Leymah Gbowee: Unlock the intelligence, passion, greatness of girls | TED
194,922 views ・ 2012-03-28
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譯者: Ho-chung Chou
審譯者: Sunny Kan Ngai Hang
00:15
Many times
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有很多次
00:17
I go around the world to speak,
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我到世界各地演講時
00:20
and people ask me questions
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大家會問我
00:22
about the challenges,
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關於面對挑戰
00:24
my moments,
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我的關鍵時刻
00:27
some of my regrets.
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以及我的悔恨
00:29
1998:
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1998年
00:32
A single mother of four,
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我作為一個單親媽媽,帶著四名子女
00:34
three months after the birth of my fourth child,
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我第四個孩子出生後的三個月
00:38
I went to do a job
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我找到一份工作
00:41
as a research assistant.
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當研究助理
00:45
I went to Northern Liberia.
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我到了賴比瑞亞北部
00:48
And as part of the work,
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而這份工作包括了
00:51
the village would give you lodgings.
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由村莊提供的宿舍
00:54
And they gave me lodging with a single mother
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他們安排我跟一個單身媽媽
00:57
and her daughter.
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和她的女兒住
00:59
This girl happened to be
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這女孩剛好是
01:02
the only girl in the entire village
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整個村莊唯一的女孩
01:04
who had made it
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她好不容易升上
01:06
to the ninth grade.
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九年級了
01:08
She was the laughing stock of the community.
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她是這個部落歡樂的來源
01:11
Her mother was often told by other women,
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其他女人常常跟她母親說
01:14
"You and your child
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"妳和妳孩子
01:16
will die poor."
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到死都是窮人"
01:19
After two weeks of working in that village,
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在那座村莊工作兩個禮拜以後
01:22
it was time to go back.
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到了要回去的時候
01:24
The mother came to me, knelt down,
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那位母親來到我面前,跪了下來
01:28
and said, "Leymah, take my daughter.
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然後說:" 蕾曼,帶我女兒走
01:32
I wish for her
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我希望她能
01:34
to be a nurse."
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當一個護士"
01:37
Dirt poor, living in the home with my parents,
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窮的要死,和父母一起住在家裡
01:41
I couldn't afford to.
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我沒有那種能力
01:44
With tears in my eyes,
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我流著淚
01:46
I said, "No."
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我說:" 不行"
01:49
Two months later,
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兩個月後
01:51
I go to another village
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同一份工作
01:53
on the same assignment
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指派了我去另一座村莊
01:55
and they asked me to live with the village chief.
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他們要我跟村長一起住
01:59
The women's chief of the village has this little girl,
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村長是女的,有個小女孩
02:02
fair color like me,
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跟我一樣是混血的
02:04
totally dirty.
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全身髒兮兮
02:06
And all day she walked around
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她整天不管去哪裡
02:08
only in her underwear.
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都只穿著內衣
02:10
When I asked, "Who is that?"
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當我問: 那是誰?
02:13
She said, "That's Wei.
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她說:"那是Wei"
02:15
The meaning of her name is pig.
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這個名字的意思是豬
02:18
Her mother died while giving birth to her,
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她母親生下她的時候死了
02:21
and no one had any idea who her father was."
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而且沒有人知道她的父親是誰
02:24
For two weeks, she became my companion,
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那兩個禮拜她都跟我在一起
02:27
slept with me.
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跟我一起睡
02:29
I bought her used clothes
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我幫她買了二手衣服
02:31
and bought her her first doll.
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還幫她買了她的第一個玩偶
02:33
The night before I left,
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我離開的前一晚
02:36
she came to the room
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她走進房間
02:38
and said, "Leymah, don't leave me here.
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說: "蕾曼,不要丟下我
02:40
I wish to go with you.
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我想跟妳走
02:42
I wish to go to school."
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我想要上學"
02:44
Dirt poor, no money,
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窮的要死,口袋空空
02:47
living with my parents,
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和我父母一起住
02:49
I again said, "No."
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我還是說:不行
02:51
Two months later,
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兩個月後
02:53
both of those villages fell into another war.
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這兩座村莊都捲入了另一場戰爭
02:56
Till today, I have no idea
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直到今天,我還是不知道
03:00
where those two girls are.
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那兩個女孩在哪裡
03:02
Fast-forward, 2004:
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快轉到2004年
03:06
In the peak of our activism,
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那時我們的激進行動達到最高峰
03:09
the minister of Gender Liberia called me
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賴比瑞亞性別與發展部部長打給我
03:11
and said, "Leymah, I have a nine-year-old for you.
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說: " 蕾曼,我有個九歲的要給妳
03:14
I want you to bring her home
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我要妳帶她回家
03:16
because we don't have safe homes."
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因為我們沒有安全的住所"
03:18
The story of this little girl:
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這個小女孩的情況是
03:20
She had been raped
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她被她父親
03:22
by her paternal grandfather
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那邊的祖父強暴
03:24
every day for six months.
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整整六個月,每天都是
03:26
She came to me bloated,
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她來的時候全身浮腫
03:29
very pale.
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非常蒼白
03:31
Every night I'd come from work and lie on the cold floor.
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每個晚上,我下班後躺在冰冷的地板
03:34
She'd lie beside me
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她會躺在我身邊
03:36
and say, "Auntie, I wish to be well.
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然後說: 阿姨,我希望一切會變好
03:39
I wish to go to school."
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我希望能上學
03:42
2010:
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2010年
03:44
A young woman stands before President Sirleaf
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有位年輕女人站在總統Sirleaf面前
03:47
and gives her testimony
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開口說出證詞
03:49
of how she and her siblings live together,
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說她和她的兄弟姐妹住在一起
03:52
their father and mother died during the war.
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他們的父親和母親在戰爭時死掉了
03:55
She's 19; her dream is to go to college
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她19歲,她的夢想是上大學
03:58
to be able to support them.
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好幫助她的兄弟姐妹
04:00
She's highly athletic.
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她是成績優秀的運動員
04:02
One of the things that happens
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其中一件發生的事是
04:04
is that she applies for a scholarship.
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她申請了獎學金
04:06
Full scholarship. She gets it.
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全額獎學金,她申請到了
04:08
Her dream of going to school,
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她上學的夢想
04:10
her wish of being educated,
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她接受教育的希望
04:12
is finally here.
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終於在這裡實現
04:14
She goes to school on the first day.
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她第一天去學校時
04:17
The director of sports
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學校的體育主任
04:19
who's responsible for getting her into the program
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他的工作是幫她提出申請
04:21
asks her to come out of class.
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他要求她離開教室
04:23
And for the next three years,
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接下來的三年
04:25
her fate will be
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她的命運是
04:27
having sex with him every day,
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每天都要跟他做愛
04:30
as a favor for getting her in school.
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當作讓她進學校的報答
04:33
Globally, we have policies,
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世界各地,我們有各種政策
04:37
international instruments,
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各種國際組織
04:39
work leaders.
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各種工作的領導者
04:41
Great people have made commitments --
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偉大的人許下了承諾
04:43
we will protect our children
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我們會保護自己的孩子
04:46
from want and from fear.
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免於貧困,免於恐懼
04:48
The U.N. has the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
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聯合國有"兒童權利公約"
04:52
Countries like America, we've heard things like No Child Left Behind.
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像是在美國,我們知道有"有教無類法案"這種東西
04:56
Other countries come with different things.
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其他國家有不一樣的東西
04:59
There is a Millennium Development called Three
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"聯合國千禧年發展目標"的第三項
05:01
that focuses on girls.
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將焦點放在女孩身上
05:05
All of these great works by great people
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這些偉大者做的偉大工作
05:07
aimed at getting young people
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目的是要引導全球的年輕人
05:09
to where we want to get them globally,
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達到我們希望的境界
05:12
I think, has failed.
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這些努力,我認為失敗了
05:14
In Liberia, for example,
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例如,在賴比瑞亞
05:17
the teenage pregnancy rate
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少女懷孕的比率
05:19
is three to every 10 girls.
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是十分之三
05:23
Teen prostitution is at its peak.
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少女賣淫率創下新高
05:26
In one community, we're told,
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在某個部落,有人曾經跟我們說
05:28
you wake up in the morning
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早上起來的時候會看到
05:30
and see used condoms like used chewing gum paper.
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用過的保險套像是吃完的口香糖包裝紙一樣多
05:34
Girls as young as 12 being prostituted
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才12歲的女孩就在賣淫
05:37
for less than a dollar a night.
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一個晚上賺不到一塊美金
05:41
It's disheartening, it's sad.
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這讓人沮喪,傷心
05:44
And then someone asked me,
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然後有人問過我
05:46
just before my TEDTalk, a few days ago,
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就在我來TED演講前,幾天前
05:48
"So where is the hope?"
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"希望在哪裡啊?"
05:50
Several years ago, a few friends of mine
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好幾年前,我幾個朋友和我決定
05:53
decided we needed to bridge the disconnect
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我們必須填平我們這個世代
05:55
between our generation
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之間的落差
05:57
and the generation of young women.
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包括這一代的年輕女人之間
05:59
It's not enough to say
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光用說的不夠
06:01
you have two Nobel laureates from the Republic of Liberia
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我們有兩位來自賴比瑞亞共和國的諾貝爾得獎人
06:04
when your girls' kids are totally out there
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你們家女孩的孩子在外面流浪的時候
06:07
and no hope, or seemingly no hope.
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沒有希望,或是看起來沒有希望
06:10
We created a space
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我們創造了一個地方
06:12
called the Young Girls Transformative Project.
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叫做"年輕女孩改變能力的計畫"
06:15
We go into rural communities
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我們到郊區的部落
06:18
and all we do, like has been done in this room,
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我們做的事,跟我在這裡做過的一樣
06:21
is create the space.
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就是創造一個地方
06:24
When these girls sit,
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這些女孩坐下的時候
06:26
you unlock intelligence,
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你釋放知識
06:29
you unlock passion,
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你釋放熱情
06:32
you unlock commitment,
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你釋放信念
06:34
you unlock focus,
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你釋放重點
06:36
you unlock great leaders.
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你釋放偉大的領導者
06:38
Today, we've worked with over 300.
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今天,我們的成果超過300人
06:41
And some of those girls
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其中有些女孩
06:43
who walked in the room very shy
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走進房間的時候很害羞
06:45
have taken bold steps, as young mothers,
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下定決心才敢加入,例如那些年輕媽媽
06:48
to go out there and advocate
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為了其他年輕女人的權利
06:51
for the rights of other young women.
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站出來大聲宣傳
06:54
One young woman I met,
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我遇過一位年輕女人
06:56
teen mother of four,
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十幾歲就有了四個小孩
06:58
never thought about finishing high school,
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從來沒想過要完成高中學業
07:00
graduated successfully;
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結果順利畢業了
07:03
never thought about going to college,
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從來沒想過能上大學
07:05
enrolled in college.
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結果被錄取了
07:07
One day she said to me,
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有一天,她對我說
07:09
"My wish is to finish college
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我的願望是讀完大學
07:11
and be able to support my children."
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和有能力培養我的孩子
07:13
She's at a place where she can't find money
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她住的地方湊不到錢
07:15
to go to school.
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讓她能上學
07:17
She sells water, sells soft drinks
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她賣水,賣飲料
07:20
and sells recharge cards for cellphones.
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還賣可儲值的行動電話卡
07:24
And you would think she would take that money
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你們會以為她會把那些錢
07:26
and put it back into her education.
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拿回來當作自己的教育基金
07:29
Juanita is her name.
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她叫祖安妮塔
07:31
She takes that money
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她賺到這些錢
07:33
and finds single mothers in her community
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然後找了住在同部落的單親媽媽
07:36
to send back to school.
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送她們去學校
07:38
Says, "Leymah, my wish
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她說: " 蕾曼,我的願望
07:40
is to be educated.
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是接受教育
07:42
And if I can't be educated,
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如果我不能接受教育
07:44
when I see some of my sisters being educated,
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我看到我的姐妹接受教育的時候
07:47
my wish has been fulfilled.
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我的願望就達成了
07:49
I wish for a better life.
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我希望生活能更好
07:51
I wish for food for my children.
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我希望我的小孩有東西吃
07:53
I wish that sexual abuse and exploitation in schools would stop."
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我希望能停止學校裡的性暴力和剝削"
07:58
This is the dream of the African girl.
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這是非洲女孩的夢想
08:00
Several years ago,
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好幾年前
08:02
there was one African girl.
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有一個非洲女孩
08:04
This girl had a son
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這女孩有個兒子
08:06
who wished for a piece of doughnut
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他希望能吃一口甜甜圈
08:09
because he was extremely hungry.
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因為他非常非常餓
08:12
Angry, frustrated,
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生氣,挫折
08:15
really upset
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她對她週遭的情況
08:17
about the state of her society
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真的很煩
08:20
and the state of her children,
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還有她孩子的情況
08:22
this young girl started a movement,
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這個年輕女孩發起了一項活動
08:24
a movement of ordinary women
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一項由普通女人
08:26
banding together
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團結而行的活動
08:28
to build peace.
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去創造和平
08:30
I will fulfill the wish.
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我會完成這個願望
08:32
This is another African girl's wish.
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這是另一位非洲女孩的願望
08:34
I failed to fulfill the wish of those two girls.
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我無法完成其他兩位女孩的願望
08:36
I failed to do this.
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我失敗了
08:38
These were the things that were going through the head of this other young woman --
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其他這些年輕女人的腦中會有這種想法
08:41
I failed, I failed, I failed.
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我失敗了,我失敗了
08:44
So I will do this.
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所以我會這樣
08:48
Women came out,
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女人站出來
08:50
protested a brutal dictator,
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抗議殘暴的獨裁者
08:53
fearlessly spoke.
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大膽講出來
08:56
Not only did the wish of a piece of doughnut come true,
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不但要實現吃一口甜甜圈的願望
09:00
the wish of peace came true.
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實現和平的願望
09:02
This young woman
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這位年輕女人
09:04
wished also to go to school.
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也希望能上學
09:06
She went to school.
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她到學校
09:08
This young woman wished for other things to happen,
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這位年輕女人希望能有其他事發生
09:10
it happened for her.
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能幫助她的事
09:12
Today, this young woman is me,
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現在,我就是這位年輕女人
09:16
a Nobel laureate.
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諾貝爾得獎人
09:18
I'm now on a journey
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我現在在旅行
09:20
to fulfill the wish,
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我要實現願望
09:22
in my tiny capacity,
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用我微弱的能力
09:24
of little African girls --
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為了那些非洲小女孩
09:26
the wish of being educated.
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接受教育的願望
09:28
We set up a foundation.
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我們成立了一個基金會
09:30
We're giving full four-year scholarships
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我們提供四年全額的獎金
09:32
to girls from villages that we see with potential.
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給那些我們認為有潛力的、來自村莊的女孩
09:35
I don't have much to ask of you.
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我沒什麼資格向你們要求
09:38
I've also been to places in this U.S.,
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我也來到美國這個國家
09:40
and I know that girls in this country
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我知道這個國家的女孩
09:42
also have wishes,
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也有願望
09:44
a wish for a better life somewhere in the Bronx,
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住在紐約布朗克斯區的某人希望有更好的生活
09:47
a wish for a better life
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希望有更好的生活
09:49
somewhere in downtown L.A.,
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住在洛杉磯商業區的某人
09:51
a wish for a better life somewhere in Texas,
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住在德州的某人希望有更好的生活
09:54
a wish for a better life somewhere in New York,
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紐約某處希望有更好的生活
09:57
a wish for a better life
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希望有更好的生活
09:59
somewhere in New Jersey.
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住在紐澤西州的某人
10:01
Will you journey with me
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你們願意跟我一起旅行
10:03
to help that girl,
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去幫助那個女孩嗎?
10:06
be it an African girl or an American girl
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不論是非洲女孩或是美國女孩
10:09
or a Japanese girl,
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或是日本女孩
10:11
fulfill her wish,
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完成她的願望
10:13
fulfill her dream,
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完成她的夢想
10:15
achieve that dream?
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去達成那個夢想嗎?
10:17
Because all of these
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因為我們這幾天
10:19
great innovators and inventors
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討論的、看到的
10:22
that we've talked to and seen
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所有那些
10:24
over the last few days
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偉大的改革者和創新者
10:26
are also sitting in tiny corners
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現在也都在世界各地
10:29
in different parts of the world,
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的各個角落
10:31
and all they're asking us to do
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他們對我們的要求只有
10:33
is create that space
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創造一個地方
10:35
to unlock the intelligence,
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能釋放知識
10:37
unlock the passion,
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釋放熱情
10:39
unlock all of the great things
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釋放所有偉大的事情
10:41
that they hold within themselves.
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那是她們天生就有的
10:44
Let's journey together. Let's journey together.
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讓我們一起旅行, 讓我們一起旅行
10:47
Thank you.
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謝謝大家
10:49
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
11:12
Chris Anderson: Thank you so much.
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克里斯 安德森:非常感謝妳
11:14
Right now in Liberia,
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妳現在在賴比瑞亞
11:16
what do you see
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看到的
11:18
as the main issue that troubles you?
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哪一項問題最讓妳煩惱?
11:21
LG: I've been asked to lead
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蕾曼:有人要求我帶領
11:23
the Liberian Reconciliation Initiative.
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"賴比瑞亞調停協議"的進行
11:26
As part of my work,
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我的工作內容之一
11:28
I'm doing these tours
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就是到處旅行
11:31
in different villages and towns --
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到不同的村莊和城鎮
11:33
13, 15 hours on dirt roads --
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在泥巴路上開了13, 15小時
11:37
and there is no community that I've gone into
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我在每一個去過的部落裡
11:40
that I haven't seen intelligent girls.
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都會看到一些聰明的女孩
11:44
But sadly,
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但是,不幸的是
11:46
the vision of a great future,
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美好未來的遠景
11:49
or the dream of a great future,
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或是美好未來的夢想
11:51
is just a dream,
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只是空想
11:53
because you have all of these vices.
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因為我們心中那些邪念
11:55
Teen pregnancy, like I said, is epidemic.
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少女懷孕,我說過,到處都有
11:58
So what troubles me
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所以我會感到煩惱
12:00
is that I was at that place
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是因為我就在當地
12:04
and somehow I'm at this place,
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然而我現在在這裡
12:07
and I just don't want to be the only one
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我就是不想要當這個地方
12:09
at this place.
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唯一獲救的人
12:11
I'm looking for ways
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我在找方法
12:13
for other girls to be with me.
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讓其他女孩能跟我一樣
12:15
I want to look back 20 years from now
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我要把時間倒退二十年
12:18
and see that there's another Liberian girl,
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我們會看到另一個利比亞女孩
12:20
Ghanaian girl, Nigerian girl, Ethiopian girl
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加納女孩,奈及利亞女孩, 衣索匹亞女孩
12:23
standing on this TED stage.
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站在這個TED的講台
12:26
And maybe, just maybe, saying,
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也許,只是也許,她會說
12:28
"Because of that Nobel laureate
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"因為獲得諾貝爾獎
12:30
I'm here today."
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今天我站在這裡
12:32
So I'm troubled
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所以,我會擔心
12:34
when I see them like there's no hope.
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當我看到她們好像失去希望
12:37
But I'm also not pessimistic,
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但是我不是悲觀的人
12:40
because I know it doesn't take a lot
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因為我知道不用花太多代價
12:42
to get them charged up.
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就能為她們充電
12:44
CA: And in the last year,
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克里斯:而且去年發生了
12:46
tell us one hopeful thing
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一件讓人充滿希望的事
12:48
that you've seen happening.
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妳也親眼目睹了
12:50
LG: I can tell you many hopeful things that I've seen happening.
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蕾曼:我可以說很多我看過讓人充滿希望的事給你聽♪
12:53
But in the last year,
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可是去年
12:55
where President Sirleaf comes from, her village,
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瑟莉芙總統出生的地方,她的村莊
12:57
we went there to work with these girls.
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我們去那裡幫忙那些女孩
12:59
And we could not find 25 girls
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我們發現正在讀高中的女孩
13:01
in high school.
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不到25個
13:03
All of these girls went to the gold mine,
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所有那些女孩都去金礦坑了
13:06
and they were predominantly prostitutes
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顯然她們都當去妓女了
13:08
doing other things.
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或其他的工作
13:10
We took 50 of those girls
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我們挑了其中50名女孩
13:12
and we worked with them.
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跟她們一起工作
13:14
And this was at the beginning of elections.
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那時候剛開始要選舉
13:17
This is one place where women were never --
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這個地方的女人從來沒有
13:19
even the older ones
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比較老的那些沒有
13:21
barely sat in the circle with the men.
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公開和男人坐在一起
13:24
These girls banded together and formed a group
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這些女孩團結在一起,組成一個團體
13:27
and launched a campaign
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然後發起了一項活動
13:29
for voter registration.
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要爭取投票權的登記
13:31
This is a real rural village.
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那是很原始的村莊
13:33
And the theme they used was:
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她們使用的標語是
13:35
"Even pretty girls vote."
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連漂亮女孩都會投票
13:37
They were able to mobilize young women.
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她們成功動員了年輕的女人
13:39
But not only did they do that,
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但她們做的不只是這樣
13:42
they went to those who were running for seats
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她們去找那些出來競選的人
13:44
to ask them, "What is it
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去問他們:"你們當選後
13:46
that you will give the girls of this community
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能給這個部落的女孩子
13:48
when you win?"
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什麼東西?
13:50
And one of the guys
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他們其中一個
13:52
who already had a seat was very --
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已經有其他職位的人,非常的
13:55
because Liberia has one of the strongest rape laws,
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因為利比亞有最嚴厲的強暴法
13:57
and he was one of those really fighting in parliament
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而他是真的在國會裡力爭的人之一
14:00
to overturn that law
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想要推翻這些法律
14:02
because he called it barbaric.
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因為他認為那是野蠻行為
14:04
Rape is not barbaric, but the law, he said, was barbaric.
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強暴不是野蠻行為,但是他說,那些法律是野蠻行為
14:08
And when the girls started engaging him,
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女孩開始跟他交手的時候
14:10
he was very hostile towards them.
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他對她們很不友善
14:12
These little girls turned to him and said,
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那些年輕女孩轉頭對他說
14:14
"We will vote you out of office."
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"我們會用選票趕走你"
14:16
He's out of office today.
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現在的他沒有職位
14:18
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
14:24
CA: Leymah, thank you. Thank you so much for coming to TED.
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克里斯:蕾曼,謝謝妳,非常感謝妳來到TED
14:27
LG: You're welcome. (CA: Thank you.)
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蕾曼: 不客氣。(克里斯:謝謝妳)
14:29
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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