˆุนูˆุงุฆุฏู‡ู…
15:03
They can raise up to a million dollars
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ู… ุฌุฑุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู† ูŠุฌู…ุนูˆุง ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุช
15:05
from an unlimited number of unaccredited, unsophisticated investors --
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ู…ู† ุนุฏุฏ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุญุฏูˆุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต .. ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุญุฏุฏ .. ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุตู†ู
15:08
everyday people, heaven forbid --
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ูƒู„ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต
15:10
and they can share those returns over time --
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ู…ู† ู…ุดุงุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ ุชุจุนุงู‹ ู„ู„ุฒู…ู†
15:12
again, whatever terms they set.
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ุจุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฑูŠุฏู‡ุง
15:14
As investors choose to become involved
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠุฎุชุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุซู…ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ูŠู†ุฎุฑุท ุจู‡
15:16
based on those terms,
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ุชุจุนุงู‹ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท
15:18
they can either take their rewards back as cash,
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ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ูŠู…ูƒู†ู‡ู… ุงู† ูŠุญุตู„ูˆุง - ุงู„ู…ุณุชุซู…ุฑูŠู† -ุนู„ู‰ ุนูˆุงุฆุฏู‡ู… ุงู…ุง ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ู‚ุฏูŠุฉ
15:20
or they can decide in advance
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ุงูˆ ุงู†ู‡ู… ูŠู‚ุฑุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุชุดูƒูŠู„ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจ
15:22
to give those returns away to a non-profit.
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ุงู† ุชุนุทู‰ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุคุณุณุงุช ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ุฑุจุญูŠุฉ - ุงู„ุฎูŠุฑูŠุฉ -
15:24
So they can be a cash, or a cause, investor.
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ุงุฐุง .. ุงู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนูˆุงุฆุฏ ู†ู‚ุฏุงู‹ .. ุงูˆ ูŠุชู… ุชูˆุธูŠูู‡ุง ู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ู…ุง
15:27
It's my hope that this kind of tool can show anybody who has an idea
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ุงู†ุง ุฃุฃู…ู„ ุงู† ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ . .ุณุชู…ูƒู† ูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ูŠู…ู„ูƒ ููƒุฑุฉ
15:30
a path to go do what they want to do in the world
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ุงู† ูŠุฑู‰ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุงู‹ ู…ุง . .ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠู†ูุฐู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…
15:32
and to gather the people around them that they already have,
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ูˆุงู† ูŠุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต ุญูˆู„ู‡ . ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆุง ุจุงู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ
15:34
the people that know them best
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ุงู„ุงู†ุณุจ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูƒู„ุง ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู†
15:36
and that love them and want to support them,
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ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุณูˆู ูŠุญุจูˆู† .. ูˆูŠุฏุนู…ูˆู† ุงูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุนุตุงู…ูŠูˆู†
15:38
to gather them to make this happen.
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ูˆูŠุฌุชู…ุนูˆู† ุญูˆู„ู‡ู… .. ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุฌุนู„ูˆู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ .. ูˆูˆุงู‚ุนุงู‹
15:40
So that's what I'm working on now.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุงุนู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
15:42
And to close, I just want to say, look these are tools.
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ูˆู„ูƒูŠ ุงู†ู‡ูŠ ุญุฏูŠุซูŠ .. ุงุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ุงู‚ูˆู„ .. ู„ู†ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆุงุช
15:44
Right now, Profounder's right at the very beginning,
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ุงู„ุงู† .. ุงู† " ุจุฑูˆ ูุงูˆู†ุฏุฑ " ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ูุญุณุจ
15:46
and it's very palpable; it's very clear to me, that it's just a vessel, it's just a tool.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ุญุณูˆุณ .. ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฌุฏุงู‹ .. ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุฃุฏุงุฉ
15:49
What we need are for people to care, to actually go use it,
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ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูŠุฌู…ุน ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงูุฑุงุฏ ู„ู‡ุฏู ูˆุงุญุฏ .... ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุณุชููŠุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุจุนุถู‡ู… ุงู„ุจุนุถ
15:52
just like they've cared enough to use Kiva
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ุงุดุฎุงุต ูŠู‡ุชู…ูˆู† ..ูƒู…ุง ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุณุงุนุฏูˆู†ุง ููŠ ู…ูˆู‚ุน " ูƒูŠูุง "
15:54
to make those connections.
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ูˆุณูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฅู†ุดุงุก ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุทุงุช
15:56
But the good news is I don't think I need to stand here and convince you to care --
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ูˆุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ุงู„ุฌูŠุฏ .. ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ูŠ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุงู† ุงู‚ู†ุนูƒู… ุจุฃู† ุชู‡ุชู…ูˆุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ
15:58
I'm not even going to try.
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ูˆู„ู† ุงุญุงูˆู„ ุฐู„ูƒ
16:00
I don't think, even though we often hear,
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ุญุชู‰ ู„ูˆ ูƒู†ุง - ุงู†ุง ูˆุงู†ุชู… - ู†ุนุฑู
16:02
you know, hear the ethical and moral reasons,
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ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุณุจุงุจ ุงู„ุงุฎู„ุงู‚ูŠุฉ
16:04
the religious reasons,
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ูˆุงู„ุฏูŠู†ูŠุฉ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ..
16:06
"Here's why caring and giving will make you happier."
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ู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุจุจ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ู‡ุชู… ูˆุงู† ู†ุนุทูŠ ู…ู† ุงุฌู„ู‡ .. ุงู† ู†ุตุจุญ ุณุนุฏุงุก ุงูƒุซุฑ
16:09
I don't think we need to be convinced of that. I think we know;
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู†ูŠ ู„ุณุช ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุงู† ุงู‚ู†ุนูƒู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ .. ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู†ุง ู†ุนูŠ ..
16:12
in fact, I think we know so much,
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน .. ุงุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒุงููŠุฉ
16:14
and it's such a reality
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ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ - ุงู„ุณุนุงุฏุฉ ุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉ - ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠุฉ
16:16
that we care so deeply,
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ูˆู†ุญู† ุฌู…ูŠุนุงู‹ ู†ู‡ุชู… ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒุงููŠุฉ
16:18
that in fact, what usually stops us
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ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ .. ุงู†ู†ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนุงู‹ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ู†ุณุงุนุฏ ูˆู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ู†ุชูˆู‚ู ุนู† ุฐู„ูƒ
16:20
is that we're afraid to try and to mess up,
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ู„ุงู†ู†ุง ู†ุฎุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ูุดู„
16:22
because we care so very much about helping each other
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ู„ุงู†ู†ุง ู†ู‡ุชู… ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒุงููŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุงุฎุฑูŠู† .. ูู†ุญู† ู†ุฎุงู ุงู† ู†ูุดู„
16:24
and being meaningful in each other's lives.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุงุณ .. ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ู‡ ุงู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุฉ ูƒู„ ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ
16:27
So what I think I can do today,
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุงูุถู„ ุดูŠุก ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡
16:30
that best thing I can give you --
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ุงูุถู„ ุดูŠุก ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงู‚ุฏู…ู‡ ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
16:32
I've given you my story, which is the best I can do.
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ู‡ูˆ ู…ุงูุนุชู„ู‡ .. ุจุฃู† ุงุฎุจุฑูƒู… ู‚ุตุชูŠ .. ู‡ุฐุง ุงูุถู„ ู…ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡
16:34
And I think I can remind us that we do care.
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู†ูŠ ุชู…ูƒู†ุช ู…ู† ุชุฐูƒูŠุฑูƒู… .. ูƒู… ู†ุญู† ู†ู‡ุชู…
16:37
I think we all already know that.
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุนูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุงุณ
16:39
And I think we know that love is resilient enough
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ูˆุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ุงู„ุญุจ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณู†ู†ุดุฑู‡ ู‡ูˆ ูƒุงู ูˆูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ ุจู…ุง ููŠู‡ ุงู„ูƒูุงูŠุฉ
16:42
for us to get out there and try.
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ู„ูŠุฏูุนู†ุง ุจุงู† ู†ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ .. ูˆู†ุญุงูˆู„
16:45
Just a sec.
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ู„ุญุธุฉ ู…ู† ูุถู„ูƒู…
16:51
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
16:53
Thanks.
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ุดููƒุฑุงู‹
16:55
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
17:05
Thanks.
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ุดููƒุฑุงู‹
17:07
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
17:09
For me, the best way to be inspired to try
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ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ .. ุงูุถู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ูƒูŠ ุฃูู„ู‡ู…
17:12
is to stop and to listen
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ุงุชูˆู‚ู .. ูˆุงู† ุงุณุชู…ุน
17:14
to someone else's story.
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ู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†
17:16
And I'm grateful that I've gotten to do that here at TED.
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ูˆูƒู… ุงู†ุง ู…ู…ุชู†ุฉ ู„ุงุนุทุงุฆูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุฑุตุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุคุชู…ุฑ ุชูŠุฏ
17:19
And I'm grateful that whenever I do that,
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ูˆุงู†ุง ู…ู…ุชู†ุฉ .. ู„ุงู†ู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุณู†ุญุช ู„ูŠ ุงู„ูุฑุตุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุณุชู…ุงุน ู„ู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุงุฎุฑูŠู†
17:22
guaranteed, I am inspired --
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ูุงู† ุดูŠุฆุงู‹ ู…ุง ุณูŠู„ู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ .. ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงูƒูŠุฏุฉ
17:24
I am inspired by the person I am listening to.
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ูˆุดูŠุกูŒ ู…ุง ุณูˆู ูŠูู„ู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชู…ุงุน ู„ู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†
17:27
And I believe more and more every time I listen
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ูˆุงู†ุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูƒู…ุง ุงุณุชู…ุนุช ุงูƒุซุฑ ..
17:30
in that that person's potential to do great things in the world
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ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุงู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ู„ูƒู‡ุง ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุงุดุฎุงุต
17:33
and in my own potential to maybe help.
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ูุงู† ุงู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุชูŠ .. ุณูˆู ุชุณุงุนุฏู‡ู… ุญุชู…ุงู‹
17:36
And that --
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ูˆ ..
17:38
forget the tools, forget the moving around of resources --
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ู„ู†ู†ุณู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฏูˆุงุช .. ูˆู„ู†ู†ุณู‰ ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ..
17:40
that stuff's easy.
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ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงู…ูˆุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณู‡ู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ุง
17:42
Believing in each other,
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุงูŠู…ุงู† ุจุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู†
17:44
really being sure when push comes to shove
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ู‡ูˆ ุฃู…ุฑูŒ ูŠุฌุจ ูุนู„ุงู‹ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ูˆุงู„ูˆุซูˆู‚ ููŠู‡ .. ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู…ุฑูŒ ูŠุฌุนู„ู†ุง ู†ุคู…ู†
17:46
that each one of us can do amazing things in the world,
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ุจุฃู† ู„ูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ุฏูˆุฑูŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุฏูˆุฑู‡ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุน ููŠู‡
17:49
that is what can make our stories into love stories
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ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู† ู†ู‚ุต ู‚ุตุตู†ุง .. ูˆุงู† ู†ุตู†ุน ู‚ุตุตู†ุง .. ุฌุฑุงุก ุงุดุชุฑุงูƒู†ุง ุจู‚ุตุต ุงู„ุญุจ ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู†ูŠ ุชู„ูƒ
17:52
and our collective story
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ุณูˆู ุชู†ู…ูˆ ู‚ุตุต ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง
17:54
into one that continually perpetuates hope
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ุงู„ู‰ ู‚ุตุต ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ ูŠุญุฐูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ุงู…ู„
17:56
and good things for all of us.
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ูˆู‚ุตุต ุชุญูˆูŠ ููˆุงุฆุฏ ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ู„ู†ุง
17:58
So that, this belief in each other,
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ุฅุฐุง .. ุฃู† ู†ุคู…ู† ุจุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู† - ูˆุจู‚ุฏุฑุงุชู‡ู… -
18:00
knowing that without a doubt
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ูˆุงู† ู†ู†ุซู‚ ุจู‡ู… ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ุชุงู…ุฉ
18:02
and practicing that every day in whatever you do,
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ูˆุงู† ู†ุนุชู…ุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฃู…ุฑู ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจู‡ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง
18:04
that's what I believe will change the world and make tomorrow better than today.
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ุงู†ู‡ ุจุญุณุจ ู…ุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ .. ุณูˆู ูŠุฌุนู„ ุนุงู„ู…ู†ุง ุงูุถู„ .. ูˆุณูˆู ูŠุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุบุฏ .. ุงูุถู„ ู„ุงู…ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
18:07
Thank you.
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ุดููƒุฑุงู‹ ุฌุฒูŠู„ุงู‹ ู„ูƒู…
18:09
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

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