Jessica Jackley: Poverty, money -- and love

162,192 views ・ 2010-10-18

TED


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Prevoditelj: Hrvoje Simic Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG
00:16
The stories we tell about each other
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Priče koje jedni drugima pričamo
00:18
matter very much.
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su jako važne.
00:21
The stories we tell ourselves about our own lives matter.
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Priče o našim životima koje pričamo sami sebi su važne.
00:24
And most of all,
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I, što je najvažnije,
00:26
I think the way that we participate in each other's stories
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način na koji sudjelujemo u životnim pričama jedni drugih
00:28
is of deep importance.
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su od duboke važnosti.
00:31
I was six years old
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Imala sam tek šest godina
00:33
when I first heard stories about the poor.
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kad sam čula prve priče o siromaštvu.
00:35
Now I didn't hear those stories from the poor themselves,
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Nisam ih čula od siromašnih ljudi,
00:37
I heard them from my Sunday school teacher
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čula sam ih od svog vjeroučitelja
00:40
and Jesus, kind of via my Sunday school teacher.
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i od Isusa, navodno, preko mog vjeroučitelja.
00:43
I remember learning that people who were poor
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Sjećam se da sam naučila kako siromašni
00:46
needed something material --
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trebaju materijalne stvari -
00:48
food, clothing, shelter -- that they didn't have.
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hranu, odjeću, sklonište - ono što im nedostaje.
00:50
And I also was taught, coupled with that,
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Usto sam naučila i
00:53
that it was my job -- this classroom full of five and six year-old children --
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da je moj zadatak - i cijele moje grupe peto i šestogodišnjaka -
00:56
it was our job, apparently, to help.
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naš je zadatak, izgleda, da im pomognemo.
00:58
This is what Jesus asked of us.
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To Isus traži od nas.
01:00
And then he said, "What you do for the least of these, you do for me."
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I reče, "Sve što ste učinili jednomu od moje najmanje braće, meni ste učinili."
01:03
Now I was pretty psyched.
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Bila sam prilično uzbuđena.
01:05
I was very eager to be useful in the world --
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Bila sam vrlo željna da se pokažem korisnom.
01:07
I think we all have that feeling.
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Mislim da svi imamo taj osjećaj.
01:09
And also, it was kind of interesting that God needed help.
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I bilo mi je jako zanimljivo kako Bogu treba pomoć.
01:11
That was news to me,
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To mi je bilo novo,
01:13
and it felt like it was a very important thing to get to participate in.
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bila je to vrlo važna stvar u kojoj mogu sudjelovati.
01:15
But I also learned very soon thereafter
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Ali vrlo skoro sam naučila
01:17
that Jesus also said, and I'm paraphrasing,
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kako je Isus rekao i, parafraziram:
01:19
the poor would always be with us.
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"uvijek će biti siromaha".
01:21
This frustrated and confused me;
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To me frustriralo i zbunjivalo.
01:23
I felt like I had been just given a homework assignment
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Osjećala sam se kao da mi je dan domaći zadatak
01:25
that I had to do, and I was excited to do,
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koji trebam napraviti, koji mi je uzbudljiv,
01:27
but no matter what I would do, I would fail.
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ali kojeg ne mogu završiti, koliko god se trudila.
01:30
So I felt confused, a little bit frustrated and angry,
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Osjetila sam se zbunjeno, pomalo frustrirano i bijesno,
01:33
like maybe I'd misunderstood something here.
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kao da sam nešto krivo shvatila.
01:35
And I felt overwhelmed.
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I osjetila sam se nemoćnom.
01:37
And for the first time,
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Po prvi put
01:39
I began to fear this group of people
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počela sam se bojati ove grupe ljudi
01:41
and to feel negative emotion towards a whole group of people.
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i imala sam negativne osjećaje prema svima njima.
01:44
I imagined in my head, a kind of long line of individuals
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Zamišljala sam dugi red pojedinaca
01:47
that were never going away, that would always be with us.
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koji nikad neće nestati, koji će uvijek postojati.
01:49
They were always going to ask me to help them and give them things,
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Stalno će od mene tražiti pomoć i da im nešto udjelim,
01:52
which I was excited to do,
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što sam bila voljna,
01:54
but I didn't know how it was going to work.
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ali nisam znala kako će to funkcionirati.
01:56
And I didn't know what would happen when I ran out of things to give,
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Nisam znala što će se dogoditi kad mi ponestane stvari koje mogu podijeliti,
02:01
especially if the problem was never going away.
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pogotovo zbog toga što taj problem neće nestati.
02:03
In the years following,
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U godinama koje su slijedile,
02:05
the other stories I heard about the poor growing up
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druge priče koje sam čula o siromasima
02:07
were no more positive.
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nisu bile ništa pozitivnije.
02:09
For example, I saw pictures and images
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Na primjer, vidjela sam slike
02:12
frequently of sadness and suffering.
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tuge i patnje.
02:14
I heard about things that were going wrong in the lives of the poor.
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Čula sam o lošim stvarima u životima siromašnih ljudi.
02:17
I heard about disease, I heard about war --
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Čula sam o bolestima. O ratovima.
02:19
they always seemed to be kind of related.
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Uvijek su bili nekako povezani.
02:21
And in general,
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Općenito,
02:23
I got this sort of idea
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dobila sam osjećaj
02:25
that the poor in the world lived lives
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da siromašni ljudi žive živote
02:27
that were wrought with suffering and sadness,
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pune patnje i tuge,
02:29
devastation, hopelessness.
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razaranja, beznađa.
02:32
And after a while, I developed what I think many of us do,
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Nakon nekog vremena, kao i mnogi drugi,
02:34
is this predictable response,
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razvila sam predvidljivu reakciju,
02:36
where I started to feel bad every time I heard about them.
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počela sam se loše osjećati svaki put kad sam čula za njih.
02:39
I started to feel guilty for my own relative wealth,
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Počela sam osjećati krivnju zbog mojeg relativnog bogatstva,
02:42
because I wasn't doing more, apparently, to make things better.
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jer nisam više radila na tome da se situacija popravi.
02:45
And I even felt a sense of shame because of that.
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Osjećala sam se čak posramljenom zbog toga.
02:48
And so naturally,
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Prirodno, zbog toga sam se
02:50
I started to distance myself.
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počela udaljavati.
02:52
I stopped listening to their stories
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Prestala sam slušati njihove priče
02:54
quite as closely as I had before.
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tako pažljivo kao što sam ranije.
02:56
And I stopped expecting things to really change.
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Prestala sam očekivati da se stvari promjene.
02:59
Now I still gave -- on the outside it looked like I was still quite involved.
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Još uvijek sam davala. Izvana se činilo da sam uključena.
03:02
I gave of my time and my money,
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Davala sam svoje vrijeme i novac.
03:04
I gave when solutions were on sale.
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Davala sam kad su rješenja bila jeftina.
03:06
The cost of a cup of coffee can save a child's life, right.
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Cijena šalice kave za spas djetetovog života, ok.
03:08
I mean who can argue with that?
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Tko bi bio protiv toga?
03:10
I gave when I was cornered, when it was difficult to avoid
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Davala sam kad su me pritisnuli, kad sam teško mogla izbjeći,
03:13
and I gave, in general, when the negative emotions built up enough
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i općenito, davala sam kad su se negativne emocije toliko nagomilale
03:16
that I gave to relieve my own suffering,
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da je davanje pružalo olakšanje meni,
03:18
not someone else's.
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a ne nekom drugome.
03:20
The truth be told, I was giving out of that place,
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Ako ćemo iskreno, bila sam u stanju
03:23
not out of a genuine place of hope
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u kojem nije bilo istinske nade
03:26
and excitement to help and of generosity.
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i uzbuđenja zbog pomaganja i velikodušnosti.
03:28
It became a transaction for me,
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To je postala transakcija,
03:30
became sort of a trade.
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neka vrsta trgovine.
03:32
I was purchasing something --
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Kupovala sam nešto.
03:34
I was buying my right to go on with my day
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Kupovala sam pravo da nastavim svoj život
03:37
and not necessarily be bothered by this bad news.
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bez da budem uznemirena tim lošim vijestima.
03:40
And I think the way that we go through that sometimes
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I mislim kako način na koji to postižemo
03:43
can, first of all,
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može, prvo,
03:45
disembody a group of people, individuals out there in the world.
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učiniti te ljude bezličnima.
03:48
And it can also turn into a commodity,
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I može ih pretvoriti u robu,
03:50
which is a very scary thing.
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što je veoma zastrašujuće.
03:52
So as I did this, and as I think many of us do this,
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I tako sam radila to, kao i mnogi drugi,
03:55
we kind of buy our distance,
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kupujemo tu distancu,
03:57
we kind of buy our right to go on with our day.
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kupujemo pravo da nastavimo sa svojim životom.
03:59
I think that exchange can actually get in the way of the very thing that we want most.
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Ali ta razmjena može smetati onome što želimo od života.
04:02
It can get in the way of our desire
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Smeta našoj težnji
04:04
to really be meaningful and useful in another person's life
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da nudimo smisao i budemo korisni drugoj osobi
04:07
and, in short to love.
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ukratko, da volimo.
04:10
Thankfully, a few years ago, things shifted for me
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Na sreću, prije par godina sam imala priliku
04:12
because I heard this gentleman speak, Dr. Muhammad Yunus.
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čuti govor ovog gospodina, Dr. Muhammad-a Yunus-a.
04:15
I know many in the room probably know exactly who he is,
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Znam da vas puno zna točno tko je on,
04:18
but to give the shorthand version
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ali dati ću skraćenu verziju
04:20
for any who have not heard him speak,
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za sve one koji nisu čuli njegov govor,
04:22
Dr. Yunus won the Nobel Peace Prize a few years ago
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Dr. Yunus je osvojio Nobelovu nagradu za mir prije nekoliko godina
04:24
for his work pioneering modern microfinance.
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za svoj pionirski rad na području modernog mikrofinanciranja.
04:27
When I heard him speak, it was three years before that.
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Ja sam ga slušala tri godine ranije.
04:30
But basically, microfinance -- if this is new to you as well --
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U biti, mikrofinanciranje - ako vam je taj pojam nepoznat -
04:33
think of that as financial services for the poor.
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je neka vrsta financijskih usluga za siromašne.
04:35
Think of all the things you get at your bank
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Zamislite sve stvari koje dobijete od svoje banke
04:37
and imagine those products and services
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i zamislite sve te proizvode i usluge
04:39
tailored to the needs of someone living on a few dollars a day.
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prilagođene ljudima koji žive sa nekoliko dolara na dan.
04:41
Dr. Yunus shared his story,
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Dr. Yunus je podijelio svoju priču,
04:43
explaining what that was,
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objašnjavao što je to
04:45
and what he had done with his Grameen Bank.
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i što je napravio sa svojom Grameen bankom.
04:47
He also talked about, in particular, microlending,
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Posebno je govorio o mikrokreditiranju,
04:49
which is a tiny loan
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sićušnom kreditu
04:51
that could help someone start or grow a business.
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koji omogućava započinjanje ili širenje posla.
04:53
Now, when I heard him speak, it was exciting for a number of reasons.
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Kad sam ga prvi put čula, bilo je to uzbudljivo iz više razloga.
04:56
First and foremost, I learned about this new method of change in the world
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Prvenstveno jer sam naučila nov način kako promijeniti svijet
04:59
that, for once, showed me, maybe,
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koji mi je pokazao kako ipak, možda,
05:01
a way to interact with someone
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ima načina da surađujemo,
05:03
and to give, to share of a resource in a way that wasn't weird
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da dajemo, da dijelimo resurse na način koji nije čudan
05:05
and didn't make me feel bad --
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i ne čini me da se loše osjećam.
05:08
that was exciting.
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To je bilo uzbudljivo.
05:10
But more importantly, he told stories about the poor
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Ali, što je još važnije, njegove priče o siromasima
05:13
that were different than any stories I had heard before.
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su bile drugačije od priča koje sam čula ranije.
05:15
In fact, those individuals he talked about who were poor was sort of a side note.
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Činjenica da su ljudi o kojima je pričao bili siromašni rečena je tek usput.
05:19
He was talking about strong, smart,
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On je pričao o snažnim, pametnim,
05:21
hardworking entrepreneurs who woke up every day
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radišnim poduzetnicima koji su se budili svaki dan
05:24
and were doing things to make their lives and their family's lives better.
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i radili su stvari zbog kojih su njihovi životi i životi njihovih obitelji bili bolji.
05:27
All they needed to do that more quickly and to do it better
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Sve što im je trebalo da to odrade brže i bolje
05:30
was a little bit of capital.
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je bilo malo kapitala.
05:32
It was an amazing sort of insight for me.
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To mi je bila zapanjujuća spoznaja.
05:34
And I, in fact, was so deeply moved by this --
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Bila sam toliko dirnuta s tim,
05:36
it's hard to express now how much that affected me --
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teško mi je opisati kako me se to dojmilo,
05:39
but I was so moved that I actually quit my job a few weeks later,
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toliko da sam par tjedana kasnije dala otkaz,
05:42
and I moved to East Africa
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i preselila se u Istočnu Afriku
05:44
to try to see for myself what this was about.
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da vidim za sebe o čemu se tu radi.
05:46
For the first time, actually, in a long time
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Po prvi put nakon dugo vremena
05:48
I wanted to meet those individuals, I wanted to meet these entrepreneurs,
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htjela sam upoznati te osobe, htjela sam vidjeti te poduzetnike
05:51
and see for myself what their lives were actually about.
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i sama vidjeti kako stvarno žive.
05:54
So I spent three months in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania
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Provela sam tri mjeseca u Keniji, Ugandi i Tanzaniji
05:57
interviewing entrepreneurs that had received 100 dollars
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pričajući s poduzetnicima koji su primili 100 dolara
05:59
to start or grow a business.
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da započnu ili prošire svoj posao.
06:01
And in fact, through those interactions,
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I u stvari, kroz te interakcije,
06:03
for the first time, I was starting to get to be friends
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po prvi put, sprijateljila sam se
06:05
with some of those people in that big amorphous group out there
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s nekim od tih ljudi u toj velikoj bezličnoj skupini tamo
06:08
that was supposed to be far away.
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koja je trebala biti tako daleko.
06:11
I was starting to be friends and get to know their personal stories.
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Počela sam upoznavati njih i njihove životne priče.
06:14
And over and over again,
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I svaki put iznova,
06:16
as I interviewed them and spent my days with them,
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dok sam ih intervjuirala i provodila svoje dane s njima,
06:18
I did hear stories of life change
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čula sam priče o životnoj promjeni
06:20
and amazing little details of change.
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i nevjerojatne male detalje te promijene.
06:22
So I would hear from goat herders
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Čula sam od stočara
06:24
who had used that money that they had received to buy a few more goats.
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koji su s primljenim novcem kupili još par koza.
06:27
Their business trajectory would change.
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Njihova poslovna putanja se promjenila.
06:29
They would make a little bit more money;
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Zaradili bi još nešto novca.
06:31
their standard of living
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Njihov životni standard
06:33
would shift and would get better.
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bi se promijenio na bolje
06:35
And they would make really interesting little adjustments in their lives,
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i njihovi životi bi se malo unaprijedili,
06:38
like they would start to send their children to school.
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kao počeli bi slati djecu u školu.
06:40
They might be able to buy mosquito nets.
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Mogli bi kupiti mreže za komarce.
06:42
Maybe they could afford a lock for the door and feel secure.
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Kupili bi lokot za vrata da budu sigurniji.
06:45
Maybe it was just that they could put sugar in their tea
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Ili bi si samo mogli priuštiti šećer za čaj
06:47
and offer that to me when I came as their guest
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koji bi mi ponudili kad bi im došla u goste
06:49
and that made them feel proud.
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i zbog toga bi bili ponosni.
06:51
But there were these beautiful details, even if I talked to 20 goat herders in a row,
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Bili su to divni detalji, čak i kad sam pričala s 20 stočara zaredom,
06:54
and some days that's what happened --
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a nekih dana se i to događalo -
06:56
these beautiful details of life change
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ti divni detalji o mijenjanju života
06:58
that were meaningful to them.
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koji su njima bili važni.
07:00
That was another thing that really touched me.
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To je bila još jedna stvar koja me dirnula.
07:02
It was really humbling to see for the first time,
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Dojmilo me se što sam po prvi put vidjela,
07:04
to really understand
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i stvarno razumjela
07:06
that even if I could have taken a magic wand and fixed everything,
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kako, čak i da sam čarobnim štapićem mogla sve popraviti,
07:09
I probably would have gotten a lot wrong.
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vjerojatno bih u puno stvari pogriješila.
07:11
Because the best way for people to change their lives
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Jer najbolji način na koji ljudi mogu izmijeniti svoje živote
07:14
is for them to have control and to do that in a way that they believe is best for them.
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je da imaju kontrolu i da rade onako kako misle da je najbolje za njih.
07:17
So I saw that and it was very humbling.
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To me učinilo skromnijom.
07:20
Anyway, another interesting thing happened while I was there.
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Još se jedna zanimljiva stvar dogodila dok sam bila tamo.
07:23
I never once was asked for a donation,
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Nikad me nitko nije tražio donaciju,
07:26
which had kind of been my mode, right.
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a tada sam razmišljala na taj način.
07:28
There's poverty, you give money to help --
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Postoji siromaštvo, daješ novac da pomogneš.
07:30
no one asked me for a donation.
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Nitko nije tražio da mu udijelim milostinju.
07:32
In fact, no one wanted me to feel bad for them at all.
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Štoviše, nitko nije želio da ih žalim.
07:35
If anything, they just wanted to be able to do more of what they were doing already
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Samo su željeli da mogu i dalje raditi ono što su već radili
07:37
and to build on their own capabilities.
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i razvijati se na svojim sposobnostima.
07:39
So what I did hear, once in a while,
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Ono što sam čula, s vremena na vrijeme,
07:41
was that people wanted a loan --
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je da ljudi žele pozajmicu -
07:43
I thought that sounded very reasonable and really exciting.
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učinilo mi se da to zvuči razumno i stvarno uzbudljivo.
07:46
And by the way, I was a philosophy and poetry major in school,
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Usput, studirala sam filozofiju i poeziju,
07:49
so I didn't know the difference between profit and revenue when I went to East Africa.
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tako da nisam razlikovala zaradu od prihoda kad sam otišla u Istočnu Afriku.
07:52
I just got this impression that the money would work.
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Samo mi se učinilo kako bi novac mogao djelovati.
07:55
And my introduction to business
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U poslovne vode sam ušla
07:57
was in these $100 little infuses of capital.
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s tim malim injekcijama kapitala od 100 dolara.
08:00
And I learned about profit and revenue, about leverage, all sorts of things,
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Naučila sam o zaradi i prihodu, financijskim polugama, o raznim stvarima,
08:03
from farmers, from seamstresses, from goat herders.
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od seljaka, švelja, stočara.
08:06
So this idea
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Tako je ova ideja
08:08
that these new stories of business and hope
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da bi ove priče o poslovanju i nadi
08:11
might be shared with my friends and family,
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mogla podijeliti s prijateljima i s obitelji
08:13
and through that, maybe we could get some of the money that they needed
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i kako bi na taj način mogli prikupiti dio novca koji im je bio potreban
08:17
to be able to continue their businesses as loans,
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da nastave sa svojim poslom kao kredit,
08:20
that's this little idea that turned into Kiva.
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i to je bila ideja koja se pretvorila u Kivu.
08:22
A few months later, I went back to Uganda
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Nekoliko mjeseci kasnije, vratila sam se u Ugandu
08:24
with a digital camera and a basic website
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s digitalnim fotoaparatom i Web stranicom
08:27
that my partner, Matthew, and I had kind of built,
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koju smo postavili moj partner Matthew i ja
08:29
and took pictures of seven of my new friends,
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i slikali smo sedam mojih novih prijatelja,
08:32
posted their stories, these stories of entrepreneurship, up on the website,
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objavili njihove priče o poduzetništvu na toj stranici,
08:36
spammed friends and family and said, "We think this is legal.
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zatrpavali emailovima prijatelje i rodbinu i govorili, "Mislimo da je ovo legalno.
08:38
Haven't heard back yet from SEC on all the details,
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Nije nam još odgovorila SEC o svim detaljima,
08:41
but do you say, do you want to help participate in this,
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ali, da li biste vi htjeli sudjelovati u ovome,
08:43
provide the money that they need?"
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i osigurati novac koji im treba?"
08:45
The money came in basically overnight.
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Novac je došao praktički preko noći.
08:47
We sent it over to Uganda.
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Poslali smo ga u Ugandu.
08:49
And over the next six months, a beautiful thing happened;
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I u sljedećih šest mjeseci dogodila se predivna stvar;
08:51
the entrepreneurs received the money,
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poduzetnici su primili novac,
08:53
they were paid, and their businesses, in fact, grew,
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bili su plaćeni i njihovo poslovanje je naraslo
08:56
and they were able to support themselves
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i mogli su se uzdržavati
08:58
and change the trajectory of their lives.
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i promijeniti putanju svojih života.
09:01
In October of '05,
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U listopadu 2005.,
09:03
after those first seven loans were paid,
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nakon što je prvih sedam kredita bilo otplaćeno,
09:05
Matt and I took the word beta off of the site.
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Matt i ja smo skinuli oznaku "beta" sa stranice.
09:07
We said, "Our little experiment has been a success.
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Rekli smo, "Naš je mali eksperiment uspio.
09:09
Let's start for real." That was our official launch.
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Idemo sad za ozbiljno." To je bio naš službeni početak.
09:12
And then that first year, October '05 through '06,
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I te prve godine, od listopada 2005. do 2006.,
09:14
Kiva facilitated $500,000 in loans.
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Kiva je omogućila kredite u vrijednosti 500.000 dolara.
09:17
The second year, it was a total of 15 million.
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Druge godine, total je bio 15 milijuna.
09:20
The third year, the total was up to around 40.
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Treće godine, ukupno je bilo oko 40.
09:22
The fourth year, we were just short of 100.
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Četvrte godine skoro 100.
09:24
And today, less than five years in,
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A danas, nakon manje od pet godina,
09:26
Kiva's facilitated
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Kiva je omogućila
09:28
more than 150 million dollars, in little 25-dollar bits,
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više od 150 milijuna dolara, u komadićima od po 25 dolara,
09:31
from lenders and entrepreneurs --
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od zajmodavaca i poduzetnika -
09:33
more than a million of those, collectively in 200 countries.
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njih više od milijun, ukupno u 200 zemalja.
09:35
So that's where Kiva is today, just to bring you right up to the present.
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I tu je Kiva danas, da vas upoznamo sa sadašnjošću.
09:38
And while those numbers and those statistics
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Ali, iako su ti brojevi i statistike
09:40
are really fun to talk about and they're interesting,
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stvarno zabavne i zanimljive,
09:43
to me, Kiva's really about stories.
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za mene, u Kivi su najvažnije priče.
09:46
It's about retelling
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Najvažnije je prepričavanje
09:48
the story of the poor,
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priče siromašnih ljudi,
09:50
and it's about giving ourselves
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da damo sami sebi
09:52
an opportunity to engage
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priliku da se uključe
09:54
that validates their dignity,
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na dostojanstven način,
09:56
validates a partnership relationship,
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u partnerskoj vezi,
09:58
not a relationship that's based
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ne u tradicionalnom odnosu
10:00
on the traditional sort of donor beneficiary
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između donatora i primatelja donacije
10:03
weirdness that can happen.
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koji može ispasti neugodan.
10:05
But instead a relationship that can promote respect
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Umjesto toga želimo odnos poštovanja
10:08
and hope
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i nade
10:10
and this optimism
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i optimizma
10:12
that together we can move forward.
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da zajedno možemo naprijed.
10:15
So what I hope is that,
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Ono što se ja nadam
10:17
not only can the money keep flowing forth through Kiva --
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je ne samo da novac nastavi teći kroz Kivu -
10:19
that's a very positive and meaningful thing --
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to je vrlo pozitivna i smislena stvar -
10:21
but I hope Kiva can blur those lines, like I said,
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nego i da Kiva uspije zamutiti te granice, kao što sam rekla,
10:23
between the traditional rich and poor categories
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između tradicionalnih kategorija bogatstva i siromaštva
10:25
that we're taught to see in the world,
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koje smo naučeni vidjeti u svijetu,
10:27
this false dichotomy of us and them, have and have not.
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te lažne dihotomije između njih i nas, onih koji imaju i onih koji nemaju.
10:30
I hope that Kiva can blur those lines.
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Nadam se da Kiva može zamutiti te granice.
10:32
Because as that happens,
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Jer, kad se to dogodi,
10:34
I think we can feel free to interact
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mislim da možemo surađivati
10:36
in a way that's more open, more just and more creative,
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na način koji je otvoreniji, pravedniji i kreativniji,
10:39
to engage with each other and to help each other.
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kako bismo mogli međusobno sudjelovati i pomagati jedni drugima.
10:42
Imagine how you feel
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Zamislite kako se osjećate
10:44
when you see somebody on street who is begging
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kad vidite nekog kako prosi na ulici
10:47
and you're about to approach them.
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i upravo mu prilazite.
10:49
Imagine how you feel;
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Zamislite kako se osjećate.
10:51
and then imagine the difference when you might see somebody
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I zamislite razliku kad vidite nekog
10:53
who has a story of entrepreneurship and hard work
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tko ima priču o poduzetništvu i radu
10:56
who wants to tell you about their business.
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i tko vam želi pričati o svom poslu.
10:59
Maybe they're smiling, and they want to talk to you about what they've done.
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Možda se smiješe, i žele vam ispričati što su napravili.
11:02
Imagine if you're speaking with somebody
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Zamislite da pričate s nekim
11:04
who's growing things and making them flourish,
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tko uzgaja stvari i čini da rastu,
11:07
somebody who's using their talents
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netko tko koristi svoje talente
11:10
to do something productive,
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da učini nešto produktivno,
11:12
somebody who's built their own business from scratch,
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netko tko izgrađuje svoje poslovanje iz ničeg,
11:15
someone who is surrounded by abundance,
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netko okružen obiljem,
11:17
not scarcity,
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ne oskudnošću,
11:19
who's in fact creating abundance,
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onaj tko stvara obilje,
11:21
somebody with full hands with something to offer,
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netko tko ima što za ponuditi,
11:24
not empty hands
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a ne praznih ruku
11:26
asking for you to give them something.
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tražeći da im nešto udijelite.
11:29
Imagine if you could hear a story you didn't expect
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Zamislite da možete čuti priču koju niste očekivali
11:31
of somebody who wakes up every day
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nekog tko se budi svaki dan
11:33
and works very, very hard to make their life better.
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i radi vrlo, vrlo marljivo da poboljša svoj život.
11:36
These stories can really change the way that we think about each other.
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Ove priče stvarno mogu promijeniti način na koji razmišljamo jedni o drugima.
11:39
And if we can catalyze
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I ako možemo katalizirati
11:41
a supportive community to come around these individuals
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zajednicu koja podržava ove pojedince
11:44
and to participate in their story
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i sudjeluje u njihovim pričama
11:46
by lending a little bit of money,
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posuđujući malo novca,
11:48
I think that can change the way we believe in each other
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mislim da možemo izmijeniti način na koji vjerujemo jedni drugima
11:50
and each other's potential.
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i u potencijal drugih.
11:52
Now for me, Kiva is just the beginning.
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Za mene, Kiva je tek početak.
11:54
And as I look forward to what is next,
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I kako gledam naprijed u ono što dolazi,
11:56
it's been helpful to reflect on the things I've learned so far.
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pomoglo mi je prisjetiti se što sam dosad naučila.
11:59
The first one is, as I mentioned, entrepreneurship was a new idea to me.
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Prvo, kao što sam i bila spomenula, poduzetništvo mi je bila nova ideja.
12:02
Kiva borrowers, as I interviewed them and got to know them over the last few years,
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Kivini zajmoprimci su me kroz sve ove godine
12:05
have taught me what entrepreneurship is.
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naučili što je poduzetništvo.
12:07
And I think, at its core, it's deciding that you want your life to be better.
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I mislim da je, u svojoj srži, to odluka da želiš bolji život.
12:10
You see an opportunity
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Vidiš priliku
12:12
and you decide what you're going to do to try to seize that.
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i odlučiš da ćeš je pokušati iskoristiti.
12:14
In short, it's deciding that tomorrow can better than today
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Ukratko, to je odluka da sutra može biti bolje od danas
12:16
and going after that.
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i ispunjenje tog cilja.
12:18
Second thing that I've learned is that loans are a very interesting tool for connectivity.
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Drugo, naučila sam kako su krediti zanimljivo sredstvo spajanja.
12:21
So they're not a donation.
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Oni nisu donacije.
12:23
Yeah, maybe it doesn't sound that much different.
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Da, možda vam se ne čini bitno različitim.
12:25
But in fact, when you give something to someone
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Ali u stvari, kad nekome date nešto
12:27
and they say, "Thanks," and let you know how things go,
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i oni kažu "Hvala", i kasnije vam jave kako je to prošlo,
12:29
that's one thing.
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to je jedna stvar.
12:31
When you lend them money, and they slowly pay you back over time,
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Kad im posudite novac, i oni ga s vremenom polako vraćaju,
12:34
you have this excuse to have an ongoing dialogue.
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imate izliku za održavanje trajnog dijaloga.
12:36
This continued attention -- this ongoing attention --
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Ova kontinuirana pažnja, ova neprestana pažnja,
12:38
is a really big deal
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je stvarno bitna
12:40
to build different kinds of relationships among us.
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za izgradnju različitih odnosa među nama.
12:43
And then third, from what I've heard from the entrepreneurs I've gotten to know,
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I treće, prema onom što su mi rekli poduzetnici koje sam upoznala,
12:46
when all else is equal,
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ako je sve drugo isto,
12:48
given the option to have just money to do what you need to do,
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ako je izbor da vam netko samo da novac,
12:51
or money plus the support and encouragement
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ili da dobijete i novac i podršku i poticaj
12:54
of a global community,
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globalne zajednice,
12:56
people choose the community plus the money.
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ljudi odabiru zajednicu plus novac.
12:58
That's a much more meaningful combination, a more powerful combination.
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To je puno smislenija kombinacija, snažnija kombinacija.
13:01
So with that in mind, this particular incident
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Ako imate to na umu, taj događaj
13:03
has led to the things that I'm working on now.
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je vodio do stvari na kojima sada radim.
13:06
I see entrepreneurs everywhere now, now that I'm tuned into this.
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Sada vidim poduzetnike svugdje, sada kada sam u tome.
13:08
And one thing that I've seen
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I jedna od stvari koje sam vidjela
13:10
is there are a lot of supportive communities that already exist in the world.
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je da već postoji puno podupirućih zajednica na svijetu.
13:12
With social networks,
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Društvene mreže
13:14
it's an amazing way, growing the number of people that we all have around us
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su fantastične, i čine da podupiruće zajednice oko nas
13:17
in our own supportive communities, rapidly.
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brzo rastu.
13:20
And so, as I have been thinking about this,
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I tako, dok sam razmišljala o tome
13:22
I've been wondering: how can we engage these supportive communities
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pitala sam se: kako da uključimo ove podupiruće zajednice
13:25
to catalyze even more entrepreneurial ideas
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da kataliziraju još više poduzetničkih ideja
13:27
and to catalyze all of us
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i da kataliziraju sve nas
13:29
to make tomorrow better than today?
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da postignemo bolje sutra?
13:32
As I've researched what's going on in the United States,
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Istraživala sam što se događa u Sjedinjenim Državama
13:34
a few interesting little insights have come up.
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i par zanimljivih stvari se pojavilo.
13:36
So one is that, of course, as we all might expect,
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Naravno, kao što smo mogli i očekivati,
13:39
many small businesses in the U.S. and all over the world
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puno malih poduzeća u SAD-u i po cijelom svijetu
13:41
still need money to grow and to do more of what they want to do
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još uvijek trebaju novac za rast i ispunjenje svojih ciljeva,
13:44
or they might need money during a hard month.
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ili bi im mogao zatrebati novac u teškim vremenima.
13:46
But there's always a need for resources close by.
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Uvijek postoji potreba za resursima blizu nas.
13:49
Another thing is, it turns out,
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Ali, ispostavilo se
13:51
those resources don't usually come from the places you might expect --
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da ti resursi obično ne dolaze iz mjesta koje bi mogli očekivati -
13:54
banks, venture capitalists,
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banaka, poduzetničkih kapitalista,
13:56
other organizations and support structures --
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drugih organizacija i potpornih struktura -
13:58
they come from friends and family.
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obično dolaze od prijatelja i obitelji.
14:00
Some statistics say 85 percent or more of funding for small businesses
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Prema nekim statističkim podacima, više od 85 posto sredstava za mala poduzeća
14:02
comes from friends and family.
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dolazi od prijatelja i obitelji.
14:04
That's around 130 billion dollars a year --
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Oko 130 milijardi dolara godišnje.
14:06
it's a lot.
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To je puno.
14:08
And third, so as people are doing this friends and family fundraising process,
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Treće, kad ljudi prikupljaju novac od obitelji i prijatelja
14:11
it's very awkward, people don't know exactly what to ask for,
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bude im neugodno, ne znaju točno što tražiti,
14:13
how to ask, what to promise in return,
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kako tražiti, što obećati zauzvrat,
14:15
even though they have the best of intentions
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iako imaju najbolju namjeru
14:17
and want to thank those people that are supporting them.
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i žele zahvaliti ljudima koji ih podupiru.
14:20
So to harness the power of these supportive communities in a new way
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Kako bi iskoristili moć ovih podupirućih zajednica na nov način
14:23
and to allow entrepreneurs to decide for themselves
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i dozvolili poduzetnicima da odlučuju za sebe
14:25
exactly what that financial exchange should look like,
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točno kako ta financijska razmjena treba izgledati,
14:27
exactly what fits them and the people around them,
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kako će odgovarati njima i ljudima oko njih,
14:30
this week actually,
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baš ovaj tjedan,
14:32
we're quietly doing a launch of Profounder,
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potiho pokrećemo Profounder,
14:34
which is a crowd funding platform for small businesses to raise what they need
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platformu za financiranje malih poduzeća kako bi prikupili potrebna sredstva
14:37
through investments from their friends and family.
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kroz investicije svojih obitelji i prijatelja.
14:39
And it's investments, not donations, not loans,
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To su investicije, ne donacije ili pozajmice,
14:41
but investments that have a dynamic return.
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investicije koje imaju dinamičan povrat.
14:43
So the mapping of participating in the story,
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Sudjelovanje u ovim pričama
14:45
it actually flows with the up and down.
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ima svoje uspone i padove.
14:47
So in short, it's a do-it-yourself tool
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Ukratko, to je alat tipa uradi-sam
14:50
for small businesses to raise these funds.
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da male firme prikupe potreban kapital.
14:52
And what you can do is go onto the site, create a profile,
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Možete otići na stranicu, stvoriti profil,
14:55
create investment terms in a really easy way.
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stvoriti uvijete investiranja na jednostavan način.
14:57
We make it really, really simple for me
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Napravili smo to jako jednostavno za mene
14:59
as well as anyone else who wants to use the site.
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kao i za sve koji žele koristiti stranicu.
15:01
And we allow entrepreneurs to share a percentage of their revenues.
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Omogućavamo poduzetnicima da podijele dio svojih prihoda.
15:03
They can raise up to a million dollars
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Mogu prikupiti do milijun dolara
15:05
from an unlimited number of unaccredited, unsophisticated investors --
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od neograničenog broja nestručnih, nesofisticiranih investitora -
15:08
everyday people, heaven forbid --
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običnih ljudi -
15:10
and they can share those returns over time --
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i onda dijele te povrate s njima kroz vrijeme -
15:12
again, whatever terms they set.
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po dogovorenim uvjetima.
15:14
As investors choose to become involved
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Kako investitori odluče sudjelovati,
15:16
based on those terms,
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ovisno o tim uvjetima,
15:18
they can either take their rewards back as cash,
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nagrade mogu podignuti kao gotovinu
15:20
or they can decide in advance
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ili mogu unaprijed odlučiti
15:22
to give those returns away to a non-profit.
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da te povrate predaju neprofitnoj organizaciji.
15:24
So they can be a cash, or a cause, investor.
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Tako da mogu biti investitor za novac ili za dobru stvar.
15:27
It's my hope that this kind of tool can show anybody who has an idea
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Nadam se da ovakav alat može pokazati svakome s idejom
15:30
a path to go do what they want to do in the world
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put kako postići ono što žele
15:32
and to gather the people around them that they already have,
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i skupiti oko sebe ljude koji su već tu,
15:34
the people that know them best
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ljude koji ih najbolje znaju
15:36
and that love them and want to support them,
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i koji ih vole i žele ih poduprijeti,
15:38
to gather them to make this happen.
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skupiti ih i ostvariti to.
15:40
So that's what I'm working on now.
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Na tome sad radim.
15:42
And to close, I just want to say, look these are tools.
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I za kraj, želim samo reći da pogledate ove alate.
15:44
Right now, Profounder's right at the very beginning,
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Trenutno, Profounder je na samom početku
15:46
and it's very palpable; it's very clear to me, that it's just a vessel, it's just a tool.
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i jasno mi je kako je to samo sredstvo, samo alat.
15:49
What we need are for people to care, to actually go use it,
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Ono što želimo je da ljudima bude stalo da ga koriste,
15:52
just like they've cared enough to use Kiva
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kao što im je bilo dovoljno stalo da koriste Kivu
15:54
to make those connections.
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i da stvore te veze.
15:56
But the good news is I don't think I need to stand here and convince you to care --
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Ali, dobra vijest je da ne mislim da vam trebam reći da vam bude stalo.
15:58
I'm not even going to try.
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Neću ni pokušati.
16:00
I don't think, even though we often hear,
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Ne mislim, iako to često čujemo
16:02
you know, hear the ethical and moral reasons,
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poslušajte etičke i moralne razloge,
16:04
the religious reasons,
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religiozne razloge,
16:06
"Here's why caring and giving will make you happier."
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"Evo zašto će vas briga i davanje učiniti sretnima."
16:09
I don't think we need to be convinced of that. I think we know;
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Ne mislim da vas treba uvjeriti u to. Mislim da znamo.
16:12
in fact, I think we know so much,
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Štoviše, mislim da to toliko znamo,
16:14
and it's such a reality
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to nam je toliko stvarno
16:16
that we care so deeply,
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da nam je toliko duboko stalo,
16:18
that in fact, what usually stops us
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da nas, u stvari, to sprječava
16:20
is that we're afraid to try and to mess up,
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što smo uplašeni da pokušamo i zabrljamo,
16:22
because we care so very much about helping each other
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jer nam je toliko stalo da pomognemo jedni drugima
16:24
and being meaningful in each other's lives.
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i budemo smisleni jedni drugima u životu.
16:27
So what I think I can do today,
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Ono što mislim da mogu napraviti danas,
16:30
that best thing I can give you --
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najbolje što vam mogu dati -
16:32
I've given you my story, which is the best I can do.
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je moja priča, to je najviše što mogu.
16:34
And I think I can remind us that we do care.
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I mislim da nas mogu podsjetiti da nam je stalo.
16:37
I think we all already know that.
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Ali mislim da to već znamo.
16:39
And I think we know that love is resilient enough
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I znamo kako je ljubav dovoljno otporna
16:42
for us to get out there and try.
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da krenemo i pokušamo.
16:45
Just a sec.
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Samo trenutak.
16:51
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
16:53
Thanks.
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Hvala.
16:55
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
17:05
Thanks.
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Hvala.
17:07
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
17:09
For me, the best way to be inspired to try
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Za mene, najbolje način da budem inspirirana da pokušam
17:12
is to stop and to listen
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je stati i poslušati
17:14
to someone else's story.
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nečiju priču.
17:16
And I'm grateful that I've gotten to do that here at TED.
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I zahvalna sam što sam mogla to učiniti na TED-u.
17:19
And I'm grateful that whenever I do that,
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Zahvalna sam što, kad god to napravim,
17:22
guaranteed, I am inspired --
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uvijek sam nadahnuta,
17:24
I am inspired by the person I am listening to.
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nadahnuta sam osobom koju slušam.
17:27
And I believe more and more every time I listen
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I vjerujem sve više svaki put kad slušam
17:30
in that that person's potential to do great things in the world
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u potencijal te osobe da učini velike stvari u svijetu
17:33
and in my own potential to maybe help.
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i u moj potencijal da možda pomognem.
17:36
And that --
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I to -
17:38
forget the tools, forget the moving around of resources --
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zaboravite na alate, preslagivanje resursa -
17:40
that stuff's easy.
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to je lako.
17:42
Believing in each other,
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Vjerovanje u druge,
17:44
really being sure when push comes to shove
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doista biti siguran kad je situacija teška
17:46
that each one of us can do amazing things in the world,
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da svatko od nas može učiniti divne stvari na svijetu,
17:49
that is what can make our stories into love stories
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to može naše priče pretvoriti u ljubavne priče
17:52
and our collective story
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i našu zajedničku priču
17:54
into one that continually perpetuates hope
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u jednu koja trajno produljuje nadu
17:56
and good things for all of us.
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da dobre stvari čekaju sve nas.
17:58
So that, this belief in each other,
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Ova vjera jednih u druge,
18:00
knowing that without a doubt
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znajući bez sumnje
18:02
and practicing that every day in whatever you do,
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i to prakticirajući svaki dan u svemu što radite,
18:04
that's what I believe will change the world and make tomorrow better than today.
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to je ono što mislim da će promijeniti svijet i učiniti da sutra bude bolje nego danas.
18:07
Thank you.
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Hvala.
18:09
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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