David Hanson: Robots that "show emotion"

翻译人员: Wang Qian 校对人员: dong liu

I'm Dr. David Hanson, and I build robots with character.

我是戴维•汉 森，我设计具有人格的机器人。

And by that, I mean

我指的是，

that I develop robots that are characters,

我研制出的机器 人具有个性，

but also robots that will eventually

也是个最终

come to empathize with you.

会跟你产生共 鸣的机器人。

So we're starting with a variety of technologies

所以我们从许 多不同的科技开始，

that have converged into these conversational character robots

这些科技造就 了具人格并懂得对话的机器人，

that can see faces, make eye contact with you,

它们看得到 脸，也会跟你有眼神上的交流，

make a full range of facial expressions, understand speech

还会做许多种 脸部表情，也懂得对话，

and begin to model how you're feeling

并且开始仿效 你的感觉，

and who you are, and build a relationship with you.

了解你是谁， 并与你建立关系。

I developed a series of technologies

我发展了一系 列的科技，

that allowed the robots to make more realistic facial expressions

让机器人做出 栩栩如生的脸部表情，

than previously achieved, on lower power,

比起先前类似 的成果，耗能很低，

which enabled the walking biped robots, the first androids.

这造就了第一 代的人型机器人，两只脚的机器人。

So, it's a full range of facial expressions

这个机器人有 着相当多的脸部表情，

simulating all the major muscles in the human face,

仿效着人类脸 上的所有主要肌肉，

running on very small batteries,

可以靠很小的 电池运作，

extremely lightweight.

极度轻薄。

The materials that allowed the battery-operated facial expressions

让这电池驱动 的脸部表情成真的材料，

is a material that we call Frubber,

是我们叫作 Frubber 的材料，

and it actually has three major innovations

这材料有着三 种主要创新，

in the material that allow this to happen.

让这项科技得 以实现。

One is hierarchical pores,

一个是阶层式 毛孔。

and the other is a macro-molecular nanoscale porosity in the material.

另一个则是材 料中的巨分子奈米孔径。

There he's starting to walk.

这是机器人开 始在走路。

This is at the Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology.

这地点在韩国 高等科学技术学院。

I built the head. They built the body.

我做了头部， 他们则做了身体。

So the goal here is to achieve sentience in machines,

我的目标是透 过机器表达感觉，

and not just sentience, but empathy.

不只是感觉， 神情上也是。

We're working with the Machine Perception Laboratory

我们和加州大 学圣地亚哥分校)

at the U.C. San Diego.

的机械感知实 验室 (MPL) 合作。

They have this really remarkable facial expression technology

他们具有这项 了不起的脸部表情科技，

that recognizes facial expressions,

认得各种脸部 表情，

what facial expressions you're making.

你所作的各种 表情。

It also recognizes where you're looking, your head orientation.

它还分辨得出 你在往哪看，还有你头的动向。

We're emulating all the major facial expressions,

我们模仿所有 主要的脸部表情，

and then controlling it with the software

再用「表情引 擎」这个软件

that we call the Character Engine.

控制机器 人。

And here is a little bit of the technology that's involved in that.

这是以上这 些科技的小小展示。

In fact, right now -- plug it from here, and then plug it in here,

事实上，现 在，从这边插插头，再从这边插入，

and now let's see if it gets my facial expressions.

现在我们来 看看，它是否读得到我的脸部表情。

Okay. So I'm smiling.

OK. 所以我正在微笑。

(Laughter)

（笑声）

Now I'm frowning.

现在我在皱 眉头。

And this is really heavily backlit.

这里的背光 相当严重。

Okay, here we go.

好，可以 了。

Oh, it's so sad.

噢，它真难 过。

Okay, so you smile, frowning.

OK，当你 微笑和皱眉头时。

So his perception of your emotional states

它对你情绪 状态的察觉是很重要的，

is very important for machines to effectively become empathetic.

这让机器人 可以有效地仿效你的情感。

Machines are becoming devastatingly capable

机器现在变 得具有毁灭性的力量，

of things like killing. Right?

像是杀戮， 对吧？

Those machines have no place for empathy.

那些机器没 有情感。

And there is billions of dollars being spent on that.

人们却耗费 数十亿元在那上头。

Character robotics could plant the seed

我们可以用 情感机器人做个开端，

for robots that actually have empathy.

使未来机器 人真的能具有同理心。

So, if they achieve human level intelligence

所以，如果 它们有人类般的智慧，

or, quite possibly, greater than human levels of intelligence,

或甚至有可 能，比人类的智慧要来得高，

this could be the seeds of hope for our future.

这有可能是 我们未来希望的开端。

So, we've made 20 robots in the last eight years, during the course of getting my Ph.D.

过去八年， 在我攻读博士期间，我们完成了二十个机器人。

And then I started Hanson Robotics,

接着我创立 了汉森机器科学公司，

which has been developing these things for mass manufacturing.

为的是大规 模生产研发这些科技。

This is one of our robots

这是我们生 产的机器人中的一个，

that we showed at Wired NextFest a couple of years ago.

我们几年前 在《Wierd》杂志 所举办的发明大展 中展示过。

And it sees multiple people in a scene,

它能同时辨 认许多不同的人，

remembers where individual people are,

记得每个人 所在的位置，

and looks from person to person, remembering people.

在人与人间 来回注视着，并记得他们。

So, we're involving two things.

我们谈的有 两件事。

One, the perception of people,

一个是人的 知觉。

and two, the natural interface,

另一个是自 然的界面，

the natural form of the interface,

接口原本应 有的样子，

so that it's more intuitive for you to interact with the robot.

所以你跟机 器人互动是更直观的。

You start to believe that it's alive and aware.

你开始相信 机器人是有生命并有意识的。

So one of my favorite projects was bringing all this stuff together

所以我最喜 欢的主题之一，就是把这些结合起来，

in an artistic display of an android portrait

用一种艺术 性的展示，

of science-fiction writer Philip K. Dick,

秀出科幻小 说作家菲利普•狄克笔下的机器人，

who wrote great works like, "Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?"

他曾写出像 《机器人是否会梦见机器羊？》这样精采的作品，

which was the basis of the movie "Bladerunner."

电影《银翼 杀手》就是基于这部小说

In these stories, robots often think

在这些故事 里，机器人常常会觉得

that they're human, and they sort of come to life.

他们是人 类。而且他们总是会获得生命。

So we put his writings, letters,

所以我们把 他的作品、信件、

his interviews, correspondences,

他的访问、 书函，

into a huge database of thousands of pages,

集结成上千 页的数据库，

and then used some natural language processing

接着再用一 些自然的语言处理，

to allow you to actually have a conversation with him.

让你真的可 以和他对话。

And it was kind of spooky, because he would say these things

这还真的有 点吓人。因为他会说些事，

that just sounded like they really understood you.

就好像它们 真的懂你。

And this is one of the most exciting projects that we're developing,

这正是我们 在发展最令人兴奋的计划之一，

which is a little character that's a spokesbot

这是个小角 色，一个小机器人，

for friendly artificial intelligence, friendly machine intelligence.

目的是研发 友善的人工智能，友善的机械智能。

And we're getting this mass-manufactured.

我们正在大 规模生产这个产品。

We specked it out to actually be doable

我们知道这 是真的做得到的，

with a very, very low-cost bill of materials,

用一种相当 低成本的材料，

so that it can become a childhood companion for kids.

这就可以成 为孩子童年的伙伴。

Interfacing with the Internet, it gets smarter over the years.

接上网络， 经过岁月，机器人会变得更聪明。

As artificial intelligence evolves, so does his intelligence.

在人工智能 演化的同时，这机器人的智慧也会演化。

Chris Anderson: Thank you so much. That's incredible.

克里斯•安 德森：很谢谢你！真的是太了不起了！

(Applause)

（掌声）