Jessica Jackley: Poverty, money -- and love

162,039 views ・ 2010-10-18

TED


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譯者: Adrienne Lin 審譯者: Sherry Yang
00:16
The stories we tell about each other
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我們告訴彼此的故事
00:18
matter very much.
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是很重要的
00:21
The stories we tell ourselves about our own lives matter.
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我們說給自己聽的故事,也很重要
00:24
And most of all,
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而最重要的事
00:26
I think the way that we participate in each other's stories
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我想是我們所參予彼此的故事
00:28
is of deep importance.
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重要性更甚
00:31
I was six years old
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我六歲時
00:33
when I first heard stories about the poor.
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第一次聽到窮人的故事
00:35
Now I didn't hear those stories from the poor themselves,
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我所聽的這些窮人家的故事,並非出自窮人口中
00:37
I heard them from my Sunday school teacher
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這些故事是小時候主日學老師
00:40
and Jesus, kind of via my Sunday school teacher.
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所告訴我們的,傳達的是耶穌的訊息
00:43
I remember learning that people who were poor
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我記得我學到的是,
00:46
needed something material --
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窮人都需要物質面的東西
00:48
food, clothing, shelter -- that they didn't have.
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像是食物、衣服、收容所這些他們沒有的東西
00:50
And I also was taught, coupled with that,
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然後我又學到,除此之外
00:53
that it was my job -- this classroom full of five and six year-old children --
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我們的責任 - 我與教室其他5、6歲的小朋友的責任
00:56
it was our job, apparently, to help.
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就是幫助他們
00:58
This is what Jesus asked of us.
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這是耶穌要求我們做的
01:00
And then he said, "What you do for the least of these, you do for me."
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祂說:「你們為這些人做的,就是為我而做」
01:03
Now I was pretty psyched.
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當時我很興奮
01:05
I was very eager to be useful in the world --
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我急著想要幫忙
01:07
I think we all have that feeling.
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我們都有過那種感受
01:09
And also, it was kind of interesting that God needed help.
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還有,我覺得上帝需要幫忙這件事,還蠻有趣的
01:11
That was news to me,
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對我來說很新奇
01:13
and it felt like it was a very important thing to get to participate in.
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急著想要一起參與,覺得這事很重要
01:15
But I also learned very soon thereafter
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但我不久後就得知
01:17
that Jesus also said, and I'm paraphrasing,
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耶穌又說了,我重述
01:19
the poor would always be with us.
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貧窮會永遠伴隨我們
01:21
This frustrated and confused me;
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聽起來很困惑、挫折
01:23
I felt like I had been just given a homework assignment
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好像我剛被交付的作業
01:25
that I had to do, and I was excited to do,
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一定要完成、急著想做的作業
01:27
but no matter what I would do, I would fail.
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不管我做的怎樣,都一定會失敗
01:30
So I felt confused, a little bit frustrated and angry,
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我有點困惑、有點挫折、生氣
01:33
like maybe I'd misunderstood something here.
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好像是我自己弄錯了
01:35
And I felt overwhelmed.
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我覺得壓力好大
01:37
And for the first time,
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生平第一次
01:39
I began to fear this group of people
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我開始害怕這群人
01:41
and to feel negative emotion towards a whole group of people.
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對窮人有了負面的感受
01:44
I imagined in my head, a kind of long line of individuals
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我想像的是,一群大排長龍的人
01:47
that were never going away, that would always be with us.
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永遠擺脫不掉、離不開我們
01:49
They were always going to ask me to help them and give them things,
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他們會永遠的要我伸手幫忙、捐東西
01:52
which I was excited to do,
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我原本很興奮要做的事
01:54
but I didn't know how it was going to work.
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卻不知道應該如何動手才好
01:56
And I didn't know what would happen when I ran out of things to give,
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擔心如果我有天沒東西捐了怎麼辦
02:01
especially if the problem was never going away.
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尤其是不論如何,問題都解決不了
02:03
In the years following,
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之後幾年,
02:05
the other stories I heard about the poor growing up
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我長大後聽到關於窮人的故事
02:07
were no more positive.
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一個比一個差
02:09
For example, I saw pictures and images
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比如說,我常會看到
02:12
frequently of sadness and suffering.
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傷心、災難的照片
02:14
I heard about things that were going wrong in the lives of the poor.
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我聽說那些窮人生活上的挫折故事
02:17
I heard about disease, I heard about war --
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我聽說疾病、戰爭的故事
02:19
they always seemed to be kind of related.
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這些故事都是相關的
02:21
And in general,
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整體來講
02:23
I got this sort of idea
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我對於窮人的看法是
02:25
that the poor in the world lived lives
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他們的世界是
02:27
that were wrought with suffering and sadness,
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充滿災難、傷痛、
02:29
devastation, hopelessness.
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毀壞、絕望的
02:32
And after a while, I developed what I think many of us do,
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不久後,我開始跟很多人一樣
02:34
is this predictable response,
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有了一種制式的反應
02:36
where I started to feel bad every time I heard about them.
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當聽到他們的故事,就心生憐憫
02:39
I started to feel guilty for my own relative wealth,
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對於我相對來說的富裕,感到罪惡
02:42
because I wasn't doing more, apparently, to make things better.
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因為我沒有努力的想改善他們的生活
02:45
And I even felt a sense of shame because of that.
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也因此覺得很羞愧
02:48
And so naturally,
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自然而然的,
02:50
I started to distance myself.
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我開始建立距離
02:52
I stopped listening to their stories
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我停止聆聽他們的故事
02:54
quite as closely as I had before.
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不像以前這麼近距離接觸
02:56
And I stopped expecting things to really change.
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我也不去寄望事情會有所改變
02:59
Now I still gave -- on the outside it looked like I was still quite involved.
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我還是會捐,表面看來好像依然積極參予
03:02
I gave of my time and my money,
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我付出時間、金錢
03:04
I gave when solutions were on sale.
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解決辦法出售的時候我就買
03:06
The cost of a cup of coffee can save a child's life, right.
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像是買杯咖啡就捐幾元拯救孩童
03:08
I mean who can argue with that?
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誰會說不呢?
03:10
I gave when I was cornered, when it was difficult to avoid
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當我被逼到必須這麼做的時候
03:13
and I gave, in general, when the negative emotions built up enough
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一般來說,我還是會捐錢,因為這種負面情緒的累績
03:16
that I gave to relieve my own suffering,
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給錢,是為了不讓自己難過
03:18
not someone else's.
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而不是為了他們
03:20
The truth be told, I was giving out of that place,
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老實說,我捐錢的原因
03:23
not out of a genuine place of hope
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不是因為真的抱有希望
03:26
and excitement to help and of generosity.
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慷慨、期待的想幫助別人
03:28
It became a transaction for me,
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對我來說,這開始變成一種交易
03:30
became sort of a trade.
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以物易物
03:32
I was purchasing something --
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我用錢去買什麼東西一樣
03:34
I was buying my right to go on with my day
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我用錢買我繼續生活的權利
03:37
and not necessarily be bothered by this bad news.
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聽到負面的故事,一點都沒有影響
03:40
And I think the way that we go through that sometimes
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我想我們都經歷過這種情況
03:43
can, first of all,
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這樣首先會
03:45
disembody a group of people, individuals out there in the world.
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分解對於世界上那特定群體的形象,
03:48
And it can also turn into a commodity,
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也會將此變成一種商品
03:50
which is a very scary thing.
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這是很可怕的
03:52
So as I did this, and as I think many of us do this,
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所以我漸漸的,也許很多人都如此
03:55
we kind of buy our distance,
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用金錢買距離
03:57
we kind of buy our right to go on with our day.
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用金錢買繼續生活的權利
03:59
I think that exchange can actually get in the way of the very thing that we want most.
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我想這種交易,會阻撓我們去得到最想要的那樣東西
04:02
It can get in the way of our desire
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因為這樣會阻礙我們
04:04
to really be meaningful and useful in another person's life
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參與另一個人的生活,讓自己有意義、有用處
04:07
and, in short to love.
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簡單說,就是愛
04:10
Thankfully, a few years ago, things shifted for me
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幸運的是,幾年後事情有了轉變
04:12
because I heard this gentleman speak, Dr. Muhammad Yunus.
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因為我聽了穆罕默德‧尤努斯博士的演講
04:15
I know many in the room probably know exactly who he is,
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相信在座各位都知道他是誰
04:18
but to give the shorthand version
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對於沒聽過他演講的人
04:20
for any who have not heard him speak,
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我還是簡單介紹一下
04:22
Dr. Yunus won the Nobel Peace Prize a few years ago
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尤努斯博士幾年前獲頒諾貝爾和平獎
04:24
for his work pioneering modern microfinance.
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因為他首創的小額借款概念
04:27
When I heard him speak, it was three years before that.
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當我聽到他演講,是在他得到諾貝爾的三年前
04:30
But basically, microfinance -- if this is new to you as well --
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基本上,小額貸款,如果你首次聽到
04:33
think of that as financial services for the poor.
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是一種給窮人的財務服務
04:35
Think of all the things you get at your bank
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想想你到銀行所接受的
04:37
and imagine those products and services
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所有產品、服務
04:39
tailored to the needs of someone living on a few dollars a day.
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為這些每天只靠幾塊錢過活的人所量身打造
04:41
Dr. Yunus shared his story,
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尤努斯博士分享了他的故事
04:43
explaining what that was,
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解釋這個概念
04:45
and what he had done with his Grameen Bank.
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以及他創立的鄉村銀行(Grameen Bank)
04:47
He also talked about, in particular, microlending,
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他也特別提到了小額借款
04:49
which is a tiny loan
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就是種微型借款
04:51
that could help someone start or grow a business.
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可以幫助別人開始創業
04:53
Now, when I heard him speak, it was exciting for a number of reasons.
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當我聽到他的演講,我很興奮,有幾個原因:
04:56
First and foremost, I learned about this new method of change in the world
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首先就是,我學到一個改變世界的新方法
04:59
that, for once, showed me, maybe,
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就這次,我認為也許
05:01
a way to interact with someone
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這個和他人互動的方法
05:03
and to give, to share of a resource in a way that wasn't weird
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這個給予、分享資源的方法並不奇怪
05:05
and didn't make me feel bad --
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並不會讓我對他們感到可憐
05:08
that was exciting.
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是很興奮的
05:10
But more importantly, he told stories about the poor
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但更重要的,他所講的窮人故事
05:13
that were different than any stories I had heard before.
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與我以前聽的截然不同
05:15
In fact, those individuals he talked about who were poor was sort of a side note.
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他所述說的這些人,好像很窮這點只是備註一樣
05:19
He was talking about strong, smart,
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他講的是關於堅強、聰明、
05:21
hardworking entrepreneurs who woke up every day
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努力的企業家,每天一起床
05:24
and were doing things to make their lives and their family's lives better.
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就做著那些會改變他與家人生活的事
05:27
All they needed to do that more quickly and to do it better
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他們所需要讓事情好辦一點的方法
05:30
was a little bit of capital.
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就是一點資本而已
05:32
It was an amazing sort of insight for me.
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這對我來說是很棒的領悟
05:34
And I, in fact, was so deeply moved by this --
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事實上,我真是深受感動
05:36
it's hard to express now how much that affected me --
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很難用言語表達
05:39
but I was so moved that I actually quit my job a few weeks later,
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我感動到幾週後便辭去工作
05:42
and I moved to East Africa
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並搬到非洲東部
05:44
to try to see for myself what this was about.
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去看看到底是怎麼一回事
05:46
For the first time, actually, in a long time
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很久以來的第一次
05:48
I wanted to meet those individuals, I wanted to meet these entrepreneurs,
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我想與這些人見面,我想見見這些企業家
05:51
and see for myself what their lives were actually about.
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親眼看看他們的生活是什麼樣貌
05:54
So I spent three months in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania
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我在肯亞、烏干達、坦尚尼亞待了三個月
05:57
interviewing entrepreneurs that had received 100 dollars
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與那些借了一百美元的企業家面談
05:59
to start or grow a business.
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他們用這些錢創業的過程
06:01
And in fact, through those interactions,
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事實上,透過與他們的互動
06:03
for the first time, I was starting to get to be friends
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生平第一次,我開始與這些人交朋友
06:05
with some of those people in that big amorphous group out there
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這些毫無組織的廣大群體
06:08
that was supposed to be far away.
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照理說應該離我們很遙遠
06:11
I was starting to be friends and get to know their personal stories.
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我開始和他們做朋友,聆聽他們的故事
06:14
And over and over again,
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一次又一次的
06:16
as I interviewed them and spent my days with them,
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我與他們對談、相處
06:18
I did hear stories of life change
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我聽到關於生命改變的故事
06:20
and amazing little details of change.
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多麼美妙的細微轉變
06:22
So I would hear from goat herders
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我聽牧羊人述說他們的故事
06:24
who had used that money that they had received to buy a few more goats.
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他們是如何用借到的錢去多買幾隻羊
06:27
Their business trajectory would change.
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事業發展是如何改變
06:29
They would make a little bit more money;
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然後可以賺點錢
06:31
their standard of living
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他們的生存標準
06:33
would shift and would get better.
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開始漸漸提升
06:35
And they would make really interesting little adjustments in their lives,
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他們開始對自己生活做出轉變
06:38
like they would start to send their children to school.
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像是有錢送孩子到學校上課、
06:40
They might be able to buy mosquito nets.
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有能力買蚊帳、
06:42
Maybe they could afford a lock for the door and feel secure.
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或許加個門鎖,會比較安心
06:45
Maybe it was just that they could put sugar in their tea
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又或許是在我登門拜訪時
06:47
and offer that to me when I came as their guest
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替我的茶加顆糖
06:49
and that made them feel proud.
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這對他們來說是很驕傲的
06:51
But there were these beautiful details, even if I talked to 20 goat herders in a row,
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這些都是很美妙的瑣事,就算我連續和20位牧羊人聊天--
06:54
and some days that's what happened --
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有時候我就真的這樣做--
06:56
these beautiful details of life change
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這些關於生活轉變的枝節
06:58
that were meaningful to them.
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對他們來說都是極具意義的
07:00
That was another thing that really touched me.
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感動我的另一件事就是
07:02
It was really humbling to see for the first time,
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第一次,我非常謙遜的
07:04
to really understand
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去真的了解到
07:06
that even if I could have taken a magic wand and fixed everything,
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就算我有魔法,揮一揮魔杖就可以讓一切變好
07:09
I probably would have gotten a lot wrong.
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我可能也做不到這樣的程度
07:11
Because the best way for people to change their lives
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因為要人們改變生活最好的方法
07:14
is for them to have control and to do that in a way that they believe is best for them.
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就是讓他們掌握自己的人生,做他們深信對自己有益的事
07:17
So I saw that and it was very humbling.
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看到那樣的景像,我感到很卑微
07:20
Anyway, another interesting thing happened while I was there.
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總之,我在那發生的另一件趣事就是
07:23
I never once was asked for a donation,
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從沒有向我要求捐款
07:26
which had kind of been my mode, right.
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我本來是想說
07:28
There's poverty, you give money to help --
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哪裡有窮人,錢就丟哪裡
07:30
no one asked me for a donation.
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但並沒人要我捐錢
07:32
In fact, no one wanted me to feel bad for them at all.
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事實上,沒有人想要我的憐憫
07:35
If anything, they just wanted to be able to do more of what they were doing already
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要說的話,他們只想要做他們已經會的事情
07:37
and to build on their own capabilities.
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並建立他們的能力
07:39
So what I did hear, once in a while,
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我在那邊遇到的
07:41
was that people wanted a loan --
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偶爾有人希望借款
07:43
I thought that sounded very reasonable and really exciting.
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我覺得這真是很合理也很興奮
07:46
And by the way, I was a philosophy and poetry major in school,
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對了,我大學主修哲學和詩選
07:49
so I didn't know the difference between profit and revenue when I went to East Africa.
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所以我到非洲東部前,根本不曉得利益和收入有什麼不同
07:52
I just got this impression that the money would work.
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我的概念就是,錢可以解決事情
07:55
And my introduction to business
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開始接觸商業
07:57
was in these $100 little infuses of capital.
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是從這些百元鈔開始的
08:00
And I learned about profit and revenue, about leverage, all sorts of things,
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開始學到利益、收入、籌碼之類的
08:03
from farmers, from seamstresses, from goat herders.
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是從農夫、裁縫師、牧羊人身上學到的
08:06
So this idea
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所以這想法
08:08
that these new stories of business and hope
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這些關於事業、希望的故事
08:11
might be shared with my friends and family,
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可以看我的親朋好友分享
08:13
and through that, maybe we could get some of the money that they needed
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透過分享,我們就能夠籌出資金
08:17
to be able to continue their businesses as loans,
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以貸款方式幫助他們事業發展
08:20
that's this little idea that turned into Kiva.
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就是這想法創造了Kiva
08:22
A few months later, I went back to Uganda
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幾個月後,我回到烏干達
08:24
with a digital camera and a basic website
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帶了數位相機,架了個網站
08:27
that my partner, Matthew, and I had kind of built,
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我的另一半Matthew和我一起弄的
08:29
and took pictures of seven of my new friends,
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並和我的七個新朋友拍了張照
08:32
posted their stories, these stories of entrepreneurship, up on the website,
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將他們的創業故事放到網站上
08:36
spammed friends and family and said, "We think this is legal.
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瘋狂寄信給親友,跟他們說「這應該是合法的」
08:38
Haven't heard back yet from SEC on all the details,
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「證交會(SEC)沒人說不行」
08:41
but do you say, do you want to help participate in this,
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「你們覺得呢?要不要一起參與」
08:43
provide the money that they need?"
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「提供他們借款」
08:45
The money came in basically overnight.
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資金一夕間就湧了進來
08:47
We sent it over to Uganda.
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我們寄到烏干達
08:49
And over the next six months, a beautiful thing happened;
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半年後,一件很美妙的事情發生了
08:51
the entrepreneurs received the money,
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這些企業家們收到貸款
08:53
they were paid, and their businesses, in fact, grew,
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之後他們的事業開始成長
08:56
and they were able to support themselves
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他們有辦法自立自強
08:58
and change the trajectory of their lives.
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然後改變生活型態
09:01
In October of '05,
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2005年十月的時候
09:03
after those first seven loans were paid,
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第一批的七個貸款都還清後
09:05
Matt and I took the word beta off of the site.
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我和Matt將網站的"試用版"字樣移除
09:07
We said, "Our little experiment has been a success.
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我們告訴自己「實驗是成功的」
09:09
Let's start for real." That was our official launch.
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「該開始玩真的了」之後就是第一次上市
09:12
And then that first year, October '05 through '06,
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之後的第一年,2005十月到2006年同月
09:14
Kiva facilitated $500,000 in loans.
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Kiva共借出五十萬貸款
09:17
The second year, it was a total of 15 million.
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第二年,增加到1500萬
09:20
The third year, the total was up to around 40.
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第三年,總數約到四千萬
09:22
The fourth year, we were just short of 100.
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第四年則將近一億
09:24
And today, less than five years in,
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今天,成立未滿五年
09:26
Kiva's facilitated
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Kiva共借出
09:28
more than 150 million dollars, in little 25-dollar bits,
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超過一億五千萬,都是25元小筆累積而成
09:31
from lenders and entrepreneurs --
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從債主、企業家身上放款
09:33
more than a million of those, collectively in 200 countries.
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有超過一百萬個債主,來自兩百多個國家
09:35
So that's where Kiva is today, just to bring you right up to the present.
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這就是Kiva目前的狀況,先向各位報告
09:38
And while those numbers and those statistics
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雖然這些數字、數據
09:40
are really fun to talk about and they're interesting,
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報告起來很有趣好玩
09:43
to me, Kiva's really about stories.
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對我而言,Kiva其實是關於故事的
09:46
It's about retelling
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是關於重述
09:48
the story of the poor,
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窮人的故事
09:50
and it's about giving ourselves
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這是給自己
09:52
an opportunity to engage
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一個機會去
09:54
that validates their dignity,
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驗證他們的尊嚴
09:56
validates a partnership relationship,
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驗證一種合夥關係
09:58
not a relationship that's based
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而不是基於傳統
10:00
on the traditional sort of donor beneficiary
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捐、受款人的關係
10:03
weirdness that can happen.
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那種關係是很不同的
10:05
But instead a relationship that can promote respect
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而這些關係可以促進彼此尊重
10:08
and hope
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希望、
10:10
and this optimism
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以及樂觀的態度
10:12
that together we can move forward.
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彼此合作就能向前邁進的態度
10:15
So what I hope is that,
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所以我希望
10:17
not only can the money keep flowing forth through Kiva --
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在Kiva流動的不只是金錢而已
10:19
that's a very positive and meaningful thing --
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還有更正向、有意義的故事
10:21
but I hope Kiva can blur those lines, like I said,
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但我希望Kiva能模糊那些界線,如我所說
10:23
between the traditional rich and poor categories
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那些傳統上我們所學到,關於世上
10:25
that we're taught to see in the world,
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窮人、富人的界線-
10:27
this false dichotomy of us and them, have and have not.
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這種我們/他們、有錢/沒錢的二分法
10:30
I hope that Kiva can blur those lines.
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我希望Kiva能模糊那些界線
10:32
Because as that happens,
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因為如此的話
10:34
I think we can feel free to interact
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我想我們能自在的彼此互動
10:36
in a way that's more open, more just and more creative,
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以更開放、更公平、更有創意的方式
10:39
to engage with each other and to help each other.
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來參與彼此的生活,並互相幫助
10:42
Imagine how you feel
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想像一下
10:44
when you see somebody on street who is begging
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你看見路上向你行乞的乞丐
10:47
and you're about to approach them.
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而你正走向他
10:49
Imagine how you feel;
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想像一下你的感受
10:51
and then imagine the difference when you might see somebody
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再想像一下你看見一個人
10:53
who has a story of entrepreneurship and hard work
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他有著創業、努力的故事
10:56
who wants to tell you about their business.
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想要告訴你他們的事業
10:59
Maybe they're smiling, and they want to talk to you about what they've done.
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也許他們正微笑著,想告訴你他們的成就
11:02
Imagine if you're speaking with somebody
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想像與你說話的人是
11:04
who's growing things and making them flourish,
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種著農作物的人、
11:07
somebody who's using their talents
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用他們的天份去
11:10
to do something productive,
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創造生產力的人、
11:12
somebody who's built their own business from scratch,
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白手起家的人、
11:15
someone who is surrounded by abundance,
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身邊是富足
11:17
not scarcity,
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而非不足的人、
11:19
who's in fact creating abundance,
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甚至是創造富足的人、
11:21
somebody with full hands with something to offer,
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雙手拿的是可以與你分享的東西、
11:24
not empty hands
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而非空手
11:26
asking for you to give them something.
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向你要東西的人
11:29
Imagine if you could hear a story you didn't expect
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想像一個令你意外的故事
11:31
of somebody who wakes up every day
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是由一個每天醒來
11:33
and works very, very hard to make their life better.
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就很努力改善生活的人說出來的
11:36
These stories can really change the way that we think about each other.
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這些故事能真的改變我們對彼此的看法
11:39
And if we can catalyze
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如果我們能催生出
11:41
a supportive community to come around these individuals
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一個能夠支持他們的社群
11:44
and to participate in their story
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然後參與他們的故事
11:46
by lending a little bit of money,
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藉由一點的貸款
11:48
I think that can change the way we believe in each other
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我想這能改變我們相信彼此的方式
11:50
and each other's potential.
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相信彼此潛力的方式
11:52
Now for me, Kiva is just the beginning.
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對我來說,Kiva只是剛起步
11:54
And as I look forward to what is next,
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而我期待接下來的發展
11:56
it's been helpful to reflect on the things I've learned so far.
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我很期待將我目前所學的拿來應用
11:59
The first one is, as I mentioned, entrepreneurship was a new idea to me.
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第一,如之前所提,創業精神對我而言是種新概念
12:02
Kiva borrowers, as I interviewed them and got to know them over the last few years,
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向Kiva貸款的人,在我與他們的對談、相處中
12:05
have taught me what entrepreneurship is.
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教會了我什麼是創業精神
12:07
And I think, at its core, it's deciding that you want your life to be better.
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其實,最根本的,就是決定要做些什麼讓生活更完好
12:10
You see an opportunity
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你看到了機會
12:12
and you decide what you're going to do to try to seize that.
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然後決定該做出什麼事去把握它
12:14
In short, it's deciding that tomorrow can better than today
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簡單說,就是決定明天一定比今天更好
12:16
and going after that.
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以此為目標
12:18
Second thing that I've learned is that loans are a very interesting tool for connectivity.
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我學到的第二件事就是,貸款是促進彼此連結很有趣的工具
12:21
So they're not a donation.
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所以這非關捐款
12:23
Yeah, maybe it doesn't sound that much different.
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也許聽起來沒什麼不同
12:25
But in fact, when you give something to someone
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但事實上,當你給別人某樣東西
12:27
and they say, "Thanks," and let you know how things go,
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然後他們說聲謝謝,並讓你知道後續
12:29
that's one thing.
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是一回事
12:31
When you lend them money, and they slowly pay you back over time,
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當你借他們錢,而他們慢慢的還款
12:34
you have this excuse to have an ongoing dialogue.
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你便有了彼此溝通的藉口
12:36
This continued attention -- this ongoing attention --
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這種連續性的注意力
12:38
is a really big deal
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在建造彼此間
12:40
to build different kinds of relationships among us.
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不同關係的時候是非常重要的
12:43
And then third, from what I've heard from the entrepreneurs I've gotten to know,
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第三,我從這些企業家身上得知的
12:46
when all else is equal,
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就是當一切都平等
12:48
given the option to have just money to do what you need to do,
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你能選擇:有足夠資金開創事業
12:51
or money plus the support and encouragement
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或是資金加支持、鼓勵
12:54
of a global community,
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全球社群的鼓勵
12:56
people choose the community plus the money.
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我們當然選社群加資金
12:58
That's a much more meaningful combination, a more powerful combination.
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這是更有意義、更有力量的組合
13:01
So with that in mind, this particular incident
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因為這想法,偶然的情況下
13:03
has led to the things that I'm working on now.
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我開始了現在的計畫
13:06
I see entrepreneurs everywhere now, now that I'm tuned into this.
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好像中邪一樣,我到處都看到企業家
13:08
And one thing that I've seen
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我還看到
13:10
is there are a lot of supportive communities that already exist in the world.
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世界上還有很多能提供支持的社群
13:12
With social networks,
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有了社群網路
13:14
it's an amazing way, growing the number of people that we all have around us
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這些週遭能提供支持的人,便能以驚人的方式
13:17
in our own supportive communities, rapidly.
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快速成長
13:20
And so, as I have been thinking about this,
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所以我就開始想
13:22
I've been wondering: how can we engage these supportive communities
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我們怎麼讓這些充滿支持的社群
13:25
to catalyze even more entrepreneurial ideas
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催生出更多企業家點子
13:27
and to catalyze all of us
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如何催生出
13:29
to make tomorrow better than today?
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更好的明天?
13:32
As I've researched what's going on in the United States,
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當我研究美國的情形
13:34
a few interesting little insights have come up.
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發現到一些很有趣的事
13:36
So one is that, of course, as we all might expect,
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當然,第一就是,我們都以為
13:39
many small businesses in the U.S. and all over the world
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美國及其他國家的很多小企業
13:41
still need money to grow and to do more of what they want to do
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仍需要資金,才能讓企業成長
13:44
or they might need money during a hard month.
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或是難關的時候需要一點幫助
13:46
But there's always a need for resources close by.
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但總是需要一點資源
13:49
Another thing is, it turns out,
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另一點就是,我發現
13:51
those resources don't usually come from the places you might expect --
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這些資源通常都不是來自你認為的地方
13:54
banks, venture capitalists,
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銀行、風險資本家
13:56
other organizations and support structures --
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或是其他類似機構
13:58
they come from friends and family.
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而是來自親朋好友
14:00
Some statistics say 85 percent or more of funding for small businesses
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數據顯示,小企業的資金來源有85%以上
14:02
comes from friends and family.
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是來自朋友、家庭
14:04
That's around 130 billion dollars a year --
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這是一年將近1300億的數目
14:06
it's a lot.
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非常可觀
14:08
And third, so as people are doing this friends and family fundraising process,
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第三,向親友募款的過程
14:11
it's very awkward, people don't know exactly what to ask for,
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是很尷尬的,因為人們不知道如何開口、
14:13
how to ask, what to promise in return,
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如何借錢、如何承諾還錢,
14:15
even though they have the best of intentions
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就算他們是真心的
14:17
and want to thank those people that are supporting them.
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想感謝這些支持他們的人
14:20
So to harness the power of these supportive communities in a new way
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為了重新定位這些支持性的社群
14:23
and to allow entrepreneurs to decide for themselves
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以及讓企業家自行決定
14:25
exactly what that financial exchange should look like,
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他們的財務條件如何設定
14:27
exactly what fits them and the people around them,
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怎樣做對他們最合適
14:30
this week actually,
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其實這禮拜
14:32
we're quietly doing a launch of Profounder,
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我們的Profounder將悄悄上市
14:34
which is a crowd funding platform for small businesses to raise what they need
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Profounder是個讓小企業藉由親友的投資
14:37
through investments from their friends and family.
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來募資的群體資金平台
14:39
And it's investments, not donations, not loans,
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這是種投資,不是捐款、貸款
14:41
but investments that have a dynamic return.
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而是有多元回饋的投資
14:43
So the mapping of participating in the story,
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隨著故事參與性多寡
14:45
it actually flows with the up and down.
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它其實是上下起伏的
14:47
So in short, it's a do-it-yourself tool
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簡單說,就是種DIY工具
14:50
for small businesses to raise these funds.
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給小企業募款的工具
14:52
And what you can do is go onto the site, create a profile,
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你要做的就是上到網站,建立個人資料
14:55
create investment terms in a really easy way.
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設立投資條件,就這麼簡單
14:57
We make it really, really simple for me
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我們將網站設計得很簡單
14:59
as well as anyone else who wants to use the site.
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對我、對其他人來說都方便使用
15:01
And we allow entrepreneurs to share a percentage of their revenues.
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我們讓企業家分享自己收入的一部份
15:03
They can raise up to a million dollars
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他們可以湊到百萬資金
15:05
from an unlimited number of unaccredited, unsophisticated investors --
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不設限的金額,可以從匿名、單純的投資人--
15:08
everyday people, heaven forbid --
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甚至只是平凡人身上借錢
15:10
and they can share those returns over time --
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他們可以慢慢還款
15:12
again, whatever terms they set.
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條件自己設定
15:14
As investors choose to become involved
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投資者藉由設定的條件
15:16
based on those terms,
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選擇介入的程度
15:18
they can either take their rewards back as cash,
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他們可以選擇用現金回收
15:20
or they can decide in advance
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或可以決定將這筆錢
15:22
to give those returns away to a non-profit.
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捐給慈善機構
15:24
So they can be a cash, or a cause, investor.
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投資人可以收現金或行善
15:27
It's my hope that this kind of tool can show anybody who has an idea
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我希望這種工具能給有想法的人
15:30
a path to go do what they want to do in the world
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一條實現夢想的道路
15:32
and to gather the people around them that they already have,
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並將身邊的人聚在一起
15:34
the people that know them best
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這些了解他們的人
15:36
and that love them and want to support them,
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以及愛他們、想支持他們的人
15:38
to gather them to make this happen.
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聚在一起讓一切變得可能
15:40
So that's what I'm working on now.
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這就是我所努力的
15:42
And to close, I just want to say, look these are tools.
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最後作結,我想說的是,這些只是工具
15:44
Right now, Profounder's right at the very beginning,
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目前,Profounder只是剛起步
15:46
and it's very palpable; it's very clear to me, that it's just a vessel, it's just a tool.
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對我來說,很清楚的,它只是工具而已
15:49
What we need are for people to care, to actually go use it,
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我們需要的,是人們的關心,去運用那關心
15:52
just like they've cared enough to use Kiva
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就像他們在乎到會想用Kiva
15:54
to make those connections.
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做出與他人的連結
15:56
But the good news is I don't think I need to stand here and convince you to care --
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好消息是,我不需要站在台上,呼籲你們去關心
15:58
I'm not even going to try.
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連試都不用試
16:00
I don't think, even though we often hear,
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就算我們常聽到那些
16:02
you know, hear the ethical and moral reasons,
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倫理、道德、
16:04
the religious reasons,
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宗教理由
16:06
"Here's why caring and giving will make you happier."
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「幫助別人會更快樂」之類的理由
16:09
I don't think we need to be convinced of that. I think we know;
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我想我們已經都很明白
16:12
in fact, I think we know so much,
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事實上,正因為我們懂很多
16:14
and it's such a reality
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才能夠
16:16
that we care so deeply,
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這麼的在乎
16:18
that in fact, what usually stops us
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通常讓我們停止努力的
16:20
is that we're afraid to try and to mess up,
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就是因為我們怕失敗
16:22
because we care so very much about helping each other
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因為我們如此在乎
16:24
and being meaningful in each other's lives.
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想在他人生活中扮演有意義的角色
16:27
So what I think I can do today,
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我今天所能做的
16:30
that best thing I can give you --
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所能給你們的就是
16:32
I've given you my story, which is the best I can do.
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我已分享了我的故事,這是我至少能做的
16:34
And I think I can remind us that we do care.
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我想我能提醒各位,我們都在乎
16:37
I think we all already know that.
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我們都自知
16:39
And I think we know that love is resilient enough
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愛是多麼的有彈性
16:42
for us to get out there and try.
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能讓我們重新再嘗試
16:45
Just a sec.
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不好意思
16:51
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
16:53
Thanks.
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謝謝
16:55
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
17:05
Thanks.
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謝謝
17:07
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
17:09
For me, the best way to be inspired to try
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對我來說,得到啟發最好的方法
17:12
is to stop and to listen
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就是停下來聆聽
17:14
to someone else's story.
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其他人的故事
17:16
And I'm grateful that I've gotten to do that here at TED.
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我很感激有這個機會站上TED舞台
17:19
And I'm grateful that whenever I do that,
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我很珍惜這種機會
17:22
guaranteed, I am inspired --
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因為我能保證受到啟發
17:24
I am inspired by the person I am listening to.
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我受到我所聆聽的人的啟發
17:27
And I believe more and more every time I listen
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我相信,我聽的越多
17:30
in that that person's potential to do great things in the world
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聽到那些有人能對於世上的貢獻
17:33
and in my own potential to maybe help.
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以及我自己所能幫忙的
17:36
And that --
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然後
17:38
forget the tools, forget the moving around of resources --
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忘了工具、忘了資源 --
17:40
that stuff's easy.
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因為這些都簡單
17:42
Believing in each other,
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相信彼此吧
17:44
really being sure when push comes to shove
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孤注一擲時如此深信
17:46
that each one of us can do amazing things in the world,
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我們每個人都有能力做非凡的事
17:49
that is what can make our stories into love stories
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這讓我們的故事變成愛的故事、
17:52
and our collective story
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我們共有的故事
17:54
into one that continually perpetuates hope
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然後延續希望
17:56
and good things for all of us.
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以及身邊美好的事
17:58
So that, this belief in each other,
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所以,相信彼此
18:00
knowing that without a doubt
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對此深信不疑
18:02
and practicing that every day in whatever you do,
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每天不論做什麼都抱這個信念
18:04
that's what I believe will change the world and make tomorrow better than today.
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這就是我所相信能改變世界,讓世界更美好的方法
18:07
Thank you.
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謝謝大家
18:09
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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