The benefits of daydreaming - Elizabeth Cox

Prevodilac: Una Kavazović Lektor: Milenka Okuka

On a daily basis, you spend between a third and half

Na dnevnoj bazi provodite između trećine i polovine

your waking hours daydreaming.

svog budnog vremena sanjareći.

That may sound like a huge waste of time,

To možda zvuči kao pravo traćenje vremena,

but scientists think it must have some purpose,

ali naučnici misle da ovo mora imati neku svrhu,

or humans wouldn’t have evolved to do so much of it.

jer ljudi ne bi evoluirali da to čine u ovolikoj meri.

So to figure out what's going on here,

Da bismo shvatili šta se ovde dešava,

let’s take a closer look at the mind-wanderer in chief:

hajde da pažljivije pogledamo glavnog sanjara:

the bored teenager.

tindejdžera koji se dosađuje.

Wouldn’t it be cool to discover something, anything.

Zar ne bi bilo kul otkriti nešto, bilo šta?

Like even this plant.

Na primer, čak i ovu biljku.

Just to be one of those explorers who sails around drawing stuff

Prosto biti jedan od onih istraživača koji plove naokolo i crtaju

for years on end and everyone thinks they’re a genius.

godinama i godinama i svi misle da su geniji.

But does anyone even do that anymore?

Međutim, da li to iko više radi?

Is there anything left to discover?

Je li uopšte ostalo nešto da se otkrije?

And would I be tough enough to deal with the dysentery or scurvy

I da li bih bila jaka da se nosim sa dizenterijom ili skorbutom

or piranhas or whatever?

ili piranama ili čime god?

I barely have the endurance to make it through track practice...

Jedva mogu da izdržim da dovršim trening trčanja...

but I will.

ali ću to učiniti.

Any day now, I’ll have the discipline to show up before sunrise

Ubrzo ću biti disciplinovana da se pojavim pre zore

and practice.

i da vežbam.

I’ll win all my races.

Pobediću na svim trkama.

Winning will become so easy, I’ll pick up other events just for fun.

Pobeđivanje će postati tako lako da ću se takmičiti iz puke zabave.

And once I'm in the Olympics,

A kada dođem do Olimpijade,

they’ll have no choice but to crown me team captain,

neće imati izbora nego da me proglase kapitenom tima,

which I will graciously accept.

što ću ljubazno prihvatiti.

And will I be nasty to the teammate who yelled at me?

I da li ću uzvratiti saigraču koji je vikao na mene?

No.

Ne.

I’ll just calmly say, “hope you’re in a better mood.”

Samo ću mirno reći: „Nadam se da si raspoloženiji”.

Okay. Yours and other people's daydreams might sound or feel something like that.

U redu. Vaša i sanjarenja drugih možda zvuče ili liče na ovo.

Let's see what was going on.

Hajde da vidimo šta se to dešava.

To see what parts of the brain are active

Da bismo videli koji deo mozga je aktivan

when you’re doing a task, or thinking, or daydreaming,

kada obavljate neki zadatak, mislite ili sanjarite,

scientists use brain imaging techniques that show

naučnici koriste tehnike skeniranja mozga koje pokazuju

increased blood flow and energy expenditure in those areas.

povećanu cirklulaciju i rashod energije u datim oblastima.

These brain areas are active,

Ova područja mozga su aktivna,

working together and communicating with each other.

rade zajedno i komuniciraju međusobno.

Taken together, they're called the executive network.

Zajedno se nazivaju izvršna mreža.

When your mind starts to wander,

Kada vaš um počne da luta,

a different set of brain areas becomes active.

različiti delovi mozga postaju aktivni.

These areas make up the default mode network.

Ovi delovi čine mrežu podrazumevanog načina rada.

The name default mode makes it sound like nothing is going on.

Podrazumevani način rada zvuči kao da se ništa ne dešava.

And in fact, for many years,

I zapravo, tokom mnogo godina,

scientists associated this pattern of activity with rest.

naučnici su povezivali ovaj obrazac aktivnosti sa odmaranjem.

But a closer look reveals that these are the brain areas involved

Ali pažljiviji pogled otkriva da su ovo delovi mozga koji su aktivni

when we revisit a memory, when we think about our plans and hopes,

kada se prisećamo uspomene, kada mislimo o našim planovima i nadama

and yes, when our minds are wandering off on a wild daydream.

i, da, kada naš um odluta u uzbudljivo sanjarenje.

The mind can wander to unproductive or distressing places

Um može odlutati na neproduktivna ili uznemirujuća mesta

and brood over negative past events, like an argument.

i fokusirati se na negativne uspomene, kao što su svađe.

It can also wander to neutral, everyday matters,

Takođe može odlutati do neutralnih, svakodnevnih mesta,

like planning out the rest of one's afternoon.

kao što je planiranje ostatka popodneva.

But where mind-wandering really gets interesting

Ali sanjarenje postaje zaista zanimljivo

is when it crosses into the realm of free-moving associative thought

kada pređe u formu slobodne asocijativne misli

that you aren’t consciously directing.

kojom ne upravljate svesno.

This kind of mind-wandering is associated with increases in both ideas

Ova vrsta sanjarenja je vezana i za porast ideja

and positive emotions,

i pozitivnih osećanja,

and the evidence suggests that daydreaming can help people envision ways

a dokazi upućuju na to da sanjarenje može pomoći ljudima da zamisle načine

to reach their goals and navigate relationships and social situations.

da ostvare svoje ciljeve i upravljaju vezama i društvenim situacijama.

Scientists think there may be two essential parts to this process:

Naučnici misle da bi se ovaj proces mogao sastojati od dva bitna dela:

a generative phase of free-flowing ideas and spontaneous thoughts,

generativne faze slobodnih ideja i spontanih misli,

courtesy of the default mode network,

zaslugom mreže podrazumevanog rada,

followed by a process of selecting, developing, and pursuing

praćene procesom odabira, razvoja i traženja

the best ideas from that generative burst,

najboljih ideja iz date generativne bujice,

driven by logical thinking thanks to the executive network.

vođene logičkim razmišljanjem zahvaljujući izvršnoj mreži.

A host of imaging studies suggest that these two networks working in sync

Gomila istraživanja slika mozga sugerišu da ove dve mreže rade sinhronizovano

is a crucial condition for creative thinking.

što je presudan uslov za kreativno razmišljanje.

Taken together, the evidence clearly suggests

Posmatrani zajedno, dokazi jasno pokazuju

the logical realm of the executive network

da su logički deo izvršne mreže

and the imaginative realm of the default mode network

i maštoviti deo mreže podrazumevanog načina rada

are closely related.

usko povezani.

And as you can see, the executive network is still playing a role

I kao što možete videti, izvršna mreža je i dalje aktivna

when the default mode network is doing its thing during daydreaming.

kada mreža podrazumevanog načina rada radi svoje tokom sanjarenja.

In teenagers,

Kod tinejdžera,

the prefrontal cortex and other areas involved in executive function

prefrontalni korteks i druga područja uključena u izvršnu funkciju

are still developing,

se još uvek razvijaju,

but teens are perfectly capable of thinking through their problems and goals,

ali su tinejdžeri potpuno sposobni da razmišljaju o problemima i ciljevima,

especially when given space to do so on their own.

posebno kada imaju mogućnost da to rade samostalno.